英语人教版八年级上unit2 知识点笔记

Unit3 I’m more outgoing than my sister?

语法讲解：

1.形容词和副词的原级、比较级、最高级的构成

原级变比较级的规则变化：

①一般在词尾+-er,-est

②以不发音的e结尾的词，在词尾+-r,-st

③“_________”结尾的重读闭音节且末尾只有一个辅音字母时，双写这个辅音字母

再+er，-est

④以“___________+y”变y为i，再加+er，-est

⑤多音节和部分双音节词，在词前+more或most

（注意：）

①以“ly”结尾的副词，除early外，一般加more 或most.

②有些形容词有两种变化方式如：

healthy---healthier---healthiest/ more healthy---most healthy

friendly----friendlier --- friendliest / more friendly ----most friendly

clever----cleverer---cleverest / more clever ----most clever

原级变比较级的不规则变化：

good/well---_________---___________

bad/badly/ill---_________---___________

many/much---_________---___________

little---_________---___________

far---_________---___________/---_________---___________

old---_________---___________/---_________---___________

写出下列形容词副词的比较级最高级

important__________________ easy__________________ happy__________________ thin__________________ good__________________hot______________________ easily__________________ many__________________ nice___________________ delicious__________________few __________________ little__________________

2.形容词和副词原级的用法

①肯定：_________________ “…和…一样”

(相当于：the same+n. as与……一个样)

You are as _______ as me.你和我一样高。

He has as _________books as I (have=do).他的书和我的书一样多。

②否定_________________________“…不如…”

（相当于：…less +原级+ than…“……不如/没有……”）

His jacket ______ _____ _____ ______ that one.这件夹克衫没有那件便宜。

She _______ ________ ________ _________ books as I have.

I don’t run so fast as you.

I run ______ _______ ______ you.

He doesn’t play the violin so ______ as his father.A.good B.better C.well D.best

③twice/数词times +as 原级as“是……的几倍”

这个房间是我的房间的两倍。The room is ______ as _____ as mine=(my room).

你的苹果是我的苹果的四倍。________________________________.

④very/quite/so /as/too/really+原级

3.比较级基本句型：

①…比较级+ than …“……比……更……”(than后加名词，代词或者句子)

This cake is _________________ （味更美）that one.

Li Lei sings ___________（比…更好）Jim.

He is two years _________(比…更大）me .

②“Which / Who is + 比较级， A or B？”

e.g. Which T-shirt is nicer, this one or that one?

③the+比较级+of the（two ）: 两者中较…的一个

Of the twins, she was______ ________hard-working .

④比较级＋and＋比较级“越来越……“

或more and more+原级“越来越……”e.g. They talked ______ ____ _______ loudly. 越来越大________________ 越来越好________________ 越来越多________________ 越来越少________________越来越坏________________越来越漂亮________________ 越来越有趣________________ 越来越有用________________

⑤The比较级…,the＋比较级…“越…就越…”

The _______________ (exercise) you do, the ___________(strong) you’ll be.

⑥比较级常与much, even, far, than, a little, a bit, a lot 等连用.

（注意：）

①常用_______代单数可数名词,

____________代替复数名词,

__________代替不可数名词/可数名词单数.

e.g. The book here is newer than ______ ________ on the desk．

The apples on the tree are fresher than ________ in the box.

The weather in Wuhan is hotter than________ in Beijing.

②必须是同类事物之间的比较。

My house is much cleaner than _______.（=____ ______)

Peter is tall than Mike.

He speak English better than I(do).

He speak English better than me.(习惯用法)

③比较级前可用“数词+名词”表示确定的度量。

e.g. I am (5 years) older than him．The room is (3 times) as large as that one.

单词讲解

We ________ girls. A.are both B.. both are

We ________ apples. A. both like B. likeboth

考点二：both... and..."…和…两个都"、、"既…又…"连接两个主语时谓语用___数。

Both she and I ______ going to do the cleaning. A.am B.is C.are D.be

2.aloud, loud ,loudly 辨析

① aloud 强调发出的声音能被听见，意思为“出声地”或“大声地”，

常用read ，call 等动词连用。例如：Please read the text aloud.

② loud 意为“响亮地”、“大声”或“高声地”，侧重发出的音量大，传得远，

常用speak ，talk ，laugh 等动词。loud 还可用作形容词。例如：

Speak ________, please, or no one will hear you. 请大声些，否则没人能听见。

③ loudly 意为“响亮地”，常与ring ，knock 等动词连用。

loudly 放在动词前后均可，含有“喧闹”或“嘈杂”的意味。例如：

Suddenly the bell on the wall rang loudly. 突然，墙上的铃大声地响起来。

3.which“_______”,指_______.(人/物)