主题句的位置及其扩展范例

写好主题句的方法 4、关键词是直接表达主题的词汇，它决定段 落的内容和展开的方法，引导整个段落的发 展，例如： There are several ways to boil the water. The task can be finished in three steps. There is a new method to reduce the cost
英语主题句的位置及其扩展范例
广东省教育研究院 黄自成

主题句：为一个完整的句子，用以概括、叙述和 说明该段的主题。主题句一般位于段首，也可置于 段尾或段中 。
无论是中文还是英语抑或其他语言，我们知道 写文章势必要有一个中心思想，而每个段落只能有 一个主题（central idea），它用一个句子加以表 达，就是主题句。几个主题句的精彩写作不仅会让 文章条理分明，更能够很好的诠释文章主题思想， 可谓是文章的架构灵魂，所以，写好主题句对一篇 文章的好坏有着至关重要的作用。
写好主题句的方法 3、主题句应该做到句子完整和表达的主题思 想完整： 不完整：How to write a composition. 完整：How to write a composition is not an easy thing to talk about. 不完整：If the weather had been fine. 完整：If it had been fine, we would have had a good time.

2、尽量使用简单句或简洁明了的句子，例如：： 简洁：Collecting stamps is her hobby. 复杂: She likes collecting stamps which is her hobby. 简洁: I enjoyed watching Gone with the wind very much.
Smoking cigarettes is harmful to your health. Experiments show that cigarette smoking can cause cancer. Besides the most serious and terrible disease(illness), cancer, cigarette smoking also can cause other health problems. For example, it can give one a “smoker’s cough”. Finally, studies have shown it is easy for cigarette smokers to catch colds. Whether you get an unimportant cold or terrible killer, cancer, smoking is harmful. Is it worth it?
倒三角形写作法：即主题句出现在文尾。在表述细节后，归纳要点、印象、结论、 建议或结果，以概括主题。这是英语中最常见的归纳法写作方式。
When we watch a person walk away from us, his image shrinks in size. But since we know that he is not shrinking, we make an unconscious correcting and “see” him as retaining his true stature. Past experience tells us what his true stature is with respect to our own. Any sane and dependable expectation of the future requires that he has the same stature when we next encounter him. Our perception is thus a prediction; it embraces the past and the future as well as the present.
菱形写作法：即主题句出现在文章的中间，通常前面只提出问题，文中的主题由随 之陈述的细节或合乎逻辑的引申在文中导出，而后又作进一步的解释、支撑或发展。
In 2099 you will sleep later because your job will start later in the morning. Besides, machines will do most of your routine work for you. Also, you will travel to work on a moving sidewalk. Furthermore, you will talk to friends on a picture phone. Finally, you will take longer vacations in more distant places since transportation will be so much faster and cheaper. What does the passage mainly tells us? A. In 2099 you will go to work later in the morning. B. In 2099 machines will do most of your work. C. In 2099 your life will be quite different. D. In 2099 faster transportation will make traveling easier.

写好主题句的方法 1、主题句要概括一定内容，不要空泛，否则扩展句 将难以说明和支持它，例如： 空泛：English language is very important. 概括：English language is very important in our daily life. 空泛：The Olympic Games are exciting. 概括：In the Olympic Games the football teams from many countries compete intensely.
倒三角形写作法：即主题句出现在文尾。在表述细节后，归纳要点、印象、结论、 建议或结果，以概括主题。这是英语中最常见的归纳法写作方式。
Good manners are important in all countries, but ways of expressing good manners are different from country to country. Americans eat with knives and forks; Japanese eat with chopsticks. Americans say “Hi” when they meet; Japanese bow. Many American men open doors for women; Japanese men do not. On the surface, it appears that good manners in America are not good manners in Japan, and in a way this is true. But in any country, the only manners that are important are those involving one person’s behavior toward another person. In all countries it is good manners to behave considerately toward others and bad manners not to. It is only the way of behaving politely that differs from country to country. 圆形写作法：即首尾呼应的写作方法。突出主题，作者先提出主题，结
在文章的中间，通常前面只提出问题，文中的主题由随之陈述的细节或合乎逻辑的引
You dream each night, even though you may not remember your dreams. While you dream your eyes move and your heart beats faster. Even your brain-wave pattern changes. Some scientists think that dreaming is important for the sake of health. They claim that without dream, people would go crazy. Q: What does the passage mainly tells? A. How people stay healthy B. Why sleep is necessary C. Why dreams are important D. When people remember their dreams
尾时再次点出主题，这种首尾呼应的写作方式也较为多见。通常，前后表述主题的句 子不是简单的重复，后面的表述往往有进一步的引申或发展的意味。
ቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱ
Shortly after the war ended, Lincoln was shot while attending a play in a Washington theater. He died within a few hours. The uncontrolled emotional reaction of the nation to his death was almost unbelievable and demonstrated the deep esteem in which he was held. Newspapers were edged with black; religious leaders gave praise of Lincoln instead of their prepared sermons. His funeral procession in Washington was miles long. Lincoln’s body was taken by train back to his former home in Spring Field, Illinois, but in all the major cities through which the train passed, the coffin was paraded through streets lined with sorrowful thousands. In the small towns through which the train passed, bells rang in honor of the dead President. Citizens lit torches along the railroad track to show their last respects.菱形写作法：即主题句出现