检验专业英语-1(20180903)

Symptoms include hyperventilation, coughing, dysphonia (发声困难), anorexia (厌食), chest pain and increased susceptibility to tuberculosis（结核）
在很多国家，对大多数医学样本进行分析的实验室主要有 两种类型。附属于医院的医院实验室对患者的样本进行分 析。私立实验室（或社区实验室）接受来自全科医生、保 险公司、临床研究机构和其他健康诊所的标本进行分析。
Section.1
Laboratory medicine is generally divided into two sections, and each of which is further divided into a number of units. These two sections are anatomic pathology and clinical pathology. Anatomic pathology (the first) includes histopathology, cytopathology and microscopy. Clinical pathology(the latter) includes clinical microbiology, hematology, clinical chemistry, genetics and reproduction biology.
举例
People use gas chromatography [, krɔmə'tɔgrəfi] in many different fields.
Gas chromatography is used in many different fields. 被动语态 清晰、准确、精练、严密
例句2
这种方法的缺点是不敏感。 The disadvantage of the method is not
特点： 严谨周密，概念准确， 逻辑性强，行文简练， 重点突出，句式严整， 常用前置性陈述句或者被动语态。
大量使用陈述句
专业科技文章一般以事实、原理方法等的描述说明 为主要对象，因此陈述句使用较多。
However，it has been shown that for a number of drugs, there is direct relationship between the plasma drug concentration and the drug concentration in the target tissue.
Special Eniglish in Technology of Laboratory Medicine
Objective Methods Results
Objective
Study
Graduate
Objective
Work
Objective
Communication
But……
Let us look at the facts……
How to study ?
Listen to carefully in the classroom 仔细听，多参与（speaking）
Reading，writing and listening（text、paper and abstract) 多阅读、多听和多写
Recollect in your free time 常记忆
Basic elements of medical words
Most medical words are made from a combination of the following elements: the part of the word that we shall call the base (root /stem) because it contains the most fundamental meaning of that word, prefixes and suffixes, and vowels (o/a) that join all these parts.
Lesson 1 Laboratory Medicine Section 1: Clinical Laboratory
Section.1
A laboratory(lab) is a facility that provide controlled conditions in which scientific research, experiments, and measurement may be performed. In accord with the clinical laboratory improvement amendments(CLIA), the CLIA program sets standards and issues certificates for clinical laboratory testing.
to have sensitive skin;
The disadvantage of the method is being not sensitive.
时态运用单一
英语有16种时态，但在专业英语中一般以 过去时、将来时、现在时为主，偶尔会用 到完成时。
教学要求
1. 掌握一定的医学与检验专业词汇 2. 培养专业英语的阅读能力 3. 培养专业英语的写作能力
Note in detail as possible as you can 勤笔记
Listening – Discovery channel – Science news, www.putclub.com/
Speaking and Talking – Make a presentation/speech – Communicate with others or interview
how are you ? how old are you? 怎么是你，怎么老是你？ you have seed ，I will give you some
color to see see 你有种，我要给你点颜色看看 horse horse tiger tiger 马马虎虎
一、专业英语的文体特点
检验医学一般分成两个部分，这两部分进一步被分为许多单 元。这两部分就是解剖病理学和临床病理学。解剖病理学包 括组织病理学、细胞病理学和显微镜检查。临床病理学包括 临床微生物学、血液学、临床化学、遗传学和生殖学。
Medical terms
Ana-tomic Path-ology Histo-pathology Cyto-pathology Micro-biology
"He will arrive after one hour".
Again, I understand, but a native speaker would never say that.
我吃过了。 I eat already. English: I have eaten.
例句若干……
Breaking down Medical Terms
Medical words can be broken down into parts:
myocardical
Prefix muscle
Root heart
Suffix Pertaining to
The prefix or suffix is a syllable or only a few letters, added to the root term that will alter its meaning.
ENTER or ENTRANCE?
ENTRY
Chi-glish 2
B Ultrasonic
戴维斯医学中心的指示牌
关于Chinglish与Subchinglish
概念/定义
受中文句式的束缚，用汉语思维造出 来的虽符合英语文法，但不合逻辑、英语 表达习惯或表达欠佳的句子，就是中式英 语，即所谓的 Chinglish；明显违反逻辑 或连语法都有问题的句子，称为
CLIA明确了临床实验室是来源于人体的标本进行实验室检 验的机构，其目的是（1）为疾病或损伤的诊断、预防或治 疗，以及（2）健康评估提供相关的检验信息。CLIA的目的 就是确保检验结果的准确性、可靠性和及时性，而不考虑 检验进行的地点。
Section.1源自文库
In many countries, there are two main types of labs that process the majority of medical specimens. Hospital laboratories are attached to a hospital, and perform tests on patients. Private(or community) laboratories receive samples from general practitioners, insurance companies, clinical research sites and other health clinics for analysis.
sensitive. “缺点”本身无敏感性可言，主表搭配不合逻辑
The disadvantage of the method is its insensitivity. （有sensitive method）
我们可以说“他的皮肤不敏感。” His skin is not sensitive to …./
实验室是提供控制条件进行科学研究、实验和测量的机构 。按照临床实验室改进修正案（CLIA），CLIA纲要为临床 实验室检验设定标准并颁发证书。
Para.1
CLIA defines a clinical laboratoy as any facility which performs laboratory testing on specimens derived from humans for the purpose of providing information （1） for the diagnosis, prevention or treatment of disease or impairment, and （2） for the assessment of health. An objective of CLIA is to ensure the accuracy, reliability and timeless of test results regardless of where the test was performed.
Pneumonoultramicroscopicsilicovolcanoconiosis
(45 letters)
Pneumono-ultra-microscopic-silico-volcano-coniosis
肺的
超显微的
硅/矽
火山
粉尘病
It develops only after years of exposure to low levels of silica dust. [医]硅酸盐沉着病,矽肺病
Subchinglish。
国外友人对中式英语的友善评价
Sentences that indicate the time something will occur are almost never correctly phrased by Chinese people.
The most common statement is,
Reading – Science news and papers from website NCBI – (http://www.nature.com e.g.) and special journal
Writing – thesis or papers, e-mail
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/