2017年高考英语二轮复习 核心考点总动员 专题35 阅读理解之作者的写作意图(含解析)
高考英语总复习(专题攻略)之阅读理解解题技巧之主旨大意
高考英语阅读理解解题技巧之主旨大意高考阅读理解对文章主旨大意进展命题,旨在考察考生通过对原文快速浏览正确获取语篇大意,并对文章主题、标题、段落、中心思想加以归纳理解以及区分主要信息与次要信息能力。
要求考生在阅读短文时,能够提炼文章中心情节,体会作者主要意图,充分运用逻辑概括能力,透过字里行间获取文章最具代表性观点、中心论点及作者情感倾向。
在高考阅读理解中,针对短文主旨常见命题形式如下:(1) What would be the best title for the text /What is the topic of the text(2) The main topic / subject of the passage is _________.(3) The main idea/ The general idea is/ The main theme of this passage is…(4) The last paragraph ends the passage with an emphasis on _________.(5) What is mainly discussed in the text(6) What is the main idea of the passage(7) What’s the main point the writer is trying to make in the last paragraph(8) The purpose of this passage is.(9) Which of the following statements is best supported by the text(10) Which of the following best summarized the passage(11) The passage mainly focuses on.从上述命题形式可以看出,此类阅读测试题主要可概括为两大类,即怎样理解段落及文章整体中心思想与怎样拟定或选择恰当标题。
专题35 阅读理解之作者的写作意图-2017年高考二轮核心考点英语(附解析)$777814
专题35 阅读理解之作者的写作意图关键词:阅读理解,写作意图,上下文推理,语境难度系数:✱✱✱✱推荐指数:✱✱✱✱✱【基础回顾】考点归纳:理解作者的意图、观点和态度每篇文章都有一个特定的写作目的,或是向读者传递某个信息,或是愉悦读者,或是讲授某个道理。
而这些信息通常并不是明确表达出来,而是隐含在文章之中。
因此,这类问题要求考生在理解文章总体内容的基础上,去领会作者的言外之意。
基础必读:写作意图题是指作者通过文章想达到什么样的目的,可以说,每个人写文章都有他的用意:根据文章的论述,推断作者的写作目的以及作者情感态度。
要求考生分析作者运用某一写作手法的目的。
常见的提问方式有:(1)What was Mrs Smith's attitude to the author at the end of the story?(2)The writer uses ... to(show that) ________.(3)By quoting ..., the author intends to ________.(4)By telling the story of ..., the author intends to ________.(5)The story of ... is used to ________.(6)What would the author most likely continue to talk about in the next paragraph(s)?(7)The purpose of the writer to write the passage is __________.作者运用某种写作手法的目的或是要引出主题、突出主题,或是要吸引读者关注主题,或是要把主题说明得更清楚。
常用的写作手法的目的有:(1)开头提出问题——让读者关注主题。
(2)简介相关事物——引出主题。
(3)列举具体事例——说明主题。
高考英语二轮复习 核心考点总动员 阅读理解之细节理解高三全册英语试题
语鹅市安置阳光实验学校专题 32 阅读理解之细节理解阅读理解,细节,按图索骥,语境难度系数:✱✱✱✱推荐指数:✱✱✱✱✱【基础回顾】考点归纳:理解文中具体信息(细节理解)基础必读:文章细节的理解可以细化为:(1)一一对应型。
答案与题目在表达形式和意义上直接吻合,一一对应,一目了然。
属于浅层次的阅读试题,分数比例较少。
(2)语言转述型。
这是一类间接事实细节题,答案与题目在意义上从分运用了词义之间的转述关系,即正确选项是原文有关词语和句子的另类表达。
属于中档难度题,分数比例较大。
(3)语意理解型。
这是一类深层事实细节理解题,答案与题目之间存在着一定的逻辑联系,这种联系需要建立在事实的基础上通过上、下文来进行判断、分析、归纳和整合,才能得出正确答案。
属于较高难度的事实细节题。
(4)是非辨别型。
这是一类综合事实细节题,出题形式常常是“三正一误”(三项正确,只有一项不符合原文内容)或“三误一正”(三项错误,只有一项符合原文内容)。
(5)事实排序型。
这是一类运用多项事实进行排序的事实细节题,要求根据动作发生的先后顺序、时间顺序或者句子之间的逻辑关系,找出时间发生,发展的正确顺序。
细节理解题主要设问的方式有:(1)Which of the following statements is True (Not True)?(2)Which of the questions has not been mentioned (or discussed) in the passage?(3)What is the reason that …?(4)What do we know about…?(5)How did the people know …?(6)Why was … so important to …?【技能方法】(1)细心审题,直接就题找答案。
解答此类试题时,不必通篇细看原文,而应采取“带着问题找答案”的方法,先从问题中抓住关键性词语(题眼),然后以此为线索,运用略读及查读的技巧快速在文章中寻找与此问题相关的:段落、语句,仔细品味,对照比较,确定答案。
高考英语总复习之主旨大意
专题18 主旨大意题考纲展示命题探究1 命题方式的特点主旨大意题在阅读理解试题中所占比例及难度都相当大。
主旨大意是作者在文章中要表达的主要内容,是全文的核心,是作者在文章中努力通过各种细节信息来阐明的中心话题。
把握主旨大意对正确理解全文具有重要意义。
主旨大意题旨在考查考生对文章主旨大意的理解和概括能力。
考题中往往出现下列词语:subject,topic,theme,title,main idea等。
主旨大意题的设问特点可以大致归纳为以下两个:(1)就全文或某段的中心思想或主题提问。
(2)就文章的标题提问。
2 主旨大意类题目常见的设问方式(1)The main idea/purpose/The general idea/The key point/The central thought of the passage is________.(2)The best title/headline for this passage is________.(3)The topic/subject discussed in this passage is________.(4)The passage is mainly about/deals mainly with/is primarily concerned with________.(5)From the passage we can learn/conclude that________.(6)What's the main idea of the first/second/last paragraph?(7)Which of the following statements is the best title of this passage?(8)Which sentence best states the theme of the passage?(9)The writer's purpose in writing this story is________.(10)The passage discussed...in order to________.3 选项特点(1)正确选项的特点①通常不含细节信息和表示绝对意义的词。
(英语)高考英语二轮复习专项训练阅读理解(人物故事)及解析
(英语)高考英语二轮复习专项训练阅读理解(人物故事)及解析(英语)高考英语二轮复习专项训练阅读理解(人物故事)及解析一、高中英语阅读理解人物故事类1.阅读理解In the nineteenth century, one of America's greatest writers, Walt Whitman, helped people learn to value poetry. Whitman created a new kind of poetry.Walt Whitman was born in eighteen nineteen in New York City. During his long life, he watched America grow from a young nation to the strongest industrial power in the world. As a young man, Whitman worked as a school teacher, a printer and a newspaper reporter. He was thirty-six years old when he published his first book of poetry in eighteen fifty-five. He called it Leaves of Grass. It had only twelve poems. The poems are written in free verse. The lines do not follow any set form. Some lines are short. Some are long. The words at the end of each line do not have a similar sound. They do not rhyme.One of America's greatest thinkers and writers immediately recognized the importance of Leaves of Grass. Ralph Waldo Emerson praised Whitman's work. But most other poets and writers said nothing and even denounced it. Most readers also rejected Whitman's poems. The new form of his poetry surprised many people. Even his own brother told Whitman that he should stop writing poetry. But Whitman had many things to say. And he continued to say them. Readers began to understand that America had a great new poetic voice.Walt Whitman's poems praise the United States and its democracy. The poet expressed his love for America and itspeople in many ways. Experts today praise Leaves of Grass as a major literary work. In eighteen seventy-three, Walt Whitman suffered a stroke. He spent the last years of his life in Camden, New Jersey. Whitman was poor and weak during the last years of his life. He died in eighteen ninety-two. Some critics say Walt Whitman was a spokesman for democracy. Others say he was not a spokesman for anything. Instead, they simply call him a great poet.(1)What can we know about Whitman?A. His poems have the same rhyme.B. He is the first great poet in the USAC. He helped people to create new poems.D. His poems show his love for his country.(2)Why was Leaves of Grass refused at first?A. The poems are quite short.B. The form of poetry is special.C. Whitman wasn't famous then.D. There are only 12 poems in it.(3)What does the underlined word "denounced" in Paragraph 3 most probably mean?A. Accused.B. Downloaded.C. Published.D. Translated.(4)What can be a suitable title for the text?A. Walt Whitman—a Great SoldierB. Walt Whitman—an Unfortunate PoetC. Walt Whitman and Leaves of GrassD. The First and Greatest Poet in America【答案】(1)D(2)B(3)A(4)C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇人物介绍,介绍了美国著名的诗人Walt Whitman以及他的代表作《草叶集》。
2017年高考英语二轮复习 核心考点总动员 专题37 阅读理解之主旨要义(含解析)
专题 37 阅读理解之主旨要义关键词:阅读理解,主旨要义,上下文推理,语境难度系数:✱✱✱✱推荐指数:✱✱✱✱✱【基础回顾】考点归纳:理解主旨和要义任何一篇文拿都会有一个主旨要义。
有时从文章的第一个段落,甚至第一个句子即可得出文章的主旨要义,从这一段或这个句子读者会知道文章描述的是谁或什么(即文章的主题),亦会了解作者希望读者了解主题方面的哪些内容。
有时,文章的主旨要义则需从文章的字里行间进行推断。
这类试题主要考查考生略读文章、领会大意的能力,它对考生的归纳、概括能力有一定的要求。
基础必读:每篇文章都会有一个主旨要义。
主旨要义型题范围一般包括:短文标题、主题大意或段落大意等。
此题型要求考生在理解文章后归纳文章要点,概括中心思想。
考生需要分析文章的篇章结构,抓住文章的开头或结尾,从而找出能概括文章的主题句。
主题句的特点:(1)语言特点:归纳性、概括性、抽象性;(2)位置特点:主题句常出现在“总结性”语言的“信号词”后,如:in summary, in a word, as a result, finally, in short, in conclusion 和in brief等;主题句常出现在“转移话题式”语言的“信号词”后,如:but, however, nevertheless,Hence等。
标题的语言特点:独特新颖、概括性强、短小精炼。
主旨大意主要的设题方式有:(1)Which of the following best gives the main idea of this newspaper article? (2)The best headline for this newspaper article is ____.(3)What is the topic of the text?(4)The text is mainly about ______(5)What's the main point the writer is trying to make in the last paragraph?(6)What would be the best title for the text?【技能方法】主旨大意主要的解题策略有:(1)标题类。
17高考英语第二轮热点专题复习阅读理解 (1)17
高考英语第二轮热点专题复习——阅读理解(附参考答案)考情动态分析多年来阅读理解一直是高考英语测试的重头戏。
近几年的高考考试说明反复强调:阅渎是我国学生接触英语的最主要途径,也是高中外语教学的重点,在试卷设计和试题难度方面应该予以重视。
这一观点在近几年的高考试题中得到了充分的体现。
全卷l 50分,阅读理解占40分,更何况其他题型如完形填空、短文改错甚至单项选择等都是对阅读理解能力的间接考查。
没有人会怀疑今后相当长的时间内阅读理解能力仍将是高考考查的重点。
可以毫不夸张地说,做好阅读理解题,是获得高考英语高分的关键!1.高考对阅读理解的要求(1)《考试大纲》对阅读理解的要求:要求考生能读懂一般性话题的简短文字材料,例如公告、说明、广告以及书、报、杂志中的简短文章。
考生应能:①理解主旨大意;②寻找具体信息;③识别不同文体特征;④根据上下文提供的语境推测生词词义;⑤作出简单的判断和推理;⑥理解文章的基本逻辑结构;⑦把握作者的意图和态度;⑧理解文章的文化信息。
(2)《新课程标准》对阅读理解的目标要求:《新课程标准》在语言技能部分中对“读”的八级目标是这样要求的:①能识别不同文体的特征;②能通过分析句子结构理解难句和长旬;③能理解阅读材料中不同的观点和态度;④能根据学习任务的需要从多种媒体中获取信息并进行加工处理;⑤能在教师的帮助下欣赏浅显的英语文学作品;⑥除教材外,课外阅读量应累计达到30万词以上。
2.近几年高考阅读理解的题型设置、命题特点及预测(1)题型设置阅读理解是历年高考英语的必考题型,在整个试卷中占的分值最大。
一般是4~5篇短文,共20小题,每小题2分,满分40分。
阅读理解的主要考查题型有:①细节理解:主要考查对支持文章主题细节的理解,以考查考生准确理解细节的能力。
一篇文章必须通过许多细节的信息来解释或表达主题,体现主题思想。
弄懂这些细节对于理解全文的作用是不容忽视的。
因此要在阅读时准确把握所提供的信息。
2017年高考英语二轮复习核心考点总动员专题32阅读理解之细节理解含解析
专题 32阅读理解之细节理解关键词:阅读理解,细节,按图索骥,语境难度系数:✱✱✱✱推荐指数:✱✱✱✱✱【基础回顾】考点归纳:理解文中具体信息(细节理解)文章主题和中心思想的阐述往往需要大量细节信息的支持,这些细节对于理解全文内容至关重要,同时也是归纳和概括文章中心思想的基础。
命题人员往往会要求考生根据不同的要求,阅读文章以获得某些特定的信息或准确地寻求所需的细节。
这类试题有时比较直接,理解字面意思即可答题;有时则较为间接,需要归纳、概括和推理才能答题。
基础必读:文章细节的理解可以细化为:(1)一一对应型。
答案与题目在表达形式和意义上直接吻合,一一对应,一目了然。
属于浅层次的阅读试题,分数比例较少。
(2)语言转述型。
这是一类间接事实细节题,答案与题目在意义上从分运用了词义之间的转述关系,即正确选项是原文有关词语和句子的另类表达。
属于中档难度题,分数比例较大。
(3)语意理解型。
这是一类深层事实细节理解题,答案与题目之间存在着一定的逻辑联系,这种联系需要建立在事实的基础上通过上、下文来进行判断、分析、归纳和整合,才能得出正确答案。
属于较高难度的事实细节题。
(4)是非辨别型。
这是一类综合事实细节题,出题形式常常是“三正一误”(三项正确,只有一项不符合原文内容)或“三误一正”(三项错误,只有一项符合原文内容)。
(5)事实排序型。
这是一类运用多项事实进行排序的事实细节题,要求根据动作发生的先后顺序、时间顺序或者句子之间的逻辑关系,找出时间发生,发展的正确顺序。
细节理解题主要设问的方式有:(1)Which of the following statements is True (Not True)?(2)Which of the questions has not been mentioned (or discussed) in the passage?(3)What is the reason that …?(4)What do we know about…?(5)How did the people know …?(6)Why was … so important to …?【技能方法】(1)细心审题,直接就题找答案。
高考英语2017年全国II卷 阅读理解真题详解(全文翻译,共11页)
高考英语2017年全国II卷阅读理解真题解析(全文翻译,共11页)AIn the coming months, we are bringing together artists form all over the globe, to enjoy speaking Shakespeare’s plays in their own language, in our Globe, within the architecture Shakespeare wrote for. Please come and join us.在接下来的几个月里,我们将汇集全球各地的艺术家,在我们的环球剧院,在莎士比亚为之创作的建筑中,享受用他们自己的语言来讲述莎士比亚的戏剧。
欢迎来加入我们。
词汇:globe n. 地球;世界Globe Globe Theatre环球剧院architecture n. 建筑设计;建筑风格National Theatre of China Beijing | ChineseThis great occasion(盛会) will be the National Theatre of China’s first visit to the UK. The company’s productions show the new face of 21st century Chinese theatre. This production of Shakespeare’s Richard III will be directed by the National’s Associate Director,Wang Xiaoying.Date & Time : Saturday 28 April, 2.30pm & Sunday 29 April,1.30pm & 6.30pm中国国家剧院北京| 汉语这个伟大的盛会将是中国首次访问英国的国家剧院。
高考英语二轮考点复习讲义阅读理解主旨大意题解题指导.doc
2013高考英语二轮考点复习讲义:阅读理解主旨大意题解题指导庖丁解牛]在高考阅读理解中,主题大意题的考查占有十分重要的位苴。
掌握所读材料的主旨和大意也杲《英语课程标准》和《考试说明》对若生的基本要求之一。
只有通过阅读拿握了文章的主题,才能正确理解文章,进而根据文章的事实细节推测作者的态度和观点。
主旨大意题旨在考杳考生把握全文主题和理解中心思想的能力,亦即考杳考生的归纳概括能力。
这类试题包括要求若生选出短文的标题[title headlixj、短文或段落的主题fsubiect)、中心思想(main idea〕等。
它要求考生在理解全文的基础上能较好地运用概括、判断、归纳、推理等逻辑思维的方法,对文章进行高度的概括或总结,属于高层次题。
例1 (2012全国卷I)Honeyfrom the African forest is not only a kind of na?.iral sugar: k is also dejcious. Most people, and many animals, like eating it However: the only way for them to get that honey is to find a wild bees* nest(M)aiid take the honey from it Often, these nests ai e high up in trees: and it is difficult to find them. In parts of Africa, though, people and animals unexpected helper — a little bird called a honey guide.The honey guide does not actually 1 ike honey, but it does 1 ike the wax(蜂蜡)in the beehives (蜂房).The little bird cannot reach this max, which is deep inside the bee' s nest・ So, when it finds a suitable nest, it looks for someone to help it. The honey guide gives a loud cry that attracts the attcntion of both passing animals and people. Once it has their 3ttenlion, it flies through the forest, waiting from time to time for the curious animal or person ad it leads them to the nest. When they final ly arrive at the nest, the follower reaches in to get at the delicious honey as the bird patiently waits and watches・ Some of the honey, and the wax, always falls to the ground, and this is when the honey guide takes its share.Scientists do not know why the honey guide likes eating the wax, but it is very determined in its efforts to get it. The birds seem to be able to smell wax from a long distanee away. They will quickly arrive whenever a beekeeper is taking honey from his beehives, and will even enter churches when beeswax candles are being lit. 59. What can be the best title for the text?A.Wild BeesB.Wax and HoneyC.Beekeeping in Africa D・ Honey-LoveF s Helper[点拨]D短文谈的是可以帮助寻蜜者寻找蜂蜜的鸟类,最佳标题M该是D选项。
2017高考英语二轮复习课件:阅读理解 精品
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揭秘命题规律 明确考纲要求 破解满分解囊
2016年10月浙江高考阅读理解主要有细节理解、主旨大意、推 理判断、词义猜测四种题型。其命题特点如下:
(1)体裁多样,有记叙文、说明文和议论文。 (2)话题贴近学生生活,有时代感。如:数码技术。 (3)篇幅3篇,文长适当。 (4)仍以细节题和推理判断题为主。
员工足够灵活地有效管理自己的时间。”故C项正确。
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C
解析 答案
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真题体验 考点突破 精准特训
B (2016年6月浙江高考,A)
“Did you hear what happened to Adam last Friday?”Lindsey
whispers to Tori.
解析 答案
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真题体验 考点突破 精准特训
2.What seems to be most workers’ attitude toward remote working?
A.Doubtful. B.Favorable.
C.Reserved. D.Disapproving.
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观点态度题。根据第三段中“working at home makes people much more
efficient(高效的)...”可知,员工是持赞同态度的,故选B项。
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B
解析 答案
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真题体验 考点突破 精准特训
3.What does the author suggest smart firms do?
2017年高考英语二轮复习 核心考点总动员 专题38 阅读填空(一)(含解析)
专题 38 阅读填空(一)关键词:阅读理解,推理,词汇复现,逻辑,语境难度系数:✱✱✱✱推荐指数:✱✱✱✱✱【基础回顾】考点归纳:“七选五”型阅读理解题,试题模式为:给出一篇缺少五个句子的文章,对应有七个选项,要求同学们根据文章结构、内容,选出正确的句子,填入相应的空白处。
《考试说明》对该题型命题目的的表述为“主要考查考生对文章的整体内容和结构以及上下文逻辑意义的理解和掌握。
”此题型文章中有5处空白,在阅读过程中,如果不明白文章的主旨和段落主题、作者的写作意图,就很难顺畅地读下去、读明白,自然就很难选出正确答案。
而一个空填错势必又影响到对另外一个空的选择。
另外,此题有5个空白处,却提供7个选项,因此有2个选项是多余的干扰选项,从而又加大了选出正确答案的难度。
该题型要求同学们从整体上把握文章的逻辑结构和内容上的联系,理解句子之间、段落之间的关系,对诸如连贯性、一致性等语段特征有较强的意识和熟练的把握。
基础必读:词汇同现型词汇同现是指属于同一词汇搭配范畴或者某一领域的词汇在文章中共同出现,达到语义衔接的目的。
一般来说,上下文中词汇的范畴越小,上下文的衔接关系越紧密。
2015·全国卷Ⅰ]· 39.________ If you've been betrayed, you are the victim of your circumstance. But there's a difference between being a victim and living with a “victim mentality”. At some point in all of our lives, we'll have our trust tested or violated.· You didn't lose “everything”. Once trust is lost, what is left? Instead of looking at the situation from this hopeless angle, look at everything you still have and be thankful for all of the good in your life. 40.________ Instead, it's a healthy way to work through the experience to allow room for positive growth andforgiveness.C.Stop regarding yourself as the victim.G.Seeing the positive side of things doesn't mean you're ignoring what happened.【解析】39.C 根据后句“If you've been betrayed, you are th e victim of your circumstance.”可知此段主要讲述不要一直认为自己是受害者。
专题35阅读理解之作者的写作意图2017年高考二轮核心考点英语(附解析)
专题35 阅读理解之作者的写作意图关键词:阅读理解,写作意图,上下文推理,语境难度系数:✱✱✱✱推荐指数:✱✱✱✱✱【基础回顾】考点归纳:理解作者的意图、观点和态度每篇文章都有一个特定的写作目的,或是向读者传递某个信息,或是愉悦读者,或是讲授某个道理。
而这些信息通常并不是明确表达出来,而是隐含在文章之中。
因此,这类问题要求考生在理解文章总体内容的基础上,去领会作者的言外之意。
基础必读:写作意图题是指作者通过文章想达到什么样的目的,可以说,每个人写文章都有他的用意:根据文章的论述,推断作者的写作目的以及作者情感态度。
要求考生分析作者运用某一写作手法的目的。
常见的提问方式有:(1)What was Mrs Smith's attitude to the author at the end of the story?(2)The writer uses ... to(show that) ________.(3)By quoting ..., the author intends to ________.(4)By telling the story of ..., the author intends to ________.(5)The story of ... is used to ________.(6)What would the author most likely continue to talk about in the next paragraph(s)?(7)The purpose of the writer to write the passage is __________.作者运用某种写作手法的目的或是要引出主题、突出主题,或是要吸引读者关注主题,或是要把主题说明得更清楚。
常用的写作手法的目的有:(1)开头提出问题——让读者关注主题。
(2)简介相关事物——引出主题。
(3)列举具体事例——说明主题。
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专题 35 阅读理解之作者的写作意图关键词:阅读理解,写作意图,上下文推理,语境难度系数:✱✱✱✱推荐指数:✱✱✱✱✱【基础回顾】考点归纳:理解作者的意图、观点和态度每篇文章都有一个特定的写作目的,或是向读者传递某个信息,或是愉悦读者,或是讲授某个道理。
而这些信息通常并不是明确表达出来,而是隐含在文章之中。
因此,这类问题要求考生在理解文章总体内容的基础上,去领会作者的言外之意。
基础必读:写作意图题是指作者通过文章想达到什么样的目的,可以说,每个人写文章都有他的用意:根据文章的论述,推断作者的写作目的以及作者情感态度。
要求考生分析作者运用某一写作手法的目的。
常见的提问方式有:(1)What was Mrs Smith's attitude to the author at the end of the story?(2)The writer uses ... to(show that) ________.(3)By quoting ..., the author intends to ________.(4)By telling the story of ..., the author intends to ________.(5)The story of ... is used to ________.(6)What would the author most likely continue to talk about in the next paragraph(s)? (7)The purpose of the writer to write the passage is __________.作者运用某种写作手法的目的或是要引出主题、突出主题,或是要吸引读者关注主题,或是要把主题说明得更清楚。
常用的写作手法的目的有:(1)开头提出问题——让读者关注主题。
(2)简介相关事物——引出主题。
(3)列举具体事例——说明主题。
(4)运用比拟或比喻——让读者容易理解抽象或陌生的事物。
(5)引语——说明或论证某个观点,或使自己的观点更有说服力。
无论哪种手法,也不管出于何种目的,都必定与主题相关,为主题服务。
推断写作目的的两条思路题目要求考生推断作者写文章的目的,题干中常有purpose,或后面需接表示目的的动词不定式intend to, mean to, in order to等。
推断作者写文章的目的有两大思路,解题时要综合考虑:1. 主旨推断法。
写作意图与文章主旨密切相关,因此,解答这类题跟解答主旨大意题和选择文章标题一样,用略读法,即重点关注文章首尾段和各段的首尾句,找到主题句,抓住文章主旨,然后由主旨来推断作者的写作目的。
议论文、新闻报道、说明文等,其主题句多在文首。
2. 文体推断法。
作者的写作目的与文体密切相关。
(1)议论文的目的通常是说服读者接受或赞同某一观点,倡导某种做法等。
(2)说明文的目的是使读者获得某种知识,提出某种建议、劝告或呼吁,或希望引起有关部门或人士对某现象给予重视。
(3)记叙文的目的一般是分享一段有趣的经历,告诉读者一个有趣的故事,使读者获得乐趣;若是夹叙夹议的文章,则是表达作者的感悟或给读者某种教育或启示。
(4)广告是作者要推销一种产品或一种服务,因此其目的是吸引更多顾客、游客、读者、订户、观众等。
推断作者的观点态度这类试题的题干中常有the writer’s attitude toward(s), the author thought/think(s), according to the author, what does the author think about ...等。
作者的态度、倾向是指作者对陈述的观点是赞同、反对还是犹豫不定,对记叙或描写的人、物或事件等是赞颂、同情、冷漠还是厌恶、憎恨。
作者的这种思想倾向和感情色彩往往隐含在文章的字里行间,或流露于修饰的词语之中。
因此,在推断过程中,应特别注意文中作者的措辞,尤其是表达感情色彩的形容词、副词、动词及所举的例子,推断出作者的弦外之音。
干扰项具有以下三个特点:(1)可能是考生自己的某种观点。
(易误选)(2)社会普遍的一种倾向,但文中没有信息支持。
(3)与本文无关或与作者相反的观点等。
此外,还要注意区分作者态度或观点与引用的别人的态度或观点。
【技能方法】写作意图主要的解题策略有:(1)根据不同文体,推断目的意图。
不同的文章可能有不同的写作目的, 通常作者的写作目的有以下三种:1) to entertain readers(娱乐读者,让人发笑),常见于故事类的文章。
2) to persuade readers(说服读者接受某种观点)常见于广告类的文章。
3) to inform readers(告知读者某些信息)多见于科普类﹑新闻报道类﹑文化类或社会类的文章。
高考阅读试题设计到各类文章,而以议论文为主,文章的主题句、核心句往往会直接或间接地表明作者的态度立场;阅读理解中也有说明文、描述文。
前者因为其体裁的客观性,所以作者的态度也往往采取中立。
而后者因为其文章观点往往不直接提出,而且作者写作时也常带有某种倾向性,所以,阅读时要善于根据文章的文体来学会推断作者的情感态度和目的。
(2)根据用词风格,推断情感态度。
一篇好的文章,其用词风格常常直接流露或蕴含作者的内心世界和情感态度。
所以阅读时要善于捕捉表达或暗示情感态度的词句或短语,捕捉那些烘托气氛,渲染情感的词句,进而很好地洞察作者的思想倾向,是支持、反对抑或中立?对于选项而言,要分清选项中的褒义词、中性词和贬义词,以此对照全文。
如:1)表示褒义的词语:positive赞成的,supporting支持的,praising赞扬的,optimistic乐观的,admiring羡慕的,enthusiastic热情的等;2)表示中性的词语:uninterested无兴趣的,不感兴趣的; neutral中立的;impersonal不带个人感情的;subjective主观的;objective 客观的等;3)表示贬义的词语:disgusted感到恶心的,厌恶的;critical批评的;negative 否定的,反对的;suspicious怀疑的;tolerant容忍的,忍让的;worried 担忧的等。
【基础达标】HOLIDAY FUN AT THE POWERHOUSEJoin in the holiday fun at the powerhouse this month linked to our new exhibition , Evolution & Revolution : Chinese dress 1700s to now . DON’T FORGET our other special event , the Club Med Circus School which is part of the Circus ! 150 years of circus in Australia exhibition experience !◆ Chinese Folk Dancing : Colorful Chinese dance and musical performances by The Chinese Folk Dancing School of Sydney . Dances include : the Golden stick dance and the Chinese drum dance . A feature will be the Qin dynasty Emperor’s court dance . Also included is a show of face painting for Beijing opera performances .Sunday 29 June and Wednesday 2 July in the Turbine Hall , at 11:30 am & 1:30 pm.◆ Australian Chinese Children’s Arts Theatre : Well-known children’s play experts from Shanghai lead this dynamic youth group . Performances include Chinese fairy tales and plays .Thursday 3 to Sunday 6 July in the Turbine Hall , at 11:30 am & 1:30 pm . ◆ Chinese Youth League : A traditional performing arts group featuring performance highlights such as the Red scarf and Spring flower dances , and a musician playing Er Hu .Sunday 6 to Tuesday 8 July in the Turbine Hall , 11:30 am to 1:30 pm .◆ Kids Ac tivity : Make a Paper Horse : Young children make a paper horse cut-out. ( The horse is a frequent theme in Chinese painting , indicating a kind of advancement .) Suitable for ages 8-12 years .Sunday 28 June to Tuesday 8 July in the Turbine Hall , 12:00 pm to 1:00 pm .◆ Club Med Circus School : Learn circus skills , including the trapeze , trampolining and magic . Note only for children over 5 : There are 40 places available in each 1 hour session and these must be booked at the front desk , level 4 , on the day .Tuesday 1 to Saturday 5 July at 11:30 am & 1: 00 pm .Enjoy unlimited free visits and many other benefits by becoming a family member of the Powerhouse . Our family memberships cover two adults and all children under the age of 16 years at the one address . Members receive powerline , our monthly magazine , discounts in the shops and the restaurants , as well as free admission to the Museum . All this for as little as $50.00 a year ! Call (02)9217 0600 for more details .1.When can you watch the Chinese drum dance ?A. On July 2B. On July 3C. On July 6D. On July 82.To learn the magic tricks , you can go to __________ .A. Kids ActivityB. Chinese Youth LeagueC. Club Med Circus SchoolD. Children’s Arts Theatre3.What is required if you want to enjoy free visits to the Museum ?A. Calling (02)92170600B. Gaining family membershipC. Coming for the holiday funD. Paying powerline $50.00 a year4.What is the main purpose of the text ?A. To attract visitorsB. To present schedulesC. To report the performancesD. To teach kids Chinese arts1. A细节推理题。