中医名词术语标准参考
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中医名词术语标准参考
舌诊
舌诊: tongue diagnosis 望舌: inspection of tongue 舌象: tongue manifestation 舌尖: tip of the tongue 舌边: margins of the tongue 舌中;舌心: center of the tongue 舌根;舌本: root of the tongue 舌体;舌质: tongue body 舌色: tongue color 荣枯老嫩:luxuriant/ flourishing, withered, tough and tender 淡白舌: whitish tongue 淡红舌: reddish tongue 红舌: red tongue 青舌: blue tongue 紫舌: purple tongue 青紫色: bluish purple tongue 绛舌:crimson tongue 胖大舌: enlarged tongue 肿胀舌:wollen tongue 瘦薄舌: thin tongue 点刺舌:spotted tongue 芒刺舌: prickly tongue 齿痕舌:teeth-marked tongue 裂纹舌: fissured tongue 光剥舌: peeled tongue 镜面舌: mirror tongue 地图舌: geographical tongue
舌衄: spontaneous bleeding of the tongue 强硬舌:stiff tongue 萎软舌: limp wilting tongue 颤动舌:trembling tongue 歪斜舌: deviated tongue 短缩舌: contracted tongue 吐弄舌: protruded agitated tongue 舌卷: curled tongue
苔色: coating color 苔质: texture of coating 白苔: white coating 白砂苔: white sandy coating
黄苔: yellow coating 黑苔: black coating 灰苔:
gray coating 绿苔: green coating 薄苔: thin
coating 厚苔: thick coating 润苔: moist coating 燥
苔: dry coating 燥裂苔: dry and cracked coating
滑苔: slippery coating
腻苔: greasy(世中联) /slimy coating 腐苔: curdy
coating
染苔: stained coating
浮脉类(轻取即得)
浮(举之有余,按之不足) floating pulse; superficial pulse
洪(脉体阔大,充实有力,来盛去衰) surging pulse ; full and over-flowing pulse 濡(浮细无力而软) soggy pulse 散(浮取散漫而无根,伴至数或脉力不匀) scattered pulse
芤(浮大中空,如按葱管) hollow pulse;
empty pulse
革(浮而搏指,中空边坚) tympanic pulse;
drumskin pulse
沉脉类(重按始得)
沉(轻取不应,重按始得) 伏(重按推至筋骨始得)
sunken pulse ; deep
pulse hidden pulse
弱(沉细无力而软) weak pulse ;feeble pulse ; 牢(沉按实大弦长) firm pulse; hard 迟脉类(一息不足四至)
迟(一息不足四至) slow pulse; tardy pulse
moderate pulse; relaxed pulse unsmooth pulse ; uneven
pulse knotted pulse; bound pulse( irregular intermittent pulse) 数脉类(一息五至以上)
数(一息五至以上,不足七至) 疾(脉来急疾,一息七八至) rapid pulse ; quick
pulse racing pulse;
swift pulse
止无定数) irregular-rapid pulse; skipping pulse(rapid irregular
intermittent pulse)
动(脉短如豆,滑数有力) stirred pulse
虚类脉(应指无力)
脉诊
缓(一息四至,脉来怠缓) 涩(往来艰涩,迟滞不
促(数而时一止,
虚(举按无力,应指松软) 细(脉细如线,应指明显) 微(极细极软,似有似无) 代(迟而中止,止有定数) 短(首尾俱短,不及本部) weak pulse( asthenia
pulse) thin pulse ;
thready pulse ; faint
pulse regularly
intermittent pulse short
pulse
实脉类(应指有力)
slippery pulse
string-like pulse; wiry pulse; taut pulse tight pulse ; tense pulse long pulse
) large pulse
真脏脉 true visceral pulse
雀啄脉 sparrow( bird) -pecking pulse
釜沸脉 seething cauldron pulse; bubble-rising pulse(世中联) 鱼翔脉 fish-waving pulse; fish-swimming pulse
虾游脉 shrimp-darting pulse
屋漏脉 roof-leaking pulse 解索脉 rope-untwining pulse 弹石脉 stone-flicking pulse 偃刀脉 knife-upturned pulse 转豆脉 bean-spinning pulse 麻促脉 confused skipping pulse 离经脉 abnormally rapid or slow pulse
治则
治则: therapeutic principle/ 治本: treat the root 治标: treat the tip 正治法:
routine treatment 寒者热之: treat cold with heat 热者寒之: treat heat with cold 虚则补之: treat deficiency by tonification 实则泻之: treat excess by purgation 反治法: paradoxical/contrary treatment 寒因寒用: treat cold with cold 热因热用: treat heat with heat 痛因通用: treating the unstopped by unstopping(WHO); treating diarrhea with purgatives 塞因塞用: treating the stopped by stopping(WHO); treating obstructive diseases by tonification 《( 汉 英医学大辞典》 )
扶正祛邪: reinforce the healthy qi and eliminate the pathogenic factors
攻补兼施: treat with both elimination and reinforcement 误治: erroneous treatment 异病同治: treating different diseases with the same method 同病异治: treating the same disease with different methods 先急后缓 (急则治其标,缓则治其本 ): treating the acute before the chronic(WHO) ;the acute condition should be treated prior to the chronic condition
先表后里: treating the exterior before the interior
加减方: modified formula 合方: combined formula
实(举按充实有力) 滑(往来流利,应指圆滑) 弦(端直以长,如按琴弦) 紧(绷急弹指,状如转索) 长(首尾端直,超过本位) 大(脉体宽
大,无汹涌之势 excess pulse