中医名词术语标准参考

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中医名词术语标准参考

舌诊

舌诊:tongue diagnosis

望舌:inspection of tongue

舌象:tongue manifestation

舌尖:tip of the tongue

舌边:margins of the tongue

舌中;舌心:center of the tongue

舌根;舌本:root of the tongue

舌体;舌质:tongue body

舌色:tongue color

荣枯老嫩:luxuriant/ flourishing, withered, tough and tender 淡白舌:whitish tongue

淡红舌:reddish tongue

红舌:red tongue

青舌:blue tongue

紫舌:purple tongue

青紫色:bluish purple tongue

绛舌:crimson tongue

胖大舌:enlarged tongue

肿胀舌:wollen tongue

瘦薄舌:thin tongue

点刺舌:spotted tongue

芒刺舌:prickly tongue

齿痕舌:teeth-marked tongue

裂纹舌:fissured tongue

光剥舌:peeled tongue

镜面舌:mirror tongue

地图舌:geographical tongue

舌衄:spontaneous bleeding of the tongue

强硬舌:stiff tongue

萎软舌:limp wilting tongue

颤动舌:trembling tongue

歪斜舌:deviated tongue

短缩舌:contracted tongue

吐弄舌:protruded agitated tongue

舌卷:curled tongue

苔色:coating color

苔质:texture of coating

白苔:white coating

白砂苔:white sandy coating

黄苔:yellow coating

黑苔:black coating

灰苔:gray coating

绿苔:green coating

薄苔:thin coating

厚苔:thick coating

润苔:moist coating

燥苔:dry coating

燥裂苔:dry and cracked coating

滑苔:slippery coating

腻苔:greasy(世中联)/slimy coating

腐苔:curdy coating

染苔:stained coating

脉诊

浮脉类(轻取即得)

浮(举之有余,按之不足)floating pulse; superficial pulse

洪(脉体阔大,充实有力,来盛去衰)surging pulse;full and over-flowing pulse

濡(浮细无力而软)soggy pulse

散(浮取散漫而无根,伴至数或脉力不匀)scattered pulse

芤(浮大中空,如按葱管)hollow pulse; empty pulse

革(浮而搏指,中空边坚)tympanic pulse; drumskin pulse

沉脉类(重按始得)

沉(轻取不应,重按始得)sunken pulse;deep pulse

伏(重按推至筋骨始得)hidden pulse

弱(沉细无力而软)weak pulse; feeble pulse;

牢(沉按实大弦长)firm pulse; hard

迟脉类(一息不足四至)

迟(一息不足四至)slow pulse; tardy pulse

缓(一息四至,脉来怠缓)moderate pulse; relaxed pulse

涩(往来艰涩,迟滞不畅)unsmooth pulse;uneven pulse

结(迟而时一至,止无定数)knotted pulse; bound pulse(irregular intermittent pulse)数脉类(一息五至以上)

数(一息五至以上,不足七至)rapid pulse;quick pulse

疾(脉来急疾,一息七八至)racing pulse; swift pulse

促(数而时一止,止无定数)irregular-rapid pulse; skipping pulse(rapid irregular intermittent pulse)

动(脉短如豆,滑数有力)stirred pulse

虚类脉(应指无力)

虚(举按无力,应指松软)weak pulse(asthenia pulse)

细(脉细如线,应指明显)thin pulse;thready pulse;

微(极细极软,似有似无)faint pulse

代(迟而中止,止有定数)regularly intermittent pulse

短(首尾俱短,不及本部)short pulse

实脉类(应指有力)

实(举按充实有力)excess pulse

滑(往来流利,应指圆滑)slippery pulse

弦(端直以长,如按琴弦)string-like pulse; wiry pulse; taut pulse

紧(绷急弹指,状如转索)tight pulse;tense pulse

长(首尾端直,超过本位)long pulse

大(脉体宽大,无汹涌之势)large pulse

真脏脉true visceral pulse

雀啄脉sparrow(bird)-pecking pulse

釜沸脉seething cauldron pulse; bubble-rising pulse(世中联)

鱼翔脉fish-waving pulse; fish-swimming pulse

虾游脉shrimp-darting pulse

屋漏脉roof-leaking pulse

解索脉rope-untwining pulse

弹石脉stone-flicking pulse

偃刀脉knife-upturned pulse

转豆脉bean-spinning pulse

麻促脉confused skipping pulse

离经脉abnormally rapid or slow pulse

治则

治则:therapeutic principle/

治本:treat the root

治标:treat the tip

正治法:routine treatment

寒者热之:treat cold with heat

热者寒之:treat heat with cold

虚则补之:treat deficiency by tonification

实则泻之:treat excess by purgation

反治法:paradoxical/contrary treatment

寒因寒用:treat cold with cold

热因热用:treat heat with heat

痛因通用:treating the unstopped by unstopping(WHO); treating diarrhea with purgatives 塞因塞用:treating the stopped by stopping(WHO); treating obstructive diseases by tonification(《汉英医学大辞典》)

扶正祛邪:reinforce the healthy qi and eliminate the pathogenic factors

攻补兼施:treat with both elimination and reinforcement

误治:erroneous treatment

异病同治:treating different diseases with the same method

同病异治:treating the same disease with different methods

先急后缓(急则治其标,缓则治其本):treating the acute before the chronic(WHO);the acute condition should be treated prior to the chronic condition

先表后里:treating the exterior before the interior

加减方:modified formula

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