Unit4-课文翻译及课后练习答案
Book1 Unit4 课文翻译及练习答案
新视界大学英语综合教程第四单元课文翻译及练习答案Active Reading跨种族婚姻“路易斯安那州的一位治安法官刚刚辞职了。
此法官拒绝批准一对情侣结婚，因为女方是白人，而男方是黑人。
几个星期以来，他拒绝离开职位，但最终还是辞职了，而且并未给出原因。
路易斯安那州州长接受了他的辞职。
这位白人治安法官声称，他一直避免批准不同种族间的婚姻，原因是他认为其子女会因此受罪。
他说：‘对婚姻双方的任一种族来说，接纳这样家庭的孩子都是有难度的。
我认为这些孩子会因此受罪，我不想让这种事情发生。
’”你认为这篇报道是什么时候发表的？也许是20 世纪50 年代吧？那个时候黑白种族隔离是有法可依的。
也许是20 世纪60 年代吧？那个时候有马丁·路德·金领导的民权运动。
事实上，这篇报道发表于2009 年10 月。
这个国家是著名的“大熔炉”，有着悠久的种族冲突的历史，也有一些成功融合的例子。
这位法官今日仍然持有这种观点，我们是否应当感到耻辱？或者，他认识到了自己的错误并辞去职务，我们是否应当为此高兴？经济全球化运动使得全世界范围内商品共享、服务共享、技术共享，这促进了跨种族婚姻。
经济全球化运动同样对社会和文化产生影响，这也许会带来不同种族间的友谊、爱情和婚姻。
但是，在美国的某些地区，“一滴血原则”似乎仍然有很大的影响。
这一原则的内容是：只要你有一滴非裔的血，你就是黑人。
那么，现如今，对于跨种族婚姻双方和美国大众来说，这样的婚姻有什么样的挑战和机遇呢？在美国的某些政治和社交圈子里，人们认为跨种族婚姻只不过是为了让身为移民的一方得到绿卡，以便在此居留和工作。
也有人声称，跨种族婚姻的动机在于较穷困的一方渴望获得经济保障，尽管这意味着他们也许不得不背井离乡。
幸运的是，还有很多其他人明白人类的基本价值(如相互吸引）在跨种族婚姻中起着最重要的作用。
无论结婚的真正动机是什么，所有这些情侣都会面对不同金钱观与不同传统价值观的挑战，这些传统价值观包括对伴侣的尊重、传统的宗教观、被社区接受、男女分工以及传统的语言观等。
全新版大学英语第二版综合教程Unit4课后题参考答案及B参考译文
美国梦对不同的人有着不同的含义。
但对许多人，尤其是对移民而言，它意味着改善自己生活的机会。
对于他们，美国梦的含义就是才能与勤劳能让你从小木屋走向白宫。
托尼·特里韦索诺并没有爬那么高，但他成功地使自己的梦想成真。
托尼·特里韦索诺的美国梦弗雷德里克·C·克罗弗德他来自意大利罗马以南某地的一个遍地是石头的农庄。
他什么时候以及怎么到美国的，我不清楚。
不过，有天晚上，我看到他站在我家车库后面的车道上。
他身高五英尺七、八左右，人很瘦。
“我割你的草坪，”他说。
他那结结巴巴的英语很难听懂。
我问他叫什么名字。
“托尼·特里韦索诺，”他回答说。
“我割你的草坪。
”我对托尼讲，本人雇不起园丁。
“我割你的草坪，”他又说道，随后便走开了。
我走进屋子，心里有点不快。
没错，眼下这大萧条的日子是不好过，可我怎么能把一个上门求助的人就这么打发走呢？等我第二天晚上下班回到家，草坪已修整过了，花园除了草，人行道也清扫过了。
我便问太太是怎么回事。
“有个人把割草机从车库里推出来就在院子里忙活起来，”她回答说。
“我还以为是你雇他来的。
”我就把前晚的事跟她说了。
我俩都觉得奇怪，他怎么没提出要工钱。
接下来的两天挺忙，我把托尼的事给忘了。
我们在尽力重整业务，要让一部分工人回厂里来。
但在星期五，回家略微早了些，我又在车库后面看到了托尼。
我对他干的活夸奖了几句。
“我割你的草坪，”他说。
我设法凑了一小笔微薄的周薪，就这样托尼每天轻扫院子，有什么零活，他都干了。
我太太说，但凡有重物要搬或有什么要修理的，他挺派得上用场。
夏去秋来，凉风阵阵。
“克罗先生，块下雪了，”有天晚上托尼跟我说。
“等冬天到了，你让我在厂里干扫雪的活。
”啊，对这种执着与期盼，你又能怎样呢？自然，托尼得到了厂里的那份活儿。
几个月过去了。
我让人事部门送上一份报告。
他们说托尼干得挺棒。
一天我在车库后面我们以前见面的地方看到了托尼。
“我想当学徒，”他说。
Unit+4+课文+译文+答案
Unit+4+课⽂+译⽂+答案Unit 4Dialogue: Asking the Lawyer about Civil LawAlber t：Hello, I’m here for a consultation regarding civil law.Lawyer：Yes, please.Albert：My neighbors are causing me to lose sleep. They are always singing and dancing late into the night[1]. Lawye r：Oh, I see. For a case like this, we'll arrange for a lawyer to go visiting your neighbors with you[2]. Albert：I spoke to them several times before. I don't think having a lawyer present is going to help.Lawye r：In that case, we'll contact the police. If they find enough evidence, they'll force your neighbors to comply. Albert：That's good. I hope I can have some peaceful nights in the future.Words and expressions:consultation[k?ns?l'tei??n]n. 请教,咨询,regarding[ri'gɑ:di?]prep. 关于evidence['evid?ns]n.证词；证据comply[k?m'plai]v. 同意,服从,遵守,履⾏[1] late into the night到深夜1. My daughter often studies late into the night.我⼥⼉常常读书到深夜。
2020年春PEP四年级英语第四单元课文翻译及练习答案
2020年春PEP四年级英语第四单元课文翻译及练习答案Unit 4 At the fɑrm 在农场ALet's tɑlkLook ɑt these!Are these cɑrrots?看这些！这些是胡萝卜吗？Yes,they ɑre.是的。
Wow! They're so big!哇！它们好大啊！What ɑre these?这些是什么？They're tomatoes.它们是西红柿。
But they're yellow!但是它们是黄色的！Try some!They're good.来尝尝！它们很好吃。
Thɑnks.Yum.谢谢。
真好吃。
Let's leɑrnLook ɑt the green beɑns. They're so long!看这些豆角。
它们好长啊！Yes, ɑnd the potɑtoes ɑre big.是的，而且这些土豆很大。
tomɑtoes 西红柿 green beɑns 豆角 potɑtoes 土豆 cɑrrots 胡萝卜Let's chɑntI like tomɑtoes.我喜欢西红柿。
I like potɑtoes.我喜欢土豆。
Cɑrrots I will try.胡萝卜我会尝尝。
I love to eɑt green beɑns.我爱吃豆角。
But onions mɑke me cry.但是洋葱让我哭。
Let's spellReɑd, listen ɑnd chɑnt./ɔ:/ h or se f or k homew or k w or ld mɑp /ɜ:/马餐叉作业世界地图Reɑd, listen ɑnd number.fork for born餐叉为出生world horse work世界马工作序号：143265Look, listen ɑnd write.I'd like four forks.我想要四个餐叉。
新视野大学英语三课后答案与课文翻译Unit4
Unit 4Section APre-reading activities一1 Nowadays, travelers arriving at the airport are welcomed by 11 tall earthen mounds, the tombs of emperors in Western Han Dynasty, built around the 1st century.2 Thus the year 841 BC marked the beginning of conscious and systematic record keeping.3 The beacon tower above the Lishan Mountain, where Huaqing Hot Spring is located, is an eternal reminder of the story of “ themost expensive smile" that caused the disappearance of the dynasty.4 It exhibits over 3,000 historical antiques, the main attractions being the bronze ware, ceramics and beautiful wall painting from the Tang Dynasty tombs.Language focusWord in use三1compulsory 2contemplate 3imprisoned 4globalize 5offset 6groan 7stubborn8cluster 9ambiguity 10consoledWord building四Word learned New words formed-ableRespect RespectableNegotiate NegotiableDistinguish DistinguishableAvailable AvailAttribute AttributableProfit ProfitableRenew Renewable-izeMemory MemorizeAuthor AuthorizeVisual VisualizeStable StabilizeSocial Socialize五1profitable 2renewable 3authorized 4negotiable 5visualize 6socialize7attributable 8respectable 9avail 10stabilize 11distinguishable 12memorizeBanked cloze六1E 2M 3K 4I 5F 6A 7C 8H 9L 10NExpression in use七1settle for 2more often than not 3mingled with 4 traded for5was saturated with 6are open to 7endowed with 8make upfor Translation威尼斯是意大利北部一座世界闻名的岛城。
希望英语 第二版 综合教程3 Unit4 课文翻译及习题答案
焦虑查尔斯·狄更斯说得好：“那既是最美好的时光，也是最难熬的岁月。
”他或许是从学生的角度在描述大学生活。
对许多学生而言，那段日子之所以难熬，一个重要的原因是焦虑。
当然，令人担忧的事情是不少。
想想以下这些问题：为专业选择而困扰，担心是否能够适应社会，担心毕业后的就业问题，对考试感到紧张，担心能否考入研究生院，害怕考试不及格，为朋友少而感到忧虑和孤独，来自家庭的压力和矛盾，担心经济问题，对人生价值、目的和意义的迷茫。
简而言之，许多事情正在发生并且许多事情都处于成败关头。
每个人都有自己独特的方式来处理不安、担忧和焦虑。
许多消极的处理方式（如酗酒、吸毒、暴食或大学校园里常见的其他饮食紊乱行为、发怒、疏远室友或朋友等等）可以被认为是应付焦虑的种种尝试。
即使这些策略最终都有伤害性，每个人在感到焦虑时，运用这些策略正是为了有效地控制自己的情绪，明白这一点很重要。
控制自己的情绪是一种基本需要，这种意图应始终受到尊重。
然而，如果所采取的方法行不通或者只在短期内有效，那么可能需要学习更有效的方法来应对焦虑。
精神分析法创始人西格蒙德·弗洛伊德将焦虑视为人在体验某种感觉时的一个信号，这种感觉在某些方面可被认为是对自己幸福感的一种威胁。
他进而认为，这种感觉能刺激人预期孤立无助的到来。
因此，将焦虑视为“反馈”是重要的，它有助于我们找到应对焦虑的方法。
实际上，如果能让我们正在体验的焦虑说话，它也许会说：“注意，有重要事情在发生。
”而人们并不总能轻易看出这件“事情”是什么，尤其是自己。
这正是心理辅导发挥作用之处。
心理顾问是精通“焦虑语言”的专业人士，能帮助你更有效地控制情绪。
采取有效对策，对你现在和将来的生活都会产生重大影响，关键的第一步是理解焦虑的含义。
这些对策可能包括，培养新的行为习惯、用新的方式来理解和体验情感以及用新的方式来思考人生。
对一些学生而言，焦虑的感觉有时是如此强烈以致于他们会陷入恐慌，无法恰当地应付日常生活中的各种事情。
新视野大学英语三课后答案及课文翻译Unit 4
Unit 4Section APre-reading activities一1 Nowadays, travelers arriving at the airport are welcomed by 11 tall earthen mounds, the tombs of emperors in Western Han Dynasty, built around the 1st century.2 Thus the year 841 BC marked the beginning of conscious and systematic record keeping.3 The beacon tower above the Lishan Mountain, where Huaqing Hot Spring is located, is an eternal reminder of the story of “the most expensive smile" that caused the disappearance of the dynasty.4 It exhibits over 3,000 historical antiques, the main attractions being the bronze ware, ceramics and beautiful wall painting from the Tang Dynasty tombs.Language focusWord in use三1compulsory 2contemplate 3imprisoned 4globalize 5offset 6groan 7stubborn 8cluster 9ambiguity 10consoledWord building四Word learned New words formed-ableRespect RespectableNegotiate NegotiableDistinguish DistinguishableAvailable AvailAttribute AttributableProfit ProfitableRenew Renewable-izeMemory MemorizeAuthor AuthorizeVisual VisualizeStable StabilizeSocial Socialize五1profitable 2renewable 3authorized 4negotiable 5visualize 6socialize7attributable 8respectable 9avail 10stabilize 11distinguishable 12memorizeBanked cloze六1E 2M 3K 4I 5F 6A 7C 8H 9L 10NExpression in use七1settle for 2more often than not 3mingled with 4 traded for5was saturated with 6are open to 7endowed with 8make up forTranslation威尼斯是意大利北部一座世界闻名的岛城。
研究生英语综合教程 崔校平 翻译及课后答案 Unit4
Unit 4 Lierature and ArtsText A 参考译文诗，如同这世界，可以说是有四个时代的，不过程度不同罢了；诗的第一个时代是铁器时代、第二个是黄金时代；第三个是白银时代；第四个是黄铜时代。
在诗的第一个时代，铁器时代，粗野的歌人，用震耳的旋律，歌颂更粗野的魁酋们的丰功伟业，当时，人人都是战士，各式社会的最高实践箴言是：“保持我们所有的东西，夺取我们所能夺取。
”，这箴言尚未以正义的名义和法律的形式装扮起来，而是刀光剑影的一句露骨格言，白刃相向就是meum et meum(而我之间)一切问题的裁判和公断。
在那些日子，只有三种职业兴隆（除了时时都兴隆的祭司职业以外），那就是王者、盗贼、乞丐的职业：乞丐多半是穷途落魄的王者，盗贼则多半是前途似锦的王者。
向一个陌生者询问的第一个问题是：“你是乞丐还是盗贼?”陌生人回答，往往先冒充乞丐，等到方便时机，便证明他堪称为盗贼。
每个人的自然欲望，是把他所能获得的权势和财产，尽量独占为己有，不择手段，强权就是公理；加上一个同样自然的欲望，那就是让尽可能多的人知道，他在这个普遍追求中夺得多少东西。
成功的武士变成魁酋，成功的魁酋转成王者：他接着便需要一个工具来宣扬他的功业的名声和财富的多寡。
这个工具他在歌人身上找到了，歌人事前在他的美力充分感发之下，是随时准备歌颂他的武力的。
这就是诗的起源：诗，正如其他职业那样，是因有这种商品的需求而兴起，按照市场范围的扩大而繁荣的。
所以，诗在起源时是歌功颂德的。
各民族最早的粗野诗歌，好像是一种简要的历史介绍，用臃肿浮夸的调子，颂扬一些杰出人物的功绩和财产。
诗的黄金时代取材于铁器时代。
这个时代开始之时，诗便开始回顾往事，一种类似扩大的国家行政体系的制度已经建立起来，个人的力量和勇敢已经不足以扩张武人勇士的势力，不足以使帝王废立和国家兴亡了，有组织的人群，社会的制度，世袭的继承等等，将予以抑制。
人们也更多生活在真理光辉之中，交换着观察成果，从而看出了鬼神的作用不是那么经常在他们之间发生，从古代诗歌和传说看来好像经常在他们祖先之间发生似的。
Unit 4 练习答案与课文翻译
Unit Four CommunicationText AComprehensionⅠ. Getting Main IdeasThe whole text can be divided into three parts. Read the text and complete the following table. The partition has been given to you, so you are supposed to finish the main idea of each part.Ⅱ. Identifying DetailsAnswer the following content questions based on details of the text.1.When Juliet was six years old, the author started the writing tradition with her daughter.2.Because the author gave in reasons why Juliet wanted clogs.3. They exchanged notes about boys, homework, phone calls, helping with housework, apologies after shouting matches and any happy thoughts.4. Because she thought writing down feelings to her mom is much easier for her than trying to speak about them.5. Yes! She is satisfied with Juliet’s makeup because Juliet’s face seemed to light up.6. Yes! Juliet’s letters from college have been wonderful.Language FocusⅢ.Working with the Proper Word or PhraseFill in the blanks with the words or phrases given below. Make change to the form when necessary.1. apologies2. brush3.exchanged4.match5. tremendous6. responded7.mood8. touched9. appropriate 10. makeupⅣ.Focusing on grammar tipsPlease select the correct answer from the four choices marked A, B, C and D.1. B2.A3.A4.A5.C6. D7.C8.A9.A 10.DⅤ.TranslationTranslate the following sentences into English.1.Fighting with fists is not a good way to settle an argument.2.The young parents scolded their child because he spoke rudely to the guest.3.The government called on people to hold on to the tradition of respecting the old.4.No matter what he met, his family will pull him through.5.True, you have failed this time, but at least you can draw a lesson from thisexperience.Ⅵ. ClozeThere are 10 blanks in the following passage. Read the passage carefully until you have got its main idea, and then select one appropriate word for for each gap from the box following the passage.1. walked2. break3. lying4. laughter5. sparkle6. share7. turned8. grow9. hold 10. crashedⅦ. WritingSample:The Equality in Family Communication Recently, an English website launched a survey with the question “do you think there is communication problem within your family”. 72.6% of the participants believe communication problem do exist in their family. When they were asked what have caused this kind of problem, 31.6% of them think that the way in which they communicate is inappropriate and 27.6% believe it has something to do with the compelling force of parents. Another 23.3% blame for the social problems while the rest 17.5% think that the rebellious children are responsible for that.In my opinion, no matter what caused the communication problem between the family members, we should take active measures to deal with it. For one thing, equal communication should be advocated within the family. We’ll be more willing to open our heart when we’re all in an equal position. Equality is essential for parents and children to make friends with each other. For another, the whole family should take part in some activities that all the members are interested in. if the family members can do things together, they will stay with each other longer and of course, will talk more and know each other better. Last but not the least, children should always put their feet in their parents’shoes and listen more to their parents. Once the children understand the purpose of the parents they may not be so rebellious and the communication between them will be much easier.All in all, the communication problem within the family should be solved by the joint efforts of all the family members.Text BComprehensionⅠ. Understanding the MessageRead the text and choose the best answer to each of the following questions.1-5 D D C B AⅡ. Working with the Proper Word or PhraseComplete each of the following sentences by deciding on the most proper word from the four choices marked A, B, C and D.1—5 ABCDD 6-10 CBAAA课文翻译Text A我的女儿，我的朋友你相信文字书信的奇妙作用吗?当用话语无法表达时，文字书信更能使人们相互亲近。
大学体验英语第四单元课后练习和课文翻译
Unit4 Passage A 课后练习Read and think2 Answer the following questions with the information you got from the passage.1 She decided to experience living abroad early in her college years and she actually went to liv e abroad two months after she graduated from college．2 Her classmates looked for permanent jobs in the “real world” but she looked for a temporary job in another country．3 Because she only had a work visa but no job or place to live．She had no one to rely on but to depend entirely on herself．4 She had her first interview the first week and she had three altogether．5 She thought it had many advantages．Firstly she truly got to learn the culture. Secondly，it was an economical way to live and travel in another country．Thirdly，she had the chance to gain valuable working experience and internationalize her resume．She strongly recommended it．Read and complete3 Fill in the blanks with the words or phrases from the passage．Don’t refer back to it until you have finished.1 living abroad；the“real world”2 go and work；interviewing for3 to live abroad；was willing to do anything4 a program；with the interest5 language；opportunities6 graduated from college；traveled throughout7 finding a job；financial resources；paycheck8 found a job in London；very well—known；employers9 accepted；international bank；located10 the best decision；hesitate for a secondLanguage FocusRead and complete4 Fill in the blanks with the words given below．Change the form where necessary．1 undertaken2 had intended3 resources4 inquiries5 investigated6 recommend7 participates8 aspects9 hesitate 10 economical5 Complete the following sentences with words or expressions from the passage. Change the form where necessary.1 running low2 turned out3 participate in4 as a result5 so far6 Rewrite the following sentences，replacing the underlined words with their synonyms you have learned in this unit．1 employment 2 opportunities 3 advantages 4 expenses 5 accommodation(s)Read and translate7 Translate the following sentences into English．1 I have faxed my resume and a cover letter to that company, but I haven’t received a reply yet．2 John will not hesitate for a second to offer help when others are in trouble．3 I have to admit that I desire very much to work or study abroad for some time but I know it is not easy to get a visa．4 It was not until 2 years after he arrived in London that he found／took a job in an international bank．5 After finishing his teaching，Tom traveled throughout China for 2 months before returning home in America．Read and simulate8 Read and compare the English sentences，paying attention to their italicized parts and translate the Chinese sentences by simulating the structure of the English sentences．1 Of the three jobs available／offered，I chose this one because of the pay and the working condition．2 It wasn’t until 6 months after my graduation that I found my first job and went to work in a computer company．3 I was most scared about the next day’s job interview since 1 was not well prepared and I needed t o do more homework ／preparation．4 The university I work at is in a beautiful．scenic spot Located two miles from the Xiang River．5 Exercise has many advantages．For one，it helps you to lose weight．Secondly, it helps prevent disease．Thirdly, exercising everyday keeps you fit and strong．Unit4 Passage A课文译文玛塞娜的工作经历进大学不久我就下定决心，在进入“现实世界”前先到国外呆一段。
新视野大学英语三课后答案及课文翻译Unit+4
Unit4Section APre-reading activities一1Nowadays,travelers arriving at the airport are welcomed by11tall earthen mounds,the tombs of emperors in Western Han Dynasty,built around the1st century.2Thus the year841BC marked the beginning of conscious and systematic record keeping.3The beacon tower above the Lishan Mountain,where Huaqing Hot Spring is located,is an eternal reminder of the story of“the most expensive smile"that caused the disappearance of the dynasty.4It exhibits over3,000historical antiques,the main attractions being the bronze ware,ceramics and beautiful wall painting from the Tang Dynasty tombs. Language focusWord in use三1compulsory2contemplate3imprisoned4globalize 5offset6groan7stubborn8cluster9ambiguity10consoledWord building四Word learned New words formed-ableRespect RespectableNegotiate NegotiableDistinguish DistinguishableAvailable AvailAttribute AttributableProfit ProfitableRenew Renewable-izeMemory MemorizeAuthor AuthorizeVisual VisualizeStable StabilizeSocial Socialize五1profitable2renewable3authorized4negotiable 5visualize6socialize7attributable8respectable9avail10stabilize11distinguishable12memorizeBanked cloze六1E2M3K4I5F6A7C8H9L10NExpression in use七1settle for2more often than not3mingled with4 traded for5was saturated with6are open to7endowed with8make up forTranslation威尼斯是意大利北部一座世界闻名的岛城。
unit 4北师教育硕士英语课文翻译及课后答案
Unit 4Text A The Healing Power of NatureI. Exploring the Texti. Comprehension of the Text1. D C A C3.1) Professor Roger Ulrich reported in the journal Science that patients who viewed trees outside of the windows were discharged from the hospital almost a day earlier, on average, than those whosaw walls, and they took fewer strong doses of pain-relieving narcotics.2) According to some studies, psychologists have found that exposure to trees, streams and other natural features improves concentration, creativity and emotional functioning. Office workers with nature views are more enthusiastic about their jobs, less frustrated, in better health and more satisfied with their lives. Nature can ease ADHD symptoms in kids, and children who see trees from their windows concentrate better, act less impulsively and are more able to delay gratification.3) The term qi can refer to material, energy, even conditions like dampness or heat, and experts disagree about how to define it.4) One theory of Western scientists about nature’s benefits is that nature can restore our tired minds mainly because it’s quietly fascinating, which rests our mental muscles. And the other theory is that the refreshment by nature might even be hardwired.II. Activating Your Vocabularyi. 1)-5) d g i f j6)-10) c b a e hii. 1) account for 2) vibrant3) rejuvenated4) irritable/irritated5) boost 6) put in perspective7) ailments8) refreshed/refreshes9) impulsive10) healedIII. Enriching Your Word Poweri.1) henpecked 2) much-used 3) homemade4) snow-covered5)ill-informed 6) town-bred7) well-paid 8) newly-builtii.1) for instance 2) In addition 3) such as 4) other 5) Finally 6) SoⅣ. Challenging Your Grammar1) leaving 2) burnt 3) Encouraged 4) Dropping 5) Delighted6) shopping 7) Being 8) Confined 9) knocking 10) ObservedV. Translationi. 西方科学家提出自己的两套理论来阐明大自然的裨益。
21世纪大学实用英语综合教程(第二册)课文翻译及课后习题答案unit 4
scientific mind
scientific management
a cruel ruler
a cruel fact
Tigers are cruel by nature.
I know I have to get on the airplane despite my fear.
“那是因为它们不会思考,”我的一个表亲说。
“这就是差别之所在吗？”我感到疑惑。“你是想说它们不以我们的方式思考吧。”
屋里变得异常安静。我很惊讶我的家人竟听得如此专注。
“还有，”我想起了自己成为保护动物权益积极分子的原因，随即补充道，“动物是地球上受害最深的生物：甚于儿童，甚于妇女，甚于有色人种。偏见使我们去剥削、利用它们，把它们当作科研工具和可消耗的商品，还去吃它们。我们把所能想到的任何暴行都用在它们身上。我喜欢动物，因为它们不对自己或别人做那些我们对它们做的事情。”
How can I exterminate the ants without harming the plant?
Hitler tried to exterminate the Jews.
I feel that some ways of managing stress are just counter-productive.
“嗳，但愿人能像动物一样就好了。”
我就这样进行了一场出色的论战；我是代表着我们中间最棒的一个群体上阵的。
Honesty is the best policy.
John and Mary are merely friends, not lovers.
It’s not merely a matter of cost, but whether she’s old enough to be on holiday alone.
2020年秋PEP四年级英语上册第四单元课文翻译及练习答案
Unit 4 My home我的家ALet's talkI have a cat. She's cute.我有一只猫。
她很可爱。
Where is she?她在哪儿？Mmm. Is she in the living room?嗯。
她在客厅里吗？No, she isn't.不，她不在。
Is she in the study?她在书房里吗？No, she isn't.不，她不在。
Look! She's in the kitchen.看！她在厨房里。
Let's learnWhere's Amy?埃米在哪儿？Is she in the study?她在书房里吗？Yes, she is.是的，她在。
bedroom living room study kitchen bathroom 卧室客厅书房厨房浴室Let's doGo to the living room.Watch TV.去客厅。
看电视。
Go to the study.Read a book.去书房。
看书。
Go to the kitchen.Have a snack.去厨房。
吃点心。
Go to the bedroom.Have a nap.去卧室。
打个盹。
Go to the bathroom.Take a shower.去浴室。
洗澡。
Let's spellRead, listen and chant./ju:/ u s e c u t e exc u s e使用可爱的打扰一下Listen, circle and say.cute cut us use fun tube可爱的剪我们使用有趣管up excuse bus /ʌ/ mum mule向上打扰一下公共汽车妈妈骡Listen, circle and write.圈u-e cute圈u up圈u-e useBLet's talkOpen the door, please.请打开门。
unit four 课后练习答案以及课文翻译
Unit Four Job HuntingCommunicative FunctionTalking about Job ApplicationsTask 2 Listen and RespondKey1. She is now working at Creative Advertising Company.2. The atmosphere in the company drives her crazy.3. Secretary.4. The boss is very hard to get along with.5. She has been a secretary before.6. She knows how to handle a bad-tempered boss.Task 3Listen and SimulateSample 11)My name‟s2)Would you like to have a seat?3)Now, have you brought your resume with you?4)Can I send them to you?Sample 21.Tell me a little bit about yourself.2.What kind of personality do you think you have?3.What would you say are your weaknesses and strengths?4.Do you have any licenses or certificates?5.How do you get along with others?Video WatchingHow to Choose the Right CareerKeyStep 1:List your passions and interests.Step 2:Identify your strengths, skills, and talents.Step 3:List your personal preferences and needs.Step 4:Get professional advice by taking career assessment tests and tests that evaluate your personality and temperament.Step 5:Research the job market to learn about careers that match your interests and personality. Step 6:Prepare to begin a new chapter in your life as you pursue a career.1)Guidance2)belief3)managing4)lack5)increase6)commute7)available8)online9)satisfaction10)painter.Text A Related TasksTask 2 Read and ExploreWords1.excellent2. navigate3. law4. educated5. technical6.recommend7. marketing8. wealth9. hire10. mentionPhrases1. B2. D3. A4. C5. AStructure1. 当他工作时2. 而数英里外的沙漠中天气却很干燥3. 虽然玛丽更喜爱纯咖啡4. 虽然我承认存在问题5. 虽然教书确实是一份艰难的工作6. 当他们仍在母亲体内生长时Word Formation1.novelist2. motorist3. Socialist4. Pessimist5. pianistTranslation1. 一位精通药品贸易的商务顾问曾经告诉我，有许多医生和牙医生活拮据。
研究生英语综合教程崔校平Unit4课文翻译及答案
The Four Ages of Poetry诗歌的四个时代POETRY, like the world, may be said to have four ages, but in a different order: the first age of poetry being the age of iron; the second, of gold; the third, of silver: and the fourth, of brass.诗歌和世界一样，可以说有四个时代，但顺序不同：诗歌的第一个时代是铁的时代；第二个是金的时代；第三个是银的时代；第四个是铜的时代。
The first, or iron age of poetry, is that in which rude bards celebrate in rough numbers the exploits of ruder chiefs, in days when every man is a warrior, and when the great practical maxim of every form of society," to keep what we have and to catch what we can, is not yet disguised under names of justice and forms of law, but is the naked motto of the naked sword, which is the only judge and jury in every question of meum and tuum.These days, the only three trades flourishing (besides that of priest which flourishes always)are those of king, thief, and beggar: the beggar being for the most part a king dejected, and the thief a king expectant. The first question asked of a stranger is, whether he is a beggar or a thief: the stranger, in reply, usually assumes the first , and awaits a convenient opportunity to prove his claim to the second appellation.诗歌的第一个时代，或者说铁的时代，是粗野的吟游诗人以粗野的数字颂扬粗野的酋长的功绩的时代，在这个时代，每个人都是战士，每一种社会形式的伟大实用格言，"保持我们所拥有的，抓住我们能抓住的，还没有在正义的名称和法律的形式下进行伪装，而是赤裸裸的剑的格言，它是每一个我们和他们之间问题的唯一法官和审判。
高级英语第一册Unit 4 文章结构+课文讲解+课文翻译+课后练习+答案
Unit 4 Everyday Use for Your GrandmamaEveryday Use for Your Grandmama 教学目的及重点难点Objectives of TeachingTo comprehend the whole storyTo lean and master the vocabulary and expressionsTo learn to paraphrase the difficult sentencesTo understand the structure of the textTo appreciate the style and rhetoric of the passage.Important and Difficult pointsThe comprehension of the whole storyThe understanding of certain expressionsThe appreciation of the writing techniqueColloquial, slangy or black EnglishCultural difference between nationalities in the USIV. Character AnalysisDee:She has held life always in the palm of one hand."No" is a word the world never learned to say to her.She would always look anyone in the eye. Hesitation was no part of her nature.She was determined to share down any disaster in her efforts.I. Rhetorical devices:Parallelism:chin on chest, eyes on ground, feet in shuffleMetaphor:She washed us in a river of...burned us... Pressed us ...to shove us away stare down any disaster in her efforts...Everyday Use for your grandmama -- by Alice WalkerEveryday Use for your grandmamaAlice WalkerI will wait for her in the yard that Maggie and I made so clean and wavy yester day afternoon. A yard like this is more comfortable than most people know. It is not just a yard. It is like an extended living room. When the hard clay is swept clean as a floor and the fine sand around the edges lined with tiny, irregular grooves, anyone can come and sit and look up into the elm tree and wait for the breezes that nevercome inside the house.Maggie will be nervous until after her sister goes: she will stand hopelessly in corners, homely and ashamed of the burn scars down her arms and legs, eying her sister with a mixture of envy and awe. She thinks her sister has held life always in the palm of one hand, that "no" is a word the world never learned to say to her.You've no doubt seen those TV shows where the child who has "made it" is confronted, as a surprise, by her own mother and father, tottering in weakly from backstage. (A Pleasant surprise, of course: What would they do if parent and child came on the show only to curse out and insult each other?) On TV mother and child embrace and smile into each other's face. Sometimes the mother and father weep, the child wraps them in her arms and leans across the table to tell how she would not have made it without their help. I have seen these programs.Sometimes I dream a dream in which Dee and I are suddenly brought together on a TV program of this sort. Out of a cark and soft-seated limousine I am ushered into a bright room filled with many people. There I meet a smiling, gray, sporty man like Johnny Carson who shakes my hand and tells me what a fine girl I have. Then we are on the stage and Dee is embracing me with tear s in her eyes. She pins on my dress a large orchid, even though she has told me once that she thinks or chides are tacky flowers.In real life I am a large, big-boned woman with rough, man-working hands. In the winter I wear flannel nightgowns to bed and overalls during the day. I can kill and clean a hog as mercilessly as a man. My fat keeps me hot in zero weather. I can work outside all day, breaking ice to get water for washing; I can eat pork liver cooked over the open tire minutes after it comes steaming from the hog. One winter I knocked a bull calf straight in the brain between the eyes with a sledge hammer and had the meat hung up to chill be-fore nightfall. But of course all this does not show on television. I am the way my daughter would want me to be: a hundred pounds lighter, my skin like an uncooked barley pan-cake. My hair glistens in the hot bright lights. Johnny Car – son has much to do to keep up with my quick and witty tongue.But that is a mistake. I know even before I wake up. Who ever knew a Johnson with a quick tongue? Who can even imagine me looking a strange white man in the eye? It seems to me I have talked to them always with one toot raised in flight, with my head turned in whichever way is farthest from them. Dee, though. She would always look anyone in the eye. Hesitation was no part of her nature."How do I look, Mama?" Maggie says, showing just enough of her thin body enveloped in pink skirt and red blouse for me to know she's there, almost hidden by the door."Come out into the yard," I say.Have you ever seen a lame animal, perhaps a dog run over by some careless person rich enough to own a car, sidle up to someone who is ignorant enough to be kind of him? That is the way my Maggie walks. She has been like this, chin on chest, eyes on ground, feet in shuffle, ever since the fire that burned the other house to theground.Dee is lighter than Maggie, with nicer hair and a fuller figure. She's a woman now, though sometimes I forget. How long ago was it that the other house burned? Ten, twelve years? Sometimes I can still hear the flames and feel Maggie's arms sticking to me, her hair smoking and her dress falling off her in little black papery flakes. Her eyes seemed stretched open, blazed open by the flames reflect-ed in them. And Dee. I see her standing off under the sweet gum tree she used to dig gum out of; a look at concentration on her face as she watched the last dingy gray board of the house tall in toward the red-hot brick chimney. Why don't you do a dance around the ashes? I'd wanted to ask her. She had hated the house that much.I used to think she hated Maggie, too. But that was before we raised the money, the church and me, to send her to Augusta to school. She used to read to us without pity, forcing words, lies, other folks' habits, whole lives upon us two, sitting trapped and ignorant underneath her voice. She washed us in a river of make-believe, burned us with a lot of knowledge we didn't necessarily need to know. Pressed us to her with the serious way she read, to shove us away at just the moment, like dimwits, we seemed about to understand.Dee wanted nice things. A yellow organdy dress to wear to her graduation from high school; black pumps to match a green suit she'd made from an old suit somebody gave me. She was determined to stare down any disaster in her efforts. Her eyelids would not flicker for minutes at a time. Often I fought off the temptation to shake her. At sixteen she had a style of her own' and knew what style was.I never had an education myself. After second grade the school was closed down. Don't ask me why. in 1927 colored asked fewer questions than they do now. Sometimes Maggie reads to me. She stumbles along good-naturedly but can't see well. She knows she is not bright. Like good looks and money, quickness passed her by. She will marry John Thomas (who has mossy teeth in an earnest face) and then I'll be free to sit here and I guess just sing church songs to myself. Although I never was a good singer. Never could carry a tune. I was always better at a man's job. 1 used to love to milk till I was hooked in the side in '49. Cows are soothing and slow and don't bother you, unless you try to milk them the wrong way.I have deliberately turned my back on the house. It is three rooms, just like the one that burned, except the roof is tin: they don't make shingle roofs any more. There are no real windows, just some holes cut in the sides, like the portholes in a ship, but not round and not square, with rawhide holding the shutter s up on the outside. This house is in a pasture, too, like the other one. No doubt when Dee sees it she will want to tear it down. She wrote me once that no matter where we "choose" to live, she will manage to come see us. But she will never bring her friends. Maggie and I thought about this and Maggie asked me, Mama, when did Dee ever have any friends?"She had a few. Furtive boys in pink shirts hanging about on washday after school. Nervous girls who never laughed. Impressed with her they worshiped the well-turned phrase, the cute shape, the scalding humor that erupted like bubbles inlye. She read to them.When she was courting Jimmy T she didn't have much time to pay to us, but turned all her faultfinding power on him. He flew to marry a cheap city girl from a family of ignorant flashy people. She hardly had time to recompose herself.When she comes I will meet -- but there they are!Maggie attempts to make a dash for the house, in her shuffling way, but I stay her with my hand. "Come back here," I say. And she stops and tries to dig a well in the sand with her toe.It is hard to see them clearly through the strong sun. But even the first glimpse of leg out of the car tells me it is Dee. Her feet were always neat-looking, as it God himself had shaped them with a certain style. From the other side of the car comes a short, stocky man. Hair is all over his head a foot long and hanging from his chin like a kinky mule tail. I hear Maggie suck in her breath. "Uhnnnh," is what it sounds like. Like when you see the wriggling end of a snake just in front of your toot on the road. "Uhnnnh."Dee next. A dress down to the ground, in this hot weather. A dress so loud it hurts my eyes. There are yel-lows and oranges enough to throw back the light of the sun. I feel my whole face warming from the heat waves it throws out. Earrings gold, too, and hanging down to her shoulders. Bracelets dangling and making noises when she moves her arm up to shake the folds of the dress out of her armpits. The dress is loose and flows, and as she walks closer, I like it. I hear Maggie go "Uhnnnh" again. It is her sister's hair. It stands straight up like the wool on a sheep. It is black as night and around the edges are two long pigtails that rope about like small lizards disappearing behind her ears."Wa-su-zo-Tean-o!" she says, coming on in that gliding way the dress makes her move. The short stocky fellow with the hair to his navel is all grinning and he follows up with "Asalamalakim, my mother and sister!" He moves to hug Maggie but she falls back, right up against the back of my chair. I feel her trembling there and when I look up I see the perspiration falling off her chin."Don't get up," says Dee. Since I am stout it takes something of a push. You can see me trying to move a second or two before I make it. She turns, showing white heels through her sandals, and goes back to the car. Out she peeks next with a Polaroid. She stoops down quickly and lines up picture after picture of me sitting there in front of the house with Maggie cowering behind me. She never takes a shot without making sure the house is included. When a cow comes nibbling around the edge of the yard she snaps it and me and Maggie and the house. Then she puts the Polaroid in the back seat of the car, and comes up and kisses me on the forehead.Meanwhile Asalamalakim is going through motions with Maggie's hand. Maggie's hand is as limp as a fish, and probably as cold, despite the sweat, and she keeps trying to pull it back. It looks like Asalamalakim wants to shake hands but wants to do it fancy. Or maybe he don't know how people shake hands. Anyhow, he soon gives up on Maggie."Well," I say. "Dee.""No, Mama," she says. "Not 'Dee', Wangero Leewanika Kemanjo!""What happened to 'Dee'?" I wanted to know."She's dead," Wangero said. "I couldn't bear it any longer, being named after the people who oppress me.""You know as well as me you was named after your aunt Dicle," I said. Dicie is my sister. She named Dee. We called her "Big Dee" after Dee was born."But who was she named after?" asked Wangero."I guess after Grandma Dee," I said."And who was she named after?" asked Wangero."Her mother," I said, and saw Wangero was getting tired. "That's about as far back as I can trace it," I said.Though, in fact, I probably could have carried it back beyond the Civil War through the branches."Well," said Asalamalakim, "there you are.""Uhnnnh," I heard Maggie say."There I was not," I said, before 'Dicie' cropped up in our family, so why should I try to trace it that far back?"He just stood there grinning, looking down on me like somebody inspecting a Model A car. Every once in a while he and Wangero sent eye signals over my head."How do you pronounce this name?" I asked."You don't have to call me by it if you don't want to," said Wangero."Why shouldn't I?" I asked. "If that's what you want us to call you, we'll call you. ""I know it might sound awkward at first," said Wangero."I'll get used to it," I said. "Ream it out again."Well, soon we got the name out of the way. Asalamalakim had a name twice as long and three times as hard. After I tripped over it two or three times he told me to just call him Hakim-a-barber. I wanted to ask him was he a barber, but I didn't really think he was, so I don't ask."You must belong to those beet-cattle peoples down the road," I said. They said "Asalamalakirn" when they met you too, but they didn't Shake hands. Always too busy feeding the cattle, fixing the fences, putting up salt-lick shelters, throwing down hay. When the white folks poisoned some of the herd the men stayed up all night with rifles in their hands. I walked a mile and a half just to see the sight.Hakim-a-barber said, "I accept some of their doctrines, but farming and raising cattle is not my style." (They didn't tell me, and I didn't ask, whether Wangero (Dee) had really gone and married him.)We sat down to eat and right away he said he didn't eat collards and pork was unclean. Wangero, though, went on through the chitlins and corn bread, the greens and every-thing else. She talked a blue streak over the sweet potatoes. Everything delighted her. Even the fact that we still used the benches her daddy made for the table when we couldn't afford to buy chairs."Oh, Mama!" she cried. Then turned to Hakim-a-barber. "I never knew how lovely these benches are. You can feel the rump prints," she said, running her handsunderneath her and along the bench. Then she gave a sigh and her hand closed over Grandma Dee's butter dish. "That's it!" she said. "I knew there was something I wanted to ask you if I could have." She jumped up from the table and went over in the corner where the churn stood, the milk in it clabber by now. She looked at the churn and looked at it."This churn top is what I need," she said. "Didn't Uncle Buddy whittle it out of a tree you all used to have?""Yes," I said."Uh huh, " she said happily. "And I want the dasher,too.""Uncle Buddy whittle that, too?" asked the barber.Dee (Wangero) looked up at me."Aunt Dee's first husband whittled the dash," said Maggie so low you almost couldn't hear her. "His name was Henry, but they called him Stash.""Maggie's brain is like an elephants," Wanglero said, laughing. "I can use the churn top as a center piece for the alcove table,”she said, sliding a plate over the churn, "and I'll think of something artistic to do with the dasher."When she finished wrapping the dasher the handle stuck out. I took it for a moment in my hands. You didn't even have to look close to see where hands pushing the dasher up and down to make butter had left a kind of sink in the wood. In fact, there were a lot of small sinks; you could see where thumbs and fingers had sunk into the wood. It was beautiful light yellow wood, from a tree that grew in the yard where Big Dee and Stash had lived.After dinner Dee (Wangero) went to the trunk at the foot of my bed and started rifling through it. Maggie hung back in the kitchen over the dishpan. Out came Wangero with two quilts. They had been pieced by Grandma Dee and then Big Dee and me had hung them on the quilt frames on the front porch and quilted them. One was in the Lone Star pattern. The other was Walk Around the Mountain. In both of them were scraps of dresses Grandma Dee had worn fifty and more years ago. Bit sand pieces of Grandpa Jarrell's Paisley shirts. And one teeny faded blue piece, about the size of a penny matchbox, that was from Great Grandpa Ezra's uniform that he wore in the Civil War."Mama," Wangero said sweet as a bird. "Can I have these old quilts?"I heard something fall in the kitchen, and a minute later the kitchen door slammed."Why don't you take one or two of the others?” 1 asked. "These old things was just done by me and Big Dee from some tops your grandma pieced before she died.""No," said Wangero. "I don't want those. They are stitched around the borders by machine.""That'll make them last better," I said."That's not the point," said Wanglero. "These are all pieces of dresses Grandma used to wear. She did all this stitching by hand. Imagine!" She held the quilts securely in her arms, stroking them."Some of the pieces, like those lavender ones, come from old clothes her mother handed down to her,” I said, movi ng up to touch the quilts. Dee (Wangero)moved back just enough so that I couldn't reach the quilts. They already belonged to her. "Imagine!" she breathed again, clutching them closely to her bosom."The truth is," I said, "I promised to give them quilts to Maggie, for when she marries John Thomas."She gasped like a bee had stung her."Maggie can't appreciate these quilts!" she said. "She'd probably be backward enough to put them to everyday use.""I reckon she would," I said. "God knows I been sav age ’em for long enough with nobody using 'em. I hope she will! ” I didn't want to bring up how I had offered Dee (Wangero) a quilt when she went away to college. Then she had told me they were old-fashioned, out of style."But they're priceless!" she was saying now, furiously, for she has a temper. "Maggie would put them on the bed and in five years they'd be in rags. Less than that!" "She can always make some more,” I said. "Maggie knows how to quilt. "Dee (Wangero) looked at me with hatred. "You just will not understand. The point is these quilts, these quilts!""Well," I said,, stumped. "What would you do with them?""Hang them," she said. As it that was the only thing you could do with quilts.Maggie by now was standing in the door. I could almost hear the sound her feet made as they scraped over each other."She can have them, Mama,” she said like somebody used to never winning anything, or having anything reserved for her. "I can 'member Grandma Dee without the quilts."I looked at her hard. She had filled her bottom lip with checkerberry snuff and it gave her face a kind of dopey, hangdog look. It was Grandma Dee and Big Dee who taught her how to quilt herself. She stood there with her scarred hands hidden in the folds of her skirt. She looked at her sister with something like fear but she wasn't mad at her. This was Maggie's portion. This was the way she knew God to work.When I looked at her like that something hit me in the top of my head and ran down to the soles of my feet. Just like when I'm in church and the spirit of God touches me and I get happy and shout. I did something I never had done before: hugged Maggie to me, then dragged her on into the room, snatched the quilts out of Miss Wangero's hands and dumped them into Maggie's lap. Maggie just sat there on my bed with her mouth open."Take one or two of the others," I said to Dee.But she turned without a word and went out to Hakim-a-barber."You just don't understand," she said, as Maggie and I came out to the car."What don't I under stand?" I wanted to know."Your heritage," she said. And then she turned to Maggie, kissed her, and said, "You ought to try to make some-thing of yourself, too, Maggie. It's really a new day for us. But from the way you and Mama still live you'd never know it."She put on some sunglasses that hid everything above the tip of her nose and her chin.Maggie smiled; maybe at the sunglasses. But a real mile, not scared. After we watched the car dust settle I asked Maggie to bring me a dip of snuff. And then the two of us sat there just enjoying, until it was time to go in the house and go to bed.--------------------------------------------------------------------------------NOTES1) Alice Walker: born 1944 in Eatonton, Georgia, America and graduated from Sarah Lawrence College. Her books include The Third Life of Grange Copeland ( 1970 ), Meridian ( 1976 ), The Color Purple(1982), etc.2)"made it": to become a success, to succeed, either in specific endeavor or in general3) Johnny Carson: a man who runs a late night talk show4)hooked: injured by the horn of the cow being milked5) Jimmy T: 'T' is the initial of the surname of the boy Dee was courting.6)"Wa-su-zo-Tean-o!": phonetic rendering of an African dialect salutation7) "Asalamalakim": phonetic rendering of a Muslim greeting8) Polaroid: a camera that produces instant pictures9) the Civil War: the war between the North and the South in the U. S.(1861-1865)10) branches: branches or divisions of a family descending from a common ancestor11) Ream it out again: "Ream" is perhaps an African dialect word meaning: "unfold, display". Hence the phrase may mean "repeat" or "say it once again"12) pork was unclean: Muslims are forbidden by their religion to eat pork because it is considered to be unclean.13) Chitlins: also chitlings or chitterlings, the small intestines of pigs, used for food,a common dish in Afro-American households14) rump prints: depressions in the benches made by constant sitting15) sink: depressions in the wood of the handle left by the thumbs and fingersBackground informationThe author wrote quite a number of novels, among them were The Color Purple which won the Pulitzer Prize of Fiction （普利策小说奖）and The American Book Award （美国图书奖）. In 1985, the Color Purple was made into a movie which won great fame .Everyday Use for your grandmama 课文讲解/Detailed StudyEveryday Use for Your Grandmama--------------------------------------------------------------------------------Detailed Study of the Text1. wavy: having regular curvesA wavy line has a series of regular curves along it.The wavy lines are meant to represent water.Here in the text the word describes the marks in wavy patterns on the clay ground left by the broom.*image - 1* (此处加一细曲线图)2. groove: a long narrow path or track made in a surface, esp. to guide the movement of sth.A groove is a wide, deep line cut into a surface.The cupboard door slides open along the groove it fits into.3. homely: simple, not grand, (of people, faces, etc.,) not good-looking, ugly If someone is homely, they are not very attractive to look at; uased in Am.E.4. awe: Awe is the feeling of respect and amazement that you have when you are faced with sth. wonderful, frightening or completely unknown., wonderThe child stared at him in silent awe.5. confront: to face boldly or threateningly, encounterIf a problem, task, or difficulty confronts you, or you are confronted with it, it iss sth. that you cannot avoid and must deal withI was confronted with the task of designing and building the new system.6. totter: to move in an unsteady way from side to side as if about to fall, to walk with weak unsteady stepsThe old lady tottered down the stairs.7. limousine: A limousine is a large and very comfortable car, esp. one with a glass screen between the front and back seats. Limousines are usually driven by a chauffeur [ou]cf:sedan / saloon is a car with seats for four or more people, a fixed roof, and a boot (the space at the back of the car, covered by a lid, in which you carry things such luggage, shopping or tools) that is separate from the seating part of the car convertible: a car with a soft roof that can be folded down or removedsports car: a low usu. open car with room for only 2 people for traveling with high power and speedcoupe [‘ku:pei] a car with a fixed roof, a sloping back, two doors and seats for four peoplestation wagon (Am E) / estate car (Br.E) a car which has a long body with a door at the back end and space behind the back seats8. gray / grey: used to describe the colour of people’s hair when it changes from its original colour, usu. as they get old and before it becomes white9. tacky: (Am.E, slang) shabby10. overalls: are a single piece of clothing that combines trousers and a jacket. Your wear overalls over your clothes in order to protect them from dirt, paint, etc. while you are workingThe breast pocket of his overalls was filled with tools. (工装裤)11. hog:a. a pig, esp. a fat one for eatingb. a male pig that has been castratedc. a dirty personswine: (old & tech) pigboar [o:]: male pig on a farm that is kept for breedingsow [au]: fully grown female pig12. sledge hammer: large, heavy hammer for swinging with both hands, a large heavy hammer with a long handle, used for smashing concrete13. barley: 大麦14. pancake: a thin, flat circle of cooked batter (糊状物) made of milk, flour and eggs. usu. rolled up or folded and eaten hot with a sweet or savory filling inside15. sidle: walk as if ready to turn or go the other wayIf you sidle somewhere, you walk there uncertainly or cautiously, as if you do not want anyone to notice youA man sidled up to me and asked if I wanted a ticket for the match..16. shuffle: slow dragging walkIf you shuffle, you walk without lifting your feet properly off the groundHe slipped on his shoes and shuffled out of the room.If you shuffle, you move your feet about while standing or move your bottom about while sitting, often because you feel uncomfortable or embarrassed.I was shuffling in my seat.cf:totter (n.6), sidle(n. 15), shuffle17. blaze: to burn with a bright flameA wood fire was blazing, but there was no other light in the room.n. the sudden sharp shooting up of a flame, a very bright fireThe fire burned slowly at first, but soon burst into a blaze.18. sweet gum tree: a large North American tree of the witch hazel (榛子) family, with alternate maplelike leaves, spiny (多刺的) fruit balls, and flagrant juice美洲金缕梅, 落叶灌木或小乔木. 原产于北美和亚洲. 其分叉小枝从前用为魔杖, 这寻找地下水, 故俗称魔杖.19. dingy: dirty and fadedA building or place that is dingy is rather dark and depressing and does not seem to have been well looked after,.This is the dingiest street of the town.Clothes, curtains, etc. that are dingy are dirty or faded.20. raise: to collect togetherraise an army / raise enough money for a holidayHis wife raised the money by selling her jewellery.We’re trying to raise funds to establish a scholarship.21. underneath: (so as to go) under (sth..)The letter was pushed underneath the door.Did you find very much growing underneath the snow?(Here it suggests a repressive and imposing quality in her voice.)22. make-believe: a state of pretending or the things which are pretended She lives in a make-believe world / a world of make-believe.Don’t be afraid of monster - the story’s only make-believe.The little girl made believe she was a princess.23. shove: to push, esp. in a rough or careless wayThere was a lot of pushing and shoving to get on the bus.Help me to shove this furniture aside.If you shove sb. or sth., you push them with a quick, rather, violent movement. He dragged her out to the door and shoved her into the street.24. dimwit: (infml) an ignorant and stupid persondim: faint, not brightwit: intelligence, wisdomat one’s wit’s end: at the end of one’s tether25. organdy: (Br. E organdie) very fine transparent muslin (麦斯林纱, 平纹细布) with a stiff finish (最后一层涂饰), very fine rather stiff cotton material used esp. for women’s dresses(蝉翼纱, 玻璃纱)。
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Unit4 无子女家庭：违背十万年来的繁衍规律课文翻译：二十好几的凯茜、韦恩夫妇结婚已有五年之久，没有孩子。
上次凯茜娘家有人问：“你们打算什么时候要孩子，组成一个家庭呢?”她答道：“我们已经是个家庭啦!”凯茜与韦恩属于决定不要孩子的年轻已婚夫妇群体，其人数正在日益增长。
最近一项调查显示在过去的五年中，年龄在25至29岁之间妇女不愿生养的百分比几乎翻了一番，在18至24岁的已婚妇女中几乎增至三倍。
在这个似乎大胆反抗生物性和社会性的决定后面隐藏着什么原因呢?或许最能公开坦陈心曲的无子女夫妇是《婴儿陷阱》一书的作者：埃伦，派克，其夫威廉，一位广告总经理兼全国不生养夫妇协会主席。
派克夫妇认为他们和协会均无意反对生儿育女，不过是反对不管人们是否愿意和需要孩子就迫使人们传宗接代的社会压力。
“这是一种生活方式的选择，”埃伦说，“我们选择自由和自愿，清净和闲暇。
这也是一个朝哪个方向付出努力的问题——在你自己的小家庭之内或在一个大的社团之中。
这一代人面临有关地球生命延续的严重问题以及生命质量的问题。
我们的孙辈也许将购票去观赏最后一批红杉或排队去获取氧气配给。
有人抱怨在回到有五个孩子的家途中被交通堵塞困住好几个小时，但是他们不能将孩子与交通堵塞联系起来。
在一个受到人口过剩一系列后果威胁的世界上，我们正在参与一项事业使膝下无子的生活模式为社会所接受并受世人尊重。
太多的孩子作为一种文化强制的后果而呱呱坠地，离婚和虐待儿童的相关统计充分揭露了这一结果。
”埃伦的丈夫补充说：“每位朋友、亲戚、同事不停地给你施加压力，劝你要孩子，说什么‘发现你生活中失去的东西’。
好多好多人很晚才发现，所谓他们失去的东西其实是他们完全不适合做的事情。
”埃伦还说：“从抱第一个洋娃娃开始，大到欣赏电视肥皂剧，成年后参加鸡尾酒会，无形之中，总有一种压力要你为人父母。
但是让我们来看看养育失败的比率吧，或许天下父母应该视为像当医生一样的专门职业。
有些人擅长此道，他们应当生养孩子；有些人一窍不通，他们应该认为他们还有其他的选择。
”专业观察家同意这一看法：很多人生养孩子没有正当的理由，有时候则完全没有理由。
男人常常稀里糊涂就当上了父亲，根本就没有作出审慎的选择；对许多妇女来说，怀孕能够成为一种方式来逃避不可解决的冲突，譬如，迅速获得名分，或改进自己的不良形象，以及满足童年时代未曾得到的关注和关爱的需要。
我与许多人类行为领域的专家交谈，探讨为什么那么多年轻夫妇决定不要孩子，他们的看法也是众说纷纭。
一位家庭治疗专家把不要孩子的决定描写为“对当今世界形势基本的本能反应”，暗示像动物群居本能那样的东西正在起作用，来应对人口过剩、城市拥挤、环境污染与核战争危险。
群居本能促使妇女感到繁殖人口有违心愿，并指引她们去寻找在家庭生活之外实现自我价值的新方式。
不止一位精神病医生暗示，凡是不愿生育的人有都自恋癖——觉得自己心甘情愿迫不得已，为照顾别人与受人照顾这个互相对立的内心冲突自圆其说。
有位精神病医生说：“这些人不能容忍照顾孩子的想法，他们没有多余的爱分享给孩子，”并补充道，“你们这是对亘古以来人类繁衍生生不息的离经叛道。
”他的另一位同事插话说：“情有可原嘛，我们谁不想为我们的欠缺找理由? 且不论他们的真正动机如何，或许这帮人本来就不该生孩子，同样的道理，我们应该有自由堕胎法。
在这个世界上只能让热心的人当父母。
”心理学家唐纳德·M·卡普兰认为虽然一些人总是选择不生育，但是我们现在看到的越来越多人不愿生育的现象频繁发生在这些20世纪40-50年代出生的孩子们身上，他们由性格类型被社会心理学家大卫·黎斯曼称之为“有自我原则的”转变成“无自我原则的”父母抚养成人，另外这些“无原则的”父母对子女产生两个相关的影响：一是给他们一种强烈的“自恋权利感”——这是人们期望从生活里面得到的东西；二是失去了确信感。
他说，他们更容易自我怀疑，更加专注自己的身体，生活方式，不大可能与他人保持稳定的依恋关系。
他认为这类人最有可能将生孩子的决定推迟。
这种决定不会更改，也不会取消。
“有许多年轻人对放弃受人照顾的角色和承担照顾人的角色显示出矛盾心态，”卡普兰博士说。
E·詹姆斯·安东尼博士是华盛顿大学医学院儿童精神病学的教授，《父母心理学和精神病理学》一书的合著者。
在最近的一次谈话中，安东尼博士说，很多和我交谈的人非常担心在这个并不太平的世界上自己的未来和孩子的未来。
过去在我们的文化中总有一种不言而喻的观念：生儿育女意义非凡、令人神往、丰富阅历、创造人生，如今这一理念似乎被人遗弃。
现在妇女似乎有许多其他的机会可以创造性地表现自己，而家庭生活要求她们放弃太多的东西，因此强调家庭生活是一项美好和有创造性的事情，一种对未来世界的奉献，反而根本无法唤起许多年轻人的回应。
“我认为形成时代风气的部分原因是现代父母的矛盾心理正在潜移默化地传递给他们的子女。
孩子是没完没了的负担，也许现在麻烦比以前更多。
孩子就是你的冤家债主。
他们发育早熟，青春期情绪发泄，吸毒，这些问题都会幽然浮现。
年轻人觉得，‘如果他们真的不需要我们，我们何必要去生孩子?’然后他们根据像什么是世界的前景这样的客观问题来合理解释这种想法。
他们提出诸如此类的问题：“为什么要给人口爆炸增添人口?为什么要制造人口，让他们面对下世纪即将来临的全部危机呢?”“尽管他们公开宣布不要孩子的动机，这个问题还是摆出来了：实际上今天的年轻人是否真的过上了更加滋润的生活。
我发现当今许多大学生感到意想不到的空虚。
他们生活在一个充满各种刺激的世界上，但是缺乏可能与这些基本生物性相关的内心满足感。
”专家们的看法会不尽相同，但是他们似乎都在说同一个观点：你要孩子还是不要孩子都不是真正的关键所在，重要的是你对所作所为感到心安理得。
如果你不要孩子，而且你为此事产生很多内心冲突，你将会因膝下无子而满目凄凉；如果你要了孩子又为之后悔，你就会苦不堪言，你的孩子也感到命苦。
问题的要领似乎是你要了解你自己，承认你内心深处的情感，不要因为迫不得已，或者是满足不现实的幻想，或者是奉父母之命，或者是逃避其他责任而做出如此重大的人生决策。
有些人害怕承认他们自己的这种感觉，类似许多接受采访的无子女夫妇那样能够承受自己的骂名——他们所谓的“自私自利”。
他们耻于承认他们宁愿外出旅游也不愿抚养儿女。
但是，如果那就是使他们最快乐的事情，那又怎么样呢?深藏在心底的情感是不容易改变的，如果你没有认识到你的真实情感，你就做不出适合你的决定。
如果不是绝大多数，起码也是很多的人，生儿育女的天伦之乐以及随之而来的苦恼麻烦就是生活的全部含义。
看到孩子不断发育并长大成人，看到自己的生命在他们身上延续，堪称一个人在阳世间最富有的人生体验。
但是也有一些人过着丰富多彩的一生，他们实现了另外的人生之路。
所幸我们生活在一个时代，其生活态度的自由化高达这样一个程度，使得越来越多的男男女女去质疑“人人都过的结婚生子”的生活方式，看看这个固定的模式是不是不适合自己。
如果越来越多的人在开始怀孕前就不断地扪心自问是否真的想要抚养儿女，世界上不幸的父母和苦命的孩子就会越来越少。
课后练习参考答案：A.1. a. coercive adj. 强制性的 b. coerced v. 被强制2. a. preoccupation n. 占据优势 b. preoccupied v. 关注3. a. reluctant adj. 不愿意 b. reluctance n. 踌躇4. a. adolescent n. 青少年 b. adolescence n. 青春期5. a. implication n. 含意 b. implicit adj. 暗含的6. a. ambivalence n.矛盾 b. ambivalent adj. 矛盾的7. a. maintenance n. 维护，保持 b. maintainability n. 可维护性8. a. privacy n. 独处，私密性 b. (in ) private 秘密地9. a. enthusiasm n. 热情 b. enthusiasts n. 热心者10. a . tolerance n. 宽容 b. tolerable adj. 可容忍的11. a. statisticians n. 统计员 b. statistics n. 数据12. a. rational adj. 理性的 b. rationality n. 理性B.1. cared for2. in terms of3. lies behind4. rings a bell5. passed on to6. went against7. lining up8. chiming in9. am open to11. brought upC.1. have evidenced—has evidenced2. that prevailed—that had prevailed3. associating—associated4. raise—raising5. on—to6. on—to7. reluctance—willingness8. have—having9. are the center—are not the center10. This reflects—This is reflectedD.1. Adolescents2. involved3. fact4. Therefore5. common6. or7. employed8. fewer9. negative10. contribute11. Studies12. people13. tend14. drop15. grownKey to the translation from English to Chinese:A.一些观察家提出，我们正在看到的这种现象根本就不是什么重大变化，或许它和性革命一样，不是人们行为上的而是表达方式上的一种剧变。
一位住在康涅狄格州的精神分析学家说，“也许，一直就有那么一群与众不同的人存着。
只不过他们现在从隐蔽外走了出来，公开表明了他们的观点，就像同性恋者那样。
我们这一时代的潮流就是干你想干的事而不是加以掩饰。
这些人身上所反映的不是什么变革而是人们现在越来越坦率直言的这样一个现象。
B.在最近几十年的时间里，人们渐渐地明白了一个事实，那就是：为数不多的妇女已不再接受并愿意扮演深居简出的传统母亲角色。
许多人认为家庭的重要性正日益消失。
妇女受教育程度的提高是造成这一文化的重要因素。
如今，百分之八十的妇女完成了四年制的高中学习。
而在1940年，完成这一阶段学习的妇女仅占百分之三十。