高三英语宾语补足语的用法

一、可以充当宾语补足语的词和词组有：
1、名词： We made him our monitor. They thought this good advice. They named their daughter Jenny.
注①：常用名词充当宾语补足语的动词有： call, name, elect, make, think, appoint, choose,
注：常用形容词充当宾语补足语的动词有：
believe, think, get, keep, make, find, set, like, wish, see, consider, prove, have, leave, 以及paint, drive, turn, cut 等。 3、现在分词：
I’m sorry to have kept you waiting for so long. I could feel the cold wind blowing on my face. At this moment she noticed the teacher coming in.
宾语补足语 的用法
英语的五个基本结构
S十V
主谓结构
S十V十P
主系表结构
S十V十O
主谓宾结构
S 十 V 十 O1 十 O2
主谓双宾结构
S十V十O十C
主谓宾补结构
说明：
S＝主语；V＝谓语；P＝表语；
O＝宾语；O1＝间接宾语；O2＝直接宾语；
C＝宾语补足语
1．S 十 V 句式 He runs quickly．他跑得快。 2．S 十 V 十 P 句式： The story sounds interesting．这个故事听起来有趣。 3．S 十 V 十 O 句式 They built a house last year．他们去年建了一所房子。 4．S 十 V 十 O1 十 O2 句式 He offered me his seat / his seat to me．他把座位让给我。 5．S 十 V 十 O 十 C 句式 They found her happy that day．他们发现那天她很高兴。 I found him out．我发现他出去了。 They named the boy Charlie．他们给这个男孩起名为查理。 I saw him come in and go out．我见他进来又出去。 They felt the car moving fast．他们感到汽车行驶得很快。 He found the door of study closed to him．他发现研究所的大 门对他关闭了。
二、宾语和其补足语之间的逻辑关系：
3、当过去分词充பைடு நூலகம்宾语补足语时，它与宾语之间 有着动宾关系，即：宾语是过去分词所表示的动 作的承受者，如：
I once heard this song sung in Japanese. (This song was once sung in Japanese.) I didn’t want the children taken out in such weather. (The children were taken out in such weather.)
三、在用现在分词或不定式作宾语补足语的动词中，有些只能用现 在分词作宾语补足语；有些只能用不定式作宾语补足语；还有的动 词既能用现在分词又可用不定式作宾语补足语：
1、只能用现在分词作宾语补足语的动词有：catch, keep, mind, prevent, stop, smell, excuse 等。例如： She caught her son smoking a cigarette. His words started me thinking.
一、可以充当宾语补足语的词和词组有： 4、动词不定式：
Nobody could make him change his mind. Would you like me to come along with you? He believed the earth to be a globe. 5、过去分词： He watched the TV set carried out of the room. Last year they had their house rebuilt. When you speak English, be sure to make yourself understood.
We made him our monitor. (He is our monitor.) You should keep your room clean and tidy. (Your room is clean and tidy.) We could hear the children singing in the classroom. (The children are singing in the classroom.)
find, consider, keep, wish, feel等。 注②：充当宾语补足语的名词若表示正式的或独 一无二的头衔、职位时，前面一般不用冠词，如：
They elected John chairman of the committee.
一、可以充当宾语补足语的词和词组有：
2、形容词： You should keep your room clean and tidy. We’d better leave the door open.
6．此外，副词和介词短语也可以充当 宾语补足语，如：
When do you want it back? Why didn’t you invite them in? We could hear the children at play outside.
二、宾语和其补足语之间的逻辑关系：
1、当名词、形容词、副词和介词短语充当宾语补足语时， 它们和宾语之间有着逻辑上的主谓关系，若无宾语补足语， 则句意不完整。宾语补足语说明宾语的情况、性质、特征、 状态、身份或属类等。试比较：