杨浦补习班 高中英语新王牌祝GF老师

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宾语从句

一、关联词

关联词又称“连词”或“引导词”，是宾语从句的重要组成部分。

连词：1.连接代词（that，who，whom，what，which）

2.连接副词（when，where，why，how）

3.从属连词（if，whether）由一般疑问句转变而来的宾语从句，用if或whether引导. 在试卷中一般依据从句中“缺什么补什么”的原则，结合上下文选用恰当的连词。如：

例1 A computer can only do _____ you have instructed it to do.

A. how

B. after

C. what

D. when

例2Mary wrote an article on _____ the team had failed to win the game.

A. why

B. what

C. who

D. that

例3The shopkeeper did not want to sell for ________ he thought was not enough.

A. where

B. how

C. what

D. which

例4The way he did it was different ________ we were used to.

A. in which

B. in what

C. from what

D. from which

例5He spoke proudly of his part in the game, without mentioning _____ his teammates had done.

A. what

B. which

C. why

D. while

二、语序

以从属连词（if，whether）、连接代词（what，which，who，whose）和连接副词（when，where，how，why）等引导的宾语从句用陈述句语序。

例6No one can be sure ______ in a million years.

A. what man will look like

B. what will man look like

C. man will look like what

D. what look will man like

例7The boss went up to ask _____.

A. what the matter was

B. what’s the matter

C. what was the matter

D. what the matter is

三、时态

宾语从句的时态要和主句相呼应:

1. 如果主句谓语动词是现在时或将来时，从句谓语动词时态可不受约束；

2. 如果主句谓语动词是过去时，从句谓语动词的时态须与之呼应；

3. 当从句叙述的是客观真理时，其谓语动词仍用现在时态。如：

例8The manager entered the office and was happy to learn four fifths of the tickets ________.

A. was booked

B. had been booked

C. were booked

D. have been booked

例9We were all surprised when he made it clear that he _____ office soon.

A. leaves

B. would leave

C. had left

D. had been away

例10—Do you work in the lab every afternoon? —No, but sometimes I wish I _________.

A. have time

B. had time to do

C. have time to

D. had time to

四、宾语从句的减缩式

宾语从句有时可减缩为“疑问词+不定式”的形式。

例11I’ve worked with children before, so I know what ________ in my new job.

A. expected

B. to expect

C. to be expecting

D. expects

例12It is said in Australia there is more land than the government knows ________.

A. it what to do with

B. what to do it with

C. what to do with it

D. to do what with it

例13The mother didn’t know_____ to blame for the broken glasses as it happened while she was out.

A. who

B. when

C. how

D. what

五、宾语从句的特殊式

1. 复合连接代词在宾语从句中的使用。如：

Sarah hopes to become a friend of __________________ shares her interest.

These wild flowers are so special I would do __________________ I can to save them.

It is generally considered unwise to give a child __________________ he or she wants.

I can’t remember at the moment __________________ has said the words.

You can’t tell what we are discussing here to _______ you think may be related to the case.

A. whoever

B. who

C. whomever

D. whom

Teachers often award scholarship to _______ they believe has performed well in all aspects.

A. whoever

B. whomever

C. who

D. whom

_________ leaves the classroom last is to lock the door.

A. Who

B. Whoever

C. Whom

D. Those who

2. it作形式宾语，从句作真正宾语。

（1）动词+ it + important / necessary / natural / etc. + that clause。That clause中谓语动词前可加should，亦可省略。如：

（2）动词+ it + 介词+ that clause。常见的有：

owe it to sb. + that clause，

leave it to sb. + that clause

take it for granted + that clause

keep it in mind + that clause

（3）动词+ it + clause。

英语中少数介词很活跃，能带从句作其宾语。如：I go to see a film except __________ it rains.

3. 含宾语从句的反意疑问句。

Brian told you that there wasn’t anyone in the room at that time, _________________?

当陈述部分主句的主语是第一人称，谓语动词是think / believe / suppose / guess / imagine / expect / suspect / feel等时，疑问部分的主语和谓语往往与陈述部分从句中的主语和谓语保持对应关系，此时实质上是将对主句的否定转移到对从句的否定上。如：

I don’t suppose anyone will volunteer, ________________?

4. _________________________________________________________________________。如：

5. 主语+ be +形容词+ clause。如：

例14The poor young man is ready to accept ________ help he can get.

A. whichever

B. however

C. whatever

D. whenever

例15_____ has helped to save the drowning girl is worth praising.