英语cloze

Unit1 P25

For quite a long time after man began to live in the _realm_ (1) of nature, he lived in fear of its destructive forces. He used to regard naturc with its _elemental_ (2)forces as something hostile to him. And even the forest was something wild and frightening to him. Very often, he was unable to _obtain__(3) the merest daily necessities though he worked together with others__stubbornly__(4) and collectively with his imtperfect tools. Through his interaction with nature, man changed it gradually. He cut down forest, cultivated land, _transferred__(5) various species of plants and animals to different climatic conditions, changed the shape and climate of his environment and _transformed__(6) plants and animals. He _subdued_ (7) and disciplined electricity and compelled it to serve the interests of society.

Nonetheless, wtth the constant _expansion__(8) of agriculture and industry, man has robbed nature of too much of its _irreplaceable__(9) resources, polluted his own living environment and caused about 95% of the species that have existed over the past 600 million years to become __extinct_ (10) and still many others to be endangered. The previous _dynamic_(1) balance between man and nature is on the _verge__(12)of breaking down. Man is now faced with the problem of how to stop,or at least to _moderate__(13) the destructive effect of technology on nature.

The crisis of the _ecological___(14) situation has become a global problem. The solution to the problem depends on __rational_ (15) and wise organization both of production itself and care for Mother Nature. This can only be done by all humanity, production itself and care for Mother Nature. This can rather than by individuals, enterprises or separate countries.

Unit2 P53

Technology is a "hot" issue nowadays. The defenders of technology stress it advantages while the opponents_emphasize__(1) its disadvantages. Neither side has ever taken the time to look at the_opposite_ (2)point of view.

The defenders of technology hold that with technology, ,people's living conditions have been greatly _ i mproved__ (3). For example the boom in productivity has made goods better and cheaper. Therefore, things that were once _luxuries_ (4),such as jet travel and long-distance phonec calls,have become necessities. Medical technology, in particular, has _benefited__(5)us a lot，especially in prolonging life expectancy.

On the other hand, the opponents of technology argue that technology makes life _obviously__(6)worse.Telemarketing, traffic jams, and identity theft are all phenomena.Telemarketing, traffic jams, and identity theft are all phenomena that make people _consciously_ (7) unhappy. In addition, many people believe technology disrupts relatongships'and _fractures_ (8) community.

Ever since the Industrial Revolution, the relationship between happiness and technology have been an _eternal_ (9) subject for social critics and philosophers, though economists and social scientists have seldom touched on the topic.However, in 1974 the economists Richard Easterlin did _groundbreaking_ (10) work on the relationship between prosperity and well-being, In his famous paper_entitled__(11) “Does Econnmic Growth improve the Human Lot?", Easterlin s howed that there was no real _correlation_(12) between nation's income level and its citizens' happiness in the developed countries.

In fact, technology is neither good nor bad.It _depends_(13)on what we want to do with it. Therefore, the responsibility belongs _exclusively_ (14)to humans who have to acquire a social conscienc., to respect human beings, nature and its balances.

Unit4 P113

Most people have work to do. With work, they can _enjoy_(1) their lives. However, people who did _ physical_(2) labor were looked down upon in the past. Many people were _compelled__(3) to take manrual lahor becaiise it was an absolute _ necessity__(4) for them to earn a living and to _ support_ (5) their families. By contrast, people who did _ mental__(6) work werc highly rcspected. Under the influence of this idea, even today some pcoplc still _ idealize__(7) their future when making choices for their career. What they care most about is whether thejob can give them enough social _ status_ (8) rather than whether they can realize their _values_ (9) in it. In their eyes, those who do manual labor should still be _ classified_(10) as inferior in social status.

In fact, there is no _ essential_ (11) difference between those who work with their hands and those who work with their _mind_(12). Whether ajob is labor or work does not depend on th ejob itself but on people's _attitude_ (13) towards it.As long as you like your job, you will think you are_fortunate_(14) enough to take it and you will do it enthusiastically.