形容词的比较级和最高级知识讲解及练习整理

形容词的比较级和最高级知识讲解及练习

2Task1. 形容词的主要句法功能（让学生举例说明）

1.做定语，放于名词前或不定代词后。如：I have something interesting

to tell you.

2.做表语，放于系动词后。如：The book is very useful.

3.做宾语补足语，放在keep, make, leave, find等动词的宾语后做宾语

补足语。如：Don’t keep the door closed.

4.以a-开头的形容词alive, asleep, afraid, alone等一般只做表语（alive

有时可做后置定语）

5.the 加上某些形容词相当于名词，表示某一类人或事物。如：The

blind need help.

6.修饰表示长度、宽度和厚度等计量单位的词时，要后置。如：half a

meter deep

7.下列以- ly 结尾的词是形容词而不是副词：friendly, silly,

lovely,lonely,lively等。

8.多个形容词作定语时顺序，“限观形龄颜国材”。如: a small old blank

wooden desk

Task2.副词的主要句法功能（学生举例说明）

9.做状语，修饰形容词副词，通常放在所修饰词之前；修饰动词时，

一般放在被修饰词之后；位于句首，修饰整个句子。Luckily, he wasn’t badly hurt.

10.做定语，一般放在所修饰词之后。如：the people here, the man

upstairs

11形容词变副词规则变化：

①直接加 ly ②以“辅音+y 结尾的词，变y为 i，再加-ly”③le结尾变le

为 ly

Eg: possible--- possibly terrible--- terrible comfortable –comfortably simple—simply gentle---gently④本身既是形容词也是副词fast ,early , high , hard , late ,far ,wide ,alone⑤初中阶段唯一一个需要去掉字母e的单词 true --truly⑥不用去掉字母e。类似的词还有：widely, nicely, closely, rudely, bravely, extremely, politely

12enough 形容词和副词的后面13hard/hardly几乎不

Ⅰ. 常见的形容词及比较级和最高级的构成

（1）规则变化：

①单音节和部分双音节的形容词一般在词尾加-er

Eg: calm---calmer tall---taller smart---smarter

②以字母e结尾的直接在词尾加-r

Eg: nice---nicer fine---finer large---larger

③以“辅音+y 结尾的词，变y为 i，再加-er”

Eg: early---earlier happy---happier busy---busier

④以重读闭音节的单个辅音字母结尾的词，双写辅音字母，再加-er

Eg: big---bigger thin---thinner hot---hotter

⑤多音节或部分双音节的形容词在原级前面加more

Eg: popular---more popular important---more important

原级比较级最高级

goo/ well better best

many/ much more most

bad / badly（坏地）worse worst

little less least

old Older（年龄）/ elder(辈份)oldest/ eldest

far farther距离/ further（深奥的）farthest/ furthest

⒈表达“A大于B”用 A … 比较级+than B

①. Tom比我胖。Tom is _____ (fat) than me.

②. 他的头发比我的短。His hair is ________(short) than _________.

He has ________ (short) hair than ________.

(注意比较对象的一致性)

③. 英语比语文重要。English is _______________ (important) than Chinese.

④. 我来的比你晚。I come _______ (late) than you.（副词的比较级）

⒉表达“A和B一样”，用 A … as 原级as B

①他和我一样高。He is as ________ (tall) as I/me.

②英语比语文重要。English is as _______________ (important) as

Chinese.

③他的头发和我的头发一样长。His hair is ________ ________ _______

mine.

④他学习和你一样努力。He works _______ hard ______ you.

⒊表达“A不如B”，用A …not+as/so+原级+as+B。

①辆车不像那辆车一样贵。This car is ______ _______ _______

（expensive）that one.

=This car is ______ _______ / than that

one.

=That car is ______ _______ than this one.

②今天没有昨天暖和。Today ______ _______ _______(warm) _______

yesterday.

=Yesterday ______ ________ than today.