2016考研英语一完型填空详解与翻译
2016年考研英语(一)完形填空解析
2016年考研英语(一)完形填空解析●“完形,完形,做完就行!?”考研英语中完形填空这一伴随着我们几代人学习与成长的极具历史使命感的题型却向来因其分值不高,耗神不少的特点而被广大考研学子怒视为“老大难”题型, 更有一众童鞋直到交卷前短短几分钟, 甚至几秒钟才开始启用那酝酿了二十多年的神一般的语感来匆匆蒙猜那些不甚了了的选项, 聊以慰藉惴惴的心情.●“完形,完形,咋做才行!?”书上说: “对于考研完形填空这一题型,一定要采取一种科学的,理性的,严谨的做题方式,切不可随心所欲,任意猜度.”其实,考研完形填空从文章段落角度看似天马星空,但在选项设计方面却并非无迹可寻. 想要得分，必须牢牢抓住出题者设计选项的意图，也就是我们俗称的考点！细细研读之后不难发现, 考研完形填空所涉及的核心考点无非三类:1.词汇辨析2.固定搭配3.语境逻辑其中,语境逻辑在完形填空的理解和答题过程中显得尤为重要, 我们需要放眼全局,充分把握上下语境中的关键信息,如褒贬色彩, 正反关系,并列转折等,才能有效提高正确率. 以2016年考研英语(一)的完形填空为例:完形填空的首句通常不会出题，旨在告知文章主题，如2016年考研英语(一)的完形填空首句：In Cambodia, the choice of a spouse is a complex one for the young male. 即，本文围绕“柬埔寨青年男女的婚嫁习俗”这一主题而层层展开.●语境逻辑考点：文章开头空格1, 空格2均考察语境逻辑，如,In Cambodia, the choice of a spouse is a complex one for the young male. It may involve not only his parents and his friends, __1__those of the young woman, but also a matchmaker. 空格1立足并列关系语境not only…but also，该空格之后的those指代前文出现的“parents and friends”，显然“the young man”与“the young woman”为并列关系，于是，不难选定并列关系词as well as;再如，依据空格2前后的人物信息，A young man can __2__ a likely spouse on his own，即主语a young man与宾语a likely spouse的关系，以及词组on his own (按照自己的想法) 可以推知答案只能是decide on“决定”，表示自己决定自己的配偶。
考研英语一完型填空详解与翻译
2016In Cambodia, the choice of a spouse is a complex one for the young male. It may involve not only his parents and his friends, __1__those of the young woman, but also a matchmaker. A young man can __2__ a likely spouse on his own and then ask his parents to __3__the marriage negotiations, or the young man’s parents may take the choice of a spouse, giving the child little to say in the selection. __4__, a girl may veto the spouse her parents have chosen. __5__ a spouse has been selected, each family investigates the other to make sure its child is marrying __6__ a good family.The traditional wedding is a long and colorful affair. Formerly it lasted three days, __7__1980s it more commonly lasted a day and a half. Buddhist priests offer a short sermon and __8__ prayers of blessing. Parts of the ceremony involve ritual hair cutting, __9__cotton threads soaked in holy water around the bride's and groom's wrists, and __10__a candle around a circle of happily married and respected couples to bless the __11__. Newlyweds traditionally move in with the wife's parents and may__12__ with them up to a year, __13__they can build a new house nearby.Divorce is legal and easy to __14__, but not common. Divorced persons are __15__ with some disapproval. Each spouse retains ___16___ property he or she __17__ into the marriage, andjointly-acquired property is __18__ equally. Divorced persons may remarry, but a gender prejudice __19__up. The divorced male doesn't have a waiting period before he can remarry __20__the woman must wait ten months.1. A. by way of B. with regard to C. on behalf of D. as well as2. A. decide on B. provide for C. compete with D. adapt to3. A. close B. arrange C. renew D. postpone4. A. In theory B. Above all C. In time D.For example5. A. Unless B. Less C. After D. Although6. A. into B. within C. from D. through7. A. or B. since C. but D. so8. A. test B. copy C. recite D. create9. A. folding B. piling C. wrapping D. tying10. A. passing B. lighting C. hiding D. serving11. A. association B. meeting C. collection D. union12. A. deal B. part C. grow D. live13. A. whereas B. until C. for D. if14. A. avoid B. follow C. challenge D. obtain15. A. isolated B. persuaded C. viewed D. exposed16. A. wherever B. whatever C. whenever D. however17. A. changed B. brought C. shaped D. pushed18. A. invested B. divided C. donated D. withdrawn19. A. warms B. clears C. shows D. breaks20. A. while B. so that C. once D. in that在柬埔寨，伴侣的选择关于年轻男性来说是一个复杂的问题。
2016考研英一 完型答案
2016年考研英一完型答案1.[A]by way of[B]on behalf of[C]as well as[D]with regard to[标准答案][C]as well as[考点分析]逻辑关系[选项分析]因为考查逻辑关系，所以需要我们先对填空前后的原文信息做定位分析：空格处身处大环境not only…but also之中，这是一个明显的并列关系，表示“不仅……而且……”，该空后面的those指代前文出现的“parents and friends”，显然“the young man”与“the young woman”为并列关系，表示“与他本人以及伴侣的父母朋友相关”，所以答案只能是[C]项as well as也，又。
[A]项by way of通过，[D]项with regard to关于，[B]项on behalf of代表。
2.[A]adapt to[B]provide for[C]compete with[D]decide on[标准答案][D]decide on[考点分析]上下文语义[选项分析]根据该句的主语a young man与宾语a likely spouse的关系，答案只能是[D]项decide on“决定”，表示自己决定自己的配偶。
[B]项provide for 为……提供准备……，provide为及物动词，直接跟宾语，不需要加介词；[C]项compete with“与……竞争”，[A]项adapt to“适用”。
3.[A]close[B]remew[C]arrange[D]postpone[标准答案][C]arrange[考点分析]上下文语义及动词辨析[选项分析]该句意思为：他可以自己选择自己中意的伴侣并让父母_____婚姻谈判。
四个选项中，[A]项close关闭；[B]项renew更新，恢复；[D]项postpone 推迟；这三项语义不正确，只有[C]项arrange“安排”符合语境。
2016考研英语一答案解析完整版
2016考研英语一答案解析完整版完形填空1. D. as well as2. A. decide on3. B. arrange4. A. In theory5. C. After6. A. into7. C. but8. C. recite9. D. tying10. A. passing11. D. union12. D. live13. B. until14. D. obtain15. C. viewed16. B. Whatever17. B. brought18. B. divided19. C. shows20. A. while阅读理解Text 121：A. physical beauty would be redefined22：D. doing harm to23：B. new standards are being set in Denmark24：C. showing little concern for health factors25：A. A Challenge to the Fashion Industry's Body IdealsText 226. [D] is not well reflected in politics.27. [A] gradually destroyed.28. [D] Ukip may gain from its support for rural conservation.29. [B] shows his disregard for the character of rural areas.30. [D] the town-and-country planning in Britain.Text 331: B. skepticism32: A. winning trust from consumers33: C. less severe34: A. has an impact on their decision35: B. The necessary amount of companies' spending on it is unknown.Text436. [A] the high cost of operation37. [D] make strategic adjustments38. [B] is meant for the most loyal customers39. [C] ag gre ssiveness better meets challenges40. [C] Make your Print Newspaper a Luxury Good新题型 7选541. C. Decide if the time is right42. G. Know your goals43. D. Understand the context44. E. Work with professionals45. F. Make it efficient46.We don’t have to learn how to be mentally healthy, it is built into us in the same way that our bodies know how to heal a cut or mend a broken bone.就像我们的身体知道怎样让伤口修复或者让伤骨痊愈一样，我们并不需要去学会如何保持健康的心理。
2016考研英语完形填空真题解析
【真题例举】As many people hit middle age, they often start to notice that their memory and mental clarity are not what they used to be. We suddenly can't remember 1 we put the keys just a moment ago, or an old acquaintance's name, or the name of an old band we used to love. As the brain 2 , we refer to these occurrences as "senior moments."3 seemingly innocent, this loss of mental focus can potentially have a(an)4 impact on our professional, social, and personal5 .Neuroscientists, experts who study the nervous system, are increasingly showing that there's actually a lot that can be done. It 6 out that the brain needs exercise in much the same way our muscles do, and the right mental 7 can significantly improve our basic cognitive 8 . Thinking is essentially a 9 of making connections in the brain. To a certain extent, our ability to 10 in making the connections that drive intelligence is inherited.11 , because these connections are made through effort and practice, scientists believe that intelligence can expand and fluctuate 12 mental effort.Now, a new Web-based company has taken it a step 13 and developed the first "brain training program" designed to actually help people improve and regain their mental 14 .The Web-based program 15 you to systematically improve your memory and attention skills. The program keeps 16 of your progress and provides detailed feedback 17 your performance and improvement. Most importantly, it 18 modifies and enhances the games you play to 19 on the strengths you are developing--much like a(n) 20 exercise routine requires you to increase resistance and vary your muscle use.1.[A]where [B]when [C]that [D]why2.[A]improves [B]fades [C]recovers [D]collapses3.[A]If [B]Unless [C]Once [D]While4.[A]uneven [B]limited [C]damaging [D]obscure5.[A]wellbeing [B]environment [C]relationship [D]outlook6.[A]turns [B]finds [C]points [D]figures7.[A]roundabouts [B]responses [C]workouts [D]associations8.[A]genre [B]functions [C]circumstances [D]criterion9.[A]channel [B]condition [C]sequence [D]process10.[A]persist [B]believe [C]excel [D]feature11.[A]Therefore [B]Moreover [C]Otherwise [D]However12.[A]according to [B]regardless of [C]apart from [D]instead of13.[A]back [B]further [C]aside [D]around14.[A]sharpness [B]stability [C]framework [D]flexibility15.[A]forces [B]reminds [C]hurries [D]allows16.[A]hold [B]track [C]order [D]pace17.[A] to [B]with [C]for [D]on18.[A]irregularly [B]habitually [C]constantly [D]unusually19.[A]carry [B]put [C]build [D]take20.[A]risky [B]effective [C]idle [D]familiar考察逻辑关系第1题，答案A【解析】空白处的词语作“We suddenly can't remember〞的宾语，同时在宾语从句“we put the keys just a moment ago〞中作状语。
2016年度考研英语一真题与答案解析
2016年度考研英语一真题与答案解析2016考研英语(一)真题及参考答案2015年12月28日Section I Use of EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points) In Cambodia the choice of a spouse is a complex one for the young male. It may involve not only his parents and his friends, 1 those of the young women, but also a matchmaker. A young man can 2 a likely spouse on his own and them ask his parents to 3 the marriage negotiations. or the young man’s parents may make the choice of a spouse, giving the child little to say in the selection. 4 , a girl may veto the spouse her parents have chosen. 5 a spouse has been selected, each family investigates the other to make sure its child is marrying 6 a good family.The traditional wedding is a long and colorful affair. Formerly it lasted three days 7 by the 1980s it more commonly lasted a day and a half. Buddhist priests offer a short sermon and 8 prayers of blessing. Parts of the ceremony involve ritual hair cutting, 9 cotton threads soaked in holy water around the bride’s and groom’s wrists ,and 10 a candle around a circle of happily married and respected couples to bless the 11 . Newlyweds traditionally mo ve in with the wife’s parents and may 12 with them up to a year, 13 they can build a flew house nearby.Divorce is legal and easy to 14 , but not common .Divorced persons are 15 with some disapproval. Each spouse retains 16 property he or she 17 into the marriage, and jointly –acquired property is 18 equally. Divorced persons may remarry, but a gender prejudice 19 up .The divorced male doesn’t have a waiti ng period before he can remarry 20 the woman must wait the months.1. [A] by way of [B] as well as [C] on behalf of [D] with regard to2. [A] adapt to [B] provide for [C]compete with [D] decide on3. [A] close [B] renew [C]arrange [D] postpone4. [A] In theory [B] Above all [C] In time [D] For example5. [A] Although [B] Lest [C] After [D] Unless6. [A] into [B] within [C] from [D] through7. [A] sine [B] or [C] but [D] so8. [A] test [B]copy [C]recite [D] create9. [A] folding [B] piling [C] wrapping [D] tying10. [A] lighting [B] passing [C] hiding [D] serving11. [A] meeting [B] association [C] collection [D]union12. [A] grow [B] part [C] deal [D]live13. [A] whereas [B] until [C] for [D] ifdeny access for designers and modeling agencies to Copenhagen. Fashion week, which is men by the Danish Fashion Institute .But in general it relies on a name-and-shame method of compliance.Relying on ethical persuasion rather than law to address the misuse of body ideals may be the best step. Even better would be to help elevate notions of beauty beyond the material standards of a particular industry.21. According to the first paragraph, what would happen in France?[A] Physical beauty would be redefined[B] New runways would be constructed[C] Websites about dieting would thrive[D] The fashion industry would decline22. The phrase “impinging on”(Line2 Para2) is closest in meaning to[A] heightening the value of[B] indicating the state of[C] losing faith in[D] doing harm to23. Which of the following is true of the fashion industry[A] The French measures have already failed[B] New standards are being set in Denmark[C] Models are no longer under peer pressure[D] Its inherent problems are getting worse24. A designer is most likely to be rejected by CFW for[A] setting perfect physical conditions[B] caring too much about models’ character[C] showing little concern for health factors[D] pursuing a high age threshold for models25. Which of the following maybe the best title of the text?[A] A challenge to the Fashion Industry’s Body Ideals[B] A Dilemma for the starving models in France[C] Just Another Round of struggle for beauty[D] The Great Threats to the Fashion IndustryText 2For the first time in the history more people live in towns than in the country. In Britain this has had a curious result. While polls show Britons rate “the countryside”alongside the royal family. Shakespeare and the National Health Service (NHS) as what make them proudest of their country, this has limited political support.A century ago Octavia Hill launched the National Trust not to rescue stylish houses but to save “the beauty of natural places for everyone forever”. It was specifically to provide city dwellers with spaces for leisure where they could experience “a refreshing air”. Hill’s pressure later led to the creation of national parks and green belts. They don’t make countryside any more, and every year concrete consumes more of it .It needs constant guardianship.At the next election none of the big parties seem likely to endorse this sentiment. The Conservatives’planning reform explicitly gives rural development priority over conservation,even authorizing “off–plan” building where local people might object. The concept of sustainable development has been defined as profitable. Labour likewise wants to discontinue local planning where councils oppose development. The Liberal Democrats are silent only u sensing its chance, has sides with those pleading for a more considered approach to using green land. Its campaign to protect Rural England struck terror into many local conservative parties.The sensible place to build new houses factories and offices is where people are in cities and towns where infrastructure is in place. The London agents Stirling Ackroyed recently identified enough sites for half of million houses in the Landon area alone with no intrusion on green belts. What is true of London is even truer of the provinces. The idea that “housing crisis”equals “concreted meadows” is pure lobby talk. The issue is not the need for more houses but, as always, where to put them under lobby pressure, George Osborne favours rural new-build against urban renovation and renewal. He favours out-of-town shopping sites against high streets. This is not a free market but a biased one. Rural towns and villages have grown and will always grow. They do so best where building sticks to their edges and respects their character. We do not ruin urban conservation areas. Why ruin rural ones?Development should be planned, not let trip, After the Netherlands, Britain is Europe’s most crowed country. Half a century of town and country planning has enable it to retain an enviable rural coherence, while still permitting low-density urban living. There is no doubt of the alternative-the corrupted landscapes of southern Portugal, Spain or Ireland. Avoiding this rather than promoting it should unite the left and right of the political spectrum.26. Britain’s public sentiment about the countryside[A] is not well reflected in politics[B] is fully backed by the royal family[C] didn’t start fill the Shakespearean age[D] has brought much benefit to the NHS27. According to paragraph 2，the achievements of the National Trust are now being[A] largely overshadowed[B] properly protected[C] effectively reinforced[D] gradually destroyed28. Which of the following can be offered from paragraph 3[A] Labour is under attack for opposing development[B] The Conservatives may abandon “off-plan” building[C] Ukip may gain from its support for rural conservation[D] The Liberal Democrats are losing political influence29. The author holds that George Osbornes’s preference[A] shows his disregard for the character of rural area[B] stresses the necessity of easing the housing crisis[C] highlights his firm stand against lobby pressure[D] reveals a strong prejudice against urban areas30. In the last paragraph the author show his appreciation of[A] the size of population in Britain[B] the enviable urban lifestyle in Britain[C] the town-and-country planning in Britain[D] the political life in today’s BritainText 3“There is one and only one social responsibility of business” wrote Milton Friedman, a Nobel Prize-winning economist “That is, to use its resources and engage in activities designed to increase its profits.”But even if you accept Friedman’s premise and regard corporate social responsibility(CSR) policies as a waste of shareholders’s money, things may not be absolutely clear-act. New research suggests that CSR may create monetary value for companies at least when they are prosecuted for corruption.The largest firms in America and Britain together spend more than $15 billion a year on CSR, according to an estimate by EPG, a consulting firm. This could add value to their businesses in three ways. First, consumers may take CSR spending as a “signal”that a company’s products are of high quality. Second, customers may be willing to buy a company’s products as an indirect may to donate to the good causes it helps. And third, through a more diffuse “halo effect”whereby its good deeds earn it greater consideration from consumers and others.Previous studies on CSR have had trouble differentiating these effects because consumers can be affected by all three. A recent study attempts to separate them by looking at bribery prosecutions under American’s Foreign Corrupt Practices Act（FCPA）.It argues that since prosecutors do not consume a company’s products as part of their investigations，they could be influenced only by the halo effect.The study found that，among prosecuted firms，those with the most comprehensive CSR programmes tended to get more lenient penalties. Their analysis ruled out the possibility that it was firm’s political influence, rather than their CSR stand, that accounted for the leniency: Companies that contributed more to political campaigns did not receive lower fines.In all, the study concludes that whereas prosecutors should only evaluate a case based on its merits, they do seem to be influenced by a company’s record in CSR. “We estimate that either eliminating a substantial labour-rights concern, such as child labour, or increasing corporate giving by about20% result in fines that generally are 40% lower than the typical punishment for bribing foreign officials.” says one researcher.Researchers admit that their study does not answer the question at howmuch businesses ought to spend on CSR. Nor does it reveal how much companies are banking on the halo effect, rather than the other possible benefits, when they companies get into trouble with the law, evidence of good character can win thema less costly punishment.31. The author views Milton Friedman’s statement about CSR with[A] uncertainty[B] skepticism[C] approval[D] tolerance32. According to Paragraph 2, CSR helps a company by[A] guarding it against malpractices[B] protecting it from consumers[C] winning trust from consumers.[D] raising the quality of its products33. The expression “more lenient”(line 2,Para.4)is closest in meaning to[A] less controversial[B] more lasting[C] more effective[D] less severe34. When prosecutors evaluate a case, a company’s CSR record[A] comes across as reliable evidence[B] has an impact on their decision[C] increases the chance of being penalized[D] constitutes part of the investigation35. Which of the following is true of CSR according to the last paragraph?[A] The necessary amount of companies spending on it is unknown[B] Companies’ financial capacity for it has been overestimated[C] Its negative effects on businesses are often overlooked[D] It has brought much benefit to the banking industryText 4There will eventually come a day when The New York Times ceases to publish stories on newsprint. Exactly when that day will be is a matter of debate. “Sometime in the future,” the paper’s publisher said back in 2010.Nostalgia for ink on paper and the rustle of pages aside, there’s plenty of incentive to ditch print. The infrastructure required to make a physical newspaper―printing presses, delivery trucks ―isn’t just expensive; it’s excessive at a time when online-only competitors don’t have the same set of financial constraints. Readers are migrating away from print anyway. And though print ad sales still dwarf their online and mobile counterparts, revenue from print is still declining.Overhead may be high and circulation lower, but rushing to eliminate its print edition would be a mistake, says BuzzFeed CEO Jonah Peretti.Peretti says the Times shouldn’t waste time getting out of the print business,but only if they go about doing it the right way. “Figuring out a way to accelerate that transition would make sense for them,” he said, “but if you discontinue it, you’re going have your most loyal customers really upset with you.”Sometimes that’s worth making a change anyway. Peretti gives the example of Netflix discontinuing its DVD-mailing service to focus on streaming. “It was seen as blunder,” he said. The move turned out to be foresighted. And if Peretti were in charge at the Times? “I wouldn’t pick a year to end print,”he said “I would raise prices and make it into more of a legacy product.”The most loyal customers would still get the product they favor, the idea goes, and they’d feel like they were helping sustain the quality of something they believe in. “So if you’re overpaying for print, you could feel like you were helping,”Peretti said. “Then increase it at a higher rate each year and essentially try to generate additional revenue.”In other words, if you’re going to make a print product, make it for the people who are already obsessed with it. Which may be what the Times is doing already. Getting the print edition seven days a week costs nearly $500 a year ― more than twice as much as a digital ― only subscription.“It’s a really hard thing to do and it’s a tremendous luxury that BuzzFeed doesn’t have a legacy business,”Peretti remarked. “But we’re going to have questions like that where we have things we’re doing that don’t make sense when the market changes and the world changes. In those situations, it’s better to be more aggressive that less aggressive.”36. The New York Times is considering ending it’s print edition partly due to[A] the increasing online and sales[B] the pressure from its investors[C] the complaints from its readers[D] the high cost of operation37. Peretti suggests that in face of the present situation, The Times should[A] make strategic adjustments[B] end the print sedition for good[C] seek new sources of leadership[D] aim for efficient management38. It can be inferred from paragraphs 5and 6 that a “ legacy product”[A] helps restore the glory of former times[B] is meant for the most loyal customers[C] will have the cost of printing reduced[D] expands the popularity of the paper39. Peretti believes that in a changing world[A] traditional luxuries can stay unaffected[B] cautiousness facilitates problem-solving[C] aggressiveness better meets challenges[D] legacy businesses are becoming out dated40. Which of the following would be the best title of the text?[A] shift to online newspapers all at once[B] Cherish the Newspapers still in Your Hand[C] keep Your Newspapers Forever in Fashion[D] Make Your print Newspapers a luxury GoodPart BDirections: Read the following text and answer the questions by choosing the most suitable subheading from the list A-G for each of the numberedparagraphs (41-45). There are two extra subheadings. Mark youranswers on the ANSER SHEET. (10 point)[A] Create a new image of yourself[B] Decide if the time is right[C] Have confidence in yourself[D] Understand the context[E] Work with professionals[F] Make it efficient[G] Know your goalsNo matter how formal or informal the work environment, the way you present yourself has an impact. This is especially true in the first impressions. According to research from Princeton University , people assess your competence, trustworthiness, and likeability in just a tenth of a second, solely based on the way you look.The difference between today’s workplace and the “dress for success”era is that the range of options is so much broader. Norms have evolved and fragmented. In some settings, red sneakers or dress T-shirts can convey status; in other not so much. Plus, whatever image we present is magnified by social-media services like LinkedIn. Chances are, your headshots are seen much more often now than a decade or two ago. Millennials, it seems, face the paradox of being the least formal generation yet the most conscious of style and personal branding. It can be confusing.So how do we navigate this? How do we know when to invest in an upgrade? And what’s the best way to pull off one than enhances our goals? Here are some tips:41As an executive coach, I’ve seen image upgrades be particular helpful during transitions-when looking for a new job, stepping into a new or more public role, or changing work environments. If you’re in a period of change or just feeling stuck and in a rut, now may be a good time. If you’re not sure, ask for honest feedback from trusted friends, colleagues and professionals. Look for cues about how others perceive you. Maybe there’s no need for an upgrade and that’s OK42Get clear on what impact you’re hoping to have. Are you looking to refresh your image or pivot it? For one person, the goal may be to be taken more seriously and enhance their professional image. For another, it may be to beperceived as more approachable, or more modern and stylish. For someone moving from finance to advertising, maybe they want to look more “SoHo.” (It’s OK to use characterizations like that )43Look at your work environment like an anthropologist. What are the norms of your environment? What conveys status? Who are your most important audiences? How do the people you respect and look up to present themselves? The better you understand the cultural context, the more control you can have over your impact.44Enlist the support of professionals and share with them your goals and context. Hire a personal stylist, or use the free styling service of a store like J. Crew. Try a hair stylist instead of a barber. Work with a professional photographer instead of your spouse or friend. It’s not as expensive as you might think.45The point of a style upgrade isn’t to become more vain or to spend more time fussing over what to wear. Instead, use it as an opportunity to reduce decision fatigue. Pick a standard work uniform or a few go-to options. Buy all your clothes at once with a stylist instead of shopping alone, one article of clothing at a time.Part CDirections: Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written neatly on theANSWER SHEET. (10 points)Mental health is our birthright. (46) we don’t have to learn how to be mentally healthy, it is built into us in the same way that our bodies know how to heal a cut or mend a broken bone. Mental health can’t be learned, only reawakened. It is like immune system of the body, which under stress or through lack of nutrition or exercise can be weakened, but which never leaves us. When we don’t understand the value of mental health and we don’t know how to gain access to it, mental health will remain hidden from us. (47) Our mental health doesn’t go anywhere, like the sun behind a cloud, it can be temporarily hidden from view, but it is fully capable of being restored in an instant.Mental health is the seed that contains self-esteem –confidence in ourselves and an ability to trust in our common sense. It allows us to have perspective on our lives-the ability to not take ourselves too seriously, to laugh at ourselves, to see the bigger picture, and to see that things will work out. It’s a form of innate or unlearned optimism. (48) Mental health allows us to view others with sympathy if they are having troubles, with kindness if they are in pain, and with unconditional love no matter who they are. Mental health is the source of creativity for solving problems, resolving conflict, making our surroundings more beautiful, managing our home life, or coming up with a creative businessidea or invention to make our lives easier. It gives us patience for ourselves. And toward others as well as patience while driving, catching a fish, working on our car, or raising a child. It allows us to see the beauty that surrounds us each moment in nature, in culture, in the flow of our daily lives.(49)Although mental health is the cure-all for living our lives, it is perfecting ordinary as you will see that it has been there to direct you through all your difficult decisions. It has been available even in the most mundane of life situations to show you right from wrong, good from bad, friend from foe. Mental health has commonly been called conscience, instinct, wisdom, common sense, or the inner voice, we think of it simply as a health and helpful flow of intelligent thought. (50) As you will come to see, knowing that mental health is always available and knowing to trust it allow us to slow down to the moment and live life happily.Section III WritingPart A51. Directions: Suppose you are a librarian in your university. Write a notice ofabout 100 words. Providing the newly-enrolled internationalstudents with relevant information about the library.You should write neatly on the ANSWER SHEET.Do not sign your own name at the end of the notice. Use Li Ming instead.Do not write the address. (10 points)Part B52. Directions: Write an essay of 160-200 words based on the following pictures Inyour essay, you should1) describe the pictures briefly2) interpret the meaning , and3) give your commentsYou should write neatly on the ANSWER SHEET.(20 points)Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter. Use Li Ming instead.Do not write the address. (10 points)【参考答案】：Section I1-5 BDCAC 6-10 ACCDB 11-15 DDBAC 16-20 DBACASection IIPart A21-25. ADBCA 26-30. ADCDD 31-35. ACDBA 36-40. DABCDPart B41-45. BGDEFPart C46. 我们不必一定去学习如何做到心理健康，这种能力植根于我们自身，就像我们的身体知道如何愈合伤口，如何修复断骨。
2016考研英语一真题原文及答案(完整文字版)解析
2016考研英语一真题原文及答案(完整文字版)解析2016考研英语一真题原文及答案（完整文字版）解析紧张的2016英语初试结束了，凯程教育的电话瞬间变成了热线，同学们兴奋地汇报自己的答题情况，几乎所有内容都在凯程考研集训营系统训练过，英语专业课难度与往年相当，答题的时候非常顺手，英语题型今年是选择题，阅读题、作文题，相信凯程的学员们对此非常熟悉，预祝亲爱的同学们复试顺利。
英语分笔试、面试，如果没有准备，或者准备不充分，很容易被挂掉。
如果需要复试的帮助，同学们可以联系凯程老师辅导。
下面凯程英语老师把英语的真题全面展示给大家，供大家估分使用，以及2017年考英语的同学使用，本试题凯程首发，转载注明出处。
2016年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语（一）真题及答案（完整版）（注：以下选项标红加粗为正确答案）Section I Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET.(10 points)In Cambodia the choice of a spouse is a complex one for the young male. It may involve not only his parents and his friends,１those of the young women, but also a matchmaker. A young man can 2 a likely spouse on his own and them ask his parents to 3 the marriage negotiations. or the young man's parents may make the choice of a spouse, giving the child little to say in the selection. 4 , a girl may veto the spouse her parents have chosen. 5 a spouse has been selected, each family investigates the other to make sure its child is marrying 6 a good family.doesn't have a waiting period before he can remarry 20 the woman must wait the months.1. [A] by way of [B] as well as [C] on behalf of [D] with regard to2. [A] adapt to [B] provide for [C]compete with [D] decide on3. [A] close [B] renew [C]arrange [D] postpone4. [A] In theory [B] Above all [C] In time [D] For example5. [A] Although [B] Lest [C] After [D] Unless6. [A] into [B] within [C] from [D] through7. [A] sine [B] or [C] but [D] so8. [A] test [B]copy [C]recite [D]create9. [A] folding [B] piling [C] wrapping [D] tying10. [A] lighting [B] passing [C] hiding [D] serving11. [A] meeting [B] association [C] collection [D]union12. [A] grow [B] part [C] deal [D]live13. [A] whereas [B] until [C] for [D] if14. [A] obtain [B] follow [C] challenge [D]avoid15. [A] isolated [B] persuaded [C] viewed [D] exposed16. [A]wherever [B] however [C] whenever [D]whatever17. [A] changed [B] brought [C] shaped [D] pushed18. [A] divided [B] invested [C] donated [D] withdrawn19. [A]clears [B] warms [C] shows [D] breaks20. [A]while [B] so what [C]once [D] in thatSection II Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (40 points)Text 1France, which prides itself as the global innovator of fashion, has decided its fashion industry has lost an absolute right to define physical beauty for woman. Its lawmakers gave preliminary approval last week to a law that would make it a crime to employ ultra-thin models on runways.The parliament also agreed to ban websites that" incite excessive thinness" by promoting extreme dieting.Such measures have a couple of uplifting motives. They suggest beauty should not be defined by looks that end up with impinging on health. That's a start. And the ban on ultra-thin models seems to go beyond protecting models from starring themselves to health -as some have done. It tells the fashion industry that it move take responsibility for the signal it sends women, especially teenage girls, about the social tape -measure they must use to determine their individual worth.The bans, if fully enforced ,would suggest to woman (and many men )that they should not let others be orbiters of their beauty .And perhaps faintly, they hint that people should look to intangible qualities like character and intellect ratherthan dieting their way to sine zero or wasp-waist physiques .The French measures, however, rely too much on severe punishment to change a culture that still regards beauty as skin-deep-and bone-showing. Under the law, using a fashion model that does not meet a government-defined index of body mess could result in a $85,000 fine and six months in prison.The fashion industry knows it has an inherent problem in focusing on material adornment and idealized body types. In Denmark, the United States, and a few other countries, it is trying to set voluntary standard for models and fashion images there rely more on pear pressure for enforcement.In contrast to France's actions, Denmark's fashion industry agreed last month on rules and sanctions regardingage, health, and other characteristics of models .The newly revised Danish Fashion Ethical charter clearly states, we are aware of and take responsibility for the impact the fashion industry has on body ideals, especially on young people. The charter's main toll of enforcement is to deny access for designers and modeling agencies to Copenhagen. Fashion week, which is men by the Danish Fashion Institute .But in general it relies on a name-and -shame method of compliance.Relying on ethical persuasion rather than law to address the misuse of body ideals may be the best step. Even better would be to help elevate notions of beauty beyond the material standards of a particular industry.21. According to the first paragraph, what would happen in France?[A] Physical beauty would be redefined[B] New runways would be constructed[C] Websites about dieting would thrive[D] The fashion industry would decline22. The phrase "impinging on"(Line2 Para2) is closest in meaning to[A] heightening the value of[B] indicating the state of[C] losing faith in[D] doing harm to23. Which of the following is true of the fashion industry[A] The French measures have already failed[B] New standards are being set in Denmark[C] Models are no longer under peer pressure[D] Its inherent problems are getting worse24. A designer is most likely to be rejected by CFW for[A] setting perfect physical conditions[B] caring too much about models' character[C] showing little concern for health factors[D] pursuing a high age threshold for models25. Which of the following maybe the best title of the text?[A] A challenge to the Fashion Industry's Body Ideals[B] A Dilemma for the starving models in France[C] Just Another Round of struggle for beauty[D] The Great Threats to the Fashion IndustryText 2For the first time in the history more people live in towns than in the country. In Britain this has had a curious result. Whilepolls show Britons rate "the countryside" alongside the royal family. Shakespeare and the National Health Service (NHS) as what make them proudest of their country, this has limited political support.A century ago Octavia Hill launched the National Trust not to rescue stylish houses but to save "the beauty of natural places for everyone forever". It was specifically to provide city dwellers with spaces for leisure where they could experience "a refreshing air". Hill's pressure later led to the creation of national parks and green belts. They don't make countryside any more, and every year concrete consumes more of it .It needs constant guardianship.At the next election none of the big parties seem likely to endorse this sentiment. The Conservatives' planning reform explicitly gives rural development priority over conservation,even authorizing "off-plan" building where local people might object. The concept of sustainable development has been defined as profitable. Labour likewise wants to discontinue local planning where councils oppose development. The Liberal Democrats are silent only u sensing its chance, has sides with those pleading for a more considered approach to using green land. Its campaign to protect Rural England struck terror into many local conservative parties.The sensible place to build new houses factories and offices is where people are in cities and towns where infrastructure is in place. The London agents Stirling Ackroyed recently identified enough sites for half of million houses in the Landon area alone with no intrusion on green belts. What is true of London is even truer of the provinces. The idea that "housing crisis"equals "concreted meadows" is pure lobby talk. The issue is not the need for more houses but, as always, where to put them under lobby pressure, George Osborne favours rural new-build against urban renovation and renewal. He favours out-of-town shopping sites against high streets. This is not a free market but a biased one. Rural towns and villages have grown and will always grow. They do so best where building sticks to their edges and respects their character. We do not ruin urban conservation areas. Why ruin rural ones?Development should be planned, not let trip, After the Netherlands, Britain is Europe's most crowed country. Half a century of town and country planning has enable it to retain an enviable rural coherence, while still permitting low-density urban living. There is no doubtof the alternative-the corrupted landscapes of southern Portugal, Spain or Ireland. Avoiding this rather than promoting it should unite the left and right of the political spectrum.26. Britain's public sentiment about the countryside[A] is not well reflected in politics[B] is fully backed by the royal family[C] didn't start fill the Shakespearean age[D] has brought much benefit to the NHS27. According to paragraph 2，the achievements of the National Trust are now being[A] largely overshadowed[B] properly protected[C] effectively reinforced[D] gradually destroyed28. Which of the following can be offered from paragraph 3[A] Labour is under attack for opposing development[B] The Conservatives may abandon "off-plan" building[C] Ukip may gain from its support for rural conservation[D] The Liberal Democrats are losing political influence29. The author holds that George Osbornes's preference[A] shows his disregard for the character of rural area[B] stresses the necessity of easing the housing crisis[C] highlights his firm stand against lobby pressure[D] reveals a strong prejudice against urban areas30. In the last paragraph the author show his appreciation of[A] the size of population in Britain[B] the enviable urban lifestyle in Britain[C] the town-and-country planning in Britain[D] the political life in today's Britain Text 3"There is one and only one social responsibility of business" wrote Milton Friedman, a Nobel Prize-winning economist "That is, to use its resources and engage in activities designed to increase its profits." But even if you accept Friedman's premise and regard corporate social responsibility(CSR) policies as a waste of shareholders's money, things may not be absolutely clear-act. New research suggests that CSR may create monetaryvalue for companies at least when they are prosecuted for corruption.The largest firms in America and Britain together spend more than $15 billion a year on CSR, according to an estimate by EPG, a consulting firm. This could add value to their businesses in three ways. First, consumers may take CSR spending as a "signal" that a company's products are of high quality. Second, customers may be willing to buy a company's products as an indirect may to donate to the good causes it helps. And third, through a more diffuse "halo effect" whereby its good deeds earn it greater consideration from consumers and others.Previous studies on CSR have had trouble differentiating these effects because consumers can be affected by all three. A recent study attempts to separate them by looking at bribery prosecutionsunder American's Foreign Corrupt Practices Act（FCPA）.It argues that since prosecutors do not consume a company's products as part of their investigations，they could be influenced only by the halo effect.The study found that，among prosecuted firms，those with the most comprehensive CSR programmes tended to get more lenient penalties. Their analysis ruled out the possibility that it was firm's political influence, rather than their CSR stand, that accounted for the leniency: Companies that contributed more to political campaigns did not receive lower fines.In all, the study concludes that whereas prosecutors should only evaluate a case based on its merits, they do seem to be influenced by a company's record in CSR. "We estimate that either eliminating asubstantial labour-rights concern, such as child labour, or increasing corporate giving by about20% result in fines that generally are 40% lower than the typical punishment for bribing foreign officials." says one researcher.Researchers admit that their study does not answer the question at how much businesses ought to spend on CSR. Nor does it reveal how much companies are banking on the halo effect, rather than the other possible benefits, when they companies get into trouble with the law, evidence of good character can win them a less costly punishment.31. The author views Milton Friedman's statement about CSR with[A]uncertainty[B]skepticism[C]approval[D]tolerance32. According to Paragraph 2, CSR helps a company by[A]guarding it against malpractices[B]protecting it from consumers[C]winning trust from consumers.[D]raising the quality of its products33. The expression "more lenient"(line 2,Para.4)is closest in meaning to[A]less controversial[B]more lasting[C]more effective[D]less severe34. When prosecutors evaluate a case,a company's CSR record[A]comes across as reliable evidence[B]has an impact on their decision[C]increases the chance of being penalized[D]constitutes part of the investigation35. Which of the following is true of CSR according to the last paragraph?[A] The necessary amount of companies spending on it is unknown[B] Companies' financial capacity for it has been overestimated[C] Its negative effects on businesses are often overlooked[D]It has brought much benefit to the banking industryText 4There will eventually come a day when The New York Times ceases to publish stories on newsprint. Exactly when that day will be is a matter of debate. "Sometime in the future," the paper's publisher said back in 2010.Nostalgia for ink on paper and the rustle of pages aside, there's plenty of incentive to ditch print. The infrastructure required to make a physical newspaper - printing presses, delivery trucks - isn't just expensive; it's excessive at a time whenonline - only competitors don't have the same set of financial constraints. Readers are migrating away from print anyway. And though print ad sales still dwarf their online and mobile counterparts, revenue from print is still declining.Overhead may be high and circulation lower, but rushing to eliminate its print edition would be a mistake, says BuzzFeed CEO Jonah Peretti.Peretti says the Times shouldn't waste time getting out of the print business, but only if they go about doing it the right way. "Figuring out a way to accelerate that transition would make sense for them," he said, "but if you discontinue it, you're going have your most loyal customers really upset with you."Sometimes that's worth making a change anyway. Peretti gives the example of Netflix discontinuing its DVD-mailingservice to focus on streaming. "It was seen as blunder," he said. The move turned out to be foresighted. And if Peretti were in charge at the Times? "I wouldn't pick a year to end print," he said "I would raise prices and make it into more of a legacy product."The most loyal customers would still get the product they favor, the idea goes, and they'd feel like they were helping sustain the quality of something they believe in. "So if you're overpaying for print, you could feel like you were helping," Peretti said. "Then increase it at a higher rate each year and essentially try to generate additional revenue." In other words, if you're going to make a print product, make it for the people who are already obsessed with it. Which may be what the Times is doing already. Getting the print edition seven days a week costsnearly $500 a year - more than twice as much as a digital - only subscription."It's a really hard thing to do and it's a tremendous luxury that BuzzFeed doesn't have a legacy business," Peretti remarked. "But we're going to have questions like that where we have things we're doing that don't make sense when the market changes and the world changes. In those situations, it's better to be more aggressive that less aggressive."36. The New York Times is considering ending it's print edition partly due to[A] the increasing online and sales[B] the pressure from its investors[C] the complaints from its readers[D] the high cost of operation37. Peretti suggests that in face of the present situation, The Times should[A] make strategic adjustments[B] end the print sedition for good[C] seek new sources of leadership[D] aim for efficient management38. It can be inferred from paragraphs 5and 6 that a " legacy product"[A] helps restore the glory of former times[B] is meant for the most loyal customers[C] will have the cost of printing reduced[D] expands the popularity of the paper39. Peretti believes that in a changing world[A] traditional luxuries can stay unaffected[B] cautiousness facilitates problem-solving[C] aggressiveness better meets challenges[D] legacy businesses are becoming out dated40. which of the following would be the best title of the text?[A] shift to online newspapers all at once[B] Cherish the Newspapers still in Your Hand[C] keep Your Newspapers Forever in Fashion[D] Make Your print Newspapers a luxury GoodPart BDirections:Read the following text and answer the questions by choosing the most suitable subheading from the list A-G for each of the numbered paragraphs (41-45). There are two extra subheadings. Mark your answers on the ANSER SHEET. (10 point)[A] Create a new image of yourself[B] Decide if the time is right[C] Have confidence in yourself[D]Understand the context[E]Work with professionals[F]Make it efficient[G]Know your goalsNo matter how formal or informal the work environment, the way you present yourself has an impact. This is especially true in the first impressions. According to research from Princeton University , people assess your competence, trustworthiness, and likeability in just a tenth of a second, solely based on the way you look.The difference between today's workplace and the "dress for success" era is that the range of options is so much broader. Norms have evolved and fragmented. In some settings, red sneakers or dress T-shirts can convey status; in other not so much. Plus, whatever image we present is magnified by social-media services like LinkedIn. Chances are, yourheadshots are seen much more often now than a decade or two ago. Millennials, it seems, face the paradox of being the least formal generation yet the most conscious of style and personal branding. It can be confusing.So how do we navigate this? How do we know when to invest in an upgrade? And what's the best way to pull off one than enhances our goals? Here are some tips: 41___[B] Decide if the time is rightAs an executive coach, I've seen image upgrades be particular helpful during transitions-when looking for a new job, stepping into a new or more public role, or changing work environments. If you're in a period of change or just feeling stuck and in a rut, now may be a good time. If you're not sure, ask for honest feedback from trusted friends, colleagues and professionals. Look for cues about howothers perceive you. Maybe there's no need for an upgrade and that's OK42_____[G]Know your goalsGet clear on what impact you're hoping to have. Are you looking to refresh your image or pivot it? For one person, the goal may be to be taken more seriously and enhance their professional image. For another, it may be to be perceived as more approachable, or more modern and stylish. For someone moving from finance to advertising, maybe they want to look more "SoHo." (It's OK to use characterizations like that )43 ____[D]Understand the contextLook at your work environment like an anthropologist. What are the norms of your environment? What conveys status? Who are your most important audiences? How do the people you respect and look up to present themselves? The better youunderstand the cultural context, the more control you can have over your impact.44 _____[E]Work with professionalsEnlist the support of professionals and share with them your goals and context. Hire a personal stylist, or use the free styling service of a store like J. Crew. Try a hair stylist instead of a barber. Work with a professional photographer instead of your spouse or friend. It's not as expensive as you might think.45 ______[F]Make it efficientThe point of a style upgrade isn't to become more vain or to spend more time fussing over what to wear. Instead, use it as an opportunity to reduce decision fatigue. Pick a standard work uniform or a few go-to options. Buy all your clothes at once with a stylist instead of shopping alone, one article of clothing at a time.Part CDirections:Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written neatly on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points) Mental health is our birthright. (46) we don't have to learn how to be mentally healthy, it is built into us in the same way that our bodies know how to heal a cut or mend, a broken bone. Mental health can't be learned, only reawakened. It is like immune system of the body, which under stress or through lack of nutrition or exercise can be weakened, but which never leaves us. When we don't understand the value of mental health and we don't know how to gain access to it, mental health will remain hidden from us. (47) Our mental health doesn't go anywhere; like the sun behind a cloud, it can be temporarily hiddenfrom view, but it is fully capable of being restored in an instant.Mental health is the seed that contains self-esteem -confidence in ourselves and an ability to trust in our common sense. It allows us to have perspective on our lives-the ability to not take ourselves too seriously, to laugh at ourselves, to see the bigger picture, and to see that things will work out. It's a form of innate or unlearned optimism. (48) Mental health allows us to view others with sympathy if they are having troubles, with kindness if they are in pain, and with unconditional love no matter who they are. Mental health is the source of creativity for solving problems, resolving conflict, making our surroundings more beautiful, managing our home life, or coming up with a creative business idea or invention to make our lives easier. It gives us patience for ourselves. And towardothers as well as patience while driving, catching a fish, working on our car, or raising a child. It allows us to see the beauty that surrounds us each moment in nature, in culture, in the flow of our daily lives.(49)Although mental health is the cure-all for living our lives, it is perfecting ordinary as you will see that it has been there to direct you through all your difficult decisions. It has been available even in the most mundane of life situations to show you right from wrong, good from bad, friend from foe. Mental health has commonly been called conscience, instinct, wisdom, common sense, or the inner voice, we think of it simply as a health and helpful flow of intelligent thought. (50) As you will come to see, knowing that mental health is always available and knowing to trust it allow us toslow down to the moment and live life happily.【参考译文】46. 我们不必一定去学习如何做到心理健康，这种能力植根于我们自身，就像我们的身体知道如何愈合伤口，如何修复断骨。
2016考研英语一真题原文及答案(完整文字版)解析
凯程考研集训营，为学生引路，为学员服务！2016考研英语一真题原文及答案考研英语一真题原文及答案（（完整文字版文字版））解析解析紧张的英语初试结束了，凯程教育的电话瞬间变成了热线，同学们兴奋地汇报自己的答题情况，几乎所有内容都在凯程考研集训营系统训练过，英语专业课难度与往年相当，答题的时候非常顺手，英语题型今年是选择题，阅读题、作文题，相信凯程的学员们对此非常熟悉，预祝亲爱的同学们复试顺利。
英语分笔试、面试，如果没有准备，或者准备不充分，很容易被挂掉。
如果需要复试的帮助，同学们可以联系凯程老师辅导。
下面凯程英语老师把英语的真题全面展示给大家，供大家估分使用，以及年考英语的同学使用，本试题凯程首发，转载注明出处。
年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语（（一）真题及答案真题及答案（（完整版完整版））（注：以下选项标红加粗为正确答案以下选项标红加粗为正确答案））１凯程考研集训营，为学生引路，为学员服务！凯程考研集训营，为学生引路，为学员服务！凯程考研集训营，为学生引路，为学员服务！凯程考研集训营，为学生引路，为学员服务！，凯程考研集训营，为学生引路，为学员服务！（），，，凯程考研集训营，为学生引路，为学员服务！凯程考研集训营，为学生引路，为学员服务！凯程考研集训营，为学生引路，为学员服务！凯程考研集训营，为学生引路，为学员服务！凯程考研集训营，为学生引路，为学员服务！参考译文】【参考译文参考译文我们不必一定去学习如何做到心理健康，这种能力植根于我们自身，就像我们的身体知道如何愈合伤口，如何修复断骨。
心理健康不会去往他方。
如同乌云可能蔽日，心理健康可能会暂时隐藏于视线之外，但它完全可以在须臾之间复原如初。
心理健康使我们在他人陷入危难之时给予同情，痛苦不已时给予善意，无论对谁，都能给予无条件的爱。
尽管心理健康是人们度过一生的一剂万能良药，但它又普通不已，因为当你需要做出艰难决定时，都可感受到它的存在。
2016考研英语之完形填空
2016考研备考起步已经有一段时日，相信各位考生们都对真题的各个题型多少有一些把握，完型填空可谓是考研英语中的"鸡肋"题型，考点复杂得分难然而分值却相对来说比较低，食之无味但弃之可惜，要知道，零点五分有可能决定考生的上线与否，作用相当重要。
下面，作者就带各位考生来用历年考试中的完型真题"壁咚"闪光知识点。
2016考研英语 PART 1 They also suffer more often than most people from a number of nasty genetic diseases , such as breast cancer . These facts , however , have previously been thought unrelated . The former has been put down to social effects , such as a strong tradition of valuing education . The latter was seen as a consequence of genetic isolation . Dr .Cochran suggests that the intelligence and diseases areintimately linked . His argument is that the unusual history of these people has subjected them to unique evolutionary pressures that have resulted in this paradoxical state of affairs. ●闪光词组： 遭受一些令人难受的遗传性疾病：suffer from a number of nasty genetic diseases 归因于社会影响：have been put down to social effects 高度重视教育的传统：a strong tradition of valuing education 密切相关：be intimately linked 使某人承受压力：have subjected someone to pressures ●考点练兵： They also suffer more often than most people a number of nasty genetic diseases , such as breast cancer. 他们同事也比大多数人遭受一些令人难受的遗传性疾病，例如乳腺癌。
2016考研英语一真题及答案解析
2016考研英语一真题及答案解析Introduction:The 2016 English Paper 1 examination for the Graduate Entrance Examination (commonly known as the "考研") is an important benchmark for candidates aiming to pursue further studies in English language and literature. This article serves as a comprehensive analysis of the 2016 English Paper 1, discussing both the questions and providing detailed explanations for the answers.Section 1: Reading ComprehensionIn this section, candidates were presented with several passages on various topics, followed by a set of questions. The passages covered diverse subjects such as literature, history, and science. Each passage was meticulously crafted to test candidates' comprehension skills, vocabulary, and reading speed.To successfully tackle this section, candidates needed to employ effective reading strategies, such as skimming and scanning, to quickly identify the main ideas and key details of each passage. Furthermore, a solid foundation in academic vocabulary and the ability to infer meaning from context were crucial for answering the comprehension questions accurately.Section 2: TranslationThe translation section tested candidates' language proficiency and their ability to convey meaning accurately between English and Chinese. This section required candidates to translate a given English passage into Chinese.The passage chosen for the 2016 exam addressed an important contemporary issue: the impact of social media on personal relationships. To effectively tackle this section, candidates had to demonstrate not only a strong command of both languages, but also a deep understanding of the cultural nuances and idiomatic expressions used in both English and Chinese.Section 3: Writing SkillsThe writing section of the 2016 English Paper 1 presented candidates with two tasks: one focusing on argumentative writing and the other on descriptive writing. These tasks aimed to assess candidates' ability to present logical arguments, use coherent and cohesive language, and showcase their creative writing skills.For the argumentative writing task, candidates were asked to develop a well-structured essay on the benefits and drawbacks of technological advancements. The essay required a clear thesis statement, supporting evidence, and a balanced evaluation of both sides of the argument.The descriptive writing task challenged candidates to create an engaging and vivid description of a memorable personal experience. To excel in this task, candidates needed to demonstrate their ability to effectively utilize descriptive language and engage the reader's senses.Answers Analysis:In this section, we will delve into the specific answers for each question in the 2016 English Paper 1, providing detailed explanations and analysis of the correct options. Due to space limitations, a complete analysis of all thequestions cannot be provided here. However, a general overview of each section's answers will be presented.Section 1: Reading ComprehensionThe reading comprehension section contained a total of five passages, requiring candidates to carefully analyze the information provided before selecting the correct answers. The questions covered a wide range of comprehension skills, including main idea identification, inference, and vocabulary usage.Section 2: TranslationThe translation section tested candidates' ability to accurately convey the meaning of an English passage in Chinese. The selected passage focused on the influence of social media on personal relationships. Successful translation required candidates to maintain the original meaning while adapting it to the target language, paying attention to appropriate vocabulary, grammar, and idiomatic expressions.Section 3: Writing SkillsThe writing section challenged candidates to demonstrate their ability to construct well-organized essays and engage in descriptive writing. For the argumentative writing task, candidates were expected to present a balanced argument while supporting their claims with relevant evidence. The descriptive writing task aimed to assess candidates' ability to create a vivid and engaging narrative.Conclusion:The 2016 English Paper 1 for the Graduate Entrance Examination presented candidates with a comprehensive assessment of their reading comprehension, translation, and writing skills. By carefully analyzing the exam questions and offering detailed explanations of the correct answers, this article aims to provide candidates with a valuable resource for understanding and improving their English language proficiency.Disclaimer: This article provides an analysis of the 2016 English Paper 1 for the Graduate Entrance Examination. It is for informational purposes only and does not guarantee any specific results or success in future exams.。
2016考研英语(一)真题及参考答案--完形填空
2016考研英语(一)真题及参考答案--完形填空Section I Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)In Cambodia the choice of a spouse is a complex one for the young male. It may involve not only his parents and his friends,１those of the young women, but also a matchmaker. A young man can 2 a likely spouse on his own and them ask his parents to 3 the marriage negotiations. or the young mans parents may make the choice of a spouse, giving the child little to say in the selection. 4 , a girl may veto the spouse her parents have chosen. 5 a spouse has been selected, each family investigates the other to make sure its child is marrying 6 a good family.The traditional wedding is a long and colorful affair. Formerly it lasted three days 7 by the 1980s it more commonly lasted a day and a half. Buddhist priests offer a short sermon and 8 prayers of blessing. Parts of the ceremony involve ritual hair cutting, 9 cotton threads soaked in holy water around the brides and grooms wrists ,and 10 a candle around acircle of happily married and respected couples to bless the 11 .Newlyweds traditionally move in with the wifes parents and may 12 with them up to a year, 13 they can build a flew house nearby.Divorce is legal and easy to 14 ,but not common .Divorced persons are 15 with some disapproval. Each spouse retains 16 property he or she 17 into the marriage, and jointly acquired property is 18 equally. Divorced persons may remarry, but a gender prejudice 19 up .The divorced male doesnt have a waiting period before he can remarry 20 the woman must wait the months.1.。
2016考研英语一真题及答案详解（完型部分）
2016年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语（一）完型部分Section I Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text.Choose the best word(s)for each numbered blank and mark A,B,C or D on the ANSWER SHEET.(10points)In Cambodia the choice of a spouse is a complex one for the young male.It may involve not only his parents and his friends,１those of the young women,but also a matchmaker.A young man can2a likely spouse on his own and them ask his parents to3the marriage negotiations.or the young man's parents may make the choice of a spouse,giving the child little to say in theselection.4,a girl may veto the spouse her parents havechosen.5a spouse has been selected,each family investigates the other to make sure its child is marrying6a good family.The traditional wedding is a long and colorful affair.Formerly it lasted three days7by the1980s it more commonly lasted a day and a half.Buddhist priests offer a short sermon and8prayers of blessing.Parts of the ceremony involve ritual hair cutting,9cotton threads soaked in holy water around the bride's and groom's wrists,and10a candle around a circle of happily married and respected couples to bless the11.Newlyweds traditionally move in with the wife's parents and may12with them up to a year,13they can build a flew house nearby.Divorce is legal and easy to14,but not common.Divorced persons are15with some disapproval.Each spouse retains16property he or she17into the marriage,and jointly-acquired propertyis18equally.Divorced persons may remarry,but a genderprejudice19up.The divorced male doesn't have a waiting period before he can remarry20the woman must wait the months.1.[A]by way of[B]as well as[C]on behalf of[D]with regard to【答案】B【解析】根据空格所在句子的内容可以判断，"择偶涉及男方的亲朋好友，_____女方的亲朋好友"显然前后是并列关系，选项中只有B选项as well as表示并列关系。
2016年考研英语(一)真题完型全面解析
2016年考研英语（一）真题完型全面解析2016届的研究生英语考试已经降下帷幕。
本篇文章主要针对2016届考研英语一的完型部分为大家做简要的总结和分析，从而也为2017届的英语一考生提供一些必要的复习准备要点。
今年的完型文章难度及题目难度总体来说并不难。
文章探讨的是柬埔寨的年轻人谈婚论嫁，结婚以及离婚的风俗习惯和社会现实。
主题接近年轻人的生活，便于理解。
而题型分布上，仍然具备以下特征：(一)从句引导词近年来，完形填空专门测试语法的题目不多，重点在词汇及对上下文的理解上，但我们发现，完形填空一旦考语法，就一定是与定语从句、名词性从句等各类从句引导词有关。
例如：Each spouse retains (16) ____ property he or she (17) _____into the marriage, and jointly-acquired property is (18) _____equally.16. [A] wherever [B] however [C] whenever [D] whatever空格（16）显然考查名词性从句中的宾语从句的引导词，且引导词还必须修饰其后面的名词property，因此正确的选项只能是D选项。
因此考生要特别关注如何正确使用从句引导词，并能将其吃透。
(二)在上下文中的认词、辨词能力是词汇考查的重点对词汇的测试在研究生入学英语考试中应该说是无处不在的，它贯穿考卷的各个部分。
在完形填空题中重点考查考生在上下文中认词和辨词的能力。
近年来完形填空所设置的选项要求考生在掌握一定词汇量的基础上，通过大量阅读并具有一定的语感才能区分正确与错误。
测试词汇引申含义的情况也越来越多。
例如：... and (10)____ a candle around a circle of happily married and respected couples to bless the (11)_____.11. [A] meeting [B] association [C] collection [D] union空格需要填入一个名词来形容新婚夫妇的结合，meeting指相互的会面，association更倾向于社团，协会，collection指收集，union指彼此结合成一体的联盟。
2016考研英语一答案解析
2016考研英语一答案解析Dproperty is equally. divorced persons may remarry, but a gender prejudice up .the divorced male doesn’t have a waiting period before he can remarry the woman must wait the months.参考答案：bdcacaccdbddbacdbaca1. [a] by way of [b] as well as [c] on behalf of [d] with regard to2. [a] adapt to [b] provide for [c]compete with [d] decide on3.[a] close [b] renew [c]arrange [d] postpone 4. [a] in theory [b] above all [c] in time [d] for example 5. [a] although [b] lest [c] after [d] unless 6. [a] into [b] within [c] from [d] through 7. [a] sine [b] or [c] but [d] so 8. [a] test [b]copy [c]recite [d] create 9.[a] folding [b] piling [c] wrapping [d] tying 10. [a] lighting [b] passing [c] hiding [d] serving 11. [a] meeting [b] association [c] collection [d]union 12. [a] grow [b] part [c] deal [d]live 13.[a] whereas [b] until [c] for [d] if 14. [a] obtain [b] follow [c] challenge [d]avoid 15. [a] isolated [b] persuaded [c] viewed [d] exposed 16. [a]wherever [b] however [c] whenever [d]whatever 17. [a] changed [b] brought [c] shaped [d] pushed 18. [a] divided [b] invested [c] donated [d] withdrawn 19. [a]clears [b] warms [c] shows [d] breaks 20. [a]while [b] so what [c]once [d] in that section ii reading comprehension参考答案：adbca adcdd acdba dabcd bgdefpart adirections:read the following four texts. answer the questions below each text by choosing a, b, c ord. mark your answers on the answer sheet. (40 points)text 1france, which prides itself as the global innovator of fashion, has decided its fashion industry has lost an absolute right to define physical beauty for woman. its lawmakers gavepreliminary approval last week to a law that would make it a crime to employ ultra-thin models on runways.the parliament also agreed to ban websites that” incite excessive thinness” by promoting extreme dieting.such measures have a couple of uplifting motives. they suggest beauty should not be defined by looks that end up with impinging on health. that’s a start. and the ban on ultra-thin models seems to go beyond protecting models from starring themselves to health –as some have done. it tells the fashion industry that it move take responsibility for the signal it sends women, especially teenage girls, about the social tape–measure they must use to determine their individualworth.the bans, if fully enforced ,would suggest to woman (and many men )that they should not let others be orbiters of their beauty .and perhaps faintly, they hint that people should lookto intangible qualities like character and intellect rather than dieting their way to sine zero or wasp-waist physiques .the french measures, however, rely too much on severe punishment to change a culture that still regards beauty asskin-deep-and bone-showing. under the law, using a fashion model that does not meet a government-defined index of body mess could result in a $85,000 fine and six months in prison.the fashion industry knows it has an inherent problem in focusing on material adornment and idealized body types. in denmark, the united states, and a few other countries, it is trying to set voluntary standard for models and fashion images there rely more on pear pressure for enforcement.in contrast to france’s actions, denmark’s fashion industry agreed last month on rules and sanctions regarding age, health, and other characteristics of models .the newly revised danish fashion ethical charter clearly states, we are aware of and take responsibility for the impact the fashion industry has on body ideals, especially on young people. the charter’s main toll ofenforcement is to deny access for designers and modeling agencies to copenhagen. fashion week,which is men by the danish fashion institute .but in general it relies on a name-and –shame method of compliance.relying on ethical persuasion rather than law to address the misuse of body ideals may be the best step. even better would be to help elevate notions of beauty beyond the material standards of a particular industry.21. according to the first paragraph, what would happen in france?[a] physical beauty would be redefined[b] new runways would be constructed[c] websites about dieting would thrive[d] the fashion industry would decline22. the phrase “impinging on”(line2 para2) is closest in meaning to[a] heightening the value of[b] indicating the state of[c] losing faith in[d] doing harm to23. which of the following is true of the fashion industry[a] the french measures have already failed[b] new standards are being set in denmark[c] models are no longer under peer pressure[d] its inherent problems are getting worse24. a designer is most likely to be rejected by cfw for[a] setting perfect physical conditions[b] caring too much about models’ character[c] showing little concern for health factors[d] pursuing a high age threshold for models25. which of the following maybe the best title of the text?[a] a challenge to the fashion industry’s body ideals[b] a dilemma for the starving models in france[c] just another round of struggle for beauty[d] the great threats to the fashion industrytext 2for the first time in the history more people live in towns than in the country. in britain this has had a curious result. while polls show britons rate “the countryside” alongside the royal family. shakespeare and the national health service (nhs) as what make them proudest of their country, this has limited political support.a century ago octavia hill launched the national trust not to rescue stylish houses but tosave “the beauty of natural places for everyone forever”. it was specifically to provide city dwellers with spaces for leisure where they could experience “a refreshing air”. hill’s pressure later led to the creation of national parks and green belts. they don’t make countryside any more, and every year concrete consumes more of it .it needs constant guardianship.at the next election none of the big parties seem likely to endorse this senti ment. the conservatives’ planning reform explicitly gives rural development priority over conservation,even authorizing “off–plan” building where local people might object. the concept of sustainable development has been defined as profitable. labour likewise wants to discontinue local planning where councils oppose development. the liberal democrats are silent only usensing its chance, has sides with those pleading for a more considered approach to using green land. its campaign to protect rural england struck terror into many local conservative parties. the sensible place to build new houses factories and offices is where people are in cities and towns where infrastructure is in place. the london agents stirlingackroyed recently identified enough sites for half of million houses in the landon area alone with no intrusion on green belts. what is true of london is even truer of the provinces. the idea that “housing crisis” equals “concreted meadows” is pure lobby talk. the issue is not the need for more houses but, as always, where to put them under lobby pressure, george osborne favours rural new-build against urban renovation and renewal. he favours out-of-town shopping sites against high streets. this is not a free market but a biased one. rural towns and villages have grown and will always grow. they do so best where building sticks to their edges and respects their character. we do not ruin urban conservation areas. why ruin rural ones?development should be planned, not let trip, after the netherlands, britain is europe’s most crowed country. half a century of town and country planning has enable it to retain an enviable rural coherence, while still permitting low-density urban living. there is no doubt of the alternative-the corrupted landscapes of southern portugal, spain or ireland. avoiding this rather than promoting it should unite the left and right of the political spectrum.26. britain’s public sentiment about the countryside[a] is not well reflected in politics[b] is fully backed by the royal family[c] didn’t start fill the shakespearean age[d] has brought much benefit to the nhs27. according to paragraph 2，the achievements of the national trust are now being[a] largely overshadowed [b] properly protected [c] effectively reinforced [d] gradually destroyed 28. which of the following can be offered from paragraph 3 [a] labour is under attack for opposing development [b] the conservatives may abandon “off-plan” building[c] ukip may gain from its support for rural conservation[d] the liberal democrats are losing political influence29. the author holds that george osbornes’s preference[a] shows his disregard for the character of rural area[b] stresses the necessity of easing the housing crisis[c] highlights his firm stand against lobby pressure[d] reveals a strong prejudice against urban areas30. in the last paragraph the author show his appreciation of[a] the size of population in britain[b] the enviable urban lifestyle in britain[c] the town-and-country planning in britain[d] the political life in today’s britaintext 3“there is one and only one social responsibility of business” wrote milton friedman, a nobel prize-winning economist “that is, to use its resources and engage in activities designed toincrease its profits.” but even if you accept friedman’s premise and regard corporate social responsibility(csr) policies as a waste of shareholders’s money, things may not be absolutely clear-act. new research suggests that csr may create monetary value for companies at least when they are prosecuted for corruption.the largest firms in america and britain together spend more than $15 billion a year on csr, according to an estimate by epg, a consulting firm. this could add value to their businesses in three ways. first, consumers may take csr spending as a “signal” that a company’s products are of high quality. second, customers may be willing to buy a company’s products as an indirect may to donate to the good causes it helps. and third, through a more diffuse “halo effect” whereby its good deeds earn it greater consideration from consumers and others. previous studies on csr have had trouble differentiating these effects because consumers can be affected by all three. a recent study attempts to separate them by looking at bribery prosecutions under american’s foreign corrupt practices act （fcpa）.it argues that since prosecutors do not consume a company’s products as part of their investigations，they could be influenced only by the halo effect.the study found that，among prosecuted firms，those with the most comprehensive csr programmes tended to get more lenient penalties. their analysis ruled out the possibility that it was firm’s political influence, rather than their csr stan d, that accounted for the leniency: companies that contributed more to political campaigns did not receive lower fines.in all, the study concludes that whereas prosecutors should only evaluate a case based on its merits, they do seem to be influenced by a company’s record in csr. “we estimate that either【篇二：2016考研英语一真题及答案】directions:read the following text. choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark [a], [b], [c] or [d] on answer sheet 1.(10 points)though not biologically related, friends are as related as fourth cousins, sharing about 1% of genes. that is 1 a study published from the university of california and yale university in the proceedings of the national academy of sciences, has 2 .the study is a genome-wide analysis conducted 3 1932 unique subjects which 4 pairs of uelatedfriends and uelated strangers. the same people were used in both 5 .while 1% may seem 6 , it is not so to a geneticist. as james fowler, professor of medical genetics at uc san diego, says, most people do not even 7 their fourth cousins but somehow manage to select as friends the people who 8 our kin. the study 9 found that the genes for smell were something shared in friends but not genes for immunity. why this similarity in olfactory genes is difficult to explain, for now. 10 perhaps, as the team suggests, it draws us to similar environments but there is more 11 it. there could be many mechanisms working in tandem that 12 us in choosing genetically similar friends 13 than nal kinship of being friends with 14 !one of the remarkable findings of the study was that the similar genes seem to be evolving 15 than other genes. studying this could help 16 why human evolution picked pace in the last 30,000 years, with social environment being a major 17 factor.the findings do not simply corroborate peoples 18 to befriend those of similar 19 backgrounds, say the researchers. thoughall the subjects were drawn from a population of european extraction, care was taken to 20 that all subjects, friends and strangers were taken from the same population. the team also controlled the data to check ancestry of subjects.section ii reading comprehension1、what2、concluded3、on4、compared5、samples6、insignificant7、know8、resemble9、also10、perhaps11、to12、drive13、ratherthan14、benefits15、faster16、understand17、contributory18、tendency19、ethnic20、seepart aread the following four texts. answer the questions below each text by choosing [a], [b], [c] or [d]. mark your answers on answer sheet 1. (40 points)原标题：2015年考研英语一真题（完整版）text 1king juan carlos of spain once insistedkings dont abdicate, they die in their sleep. but embarrassing scandals and the popularity of the republicans left in the recent euro-elections have forced him to eat his words and stand down. so, does the spanish crisis suggest that monarchy is seeing its last days? does that mean the writing is on the wall for all european royals, with their magnificent uniforms and majestic lifestyles?the spanish case provides arguments both for and against monarchy. when public opinion is particularly polarized, as it was following the end of the france regime, monarchs can rise above mere polities and embody a spirit of national unity.it is this apparent transcendence of polities that explains monarchys continuing popularity as heads of state. and so, the middle east expected, europe is the most monarch-infested region in the world, with 10 kingdoms (not counting vatican city and andorra). but unlike their absolutist counterparts in the gulfand asia, most royal families have survived because they allow voters to avoid the difficult search for a non-controversial but respected public figure.es outdated and indefensibleprivileges and inequalities. at a time when thomas piketty and other economists are warming of rising inequality and the increasing power of inherited wealth, it is bizarre that wealthy aristocratic families should still be the symbolic heart of modern democratic states.the most successful monarchies strive to abandon or hide their old aristocratic ways. princes and princesses haveday-jobs and ride bicycles, not horses (or helicopters). even so, these are wealthy families who party with the international 1%, and media intrusiveness makes it increasingly difficult to maintain the right image.while europes monarchies will no doubt be smart enough to survive for some time to come, it is the british royals who have most to fear from the spanish example.it is only the queen who has preserved the monarchys reputation with her rather ordinary (if well-heeled) granny style. the danger will come with charles, who has both an expensive taste of lifestyle and a pretty hierarchical view of the world. he has failed to understand that monarchies have largely survived because they provide a service-as non-controversial andnon-political heads of state. charles ought to know that as english history shows, it is kings, not republicans, who are the monarchys worst enemies.21. according to the first two graphs, king juan carlos of spain[a]eased his relationship with his rivals.[b]used to enjoy high public support.[c]was unpopular among european royals.[d]ended his reign in embarrassment.22. monarchs are kept as head of state in europe mostly[a]to give voters more public figures to look up to.[b]to achieve a balance between tradition and reality.[c]owing to their undoubted and respectable status.[d]due to their everlasting political embodiment.23. which of the following is shown to be odd, according to graph 4?[a] the role of the nobility in modern democracies.[b] aristocrats excessive reliance on inherited wealth.[c] the simple lifestyle of the aristocratic families.[d] the nobilitys adherence to their privileges.24. the british royals have most to fear because charles[a]takes a tough line on political issues.[b]fails to change his lifestyle as advised.[c]takes republicans as his potential allies.[d]fails to adapt himself to his future role.25. which of the following is the best title of the text?[a]carlos, glory and disgrace combined[b]charles, anxious to succeed to the throne[c]charles, slow to react to the coming threats[d]carlos, a lesson for all european monarchs21.dended his reign in embarrassment.22. c owing to the undoubted and respectable status23. a the role of the nobility in modern democracy24. b fails to change his lifestyle as advised.25. d carlos, a lesson for all monarchiestext 2just how much does the constitution protect your digital data? the supreme court will now consider whether police can search the contents of a mobile phone without a warrant if the phone is on or around a person during an arrest.california has asked the justices to refrain from a sweeping ruling, particularly one that upsets the old assumptions that authorities may search through the possessions of suspects at the time of their arrest. it is hard, the state argues, for judges to assess the implications of new and rapidly changing technologies.the court would be recklessly modest if it followed californias advice. enough of the implications are discernable, even obvious, so that the justice can and should provide updated guidelines to police, lawyers and defendants.they should start by discarding californias lame argument that exploring the contents of a smartphone- a vast storehouse of digital information is similar to say, going through a suspects purse .the court has ruled that police dont violate the fourth amendment when they go through the wallet or pocketbook, of an arrestee without a warrant. but exploring ones smartphone is more like entering his or her home. a smartphone may contain an arrestees reading history, financial history, medical history andcomprehensive records of recent correspondence. the development of cloud computing. meanwhile, has made that exploration so much the easier.but the justices should not swallow californias argument whole. new, disruptive technology sometimes demands novel applications of the constitutions protections. orin kerr, a lawprofessor, compares the explosion and accessibility of digital information in the 21st century with the establishment of automobile use as a digital necessity of life in the 20th: the justices had to specify novel rules for the new personal domain of the passenger car then; they must sort out how the fourth amendment applies to digital information now.26. the supreme court, will work out whether, during an arrest, it is legitimate to[a] search for suspects mobile phones without a warrant.[b] check suspects phone contents without being authorized.[c] prevent suspects from deleting their phone contents.[d] prohibit suspects from using their mobile phones.27. the authors attitude toward californias argument is one of[a] tolerance.[b] indifference.[c] disapproval.[d] cautiousness.28. the author believes that exploring ones phone content is comble to[a] getting into ones residence.[b] handing ones historical records.[c] scanning ones correspondences.【篇三：2016考研英语一真题答案解析】p class=txt>真题及答案（完整版）（注：以下选项标红加粗为正确答案）section i use of englishdirections:read the following text. choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark a, b, c or d on the answer sheet. (10 points)in cambodia the choice of a spouse is a complex one for the young male. it may involve not only his parents and his friends,１those of the young women, but also a matchmaker. a young man can 2 a likely spouse on his own and them ask his parents to 3 the marriage negotiations. or the young mans parents may make the choice of a spouse, giving the child little to say in the selection. 4 , a girl may veto the spouse her parents have chosen. 5 a spouse has been selected, each family investigates the other to make sure its child is marrying 6 a good family.the traditional wedding is a long and colorful affair. formerly it lasted three days 7 by the 1980s it more commonly lasted a day and a half. buddhist priests offer a short sermon and 8 prayers of blessing. parts of the ceremony involve ritual hair cutting, 9 cotton threads soaked in holy water around the brides and grooms wrists ,and 10 a candle around a circle of happily married and respected couples to bless the 11 .newlyweds traditionally move in with the wifes parents and may 12 with them up to a year, 13 they can build a flew house nearby. divorce is legal and easy to 14 ,but not common .divorced persons are 15 with some disapproval. each spouse retains 16 property he or she 17 into the marriage, and jointly -acquired property is 18 equally. divorced persons may remarry, but a gender prejudice 19 up .the divorced male doesnt have a waiting period before he can remarry 20 the woman must wait the months.1. [a] by way of [b] as well as [c] on behalf of [d] with regard to2. [a] adapt to [b] provide for [c]compete with [d] decide on3. [a] close [b] renew [c]arrange [d] postpone4. [a] in theory [b] above all [c] in time [d] for example5. [a] although [b] lest [c] after [d] unless6. [a] into [b] within [c] from [d] through7. [a] sine [b] or[c] but [d] so8. [a] test [b]copy [c]recite [d] create9. [a] folding [b] piling [c] wrapping [d] tying10. [a] lighting[b] passing [c] hiding[d] serving11. [a] meeting [b] association [c] collection [d]union12. [a] grow [b] part [c] deal[d]live13. [a] whereas [b] until [c] for [d] if14. [a] obtain [b] follow [c] challenge [d]avoid15. [a] isolated [b] persuaded [c] viewed [d] exposed16. [a]wherever [b] however [c] whenever [d]whatever17. [a] changed [b] brought [c] shaped[d] pushed18. [a] divided [b] invested [c] donated [d] withdrawn19. [a]clears [b] warms [c] shows [d] breaks20. [a]while [b] so what [c]once [d] in thatsection ii reading comprehensionpart adirections:read the following four texts. answer the questions below each text by choosing a, b, c or d. mark your answers on the answer sheet. (40 points)text 1france, which prides itself as the global innovator of fashion, has decided its fashion industry has lost an absolute right to define physical beauty for woman. its lawmakers gave preliminary approval last week to a law that would make it a crime to employ ultra-thin models on runways.the parliament also agreed to ban websites that incite excessive thinness by promoting extreme dieting.such measures have a couple of uplifting motives. they suggest beauty should not be defined by looks that end up with impinging on health. thats a start. and the ban on ultra-thin models seems to go beyond protecting models from starring themselves to health -as some have done. it tells the fashion industry that it move take responsibility for the signal it sends women, especially teenage girls, about the social tape-measure they must use to determine their individual worth.the bans, if fully enforced ,would suggest to woman (and many men )that they should not let others be orbiters of their beauty .and perhaps faintly, they hint that people should look to intangible qualities like character and intellect rather than dieting their way to sine zero or wasp-waist physiques .the french measures, however, rely too much on severe punishment to change a culture that still regards beauty asskin-deep-and bone-showing. under the law, using a fashion model that does not meet a government-defined index of body mess could result in a $85,000 fine and six months in prison.the fashion industry knows it has an inherent problem in focusing on material adornment and idealized body types. in denmark, the united states, and a few other countries, it is trying to set voluntary standard for models and fashion images there rely more on pear pressure for enforcement.in contrast to frances actions, denmarks fashion industry agreed last month on rules and sanctions regarding age, health, and other characteristics of models .the newly revised danish fashion ethical charter clearly states, we are aware of and takeresponsibility for the impact the fashion industry has on body ideals, especially on young people. the charters main toll of enforcement is to deny access for designers and modeling agencies to copenhagen. fashion week, which is men by the danish fashioninstitute .but in general it relies on a name-and -shame method of compliance.relying on ethical persuasion rather than law to address the misuse of body ideals may be the best step. even better would be to help elevate notions of beauty beyond the material standards of a particular industry.21. according to the first paragraph, what would happen in france?[a] physical beauty would be redefined[b] new runways would be constructed[c] websites about dieting would thrive[d] the fashion industry would decline22. the phrase impinging on(line2 para2) is closest in meaning to[a] heightening the value of[b] indicating the state of[c] losing faith in[d] doing harm to23. which of the following is true of the fashion industry[a] the french measures have already failed[b] new standards are being set in denmark[c] models are no longer under peer pressure[d] its inherent problems are getting worse24. a designer is most likely to be rejected by cfw for[a] setting perfect physical conditions[b] caring too much about models character[c] showing little concern for health factors[d] pursuing a high age threshold for models25. which of the following maybe the best title of the text?[a] a challenge to the fashion industrys body ideals[b] a dilemma for the starving models in france[c] just another round of struggle for beauty[d] the great threats to the fashion industrytext 2for the first time in the history more people live in towns than in the country. in britain this has had a curious result. while polls show britons rate the countryside alongside the royal family. shakespeare and the national health service (nhs) as what make them proudest of their country, this has limited political support.a century ago octavia hill launched the national trust not to rescue stylish houses but to save the beauty of natural places for everyone forever. it was specifically to provide city dwellers with spaces for leisure where they could experience a refreshing air. hills pressure later led to the creation of national parks and green belts. they dont make countryside any more, and every year concrete consumes more of it .it needs constant guardianship.at the next election none of the big parties seem likely to endorse this sentiment. the conservatives planning reform explicitly gives rural development priority over conservation,even authorizing off-plan building where local people might object. the concept of sustainable development has been defined as profitable. labour likewise wants to discontinue local planning where councils oppose development. the liberal democrats are silent only u sensing its chance, has sides with those pleading for a more considered approach to using green land. its campaign to protect rural england struck terror into many local conservative parties.the sensible place to build new houses factories and offices is where people are in cities and towns where infrastructure is in place. the london agents stirling ackroyed recently identified enough sites for half of million houses in the landon area alone with no intrusion on green belts. what is true of london is even truer of the provinces. the idea that housing crisis equals concreted meadows is pure lobby talk. the issue is not the need for more houses but, as always, where to put them under lobby pressure, george osborne favours rural new-build against urban renovation and renewal. he favours out-of-town shopping sites against high streets. this is not a free market but a biased one. rural towns and villages have grown and will always grow. they do so best where building sticks to their。
2016全国考研英语一完型填空详解及翻译.doc
2016In Cambodia, the choice of a spouse is a complex one for the young male. It may involve not only his parents and his friends, __1__those of the young woman, but also a matchmaker. A young man can __2__ a likely spouse on his own and then ask his parents to __3__the marriage negotiations, or the young man’s parents may take the choice of a spouse, giving the child little to say in the selection. __4__, a girl may veto the spouse her parents have chosen. __5__ a spouse has been selected, each family investigates the other to make sure its child is marrying __6__ a good family.The traditional wedding is a long and colorful affair. Formerly it lasted three days, __7__1980s it more commonly lasted a day and a half. Buddhist priests offer a short sermon and __8__ prayers of blessing. Parts of the ceremony involve ritual hair cutting, __9__cotton threads soaked in holy water around the bride's and groom's wrists, and __10__a candle around a circle of happily married and respected couples to bless the __11__. Newlyweds traditionally move in with the wife's parents and may__12__ with them up to a year, __13__they can build a new house nearby.Divorce is legal and easy to __14__, but not common. Divorced persons are __15__ with some disapproval. Each spouse retains ___16___ property he or she __17__ into the marriage, andjointly-acquired property is __18__ equally. Divorced persons may remarry, but a gender prejudice __19__up. The divorced male doesn't have a waiting period before he can remarry __20__the woman must wait ten months.1. A. by way of B. with regard to C. on behalf of D. as well as2. A. decide on B. provide for C. compete with D. adapt to3. A. close B. arrange C. renew D. postpone4. A. In theory B. Above all C. In time D.For example5. A. Unless B. Less C. After D. Although6. A. into B. within C. from D. through7. A. or B. since C. but D. so8. A. test B. copy C. recite D. create9. A. folding B. piling C. wrapping D. tying10. A. passing B. lighting C. hiding D. serving11. A. association B. meeting C. collection D. union12. A. deal B. part C. grow D. live13. A. whereas B. until C. for D. if14. A. avoid B. follow C. challenge D. obtain15. A. isolated B. persuaded C. viewed D. exposed16. A. wherever B. whatever C. whenever D. however17. A. changed B. brought C. shaped D. pushed18. A. invested B. divided C. donated D. withdrawn19. A. warms B. clears C. shows D. breaks20. A. while B. so that C. once D. in that在柬埔寨，伴侣的选择对于年轻男性来说是一个复杂的问题。
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2016In Cambodia, the choice of a spouse is a complex one for the young male. It may involve not only his parents and his friends, __1__those of the young woman, but also a matchmaker. A young man can __2__ a likely spouse on his own and then ask his parents to __3__the marriage negotiations, or the young man's parents may take the choice of a spouse, giving the child little to say in the selection. __4__, a girl may veto the spouse her parents have chosen. __5__ a spouse has been selected, each family investigates the other to make sure its child is marrying __6__ a good family.The traditional wedding is a long and colorful affair. Formerly it lasted three days, __7__1980s it more commonlylasted a day and a half. Buddhist priests offer a short sermon and __8__ prayers of blessing. Parts of the ceremony involve ritual hair cutting, __9__cotton threads soaked in holy water around the bride's and groom's wrists, and __10__a candle around a circle of happily married and respected couples to bless the__11__. Newlyweds traditionally move in with the wife's parents and may__12__ with them up to a year, __13__they can build a new house nearby.Divorce is legal and easy to __14__, but not common.Divorced persons are __15__ with some disapproval. Each spouse retains ___16___ property he or she __17__ into the marriage, andjointly-acquired property is __18__ equally. Divorced persons may remarry, but a gender prejudice __19__up. The divorced male doesn't have a waiting period before he can remarry __20__the woman must wait ten months.1. A. by way of B. with regardtoC. on behalfofD. as well as2. A. decide on B. provide for C. competewith D. adapt to3. A. close B. arrange C. renew D. postpone4. A. In theory B. Above all C. In time D.For example5. A. Unless B. Less C. After D. Although6. A. into B. within C. from D. through7. A. or B. since C. but D. so8. A. test B. copy C. reciteD. create9. A. folding B. piling C. wrapping D. tying10. A. passing B. lighting C. hidingD. serving11. A.association B. meeting C. collection D. union12. A. deal B. part C. grow D. live13. A. whereas B. until C. for D. if14. A. avoid B. follow C. challengeD. obtain15. A. isolated B. persuaded C. viewed D. exposed16. A. wherever B. whatever C. whenever D. however17. A. changed B. brought C. shaped D.pushed在柬埔寨， 伴侣的选择对于年轻男性来说是一个复杂的问题。
这 不仅与他本人以及未来伴侣的父母朋友相关， 而且与媒婆也有着千丝 万缕的关系。
他可以自己选择自己中意的伴侣并让父母安排相关事 务，或者几乎不参与，完全让父母选择自己的对象。
理论上来说，女 方可以拒绝她父母所选择的对象。
在选好自己的对象后， 每个家庭都 能会去调查对方家庭来确保他们的孩子嫁到好人家。
传统的婚礼是一段漫长，多姿多彩的过程。
从前会持续三天，但是到 了 20 世纪 80 年代，一般会持续一天半。
佛教徒通常会做简短诵经， 并为新人祈福。
仪式通常包括剪发， 在新郎新娘的胳膊上系上浸满圣 水的棉绳，在幸福的、受人尊敬的夫妇中传递蜡烛来祈祷新人的结合。
通常情况下， 新婚夫妇会到妻子父母家里住一年， 直到他们在附近建 一栋新房子为止。
离婚是合法的， 而且很容易获得批准， 但是在实际中这种情况并不常 见。
离过婚的男女会受到一些人的诟病。
夫妇双方在离婚后可保有他 或她婚前带来的财产， 而且可平分婚后共同取得的财产。
离过婚的人 或许会再婚，但是性别偏见还是很明显。
比如，离过婚的男性再婚前 不需要一段等待期而女性则需要等19. A. warmsB. clearsC. showsD. breaks 20. A. whileB. so thatC. onceD. in that18. A.investedB. dividedC. donatedD. withdrawn待十个月。
1.[标准答案][D]as well as[ 考点分析] 本题考察逻辑关系[选项分析]因为考察逻辑关系，所以需要我们先对填空前后的原文信息做定位分析：文章身处大环境not only⋯but also 之中，这是一个明显的并列关系，表示“不仅⋯⋯而且⋯⋯”该空与前一句“ his parents and his friends”也是并列关系，表示“与他本人以及伴侣的父母朋友相关” 所以答案只能是D. as well as.A. by way of 通过B. with regard to 关于C. on behalf of 代表2.[标准答案][A] decide o[ 考点分析] 上下文语义[ 选项分析] 根据该句的主语 a young man与宾语 a likely spouse的关系，答案只能是 A. decide on 决定。
表示自己决定自己的对象。
B. provide for 为⋯⋯提供准备 C. compete with 与⋯⋯竞争 D. adapt to 适用3.[标准答案][B]arrange[考点分析]上下文语义及动词辨析[ 选项分析] 该句意思为，他可以自己选择自己中意的伴侣并让父母相关事务。
四个选项中，A. close 关闭 C renew 更新；恢复 D postpone“推迟”，语义不正确，只有 B arrange 安排是符合语境4.[标准答案][A]In theory[ 考点分析] 上下文语义[选项分析]逻辑判断题。
主要是看前后两句的含义，前面是说“他可以自己选择自己中意的伴侣并让父母安排相关事务，或者几乎不参与，完全让父母选择自己的对象。
” 空格后面说“女方可以拒绝她父母所选择的对象。
”这两句之间没有举例说明的关系，且有一个may，更证明 A. In theory 的正确性。
而其他选项 B. Above all 最重要的是， C. In time 准时 D. For example 举例，均不符合题意。
5.[标准答案][C]After[ 考点分析] 上下文语义[ 选项分析] 根据下文“ a spouse has been selected, each family investigates the other ⋯⋯”知道，只有对象选择好后，父母才会去调查研究对方的背景。
所以只有after 才对。
其他选项 A. Unless 除非，否则 B. Lest 以免，唯恐 D. Although 尽管都不符合题意。
6.[标准答案][A]into[考点分析]上下文语义及介词词义辨析[选项分析] 这里主要是看marry 与相关介词的固定搭配。
这里marry into 就是指嫁到，而其他选项均没有这层含义。
7.[标准答案][C]but［考点分析］逻辑关系题［选项分析］根据上文，说传统的婚礼时间跨度很长，但是到了1980s,婚礼只持续一天半。
所以与前文发生转变。
因此要选择but 转折关系。
8.［标准答案］［C］recite［考点分析］上下文语义及动词词义辨析［选项分析］空格处需要填一个动词，和后面的prayers of blessing 所搭配，C选项recite为背诵的意思，与所给短语搭配最为合理，译为“为祈祷者做祈福” 。
9.［标准答案］［D］tying［考点分析］上下文语义及动词词义辨析［选项分析］本题需要根据上下文语义分析，空格处需要搭配后文“棉花线头”，纵观四个选项［A］折叠［B］堆积［C］包裹［D］系上，根据选项含义，只有 D 和后文的“棉花线头”搭配最为合理。