英语动词变化规律、发音及不规则动词表(附音标).doc

英语不规则动词变化表1、一般情况下，动词词尾加-ed，如：work ---worked play---played wanted----wanted act----acted2、以不发音的-e结尾动词，动词词尾加-d ，如：live---lived move----moved taste---tasted hope---hoped3 、以辅音字母+ y结尾的动词，把-y变为-i再加-ed，如：study---studied copy---copied cry---criedcarry---carried4、以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节动词，双写词尾辅音字母，再加-ed ，如：stop ---stopped5、不规则动词的过去式变化规律性不强，须多加记忆。

过去式“ - ed”的发音规则（ 1）动词词尾为“ t ，d”时，发/ id / 音，want →wanted （要） need →needed （需要）（ 2）动词词尾为清辅音时，发 / t / 音。

help →helped （帮助） laugh →laughed （笑） look →looked （看）kiss →ki ssed （吻） wash →washed （洗）watch →watched （注视）（ 3）动词词尾为 t ，d 以外之浊辅音或元音时，发 / d / 音。

call →called （叫） stay →stayed （停留） cry →cried （哭）英语不规则动词记忆表动词原形过去式过去分词cost [k ? st] cost [k ? st] cost [k ? st] 花费cut [k ? t] cut [k ? t] cut [k ? t] 割，切hurt [h ? :t] hurt [h ? :t] hurt [h ? :t] 受伤hit [hit] hit [hit] hit [hit] 打，撞let[let] let[let] let[let] 让put[put] put[put] put[put] 放下read[ri:d] read[ri:d] read[ri:d] 读set [set] set [set] set [set] 安排，安置spread [spred] spread [spred] spread [spred] 展开，传播，涂spit [spit] spit/spat [spit] spit/spat [spit] 吐痰 ,shut [ ? ? t] shut [ ? ? t] shut [ ? ? t] 关上 , 闭起 , 停止营业动词原形过去式过去分词beat [bi:t]beat [bi:t] beaten ['bi:tn]打败动词原形过去式过去分词become[bi'k ? m] became[bi'keim]become[bi'k ? m]变come[k ? m]came[keim]come[k? m]来run[r ? n]ran[r ? n]run[r ? n]跑（ 1）在动词原形后加一个辅音字母d,t 或 ed 构成过去式或过去分词。

动词原形过去式过去分词burn [b ? :n] burnt [b ? :nt] burnt [b ? :nt] 燃烧deal [di:l] dealt [delt] dealt [delt] 解决dream[dri:m] dreamed/dreamt dreamed/dreamt [dremt] 做梦hear[hi ? ] heard[h ? :d] heard[h ? :d] 听见hang['h ? ? ] hanged/hung [h ? ? ] hanged/hung 绞死，悬挂learn[l ? :n] learned/learnt[l ? :nt] learned/learnt[l ? :nt] 学习light['lait] lit/lighted[lit] lit/lighted[lit] 点燃 ,照亮mean[mi:n] meant[ment] meant[ment] 意思prove[pru:v] proved proven/proved ['pru:v ? n] 证明 ,证实 ,试验shine [ ? ain] shone/shined shone/shined [ ? ? un, ? ? n] 使照耀，使发光show[ ? ? u] showed showed/shown[' ? ? un] 展示 , 给... 看smell [smel] smelled/smelt [smelt] smelled/smelt [smelt] 闻 , 嗅speed [spi:d] sped[sped]/speeded sped/speeded [sped] 加速spell[spel] spelled/spelt[spelt] spelled/spelt[spelt] 拼写wake[weik] waked/woke [w ? uk] waked/woken ['w ? uk ? n] 醒来，叫醒 , 激发（ 2）把动词原形的最后一个辅音字母“d”改为“ t ”构成过去式或过去分词。

动词原形过去式过去分词build [bild] built [bilt] built [bilt] 建筑lend [lend] lent [lent] lent [lent] 借给rebuild [,ri:'bild] rebuilt [,ri:'bilt] rebuilt [,ri:'bilt] 改建,重建send[send] sent[sent] sent[sent] 送spend[spend] spent[spent] spent[spent] 花费（3）原形→ ought →ought动词原形过去式过去分词bring[bri ? ] brought[br ? :t] buy[bai] bought[b ? :t] fight[fait] fought[f ? :t] think [ θi? k] thought [ θ ? :t] (4) 原形→ aught →au ght动词原形过去式catch[k ? t ? ] caught[k ? :t] teach[ti:t ? ] taught[t ? :t] （ 5）变其中一个元音字母动词原形过去式brought[br ? :t] 带来bought[b ? :t] 买fought[f ? :t] 打架thought [ θ ? :t] 思考,想过去分词caught[k ? :t]捉,抓taught[t ? :t]教过去分词dig [di ɡ]dug[d ? ɡ]feed [fi:d] fed [fed]find[faind] foundget[ ɡet] got[ ɡ? t]hold [h ? uld] held [held]lead [li:d] led [led]meet[mi:t] met[met]sit[sit] sat[s ? t]shoot [ ? u:t] shot [ ? ? t]spit [spit] spit/spat [sp ? t] stick [stik] stuck [st ? k] win[win] won[w? n]（ 6）原形→□ lt/pt/ft →□ lt/pt/ft动词原形过去式feel['fi:l] felt[felt]keep[ki:p] kept[kept]leave[li:v] left[left]sleep[sli:p] slept[slept] sweep[swi:p] swept [swept] dug[d ? ɡ]fed [fed]foundgot/gotten['ɡ? t ? n]held [held]led [led]met[met]sat[s ? t]shot [ ? ? t]spit/spat [sp ? t]stuck [st ? k]won[w? n]过去分词felt[felt]kept[kept]left[left]slept[slept]swept [swept]掘( 土), 挖( 洞、沟等 )喂发现，找到得到拥有，握住，支持引导, 带领, 领导遇见坐射击吐痰 ,插进, 刺入, 粘住,赢感到保持离开睡觉扫(7)其它动词原形过去式过去分词lay [lei] laid [leid] laid [leid] 下蛋,放置pay[pei] paid[peid] paid[peid] 付say[sei] said[sed] said[sed] 说stand[st ? nd] stood[stud] stood[stud] 站understand understood[, ? nd? 'st ? nd] understood[, ? nd? 'st ? nd] 明白lose[lu:z] lost[l ? st,l ? :st] lost[l ? st,l ? :st] 失去have[h ? v] had[h ? d,h ? d, ? d] had[h ? d,h ? d, ? d] 有make[meik] made[meid] made[meid] 制造sell[sel] sold[s ? uld] sold[s ? uld] 卖tell[tel] told[t ? uld] told[t ? uld] 告诉retell [,ri:'tel] retold [,ri:'t ? uld] retold [,ri:'t ? uld] 重讲，重复，复述（ 1）原形→过去式→原形+(e)n动词原形过去式过去分词blow [bl ? u] blew [blu:] blown 吹drive[draiv] drove[dr ? uv] driven[driv ? n] 驾驶draw[dr ? :] drew[dru:] drawn[dr ? :n] 画画eat[i:t] ate[et,eit] eaten['i:t ? n] 吃fall[f ? :l] Fell[ fel ] fallen['f ? :l ? n] 落下give[ ɡiv] gave[ ɡeiv] given[' ɡiv? n] 给grow[ ɡr? u] grew[ ɡru:] grown[ ɡr? un] 生长forgive [f ? ' ɡiv] forgot [f ? ' ɡ? t] forgiven 原谅,饶恕know[n ? u] knew[nju:,nu:] known 知道mistake [mi'steik] mistook [mi'stuk] mistooken 弄错;误解,overeat[' ? uv ? 'i:t] overate [, ? uv? 'reit] overeaten ( 使) 吃过量prove[pru:v] proved proven/proved 证明,证实,试验take[teik] took[tuk] taken['teikn,'teik ? n] 拿throw [ θr? u] threw [ θru:] thrown [ θr? un,' θr? un] 抛，扔ride[raid] rode[r ? ud] ridden['rid ? n] 骑see[si:] saw[s ? :] seen[si:n] 看见show[ ? ? u] showed showed/shown[' ? ? un] 展示write[rait] wrote[r ? ut] written['rit ? n] 写（ 2）原形→过去式→过去式+(e)n动词原形过去式过去分词break[breik] broke[br ? uk] broken['br ? uk? n] 打破choose [t ? u:z] chose [t ? ? uz] chosen ['t ? ? uz? n] 选择get[ ɡet] got[ ɡ? t] got/gotten[' ɡ? t ? n] 得到hide [haid] hid [hid] hidden ['hid ? n] 隐藏forget [f ? ' ɡet] forgot [f ? ' ɡ? t] forgotten [f ? ' ɡ? tn] 忘记freeze [fri:z] froze [fr ? uz] frozen ['fr ? uzn] 冷冻 , 结冰，感到严寒speak[spi:k] spoke[sp ? uk] spoken['sp ? uk? n] 说steal [sti:l] stole stolen ['st ? ul ? n] 偷(3)变单词在重读音节中的元音字母“ i ”分别为“ a”（过去式）和“ u”（过去分词）。