2017届高考英语一轮复习 学通语法 第八讲 名词和主谓一致 新人教版
高考英语一轮复习之名词和冠词以及主谓一致课件
不定冠词a/an的活用和习惯用法
(1)下列三种名词转化中常用不定冠词。
抽象名词 具体化
P.13
a surprise a success a failure a pity a wonder ......
三化
物质名词 具体化
P.14
a heavy rain a cold winter have a good breakfast
Word came that I was needeed at home. Man can conquer nature.
B.特殊情况下名词复数的用法
1）有些名词在使用时总是用其复数形式
thanks,authorities(当局)，possessions(财产)，clothes,
congratulations, goods, works, shoes,trousers, manners(礼貌)等。
专有名词 普通化
P.14
A Mr.Smith is waiting for you.
Sorry, we don't have a Johnson
here.
=a certain/some 某一个
• (2)a/an＋
形容词最高级，表示“……非常/很……” 形容词比较级＋单数名词，表示“更……的”
序数词，表示“又一，再一”
规则2：名词前有this,that,my,your,some,each,any等限定时。 As time went on, Einstein's theory proved to be correct. She is not my type of wowan.
规则3：class, school, church, college, university, hospital, prison, court,
高考英语语法一轮复习——主谓一致(共22张PPT)
• When and where to go _h_a_s_ not been
decided yet.
• What he said and what he did _w__e_r_e
always different. 注意：如果主语是两个（或以上）的名词性从句， 则谓语动词常用复数。
二、意义一致原则
4．单复数同形的名词，如means， sheep，deer，works（工厂），谓 语动词根据意义用单数、复数。例如：
• Every possible means has been tried． 每一个可能的方法都试过了。
• All possible means have been tried． 所有可能的方法都试过了。
一、语法一致原则
2．不定代词each，either，neither， one， the other，anybody，somebody， something，everyone，nobody， nothing等作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。 例如：
• Each takes a cup of coffee． 每人喝一杯咖啡。
• A woman with two children has come．
一个妇女带着两个孩子来了。
• The students as well as their teacher like this painting．
学生和他们的老师都喜欢这幅画。
• Jane and John，like Henry，were late．
books on the desk． 书桌上有一枝钢笔、一个笔记本和一些书。
• Here __i_s_ some paper and a few
高考英语一轮复习 语法点专题讲解 主谓一致-人教版高三全册英语试题
主谓一致英语中主谓一致是指句中的谓语动词和主语在人称和数上保持一致。
在做涉与主谓一致的练习时,同学们有时会觉得顾此失彼。
究其原因,往往是没有把握住主语的真正内涵,考虑不周全。
笔者对此问题作一总结,供同学们参考。
一般来说,主谓一致要遵循以下三个原如此:一、语法一致原如此主谓一致是指句子的主语和谓语在语法形式上保持一致。
(1)主语后面有as well as, with, together, along with, but, like, except, including等非并列连接性短语时, 谓语动词不受该短语中名词数的影响, 仍和主语在人称和数上保持一致。
例如:No one except two boys was late for school.There was a bill along with the parcel.The teacher as well as the students likes this painting.(2)由and或both.…and连接的名词作复合主语时, 谓语动词用复数形式。
例如:The red rose and the white rose are very beautifu1.Both bread and butter were sold out in that shop.但要注意, 如果连接的两个名词表示同一概念, 即指同一个人或物时(其特征是and后的名词没有任何冠词), 如此主语表示单数意义。
例如:The secretary and principal of the schoo1 was present at the meeting.The writer and poet has decided to be on holiday in Guilin.(3)在each.…and each..., every ...and every..., no...and...后分别跟单数名词作主语时, 谓语动词用单数形式。
高考英语一轮复习之名词数词和主谓一致
名词、数词和主谓一致一、问：本考点的命题思路是什么？答：名词、数词和主谓一致在英语语法中的地位不是特别重要，但是在高考中还是时有涉及并且试题的难度亦较大，通常以单项选择题的形式出现。
涉及的知识点包括名词的单复数、名词的所有格、名词作定语的用法、易混的名词之间的区别等多方面的用法。
例1：（2007 湖南卷）We live day by day, but in the great things, the time of days and weeks _________ so small that a day is unimportant.A. isB. areC. has beenD. have been【答案】A 。
【题源探究】这是一道综合性考题，考查主语与谓语的一致和时态的用法。
【广角思维】该题设计的极为巧妙，看似复杂的一道试题，如果注意到了对结构的准确把握和分析，我们就明白其实这是比较简单的一道试题。
The time 是真正的主语，of days and weeks是定语，所以谓动用单数，该句的时态是一般现在时。
综上可知答案为A【易误警示】不能准确地找出主语是这类试题出错的主要原因，有的学生认定days and weeks是主语结果选了B。
【悟彻高考】主谓一致试题中主语通常和谓语被一些其它成分分隔开，这是命题的一种发展趋势，如：当主语后面跟有由as much as, rather than , more than, no less than 等引导的从属结构，或跟有由as well as, in addition to ,with, along with, together with, except等引导的词组时，其后的动词形式取决主语的形式。
The ocean, as well as the gulf and the bay, provides good fishing.John, rather than his roommates, is to blame.Hugh,as well as his two sisters, is vacationing in Wyoming this summer.Some of the employees as much as the manager were responsible for the failure.My husband,more than anyone else in the family, is longing to go there again.【同类预测】主谓一致的关键在于找准主语，命题人设计问题时会做一些障碍来增加试题的难度，所以在做这一类型题时要找出真正的主语。
高考英语一轮语法复习---主谓一致详解课件
优秀课件PPT公开课优质课PPT课件高 考英语 一轮语 法复习---主谓 一致详 解课件 （共37 张）
6. clothes, goods, sales, arts等名词作主语时,谓语 通常用复数形式。
1. the+姓的复数形式 优秀课件PPT公开课优质课PPT课件高考英语一轮语法复习---主谓一致详解课件（共37张） 1.The Greens are going to make a trip to London. 2.The Smiths often play with their children in their spare time.
2. 主语由“S”结尾的学科名词充当时
1.Physics is well worth studying. 2.Maths is a difficult subject.
3. 主语由从句、不定式短语、动名词充当时
1.When we will start hasn’t been decided. 2.To die for the people is a worthy death. 3.Looking after the children is her full-time job.
优秀课件PPT公开课优质课PPT课件高 考英语 一轮语 法复习---主谓 一致详 解课件 （共37 张）
优秀课件PPT公开课优质课PPT课件高 考英语 一轮语 法复习---主谓 一致详 解课件 （共37 张）
11. many a / more than one+名词单数 1. Many a woman has great influence on her husband. 2. More than one soldier was killed in the battle. # More soldiers than one were killed in the battle.
高考英语一轮复习英语语法专题复习：主谓一致讲解课件(共29张)
高考英语一轮复习英语语法专题复习 ：主谓 一致讲 解课件 （共29 张）
主谓一致
Subject-Verb Agreement
主谓一致 (Subject-Verb Agreement) 指 谓语动词 在人称和数上 要和 主语 保持一致。
(1) 语法一致原则：主谓在语法形式上一致，即单复数形式相同。 f. 国家、机构、事件、作品等专有名词作主语，视为单数。
真题解析
【2017阅读】 The proliferation of testing in schools has become one of the most contentious topics in U.S. education.
【句意】学校考试的泛滥已经成为美国教育中最具争议的话题之一。
主谓一致 Subject-Verb Agreement
主谓一致
Subject-Verb Agreement
主谓一致 (Subject-Verb Agreement) 指 谓语动词 在人称和数上 要和 主语 保持一致。
(1) 语法一致原则：主谓在语法形式上一致，即单复数形式相同。 d. 名词+of 所有格作主语，谓语单复数视前面的核心名词而定。
The colors of the rainbow _______(be) beautiful.
高考英语一轮复习英语语法专题复习 ：主谓 一致讲 解课件 （共29 张）
高考英语一轮复习英语语法专题复习 ：主谓 一致讲 解课件 （共29 张）
主谓一致
Subject-Verb Agreement
主谓一致 (Subject-Verb Agreement) 指 谓语动词 在人称和数上 要和 主语 保持一致。
高考英语一轮复习英语语法专题复习 ：主谓 一致讲 解课件 （共29 张）
高考英语总复习学案高考语法专题主谓一致和特殊句式新人教版
高考语法专题：主谓一致和特殊句式考纲新研读主谓一致主谓一致是指句子主语和谓语应该在人称和数上保持一致。
1. 动名词作主语、不定式、句子作主语和书名作主语，谓语用单数：Grow ing vegetables n eeds con sta nt wateri ng.That we have made great progress is an excit ing fact.To see is to believe.Arabia n Nights is a good book.2. and连接两个名词时，如果只有第一个名词有冠词，指的是一个人或一件事，谓语用单数；如果两个名词都有冠词，指的是两个人或两件事，谓语用复数。
如：The iron and steel works plays an importa nt part.（钢铁厂，指的是一家工厂）The iron and the steel works play an important part.（铁厂和钢厂，指的是两家工厂）A （The） sin ger and dancer is coming to visit our school.（指一个人）A （The） sin ger and a （the） dancer are comin g.（指两个人）3. 由with, but, as well as 等介词引导的名词与谓语无关。
女口：An expert, together with some stude nts, was sent to help in this work.Nobody but Xiao Li and Xiao Wang was there.He as well as we knows the secret.4. which,what引导疑问句时，句子谓语要由后面表语的单复数来决定。
如；Which is your room?Which are your rooms?What he said is correct.What he left me are a few old books.5. none作主语，谓语用单数、复数都行：None of us has got a camera.None of the books are easy eno ugh for us.6. either,neither 作主语，谓语用单数：Has either of them told you?Neither of us has gone through regular training.7. many a, more than one 作主语，谓语用单数：Many a pers on has had that kind of experie nee.More than one person has something to do with the matter.8. people,police,cattle 作主语，谓语用复数：The police are look ing for him.由意思来确定：The public in cludes you and me.The public are tired of the strike.The family is large.The family are watch ing TV now.10. Chinese,Japanese,sheep,fish,deer,means 等单数、复数同形,作主语时，谓语看实际情况：This means was discussed at the meeti ng.These means are to be discussed at the meeti ng.11. 时间、重量、长度、价值的复数当一个整体来看，作主语时，谓语用单数：Ten years was a long time.但是:Two fives are ten.There are two hours left.12. either...or, neither... nor, not on ly...but also 等作主语时，谓语就近原则：Either you or he is to do the work.Are either you or he to do the work?13. there,here 引导句子，主语不止一个时，谓语与邻近的一致：Here is a pen, and a few en velopes for you.There is a desk, two chairs and a bed in the room.14. populatio n,m ajority ,nu mber,variety 等作主语时，谓语的单、复数看意思来定：The populati on of China is larger tha n that of the USA.30 perce nt of the populati on are childre n (live in thecoun tryside).15. supply,qua ntity,t on 等词做主语时，谓语由这些词的单、复数来定：Ten tons of rice are sent to the flooded area.16. every...a nd every...;each...a nd each... 作主语时，谓语用单数：Every boy and every girl likes the film star.句型句式1. 反意疑问句，尤其是祈使句You feed the bird today, will you?2.it is/was...that... 强调句型It was here that I first met him.It is I that am fortun ate.3. 固定俗语、谚语No pains, no gains.不劳而无获。
人教版高三英语一轮复习 主谓一致 课件
14
❖ 结论2:
❖ 由neither…nor…,either…or…, or, not only, but also等连接主语，及在there
be句型中，谓语动词采用就近一致 的原
则。 There is an apple and some oranges in the plate.
15
15. “______ twenty dollars a big sum to her?”
at home.
A. is B. are C. has D. was
10. Either the dean or the principal
______ the meeting.
A. attends
B. attend
C. are attending D. have attended
10
11. ______ was wrong. A. Not the teacher but the students B. Both the students and the teacher C. Neither the teacher nor the students D. Not the students but the teacher
12
13. Wisky and soda __A____ his
favorite drink.
A. is
B. are
C. were
高考一轮复习 名词和主谓一致 讲义
高中英语教师辅导教案一、名词【知识主干】知识主干一、名词的分类二、名词的数可数名词的数1改变名词中的元音字母或其他形式man-men, woman-women, foot-feet, goose-geese, mouse-mice 2单复数相同sheep, deer, means, works, fish, yuan, jin3只有复数形式trousers, clothes, thanks, goods, glasses,4一些集体名词总是用作复数people, police，cattle5部分集体名词既可以作单数（整体）也可以作复数（成员）class, family, crowd, couple, group, government, population, team,public, partyThe crew is large.船员人数很多(指整体)。
The crew are all tired.船员们都累坏了(指个体)。
6复数形式表示特别含义customs(海关), times(时代), spirits(情绪), drinks(饮料), sands(沙滩), papers(文件报纸), looks(外表), brains(头脑智力), greens(青菜)，woods（树林）；works（工厂、作品）forces（军队），damages(损害赔偿）、pains(辛劳）7表示某国人加-s Americans, Australians, Germans, Greeks, Swedes, Europeans单复数同形Swiss, Portuguese, Chinese, Japanese以-man或-woman结尾的改为-men,-womenEnglishmen, Frenchwomen8合成名词将主体名词变为复数sons-in-law, lookers-on, passers-by, story-tellers, boy friends无主体名词时将最后一部分变为复数grown-ups, housewives, stopwatches将两部分变为复数women singers, men doctors不可数名词的数1、常见的不可数名词一般来说，物质名词和抽象名词是不可数的，因此没有复数形式，一般也不能用a或an修饰。
新人教版版高考一轮复习语法数词和主谓一致导学案英语
一、数词考点一基数词１．注意几个不规则的基数词的写法。
如:eleven,twelve,thirteen,fifteen,twenty,thirty,forty,fifty 等。
２．英语中的数量以三位为一个单位,一般对应阿拉伯数字的写法每三位加一个逗号,分别是thousand,million和billion。
如:ten thousand=１0,000;one hundred million=１00,000,000。
３．数词hundred,thousand,million,billion,dozen,score 表示确切数目时不加—s,但若表示不确切数目时,要用复数形式,与of构成短语。
如:一万:ten thousand;成千上万的：tens of thousands of;两打鸡蛋:two dozen eggs;许多鸡蛋:dozens of eggs。
We got two hundred story—books.我们弄到了两百本故事书。
There are hundreds of people in the hall.大厅里有好几百人。
４．年代及年龄表达法表示“某人几十岁”时,用“in one’s+逢十的基数词复数”,而“十几岁”不可表示为tens,而要说成teens;表示“……世纪……年代”时,用“in the+逢十的年数后加s或’s”。
如:in his twenties 在他２0多岁时in the １990s∕１990’s 在２0世纪90年代考点二序数词１．序数词前面一般加the,多数序数词由基数词加—th构成。
如:the fifteenth;以y结尾的基数词变化时,先把y改成i,再加—eth。
如:twentieth。
注意几个不规则的序数词的写法。
如:first,second,third,fifth,eighth,ninth,twelfth等。
２．序数词常可缩写,其形式为阿拉伯数字加序数词的最后两个字母。
2017高考英语知识点总结：主谓一致
2017高考英语知识点总结：主谓一致 2017高考英语知识点总结：主谓一致主谓一致是历年高考试题中的测试重点之一。
普通与其它知识综合起来考察。
近几年语境综合化程度越来越高。
分数、百分数、别定式、动名词、定语从句等场合下的主谓一致咨询题仍将会是今后高考命题的热点。
主谓一致是指一具句子的主语和谓语动词保持人称与数的一致关系。
有点句子别易直截了当看出主语的单复数，需认真推敲。
处理主谓一致要注意语法一致，意义上一致和就近一致。
高考重点要求：1. 依照主谓一致的三个原则(语法一致,意义一致，就近一致), 推断和确定句子的主语和谓语在人称和数上保持一致2. 掌握固定词组作主语,谓语动词的数与主语保持一致考生在掌握主谓一致的基本原则的并且，也要特殊注意语法一致的原则，而且分数、百分数、别定式、动名词、定语从句等场合下的主谓一致咨询题仍将会是今后高考命题的热点。
复习时需注意的要点1、集体名词看作整体时，谓语动词用单数，看作各个成员时，谓语用复数。
例如：His family isn’t large.His family are all fond of music.2、些名词如news, maths, physics等尽管有词尾“s”但意义上是单数，谓语动词要用单数。
例如：The news is wonderful.Physics is an interesting subject.3、由数词+表示分量、里程、时刻、金钞票等名词所构成的复数名词主语，是当作一具整体看待的，后面用单数动词。
例如：Five minutes is too short.Ten dollars is enough.4、主语后面跟有介词with或together with 引导的短语时，谓语动词普通与前面的主语的人称和数一致。
例如：The teacher together with ten students is doing an experiment in the lab.5、主语前有every或each修饰时，不管有几个主语，谓语动词用单数。
高考英语一轮复习 专题2 名词、数词与主谓一致课件 人教版
s，如：standby→stand-bys（旁观者），grown-up→grown-ups（成年人）
【考点二】考查不可数名词
Education is very important for development.
I need a light by my bed.
Light travels faster than sound. 【即学即练】 单项填空 ①Having studied in American for many years, he had______ of English.
(1)表示不可数名词的复数形式时，需要另外加量词，通常有piece, bit等。
Tom has eaten three loaves of bread, but he wants to eat more.
(2)有些名词根据用法可以是可数名词也可以是不可数名词。主要有下面几种情 况：
①有些名词既可被看成“个体”，又可被看作“物质”。如：a chicken （可 数，小鸡）→chicken（不可数，鸡肉）
解析：选B。表示类别直接用单数名词作定语。
【考点五】考查名词的修饰语
(1)只能修饰可数名词的有：each, either, neither, another, these,
those, both, (a) few, several, many, a great/good many, a large
number of, scores of, dozens of等。
超过“一”时，分母须加s。如：one tenth（1/10）， three
高考英语一轮复习系列课件主谓一致共35页
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用复数形式；此处叙述的又是现在的事实，所以用一
般现在时。come用于进行时通常用来表示按照计划
或安排将要发生的动作，因此D项不恰当。
• 4.(2019高考英语湖南卷,33)Listening to loud music at rock concerts caused hearing loss in some teenagers.
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• 【解析】考查时态和主谓一致。从时间状语at present可判断出用现在时，“many a+单数可 数名词”虽然表示复数意思，但要用单数谓语 。
• 3.(2019高考英语江苏卷,33)---Is everyone here?
高三英语(人教新课标)一轮复习(课件教师用书)学通语法第八讲名词和主谓一致
■■■■划把脉易错点（二）〕 瘵 I I I I I+演练大冲关名词和主谓一Lk集释(二)“词形变化类”语法项目第八讲名词和主谓一致(―)名词［突破常考点——助力语法填空］髙賢真题咸〕悟］单句语法填空1 • (2015*新课标全国卷II 语法填空)• •• what makes the adobedwellings admirable is their 川川心(able) to u air condition" a house without using electric equipment.2.(2015噺课标全国卷I 语法填空)1’ d skipped nearby Guilin, adream place for tourists seeking the limestone mountain tops and dark waters of the Li River that are pictured by artists in so many Chinese Pontings (painting).3.(2014•新课标全国卷I语法填空)While there are amazingstories of instant transformation, for most of us the changes (change) are gradual and require a lot of effort and work, like cleaning up a polluted river.(201牛辽宁高考语法填空)Unbelievable! Oh …，if you don' t mind J 11 stop and take a deep breath (breathe)・ (2014•湖北高考改编)Her motivation (motivate) for writing was a desire for womento get the right to higher education. (2011* 浙江高考改编)Any way, I can t cheat him 一it ，s against all my Principles (principle). :舄凰:肴点〕精祈］一、名词的单复数1. 单数名词变为复数名词的基本规则⑴以9结尾的名词变为复数时，常在词尾加$但下列4. 5.6.名词要加・es,它们是：黑人英雄在回声中吃土豆、西红柿，• ••• • • ••••••艮卩Negroes^ heroes, echoes, potatoes，tomatoes o但下列以・o结尾的名词既可以加・es,也可以加s 它们是:zeros/zeroes^, mosquitos/mosquitoes蚊子,volcanos/ volcanoes 火山。
高三英语一轮复习主谓一致教学课件 (共26张PPT)
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高三英语(人教版新课标)一轮复习学通语法第八讲名词和主谓一致
第八讲名词和主谓一致(一)名词一、名词的单复数1．单数名词变为复数名词的基本规则(1)以-o结尾的名词变为复数时，常在词尾加-s，但下列名词要加-es，它们是：黑人英雄．．．．．．．．．在回声．．中吃土豆、西红柿．，即Negroes, heroes, echoes, potatoes, tomatoes。
(2)以-f或-fe结尾的名词变为复数时，一般f或fe去掉加-ves，它们是：为了自己．．．．和他的妻子．．手里．．活命，小偷拿着刀子．．上，把狼．劈成两半．，即selves, lives, thieves, wives, knives, leaves, shelves, wolves, halves。
但．．和树叶．．站在架子下列以-f或-fe结尾的名词直接加-s，它们是：屋顶．．上的首领信仰保险箱．．．．．．．，即roofs, chiefs, beliefs, safes。
(3)合成名词变成复数时，通常只将里面所含的主体名词变为复数，如果没有主体名词，则将最后一部分变为复数。
如：sons-in-law女婿；passers-by过路人；story-tellers讲故事的人；2．常见单复数同形的名词Chinese 中国人；Japanese 日本人；sheep 绵羊；deer鹿；series 系列；means 方式；works 工厂；fish 鱼；fruit 水果；crossroads 十字路口；其中fish, fruit表示种类时，可加复数词尾，即fishes, fruits。
二、抽象名词具体化1．具有某种特性、状态、情感的抽象名词在表示具体的概念时，可以与不定冠词连用，常考到的有：②在指示代词this, that后用单数名词；在these, those后用复数名词。
例如time表示“次数”为可数名词，表示“时间”为不可数名词；experience表示“经历”时为可数名词，表示“经验”时为不可数名词；progress, luggage/baggage, advice, weather, information, equipment, furniture等都只能用作不可数名词。
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第八讲名词和主谓一致(一) 名词单句语法填空1．(2015·新课标全国卷Ⅱ语法填空)．.. what makes the adobe dwellings admirable is their ability (able) to “air condition” a house without using electric equipment.2．(2015·新课标全国卷Ⅰ语法填空)I’d skipped nearby Guilin, a dream place for tourists seeking the limestone mountain tops and dark waters of the Li River that are pictured by artists in so many Chinese paintings (painting)．3．(2014·新课标全国卷Ⅰ语法填空)While there are amazing stories of instant transformation, for most of us the changes (change) are gradual and require a lot of effort and work, like cleaning up a polluted river.4．(2014·辽宁高考语法填空)Unbelievable！Oh ..., if you don’t mind, I’ll stop and take a deep breath (breathe)．5．(2014·湖北高考改编)Her motivation (motivate) for writing was a desire for women to get the right to higher education.6．(2011·浙江高考改编)Anyway, I can’t cheat him — it’s against all my principles (principle)．一、名词的单复数1．单数名词变为复数名词的基本规则(1)以o结尾的名词变为复数时，常在词尾加s，但下列名词要加es，它们是：黑人．．英雄．．．．．．，即Negroes, heroes, echoes, potatoes, tomatoes。
．．在回声．．中吃土豆、西红柿但下列以o结尾的名词既可以加es，也可以加s，它们是：zeros/zeroes零，mosquitos/mosquitoes蚊子，volcanos/volcanoes火山。
(2)以f或fe结尾的名词变为复数时，一般f或fe去掉加ves，它们是：为了自己．．活命，小偷．．站在架子．．和树叶．．上，把狼．劈成两半．，即selves, lives, ．．手里拿着刀子．．．．和他的妻子thieves, wives, knives, leaves, shelves, wolves, halves。
但下列以f或fe结尾的名词直接加s，它们是：屋顶．．上的首领信仰保险箱．．．．．．．，即roofs, chiefs, beliefs, safes。
但下列以f结尾的名词既可以去掉f加ves，也可以直接加s，它们是：handkerchiefs/handkerchieves手帕，scarfs/scarves围巾。
(3)合成名词变成复数时，通常只将里面所含的主体名词变为复数，如果没有主体名词，则将最后一部分变为复数。
如：sonsinlaw女婿；passersby过路人；storytellers讲故事的人；breakfasts早餐；housewives家庭主妇。
2．常见单复数同形的名词Chinese 中国人；Japanese 日本人；sheep 绵羊；deer鹿；series 系列；means 方式；works 工厂；fish 鱼；fruit 水果；crossroads 十字路口；horsepower 马力；jin 斤等。
其中fish, fruit表示种类时，可加复数词尾，即fishes, fruits。
二、抽象名词具体化1．具有某种特性、状态、情感的抽象名词在表示具体的概念时，可以与不定冠词连用，常考到的有：I’again.我很失望，这次试验证明又一次完全的失败。
2．抽象名词与a (an)连用，淡化了抽象概念，转化为似乎可以体验到的动作、行为或类别。
①Being able to afford a drink would be a comfort in those tough times.在那些艰难的时期，能够买得起一杯饮料都会是一件令人感到欣慰的事。
②—A serious explosion happened in Tianjin.—Yes, news came as a shock to me.——天津发生了一起严重的爆炸事件。
——是的，这对我来说是一件令人震惊的事情。
三、名词所有格1．名词的所有格表示所属关系，它分’s 所有格和 of 所有格两种形式。
①Many students’ eyesight is getting poorer and poorer.很多学生的视力变得越来越差了。
②From the top of the hill, you can get a bird’s view of the city.从山顶上，你可以鸟瞰整个城市。
2．由and 连接的并列名词的所有格要分两种情况，即表示各自的所有关系时，要分别在并列名词后加’s，表示共同的所有关系时，只在最后一个名词后加’s：Tom’s and Jim’s rooms 汤姆和吉姆(各自)的房间Tom and Jim’s room 汤姆和吉姆(共同)的房间3．双重所有格指名词所有格或名词性物主代词同of构成的所有格，即“of＋名词所有格”。
a play of Shakespeare’s莎士比亚的一个戏剧a friend of my wife’s我妻子的一个朋友[知识积累]名词常见后缀集锦1．动词变名词的后缀2．形容词变名词的后缀last time, I made three new friend here.②(2015·陕西高考)Mum taught me some basic step of baking.I insisted on doing most of the baking myself. ①friend→friends②step→steps①可数名词前有数词、数量词、some或one of ...等修饰，则该名词应用复数形式；②在指示代词this, that后用单数名词；在these, those后用复数名词。
①(2014·辽宁高考)We’ve calledseveral time about Cleo’s early morning barking.②(2016·长春市质检)Looking back on the progresses that I have made so far, I really appreciate your support. ①time→times②progresses→progress(2)混淆名词的可数与不可数①有些词既可作可数名词又可作不可数名词，例如time表示“次数”为可数名词，表示“时间”为不可数名词；experience表示“经历”时为可数名词，表示“经验”时为不可数名词；②误把不可数名词当作可数名词，例如纯抽象名词：progress,luggage/baggage, advice,weather, information,equipment, furniture等都只能用作不可数名词。
(2016·济宁市一模)I’ve learnedEnglish for so long that I can communicate with native speakers of English without difficult. difficult→difficulty(3)词性错用误把动词、形容词等当作名词。
(二) 主谓一致单句语法填空1．(2015·新课标全国卷Ⅱ语法填空)This cycle goes (go) day after day: The walls warm up during the day and cool off during the night and are thus always a timely offset (抵消) for the outside temperatures.2．(2014·新课标全国卷Ⅰ语法填空)In 1969, the pollution was terrible along the Cuyahoga River near Cleveland, Ohio.It was (be) unimaginable that it could ever be cleaned up.3．(2015·湖南高考改编)It is important to remember that success is (be) a sum of small efforts made each day and often takes (take) years to achieve.4．(2014·湖南高考改编)All we need is_(be) a small piece of land where we can plant various kinds of fruit trees throughout the growing seasons of the year.5．(2013·江苏高考改编)Generally, students’inner motivation with high expectations from others is (be) essential to their development.英语中的主谓一致主要遵循三大原则：意义一致原则、语法一致原则和就近一致原则。
这三个原则发生冲突时，优先考虑意义一致原则。
一、意义一致原则1．由连词and连接的并列成分指的是同一概念，兼具身份或匹配出现(不可分割的整体)，谓语动词用单数。