中考英语词汇归类复习

一、从用法上复习归纳词汇，过语法关

英语词汇大多具有本身词义外，还有其语法功能，我们在复习时就不要把着眼点单纯放在单词记忆上，而要从它们的语法功能上去把握它们。如在复习动词时我们就要根据它们变化形式多、搭配活跃等特点，从它们的用法上进行分类记忆。这样，既可记住词汇，又可攻克语法难关。

1.宾语不同，意义也不同

英语中有些动词可同时后接不定式和动名词作宾语，但意义不同。它们是高考试题的考查重点。这类词主要有：

go on doing(继续干同一件事) go on to do(接着去干另一件事)

stop doing sth.(停止正在干的事) stop to do sth.(停下来去干某事)

regret doing(后悔干了某事) regret to do(相当于be sorry to do)

forget/remember doing(忘记/记得已做过的事) forget/rem-ember to do(忘记/记得要干的事)

mean doing(意味着干…) mean to do(想干…)try doing(尝试做) try to do(设法做)

(95高考)"You were brave enough to raise objections at the meeting.""Well,now I regret_____ ___that."

A.to do

B.to be doing

C.to have done

D.having done

(92高考)"I usually go there by train.""Why not____________by boat for a change?"

A.to try going

B.trying to go

C.to try and go

D.try going

(87高考)They would not allow him_________across the line. A.to risk going B.risking going C.for risk to go D.risk going

2.都可接宾语和宾补，形式却不同

某些动词如forbid,advise,allow,permit,admit,consider等直接接动词作宾语时要用动名词，但接宾补时，宾补要用不定式。如： We forbid smoking here.(宾语)We forbid you to smoke here.(宾补)You are forbidden to smoke here.(主补)

3.宾语不同、语态不同，意义却相同

有些词如need,require,want,deserve等后可接不定式(要用被动形式)，可接动名词(要用主动形式表被动意义)，可与worth,worthy一并记忆。两种形式意义相同。如：The room requires to be cleaned/cleaning.

(85高考)This sentence needs______________. A.an improvement B.improve C.improving D.improved

4.只接不定式作宾语的词和词组

只接不定式作宾语的词和词组有：

decide,expect,refuse,wish,hope,order,promise,pretend,offer,happen,see m,make up one's mind,used,be about,be able,have等。如：(89高考)She pretended_______me when I passed by. A.not to see B.not seeing C.to not see D.having not seen

5.只接动名词作宾语的词和词组

只接动名词作宾语的词和词组：

mind,risk,avoid,enjoy,escape,keep,suggest,appreciate,practise,delay,f inish,feel like,look forward to,can't help,keep(on),miss,be

usedto,excuse,be worth,imagine ,put off,give up等。如：

(92高考)I would appreciate_________back this afternoon.A.you to call B.you call C.your calling D.you are calling

(87高考)The squirrel was lucky that it just missed______.A.catching B.to be caught C.being caught D.to catch

6.系动词

系动词后可用名词、不定式、分词和形容词等作表语，这类词有：

表感观的系动词：look,sound,taste,smell,feel,seem,appear(这些词用形容词作表语)

表变化的系动词：become,get,turn,grow,make,come,go,fall,run表依旧的系动词：remain,keep,stay,continue,stand,rest,lie,hold

可带名词作表语的系动词：

be,become,make,look,sound,fall,prove,remain,turn(该词后接的单数名词前多不用冠词。如：He turned teacher.)(91高考)These oranges

taste____________.A.good B.well C.to be good D.to be well

7.含"被动"意味的动词