初中中考英语知识点考点总结(全)
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初中中考英语知识点考点总结
一.修饰比较级时常见的错误
1. more不可修饰比较级,但much可以用来加强比较级,意为"……的多,更……" He looks more younger than I. (×)
He looks much younger than I. (√ )
2. 比较的对象或范围出现错误。
1)The weather of Beijing is colder than Shanghai. (×)
(比较的对象应该是上海的天气,而不是上海)
The weather of Beijing is colder than that of Shanghai. (√)
,
2)China is larger than any country in Asia. (×)(出现了逻辑上的错误: 中国就是亚洲国家,应当排除在外。)
China is larger than any country in Africa. (√)中国比非洲的任何国家都大。China is larger than any other country in Asia. (√)中国比亚洲的任何(其他的)国家都大。
特别提示
Than后面接代词时,一般要用主格,但在口语中也可使用宾格。如果than后是一个句子,则不可使用宾格。
He works harder than me.
He works harder than I do.
二.形容词的比较级
用于两者比较,表示"比…更…":
"A+系动词+形容词比较级+than+ B,. I am two years older than my little sister.
.
"A+谓语动词+副词比较级+than+ B:. She gets to school earlier than the other students.
"比较级+and+比较级",这种结构表示事物本身程度的逐渐增长,意为"越来越…"。
eg. In spring the days are getting longer and longer.
"the+比较级…the+比较级",表示一方的程度随着另一方的程度的增长而增长,表示"越…,越…"。
eg. The mort you practice using English,the better you'll learn it 你英语练得越多,就会学得越好。
"A十动词十the+比较级+of短语(比较范围)",这种结构表示"两者中更……的那一个"。当比较双方只出现一方(没有than及其后面的部分),且句中含有of the two……时,比较级前要加the.
eg. Penny is the taller of the two girls.
The larger of the two houses belongs to Mr. Black.
表示两者程度不同的其他方式
可用more than(多于……),not more than(不多于……),less than(少于……),not less than(不少于……),less+形容词+ than(不如……)等。
'
We haven't got more than one hour left right now.
It is less cold today than it was yesterday.
"not+比较级+than"与"no+比较级+than" 这两个结构表达的意思完全不同:
前者往往表示"一方不比另一方……",后者往往表示"前者和后者一样都不…";
修饰说明数量时,前者表示"最多,不比……多",后者表示"仅仅",带有感情色彩。
I am not taller than you. 我不比你高。
I am no taller than you. 我和你一样高。
My French is not better than yours.
My French is no better than yours.
She is not more than seven years old.
`
She is no more than seven years old.
三.形容词的最高级
最高级是表示在三者或更多者中程度最高的比较方式
the+ 形容词最高级+名词+表示范围的短语或从句
Jack is the tallest student in his class.
He is the fastest runner of the three boys.
This is the most boring book I've ever read.
one of the+形容词最高级+名词复数+表示范围的短语或从句
China is one of the largest countries in the world.
用法比较:介词in和of引导的短语说明比较的范围
-
如果在一定的地域空间内进行比较用in; 如果在同一类事物范围内进行比较用of.
China is the largest country in Asia.
China is the largest one of all the Asian countries.
运用比较级表达最高级的概念:"比较级+than any other+名词单数","比较级+than the other+名词复数"或"比较级+than the rest of +the+名词复数"
Julia is taller than any other girl in her class.
= Julia is taller than the other girls in her class. = Julia is taller than the rest of the girls in her class.
四.表示移动方向的介词
(1)to表示“向,往到”。
如:
He will drive to Nanjing. 他将开车去南京。
《
(2) from表示“自,从,来自”。
如:
Where are you from 你是哪儿人
I am from Jiangsu Province. 我是江苏人。
(3)up表示“向……上,往上”。
如:
Mr. Smith used a lift to go up and down. 史密斯先生乘电梯上下。
( 4)down表示“向……下,沿着……往下”。
如:
Go down the street then you’ll find the shop. 沿着这条街走,你就会发现那个商店。
【
(5)round表示“环绕,围绕”
如: