测绘专业英语presentation

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测绘专业英语翻译

Unit1 What is Geomatics? 3页Data plotting (presentation) is handled through the use of mapping and other illustrative computer programs; the presentations are displayed on computer screens (where interactive editing can occur) and are output on paper from digital plotting devices. 数据绘图（描述，表达）是通过使用绘图和其他示范的计算机程序；这种表达显示在电脑屏幕（可以进行交互式编辑）和通过数字绘图设备输出到纸上。

Once the positions and attributes of geographic entities have been digitized and stored in computer memory, they are available for use by a wide variety of users. Through the use of modem information technology (IT), geomatics brings together professionals in the following disciplines: surveying, mapping, remote sensing, land registration, civil and marine engineering, forestry, agriculture, planning and development, geology, geographical sciences, infrastructure management, navigation, environmental and natural resources monitoring, and computer science.Other Definitions of Geomatics.一旦地理实体的位置和属性已被数字化并存储在计算机的内存中，它们即可以被各种各样的用户使用。

测绘专业英语作文

测绘专业英语作文（中英文实用版）{z}Title: Surveying and Mapping Profession - An Overview in English Surveying and Mapping is a specialized field that plays a crucial role in various industries such as construction, engineering, urban planning, and geospatial technology.It involves the process of collecting data and making detailed measurements of the Earth"s surface to create accurate representations of the physical features.This essay aims to provide an overview of the surveying and mapping profession, highlighting its importance and key aspects of the field.Firstly, the surveying and mapping profession is vital in the construction industry.It provides the necessary data and information required for planning, designing, and executing construction projects.surveyors and mappers determine the boundaries of properties, identify suitable locations for structures, and create detailed plans that serve as the foundation for construction activities.Secondly, the engineering field heavily relies on surveying and mapping.Engineers use surveying data to design and construct infrastructure projects such as roads, bridges, canals, and dams.accurate measurements and mapping ensure the safety, functionality, and efficiency of these projects, making surveying and mapping an integral part of the engineering process.Furthermore, the urban planning sector benefits significantly from the surveying and mapping profession.surveyors and mappers provide essential data for creating urban development plans, zoning regulations, and land-use policies.their work helps in managing and preserving natural resources, minimizing environmental impact, and enhancing the overall quality of life in urban areas.In addition, the geospatial technology industry leverages the surveying and mapping profession to gather and analyze spatial data.This data is used in various applications such as GPS navigation, remote sensing, and geographic information systems (GIS).The advancements in technology have revolutionized the surveying and mapping field, enabling the use of drones, satellite imagery, and digital mapping tools for more accurate and efficient data collection.Moreover, the surveying and mapping profession encompasses various specialized areas such as topographic mapping, hydrographic surveying, and geodetic surveying.Topographic mapping involves creating detailed maps that depict the natural and man-made features of a specific area.Hydrographic surveying focuses on mapping bodies of water, including oceans, lakes, and rivers.Geodetic surveying deals with the measurement and mapping of large-scale geographic areas, ensuring the accuracy of coordinates and measurements across different regions.In conclusion, the surveying and mapping profession is of paramountimportance in various industries.It provides the necessary data and information for construction, engineering, urban planning, and geospatial technology projects.The advancements in technology have revolutionized the field, enabling more accurate and efficient data collection and analysis.As the world continues to evolve, the surveying and mapping profession will play a crucial role in shaping our built environment and utilizing geospatial data for sustainable development.。

《测绘专业英语》翻译

Uuit1 What is Geomatics? （什么是测绘学）Geomatics Defined（测绘学定义）Where does the word Geomatics come from?（Geomatics－测绘或地球空间信息学，这个名词是怎么来的呢？）GEODESY+GEOINFORMATICS=GEOMATICS or GEO- for earth and –MATICS for mathematical or GEO- forGeoscience and -MATICS for informatics. （大地测量学＋地理信息学＝GEOMATICS 测绘学或者geo 代表地球，matics 代表数学，或者geo 代表地球科学，matics 代表信息学）It has been said that geomatics is many things to many people.（据说测绘学这个词对不同的人有不同的理解）The term geomatics emerged first in Canada and as an academic discipline; it has been introducedworldwide in a number of institutes of higher education during the past few years, mostly by renamingwhat was previously called “geodesy” or “surveying”, and by adding a number of computer scienceand/or GIS-oriented courses.（这个术语【term 术语】作为一个学科【academic discipline 学科】第一次形成【emerge】于加拿大；在过去的几年里被全世界的许多高等教育研究机构所熟知，通常是以前的“大地测量学”或“测量学”在引入了许多计算机科学和GIS 方向【或“基于GIS”】的课程后重新命名的。

测绘专业英语

Geomatics is a relatively new scientific term created by Pollock and Wright in 1969, with the intention of combining the terms geodesy and geoinformatics.It includes the tools and techniques used in Surveying and Mapping, Remote Sensing (RS), Cartography, Geographic Information Systems (GIS), Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS, i.e.,GPS, Glonass, Galileo, Compass),Photogrammetry, Geography, Geosciences, Computer Sciences, Information Science and various spatial observation technologies, land development and environmental sciences, etc.测绘学是一种相对较新的科学术语由波洛克和赖特在1969年提出，目的是将大地测量学与地理信息学结合起来。

它包括的工具和技术应用于测绘、遥感(RS)、地图学、地理信息系统(GIS)、全球导航卫星系统(GNSS,即。

、GPS、Glonass、伽利略、北斗),摄影测量、地理学、地球科学、电脑科学、信息科学和各种空间观测技术、土地开发、环境科学等。

Surveying may be defined as the tech nology and science of the study of earth’s shape and size, as well as making measurements of the relative positions of natural and man-made features on, above or below the earth’s surface, and representing these information in analog forms as contoured maps or sections, paper plan or chart, or as figures in report tables, or in digital form as a three dimensional mathematical model stored in the computer.测量的技术和科学可以定义为研究地球的形状和大小,以及测量位于地球外表上或者低于或者高于地球外表的自然的或人造的物体的相对位置,并将这些信息以模拟形式的波状外形的地图、剖面图、论文计划、图表、数据报告表中呈现或以数字形式存储在电脑三维数学模型中。

测绘工程专业英语Unit 1

Unit 1What Is Geomatics?Geomatics DefinedWhere does the word Geomatics come from? GEODESY + GEOINFORMATICS =GEOMATICS or GEO-for earth and -MATICS for mathematical or GEO-for Geoscience and -MATICS for informatics.It has been said that geomatics is many things to many people. The term geomatics emerged first in Canada and as an academic discipline; it has been introduced worldwide in a number of institutes of higher education during the past few years, mostly by renaming what was previously called " geodesy"or"surveying", and by adding a number of computer science--and/ or GIS-oriented courses. Now the term includes the traditional surveying definition along with surveying steadily increased importance with the development of new technologies and the growing demand for a variety of spatially related types of information, particularly in measuring and monitoring our environment. Increasingly critical are areas of expanding populations, appreciating land values, dwindling natural resources, and the continuing stressing of the quality of our land, water and air from human activities. As such, geomatics bridges wide arcs from the geosciences through various engineering sciences and computer sciences to spatial planning, land development and the environmental sciences. Now the word geomatics has been adopted by several international bodies including the International Standards Organization (ISO), so it is here to stay.The term "surveyor" is traditionally used to collectively describe those engaged in the above activities. More explicit job descriptions such as Land Surveyor, Engineering Surveyor or Hydrographic Surveyor for example, are commonly used by practitioners to more clearly describe and market their specialized expertise.The term geomatics is a recent creation to convey the true collective and scientific nature of these related activities and has the flexibility to allow for the incorporation of future technological developments in these fields. Adoption of the term also allows a coherent marketing of the profession to industry and schools on a worldwide basis."As a result,both course and award titles in the traditional Land Surveying sector at many of the world's leading universities are being changed to. "Degree in Geomatics". This does not suggest the demise of the term " surveyor" and graduates will still practice as land surveyors or photogrammetrists,etc. as appropriate to their specialization.In the last decade, there has been dramatic development and growth in the use of hardware and software solutions to both measure and process geo-spatial data. This has created and will continue to create new areas of application, with associated job opportunities for suitably qualified graduates. As a result, the role of the " surveyor" is expanding beyond traditional areas of practice, as described above, into new areas of opportunity. In addition, recent advances in the technology of data collection and processing have blurred the boundaries of practice and activity between what were previously regarded as related but separate areas. Such developments are forecast to continue and will create new career paths for graduates whose education and training is broadly based and of a high academic standard.To enable graduates to take full advantage of these developments, significant changes in education and training are required. Academic and professional oinstitutions are also responding, in part, by adopting the term geomatics both as a course and as an award title. A working definition of geomatics, which reflects current thinking and predicted change, is:The science and technology of acquiring, storing, processing, managing ,canalyzing and presenting geographically referenced information (geo-spatial data).This broad term applies both to science and technology, and integrates the following more specific disciplines and technologies including surveyingand oimapping, geodesy,m satellite o positioning,photogrammetry, remote sensing, geographic information systems (GIS) , land management, computer systems, environmental visualization and computer graphics.Several terms such as "geomatics,""geomatic engineering," and"geoinformatics" are now in common use pertaining to activities generally concerned with geographic information. These terms have been adopted primarily to represent the general approach that geographic information is collected, managed,and applied. Along with land surveying,photogammetry,remote sensing,and cartography,GIS is an important component of geomatics.Branches of GeomaticsData acquisition techniques include field surveying, global positioning system (GPS)satellite positioning, and remotely sensed imagery obtained through aerial photography and satellite imagery. It also includes the acquisition of database material scanned from older maps and plans and data collected by related agencies.Data management and process are handled through the use of computer programs for engineering design, digital photogrammetry,image analysis, relational data base management, and geographic information systems (GIS). Data plotting ( presentation)is handled through the use of mapping and other illustrative computer programs; the presentations are displayed on computer screens ( where interactive editing can occur) and are output on paper from digital plotting devices.Once the positions and attributes of geographic entities have been digitized and stored in computer memory,they are available for use by a wide variety of users. Through the use of modem information technology (IT), geomatics brings together professionals in the following disciplines: surveying, mapping, remote sensing, land registration, civil and marine engineering, forestry,agriculture, planning and development, geology,geographical sciences,infrastructure management, navigation, environmental and natural resources monitoring, and computer science.Other Definitions of GeomaticsAs defined by the Canadian Institute of Geomatics in their quarterly journal Geomatica:Geomatics is a field of activities which, using a systemic approach, integrates all the means used to acquire and manage spatial data required as part of scientific,administrative, legal and technical operations involved in the process of the production and management of spatial information.The definition of Geomatics is evolving. A working definition might be "the art, science and technologies related to the management of geographically-referenced information.Geomatics includes a wide range of activities, from the acquisition and analysis of site specific spatial data in engineering and development surveys to the application of GIS and remote sensing technologies in environmental management. It includes cadastral surveying, hydrographic surveying, and ocean mapping, and it plays an important role in land administration and land use management.Geomatics is the modern scientific term referring to the integrated approach of measurement, analysis, management, storage and display of the descriptions and location of Earth-based data, often termed spatial data. These data come from many sources, including earth orbiting satellites, air and sea-borne sensors and ground based instruments. It is processed and manipulated with state-of-the-art information technology using computer software and hardware. It has applications in all disciplines which depend on spatial data, including environmental studies,planning, engineering,navigation,geology (and geophysics, oceanography, land development and land ownership and tourism. It is thus fundamental to all the geoscience disciplines which use spatially related data.[ from the School of Geomatic Engineering, Univ. of New South Wales]Geomatics is concerned with the measurement, representation, analysis,management,retrieval and display of spatial data concerning both the Earths physical features and the built environment. The principal disciplines embraced by Geomatics include the mapping sciences, land management, geographic information systems,i1environmental visualisation, geodesy, photogrammetry, remote sensing and surveying.[ from the Dept. of Geomatics at Univ. of Melbourne]Geomatics comprises the science, engineering, and art involved in collecting andmanaging geographically-referenced information. Geographical information plays animportant role in activities such as environmental monitoring, management of land andmarine resources, and real estate transactions.[ from the Dept. of Geodesy and Geomatics Engineering at UNB]The science of Geomatics is concerned with the measurement, representation , analysis management, retrieval and display of spatial information describing both the Earth'g physical features and the built environment. Geomatics includes disciplines such as:Surveying, Geodesy,Remote Sensing & Photogrammetry, Cartography, Geographic Information Systems, Global Positioning Systems.[ from the Dept. of Surveying and Spatial Information Science at the Univ. of Tasmania]□ Notes:①测绘学（Geomatics）这个术语最初作为一门学科专业出现于加拿大，在过去几年里已被世界各地众多的高等教育机构所采纳，大多数是由以前的“大地测量学”或“测量学”并引入许多计算机科学和地理信息系统方向的课程后重新命名的。

测绘专业的英文作文

测绘专业的英文作文英文：As a surveying and mapping major, I think this profession is both challenging and rewarding. The main task of surveying and mapping is to measure and map the land, which requires a high level of accuracy and precision. The use of advanced technology such as GPS and GIS has greatly improved the efficiency and accuracy of surveying and mapping.However, surveying and mapping is not just about measuring and mapping the land. It also involves a lot of problem-solving and decision-making. For example, when designing a new road or building, surveyors need to take into account various factors such as topography, soil conditions, and environmental impact. They also need to consider the needs of the community and ensure that their designs are safe and practical.Another aspect of surveying and mapping that I find interesting is the ability to work outdoors. Surveyors often work in remote locations and encounter various challenges such as extreme weather conditions and difficult terrain. However, this also allows them to experience the beauty of nature and explore new places.Overall, I believe that surveying and mapping is a profession that requires both technical skills and creativity. It is a challenging but rewarding career that offers opportunities for personal and professional growth.中文：作为一名测绘专业的学生，我认为这个专业既具有挑战性又具有回报性。

测绘工程专业英语第一单元

• 通过计算机程序，数据管理和处理应用于工程设计，数字摄影测量，图像分析，相关资料库的管理和 GIS。
U n it 1 W h a t is G e o m a tic s ?
E nglish for G e om a tics E ngine
Branches of Geomatics
• Data plotting (presentation) is handled through the use of mapping and other illustrative computer programs; the presentations are displayed on computer screens (where interactive editing can occur) and are output on paper from digital plotting devices. • 数据成图是通过制图和其他直观的计算机程序进行的；其表达显示在计算机屏幕上（交互式编辑处理），也可以通过数字绘图仪输出到纸上。
• 更具体的工作如土地测量员、工程测量员和水道测量员，一般被业内人士用来更准确的描述他们的专门技术。
U n it 1 W h a t is G e o m a tic s ?
E nglish for G e om a tics E ngine
Geomatics Defined
• As a result, both course and award titles in the traditional Land Surveying sector at many of the world’ s leading universities are being changed to “Degree in Geomatics”.

测绘专业的英文作文

测绘专业的英文作文英文，As a surveying and mapping major, I have always been fascinated by the art of measuring and representingthe physical world. The field of surveying and mapping is not only about creating maps and charts, but it is also about understanding the Earth's surface and the objectsthat lie on it.In my opinion, the most important skill for a surveying and mapping professional is attention to detail. Precisionis key in this field, and even the slightest error can lead to significant consequences. For example, a small mistakein measuring the height of a building can result inincorrect calculations for its stability and safety.Another critical skill is problem-solving. Surveyingand mapping professionals encounter a variety of challenges, such as difficult terrain, complex structures, and changing weather conditions. Being able to find creative solutionsto these problems is essential for success in this field.In addition to technical skills, communication skills are also crucial. Surveying and mapping professionals often work in teams and collaborate with clients, engineers, and architects. Being able to effectively communicate technical information to non-experts is essential for ensuring that everyone is on the same page.Overall, surveying and mapping is a challenging and rewarding field that requires a combination of technicaland soft skills. As a surveying and mapping professional, I am excited to continue learning and growing in this dynamic field.中文，作为一名测绘专业的学生，我一直被测量和描述物理世界的技艺所吸引。

你看待测绘工程这个专业英语作文

你看待测绘工程这个专业英语作文英文回答：Geomatics engineering is a multidisciplinary field that encompasses the measurement, analysis, and representation of the Earth's surface and its features. It combines principles from surveying, geodesy, photogrammetry, remote sensing, and geographic information systems (GIS) to provide a comprehensive understanding of the Earth'sspatial relationships.Geomatics engineers use a variety of tools and techniques to collect and analyze data about the Earth's surface. These tools include surveying instruments, GPS receivers, laser scanners, photogrammetric cameras, and remote sensing satellites. The data collected is used to create maps, charts, and other spatial data products that can be used for a wide range of applications, such as land use planning, environmental management, and naturaldisaster response.Geomatics engineering is a rapidly growing field with a bright future. As the world becomes increasingly interconnected and globalized, the demand for geospatial data and services is expected to continue to grow. Geomatics engineers will play a vital role in meeting this demand by providing the data and tools necessary for decision-making in a variety of fields.中文回答：测绘工程是一门多学科交叉的专业，涉及地球表面及其特征的测量、分析和表示。

测绘工程专业介绍英语作文

测绘工程专业介绍英语作文Title: Introduction to Surveying and Mapping Engineering。

Surveying and Mapping Engineering is a multifaceted discipline that plays a pivotal role in various fields such as construction, urban planning, environmental management, and resource exploration. This profession involves the collection, analysis, and presentation of spatial data to facilitate informed decision-making and effective project implementation. In this essay, we will delve into the fundamental aspects of Surveying and Mapping Engineering, exploring its significance, core principles, methodologies, and potential career pathways.To begin with, Surveying and Mapping Engineering encompasses a diverse range of activities aimed at acquiring, managing, and utilizing spatial information. Its primary objective is to accurately represent the Earth's surface and its features in two-dimensional or three-dimensional formats. Through the use of advanced technologies such as Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS), Geographic Information Systems (GIS), Remote Sensing, and LiDAR (Light Detection and Ranging), surveyors and mappers can capture detailed spatial data with unprecedented precision and efficiency.One of the fundamental principles of Surveying and Mapping Engineering is geodesy, which deals with the measurement and representation of the Earth's shape, gravitational field, and rotation. Geodetic surveys provide essential reference frameworks for mapping and spatial analysis, enabling accurate positioning and navigation across various geographical scales.In addition to geodesy, Surveying and Mapping Engineering encompasses several specialized subfields, including:1. Land Surveying: Land surveyors are responsible for determining the boundaries, contours, and features of land parcels. They play a crucial role in land developmentprojects, property transactions, and cadastral mapping.2. Topographic Surveying: Topographic surveyors focuson mapping the natural and man-made features of aparticular area, including terrain, vegetation, water bodies, and infrastructure. These surveys are essential for infrastructure planning, environmental monitoring, and disaster management.3. Hydrographic Surveying: Hydrographic surveyors specialize in mapping underwater terrain, including the depth, shape, and composition of seabeds, lakes, and rivers. Their work is critical for maritime navigation, offshore resource exploration, and coastal zone management.4. Engineering Surveying: Engineering surveyors provide support to civil engineers and construction professionalsby conducting precise measurements, monitoring deformation, and ensuring the accuracy of construction projects. Their expertise is indispensable in infrastructure development, urban planning, and structural analysis.Surveying and Mapping Engineering offers a wide range of career opportunities in both the public and private sectors. Graduates can pursue careers as land surveyors, GIS specialists, remote sensing analysts, cartographers, geospatial engineers, or academic researchers. Moreover, with the increasing integration of digital technologies and data-driven decision-making processes, the demand for skilled surveying and mapping professionals is expected to grow significantly in the coming years.In conclusion, Surveying and Mapping Engineering is a dynamic and interdisciplinary field that plays a vital role in modern society. By providing accurate spatial information and analytical tools, surveyors and mappers contribute to sustainable development, environmental conservation, and efficient resource management. As technology continues to advance, the importance of surveying and mapping will only continue to increase, making it an exciting and rewarding career choice for those interested in geography, technology, and problem-solving.。

介绍测绘工程的英语作文

介绍测绘工程的英语作文Surveying Engineering: The Art of Mapping Our WorldSurveying engineering is a specialized field that involves the measurement and mapping of the Earth's surface. It plays a crucial role in a wide range of applications, from construction and urban planning to environmental science and legal disputes over land boundaries. This essay will delve into the fundamentals of surveying engineering, its importance, and its impact on modern society.Firstly, surveying engineering requires a deep understanding of geometry and trigonometry, as well as the ability to use sophisticated instruments such as theodolites, total stations, and GPS devices. Surveyors must be highly skilled in data collection and analysis, ensuring that the measurements taken are accurate to the highest degree possible. This precision is essential for creating reliable maps and plans that serve as the foundation forinfrastructure projects.The importance of surveying engineering cannot be overstated. It is the backbone of many construction projects, ensuring that buildings, roads, and bridges are built in the correct location and with the correct dimensions. Surveyors also play a key role in land management, helping to establish property boundaries and resolve disputes over land ownership.In addition to its practical applications, surveying engineering contributes to scientific research and environmental conservation. By mapping the Earth's surface, surveyors can monitor changes in the landscape over time, providing valuable data for scientists studying everything from climate change to geological phenomena.The advent of technology has revolutionized the field of surveying engineering. Modern surveyors now have access to advanced software that can process and analyze data more efficiently than ever before. Drones and satellite imageryare also being used to collect survey data, offering new perspectives and increasing the accuracy of measurements.In conclusion, surveying engineering is a vitalprofession that underpins many aspects of our society. It requires a unique blend of technical expertise, attention to detail, and an understanding of the broader implications of one's work. As our world continues to evolve, the role of surveyors will remain indispensable, shaping the way we build, manage, and understand our environment.。

测绘工程专业英语词汇

Words and expressionsUnit 1geoscience地球科学informatics信息学,情报学monitor监控,监测,监视,控制,追踪,监控器appreciate增值,涨价,赏识,鉴赏,感激dwindle缩小Iso International standardization organization国际标准化组织explicit清楚的,外在的,直率的,(租金等)直接付款的hydrographic与水道测量有关的,与水文地理有关的hydrographic survey海道测量,水道测量practitioner从业者,开业者expertise专门技术,专家的意见flexibility适应性,机动性,挠性Incorporation结合,合并;形成法人组织,组成公司(或社团) coherent一致的,连贯的demise死亡,让位,禅让ut让渡,遗赠,转让blur把(界线,视线等)弄得模糊不清,涂污,污损(名誉等),弄污visualization可视化,清楚地呈现pertaining有关系的,附属…的,为…固有的(to)Imagery肖像(总称),雕刻影像plotting标图,测绘illustrative 说明性的,例证性的entity实体digitize [计]将资料数字化registration注册,报到,登记forestry林产,森林地,林学geology地质学,地质概况geographical地理学的,地理的infrastructure基础下部组织,下部构造navigation导航,航海,航空,领航,航行quarterly一年四次的,每季的evolve (使)发展,(使)进展,(使)进化cadastre地籍簿,地籍,地籍图cadastral surveying地籍测量sensor传感器manipulate(熟练地)操作,使用(机器等),操纵(人或市价、市场),利用state - of - the - art 先进的,一流的geophysics地球物理学oceanography 海洋学retrieval检索,恢复,修补,重获embrace拥抱,互相|拥抱,包含,收买,信奉ti拥抱n.拥抱geomatics测绘学geodesy大地测量学surveying and mapping测绘photogrammetry摄影测量学remote sensing(RS)遥感global positioning system(GPS)全球定位系统atellite positioning卫星定位geographic information systems(GIS)地理信息系统land management土地管理computer graphics计算机图形学Unit 2artiticial人造的,假的,非原产地的analog类似物,相似体chart图表,海图dimensional空间的monument纪念碑permanent monument永久标石monumentation埋石fieldwork野外工作,实地调查,野外作业category种类,类别,[逻]范畴permanent永久的,持久的theodolite[测]经纬仪prerequisite先决条件spheroid球状体,回转椭圆体allowance容许误差,容差,容许量diameter直径equator赤道,赤道线atitude纬度,范围;(用复数)地区longitude经度,经线经度meridian子午线,正午,顶点,全盛时期ad.子午线的,正午的prime meridian本初子午线,木初子午圈线northing北距(向北航行的距离),北进,北航easting东西距,朝东方;东行航程gravity重力,地心引力gravity field重力场curvature曲率,弯曲plumb铅锤,铅弹ad.垂直的t使垂直,探测plumb line铅垂线trigonometry 三角法plane trigonometry平面三角algebra代数学analytical解枥的,分析的analytical geometry解析几chord弦,弦长triangle三角形,三人一组,三角关系spherical球形的,球的sophisticate弄复杂,篡改;使变得世故入sophistication复杂;强词夺理,诡辩geoid [地]大地水准面trench沟渠,堑壕,管沟,电缆沟,战壕Atlantic ocean大西洋Pacific ocean太平洋tangent相切的,切线的n.切线,[数]正切backsight后视foresight前视;远见,深谋远虑refraction折光,折射geodetic surveying大地测量,大地测量学plane surveying平面测量,平面测量学control survey控制测量horizontal survey水平测量,平面测量vertical survey高程测量,垂直测量地形测量topographic surveydetail survey碎部测量land survey( property survey, boundary survey, cadastral survey)地测量,地籍测量route survey路线测量pipe survey管道测量city survey城市测量hydrographic survey水道测量marine survey海洋测量mine survey矿山测量geological survey地质测量Unit 3fundamental基本原则,基本原理Euclidean space欧几里得空间odometer(汽车等的)里程表,自动计在仪(美vehicle交通工具,车辆,媒介物,传达手段revolution旋转,革命circumference 圆周,周围invar铟瓦;不胀钢nickel镍,镍币,(美国和加拿大的)五分镍币alloy合金coefficient系数thermal热的,热量的tacheometry 测视距测量stadia视距,视距仪器ntercept截取,中途阻止telescope望远镜multiply乘,增加,繁殖nominal 名义上的,有名无实的,名字的,[语]名词性的manufacturer制造业者,厂商/consequence结果[逻]推理,推论,因果关系,重要的地位topographic地势的,地形学上的resultant作为结果而发生的,合成的terrain地形electromagnetic电磁的visibility 可见度,能见度,可见性,显著,明显度infrared红外线的n.红外线airborne 空气传播的,空降的,空运的particle粒子,点,极小量,微粒,质点,小品词,语气modulated已凋整[制]的,被调的distance measurement 距离测量precise ranging精密测距pacing步测,定步distance measuring instrument, rangefinder测距仪EDM( electronic distance measurement)电子测距仪geodimeter光速测距仪,光电测electromagnetic distance measuring instrument电磁波测距仪electro- optical distance measuring instrument光电测距仪long - range EDM instrument远程电子测距infrared EDM instrument红外测距仪laser distance measuring instrument, laser ranger激光测距仪microwave distance measuring instrument微波测距仪satellite laser ranger卫星激光测距仪two- color laser ranger双色激光测距仪distance- measuring error测距误差fixed error固定误差proportional error比例误差sighting distance视距multiplication constant乘常数ddition constant加常数stadia multiplication constant视距乘常数stadia addition constant视距加常数standard field of length长度标准检定场/nominal accuracy标称精度stadia hair视距丝,视距线stadia interval视距间隔Unit 3perpendicular 垂直的,正交的Intersect横断(直线)相交,交又projection投影,投射,投影图,地图投影,规划zenith天顶,顶点,顶峰,最高点celestial天上的celestial sphere天球radius半径,范围,辐射光线,有效航程,范围,界线clinometer测角器,倾斜仪sextant六分仪compass罗盘,指南针,圆规protractor量角器clockwise顺时针方向的counterclockwise反时针方向的sexagesimal六十的,六十进位的sexagesimal systen六十分制commence开始,着手bisect切成两份,对(截)开clamp夹子,夹具,夹钳encoder编码器,译码器spindle轴,杆,心轴;锭子,纺锤crystal结晶状的n.水晶,水晶饰品,结晶,晶体liquid crystal displays(LCDs)液晶显示diode二极管lght- emitting diode displays(LEDs)发光二极管显示pendulum钟摆,摇锤compensator补偿器provision供应,(一批)供应品,预备,防备,规定indexing标定指数initialize初始化azimuth方位,方位角bearing方向,方位quadrant象限四分仪horizontal angle水平角vertical angle垂直角depression angle俯角,俯视角zenith distance天顶距elevation angle高度角horizontal circle水平刻度盘vertical circle垂直度盘true north真北geodetic azimuth大地方位角grid bearing坐标方位角gyro azimuth陀螺方位角magnetic azimuth磁方位角method by series, method of direction observation方向观测法method in all combinations全组合测角法Unit 20Us. Department of defense(DOD)美国国防部castellation[天]星座,星群nsure确保,给…保险drag拖拉v拖,拖曳atmospheric drag大气阻力sun- seeking太阳定向panel面板,仪表板,全体陪审员solar panel太阳能电池板nicad镍镉蓄电池nicad battery镍镉蓄电池Colorado美国科罗拉多州(位于美国西部)Hawaii夏威夷,夏威夷岛Ascension阿森松(南大西洋岛屿)Kwajalein夸贾林环礁(位于太平洋西部)reconnaissance勘测,侦察,搜索missile导弹,发射物missile guidance导弹制导pseudorange伪距synchronize同步synchronized同步的GPS( global positioning system)全球定位系统space segment空间部分control segment控制部分user segment用户部分GPS receiver GPS接收机gps constellation gps星座master control station主控站monitor station监控站atomic clock原子钟clock error钟差broadcast ephemeris广播星历precise ephemeris精密星历Coarse acquisition codeprecise code精码pseudorange伪距ionospheric delay电离层延迟tropospheric delay对流层延迟multipath effect多路径效应Selective availability(SA)选择可用性reference receiver基准接收机roving receiver流动接收机receiver antenna接收机天线real- time kinematic(RTK)实时动态定位differential GPS(DGPS)差分GPSdifferential correction差分改正real- time differential correction实时差分改正post - processed differential correction后处理差分改正Unit 23acronym 只取首字母的缩写词distinguish 区别,辨别attribute属性,品质,特征.加于,归结于peel剥,削,剥落supercomputer[计]超型计算机hook钩住,沉迷,上瘾digitizer 数字转换器cartographe地图制作者,制图师,制图员administrator管理员,管理程序implementation执行coordinator协调者,同等的人或物raster[物]光栅vector向量,矢量,带菌者aircraft航行器census人口普查demographic人口统计学的yearbook年鉴ecosystem生态系统overlay覆盖,覆盖图buffering缓冲(作用),减震,隔离Unit 28exemplify例证,例示illumination照明,阐明,启发geothermal地热的,地温的,地热(或地温)产生的photon光子cosmic宇宙的cosmic ra宇宙射线gamma 射线thereon在其上,在那上面,…之后立即moisture湿度,湿气,潮湿irradiance发光,光辉penetrate穿透,渗透,弥漫electron电子molecular[化]分子的,由分子组成的emittance发射度,[热]辐射本领incidence人射,落下的方式,影响范围spacecraft太空船backscatter漫反射,反向散射体,反散射synthetic合成的,人造的,综合的aperture孔,穴,缝隙,(照相机,望远镜等的)光圈,孔径synthetic aperture radar(SAR)合成孔径雷达multispectral多谱线的,多谱段的spectroradiometer[物]分光辐射计side - looking 侧视的remote sensor遥测传感器,遥感器electromagnetic spectrum电磁波频谱,电磁波谱,电磁光谱transmittance传播absorptance吸收reflectance反射electromagnetic radiation电磁辐射thermal infrared detector热红外探测器passive remote sensing被动式遥感active remote sensing主动式遥感side- looking airborne radar(SLAR)机载侧视雷达;侧视雷达active microwave sensors主动微波遥感传感器passive microwave sensing被动微波遥感spectroradiometer分光辐射计radiometer辐射计scatterometer散射计scatterometry 散射测量。

测绘专业英语原文+译文(1—8)章

Uuit1 What is Geomatics? （什么是测绘学）Geomatics Defined（测绘学定义）Where does the word Geomatics come from?（Geomatics－测绘或地球空间信息学，这个名词是怎么来的呢？）GEODESY+GEOINFORMATICS=GEOMA TICS or GEO- for earth and –MA TICS for mathematical or GEO- for Geoscience and -MA TICS for informatics. （大地测量学＋地理信息学＝GEOMATICS 测绘学或者geo 代表地球，matics 代表数学，或者geo 代表地球科学，matics 代表信息学）It has been said that geomatics is many things to many people.（据说测绘学这个词对不同的人有不同的理解）The term geomatics emerged first in Canada and as an academic discipline; it has been introduced worldwide in a number of institutes of higher education during the past few years, mostly by renaming what was previously called ―geodesy‖ or ―surveying‖, and by adding a number of computer scienceand/or GIS-oriented courses.（这个术语【term 术语】作为一个学科【academic discipline 学科】第一次形成【emerge】于加拿大；在过去的几年里被全世界的许多高等教育研究机构所熟知，通常是以前的―大地测量学‖ 或―测量学‖在引入了许多计算机科学和GIS 方向【或―基于GIS‖ 】的课程后重新命名的。

学生专业英文介绍测绘专业介绍

ruments
Level (水准仪)
height measurement
The most precise method of determining elevations and most commonly used method is direct leveling or spirit leveling(几何水准测量) which means measuring the vertical distance directly.
share a doggerel（打油诗） about :
测绘人
远看测区像天堂，近看测区像银行，走进测区像牢房，不如回家放牛羊，人人都说测量好，傻帽才往测区跑，测区挣钱测区花，根本没钱寄回家，漂亮老婆娶不上，娶了老婆用不上，生了孩子管不上，买了房子住不上，青春撒在荒山上，CAD画没了我的青春，全站仪测走了我的梦想，水准仪压碎了我的希望， GPS也不能缝合我的悲伤，控制一声声敲击我的心脏，等高线一圈圈束缚我的肩膀，RTK曾经让我感觉英姿飒爽，能不背上它如今变成我的渴望。
A total station integrates the functions of an electronic theodolite（电子经纬仪） for measuring angles,an DEM for measuring distances,digital data and a data recorder.
无人机
轻型低空遥感（无人机）低空无人机获取数据（汶川）
CCD camera（CCD相机） POS system(动态定位定姿) sensor（传感器）
…………
Geomatics（测绘学）
GPS （ Global Positioning System ）全球定位系统

测绘专业英语

它包括的工具和技术应用于测绘、遥感(RS)、地图学、地理信息系统(GIS)、全球导航卫星系统(GNSS,即。

、GPS、Glonass、伽利略、北斗),摄影测量、地理学、地球科学、计算机科学、信息科学和各种空间观测技术、土地开发、环境科学等。

Surveying may be defined as the tec hnology and science of the study of earth’s shape and size, as well as making measurements of the relative positions of natural and man-made features on, above or below the earth’s surface, and representing these information in analog forms as contoured maps or sections, paper plan or chart, or as figures in report tables, or in digital form as a three dimensional mathematical model stored in the computer.测量的技术和科学可以定义为研究地球的形状和大小,以及测量位于地球表面上或者低于或者高于地球表面的自然的或人造的物体的相对位置,并将这些信息以模拟形式的波状外形的地图、剖面图、论文计划、图表、数据报告表中呈现或以数字形式存储在计算机三维数学模型中。

测绘专业英语单词 unit1

人组织，整合
• V.把…合并;使并入 If someone or something is incorporated into a large group, system, or area, they become a part of it.
• coherent[kəu‘hiərənt] a.1. 一致的,协调的2. (话语等)条理清楚的,连贯的 3. 有粘性的;粘合在一起的
• The literal meaning of 'Geodesy‘ is 'Dividing the Earth'. • “大地测量学”的字面意义是“划分地球”。 • GEOINFORMATICS 地理信息学 • GEO PREFIX 前缀（用于词首）表示“地球的”，“世界的”
• Geo- is used at the beginning of words that refer to the whole of the world or to the Earth's surface.
Bridges n. 桥；桥牌；鼻梁；起联系作用的东西 • vt. 在……建桥，架桥于……之上；通过桥横跨;弥合（分歧）；消除
（隔阂）
• It is unlikely that the two sides will be able to bridge their differences.
• 双方不太可能消除彼此之间的分歧。 be here to stay 已成定局，得到公认，深入人心，成为习俗，普遍接受 • Most of all, it is here to stay.最重要的是，它已是既成事实。
• There are four major disciplines in earth sciences, namely geography, geology, geophysics and geodesy. – 地球学又分为四大类，即地理学，地质学，地球物理学和测地学。

你看待测绘工程这个专业英语作文

你看待测绘工程这个专业英语作文My Dream Job: Becoming a Surveying and Mapping EngineerHi there! My name is Emily, and I'm a 10-year-old girl who loves exploring the great outdoors. Today, I want to share with you my dream job – becoming a surveying and mapping engineer!Have you ever wondered how we get those cool maps that show us where we are and help us find our way around? That's the job of surveying and mapping engineers! They're the ones who measure and map out the land, creating detailed maps and charts that help people navigate and understand the world around them.Imagine being able to spend your days outside, hiking through forests, climbing mountains, and exploring new and exciting places! That's what surveying and mapping engineers get to do. They use all sorts of high-tech equipment like GPS devices, drones, and laser scanners to gather data about the land and create accurate maps and models.One of the coolest things about being a surveying and mapping engineer is that you get to work on all kinds of differentprojects. Sometimes you might be mapping out a new hiking trail or a construction site for a new building. Other times, you could be helping to create maps for emergency services or environmental conservation projects.But it's not just about making maps – surveying and mapping engineers also play a really important role in keeping people safe. They help to identify potential hazards like landslides, sinkholes, or areas that are prone to flooding. Their work helps to make sure that buildings and infrastructure are built in safe and stable locations.I think one of the most exciting parts of being a surveying and mapping engineer would be the opportunity to travel to new and exciting places. Imagine going on an expedition to map out a remote jungle or a far-off mountain range! You'd get to see and experience things that most people never get to see.I know I'm still just a kid, but I can't wait to grow up and become a surveying and mapping engineer. I love the idea of being able to explore the world and use my skills to create something that helps people understand and appreciate the amazing planet we live on.Who knows, maybe one day you'll be using a map or a GPS app that was created thanks to the hard work of a surveying andmapping engineer like me! Until then, I'll keep dreaming big and working hard to make my dream a reality.So, what do you think? Doesn't being a surveying and mapping engineer sound like the coolest job ever? I sure think so! Maybe I'll even get to map out a brand new planet someday. A girl can dream, right?。

测绘专业的英文作文

测绘专业的英文作文下载温馨提示:该文档是我店铺精心编制而成，希望大家下载以后，能够帮助大家解决实际的问题。

文档下载后可定制随意修改，请根据实际需要进行相应的调整和使用，谢谢!并且，本店铺为大家提供各种各样类型的实用资料，如教育随笔、日记赏析、句子摘抄、古诗大全、经典美文、话题作文、工作总结、词语解析、文案摘录、其他资料等等，如想了解不同资料格式和写法，敬请关注!Download tips: This document is carefully compiled by theeditor. I hope that after you download them,they can help yousolve practical problems. The document can be customized andmodified after downloading,please adjust and use it according toactual needs, thank you!In addition, our shop provides you with various types ofpractical materials,such as educational essays, diaryappreciation,sentence excerpts,ancient poems,classic articles,topic composition,work summary,word parsing,copyexcerpts,other materials and so on,want to know different data formats andwriting methods,please pay attention!I really like the field of surveying and mapping. It's so interesting to measure and map the land.Surveying and mapping helps us understand the world around us better. We can use all kinds of tools and techniques.There are many different aspects in surveying and mapping. From mapping mountains to mapping cities.In surveying and mapping, accuracy is very important. One small mistake can cause big problems.The technology in surveying and mapping is always advancing. New equipment and methods make our work more efficient.。

测绘英语总结改进版

测绘英语单词部分UNIT1Geomatics [,dʒi:ə'mætiks] n. 测绘学；地理信息学,地球空间信息学Geodesy [dʒi:'ɔdisi] n.大地测量学,测地学•...geopolitics. 地缘政治学...the Geophysical Institute. 地球物理学会geoscience[…dʒi（:）əu‟saiəns]n.地球科学，地学informatics[,infə’mætiks] n. 信息学，情报学many things to many people:很多人很多事Term n. 术语;学科用语Discipline:n.训练；纪律；学科；符合行为准则的行为或举止Academic:adj.学院的，大学的，学会的，（学术，文艺）协会的；n. 学者；大学教师，大学生institute[ ’institju:t]n.协会；学会；学院；（教育、专业等）机构vt. 建立；制定；开始；着手GIS-oriented 面向GIS 的along with和…一起[一道]，随着；除…以外（还）a variety of adj.多种的Increasingly [in’kri:siŋli]adv.越来越多地；日益，格外；越来越Critical ['kritikəl]形容词a.1. 紧要的,关键性的,危急的,危险的2. 批评的Appreciate [ə…pri:ʃieit] vt.感激；欣赏；领会；鉴别，评价vi.（使）增值，涨价dwindle[…dwindl]vi.渐渐减少;变小stress v.重读；[机械学]使承受压力；给…加压力（或应力）As such 依其身份、资格或名义等，本身Bridges n.桥；桥牌；鼻梁；起联系作用的东西•vt.在……建桥，架桥于……之上；通过桥横跨;弥合（分歧）；消除（隔阂）be here to stay 已成定局，得到公认，深入人心，成为习俗，普遍接受collectively [kə…lektivli] ad.1. 全体地2. 共同地,总体的Explicit [iks'plisit] adj.明确的，清楚的；直言的；详述的；不隐瞒的practitioner[præk…tiʃənə] n.从业者，执业者；Market vt.在市场上出售某物；推销Expertise [,ekspə:…ti:z]名词n.1. 专门知识;专门技术2. 专家鉴定specialized[‘speʃəlaizd]adj.专门的；专业的；专用的flexibility[,fleksə…biliti] n.柔韧性，机动性，灵活性allow for[ə…lau fə(r)]考虑到；体谅；允许有；留出incorporation[in,kɔ:pə…reiʃən] n.团结；合并；编入；法人组织，整合V.把…合并;使并入coherent[kəu…hiərənt] a.1. 一致的,协调的2. (话语等)条理清楚的,连贯的3. 有粘性的;粘合在一起的As a result 结果，因此award titles 专业名sector部分;部门,领域demise[di…maiz] n.死亡；不动产的）转让；让位v. 遗赠；让位消失Photogrammetrist 摄影测量员Photogrammetry[’fəutəu’ɡræmitri] n.摄影测量(学)specialization [,speʃəlaɪ’zeɪʃən] n. 特别化；专门化；专业dramatic[drə…mætik] adj.戏剧的，戏剧性的；引人注目的；激动人心的associate[ə'səuʃieit] vt.（使）发生联系；使）联合；结交；联想vi. 联盟；陪伴同事n. 合伙人；伴侣，同志；adj. 联合的；合伙的；副的，准的Blur vt.& vi.涂污，弄脏；（使）变模糊，（使）难以区分Be regarded as被认为是，被当做是,被视为Forecast [‘fɔ:-kɑ:st] v. 预报，预测；预示n. 预报；预言in part 在某种程度上;部分地Working adj .(题目或定义)暂用的，暂定的, 正在使用的Acquire vt.获得，取得；学到Geographic [dʒiə‘græfik]adj.地理学的，地理的Referenced[’refrənst]adj.参考的，引用的integrate['intigreit]vt.使一体化；使整合；使完整；使结合成为整体vi. 成为一体；结合在一起；合并；[数学]作积分运算•adj. 整体的；完整的；完全的；综合的in common use 常用pertain[pə:…tein] vi.关于，有关；适合；附属，从属primarily[英] [’praimərili]u.[prai…mərili] adv.首先；首要地，主要地；根本上；本来approach[ə'prəutʃ] vt.& vi.接近，走近，靠近,着手处理n.方法；途径；接近cartography[kɑ:…tɔgrəfi] n.制图学，制图法Branch [英] [brɑ:ntʃ] [美] [bræntʃ]n. 树枝；分支；部门，分科；支流acquisition[,ækwi…ziʃən] n.获得；取得；获得物；[无线]探测imagery[…imidʒəri] n.〈集合词〉像，肖像，画像，雕像；aerial[…ɛəriəl] adj.空气的；航空的，空中的；空想的；n.天线photography[fə…tɔgrəfi] n. 照相术,摄影术[U]–Photograph ['fəutəgrɑ:f]Plan n.[C]1. 计划;方案;打算[(+for/of)][+to-v]2. 图纸;平面图3. 方法,办法agency['eidʒənsi] n.代理；机构；（政府的）局，处，署，专业行政部门digital[…didʒitəl]adj.数字的；数据的；手指的；指状的n. 手指；（钢琴等的）琴键；数字relational data base 关系数据库Plot n.地基，基址图；一块地；测算表•vt.以图表画出，制图；密谋；把……分成小块；•vi.标示于图表上；密谋presentation[,prezen'teiʃən] n.陈述；报告；介绍；赠送;外观；外貌；表象illustrative[…iləstreitiv] adj.用作说明的，解说性的,直观的adv. 用作说明地，解说性地interactive[,intə…æktiv] adj.互相作用的，相互影响的；[计]交互式的；互动的n. 交互式视频设备Attribute [ə'tribju:t] vt.认为……是；把……归于；把……品质归于某人；认为某事[物]属于某人[物]•[’ætribju:t] n.属性；（人或物的）特征；价值；[语法学]定语entity[…entiti] n.实体；实际存在物；本质digitize[…didʒitaiz] v. (将资料)数字化available[ə…veiləbl] a.1. 可用的,在手边的; [(+for/to)]2. 可得到的,可买到的3. 有空的professional[prə…feʃənəl] adj.专业的；专业性的n.专业人士registration[,redʒi'streiʃən] n.登记，注册；挂号;marine[mə…ri:n] adj.海的；海产的；海军的；海事的n. 水兵；海军陆战队士兵；海事，海运业geology[dʒi…ɔlədʒi] n.地质学；geographical[dʒiə'græfikəl] adj.地理学的，地理的infrastructure['infrə'strʌktʃə] n. (国家、社会、组织赖以行使职能的)基础设施；基础建设; facility [fə’siliti]n.设备;设施navigation[,nævi…geiʃən] n.航行（学）；航海（术）；海上交通monitor[…mɔnitə] n.显示屏，屏幕；班长;vt. 监控，监听；vi.监视Geomatica 地球空间信息学quarterly[…kwɔ:təli] adj.季度的，按季度的；四分之一adv. 按季的；n.季刊；季考systemic[sis…temik] adj.系统的；[生]全身的；体系的administrative[əd…ministrətiv] adj.管理的，行政的；operation n. 经营，管理，业务；evolve vt.使发展；使进化；vi. 发展；A wide range of 大范围的cadastral[kə…dæstrəl] a.地籍的hydrographic[’haidrəu’ɡræfik]adj.与水道测量有关的，与水文地理有关的Refer[ri'fə:] v.涉及；提及;orbit[…ɔ:bit] vt.& vi.在……轨道上运行，环绕轨道运行n.轨道；earth orbiting satellites 地球轨道卫星air-borne空降的，机载的sea-borne海运的，舰载的Borne [bɔ:n] adj. （用于复合词）由…携带的，由…运载的state-of-the-art a.(科技、机电等产品)最先进的,最高级的,现代化的state-of-the-art technology 尖端技术geophysics[,dʒi:əu…fiziks] n. (用作单或复)地球物理学oceanography[,əuʃiə…nɔgrəfi] n. 海洋学ownership['əunəʃip] n. 物主身份;所有权[U]land ownership土地所有权, 土地经营tourism[…tuərizəm] n.旅游，观光；旅游业Concern 关于;涉及representation[,reprizen…teiʃən] n.描写;描绘;表现；陈述；retrieval [ri'tri:vəl]n.收回，找回；检索;embrace[im…breis] vt.包括；包含；visualization[,vizjuəlai…zeiʃən] n. 可视化，形象化comprise[kəm…praiz] vt.包含，包括；由……组成；由……构成involve[in…vɔlv] vt.包含使参与,使面对;涉及,使卷入transaction[træn'zækʃən] 1. 办理,处置,执行[the S]2. 交易;业务;买卖[C]UNIT2Geodetic Surveying [‟dʒi:ə‟detik]大地测量（学）Plane Surveying平面测量（学）Feature n. 地形特征，特点；[地图] 要素，地物natural feature自然地物artificial feature 人工地物represent[,repri…zent] vt.1.描绘,(抽象地)表现2. 象征;表示3. 作为...的代表analog[…ænəlɔ:g] n. 类似物，同源语；<电脑>模拟adj. <电脑>模拟的in analog form 模拟形式(纸质图)contour[…kɔntuə] n. 外形，轮廓；（地图上表示相同海拔各点的）等高线；概要；电路vt. 画轮廓（等高线）adj. 显示轮廓的contoured map 地形图dimensional [di…menʃənəl] a.1. 尺寸的2. 【物】量纲的;【数】因次的,维的dimension[di…menʃən] n. 尺寸；[复]面积，范围；[物]量纲；[数]次元，度，维As such 同样地geodesist n. 大地测量工作者；测量技师aspect[…æspekt]方面;形态;特性;特征；朝向，方向Model n. 模型；模特儿；模式；典型V. 创立(系统或过程）的（理论描述)模型determination[di,tə:mi…neiʃən] n. 决心；决定，确定；[物]测定，计算Monumentation n.埋石;标石；标志monument[…mɔnjumənt] n. 纪念碑；遗址；界标，标石，埋石控制点；Permanent monument 永久标石Seen v. 看见（see的过去分词）；观看；领会；考虑be seen as 被视为basically adv. 主要地；从根本上说；基本，基本上；总的说来field work 外业office work 内业construction surveys[kən‟strʌkʃən ‟sɜrveɪ]n. 施工测量hydrographic surveys n.水道测量；水文测量;海道测量category […kætigəri] n.[C] 种类;部属;类别；take into account v. 重视，考虑；顾及Flat adj. 平的；n. 平地；（楼房的）一层；Additionally [ə‟dɪʃ(ə)nəli] adv. 此外Conduct [ kən‟dʌkt] v.进行;组织;实施elevation[,eli…veiʃən] n.高度，高程;海拔Height [hait] n. 高度,高程,海拔Combination [,kɔmbi'neiʃən] n. 结合(体);联合(体)combine kəm'bain]precise [pri…sais] adj. 清晰的；精确的；正规的；精密的establish[i…stæbliʃ] vt. 建立;设立;创办Station n.站，点；Relative […relətiv] adj. 相关的；相对的；相互有关的；比较而言的n. 亲属，亲戚；相关物；consistent[kən…sistənt] adj. 一致的；[数学、统计学]相容的；一贯的；连续的compatible[kəm…pætəbl] adj. 兼容的，相容的；协调的，可靠的consistent and compatible data一致和可靠的数据ground-based 以地面为基础的，地面theodolite [θi…ɔdəlait] n.【测】经纬仪ground-based theodolite 大地经纬仪Tape n. 带子；胶带，磁带；卷尺Steel tape 钢尺，钢卷尺；钢带Band tape 皮尺；Tapeman 司尺员；head tapeman 前司尺员rear tapeman 后司尺员extremely [iks'tri:mli] ad. 极端地;极其;非常a fraction of the cost 成本的一小部分，原价的几分之一thorough[…θʌrə] a.1. 彻底的;完全的,全面的2. 周密的;完善的3. 十足的,彻头彻尾的prerequisite[…pri:‟rekwizit] n. 先决条件，前提，必要条件adj. 必须先具备的，必要的；先决条件的execution[,eksi…k ju:ʃən] n.实行;执行;履行;完成spheroid[…sfiərɔid] n. 球状体，椭球体；球体straight[streit] adj. 直的；adv. 直地；直接地；n. 直线；直线部分Allowances [ə'lauəns] n.1. 津贴,零用钱[C]2. 分配额;允许值[C]，限差;minor[…mainə] adj. 较小的，少数的，n.副修科目；vi. <美>副修，选修，Major adj. 主要的；重要的；主修的（课程）n. 主修科目；vi. <美>主修，专攻；latitude[…lætitju:d] n. 纬度；范围；[天]黄纬；Equator[i…kweitə] n.赤道；longitude['lɔndʒitju:d] n. 经度;meridian[mə'ridiən] n. 子午圈；子午线；经线;顶点;prime meridian n. 本初子午线，本初子午圈,首子午线Astronomical meridian 天文子午线，天文子午圈Central meridian 中央子午线Geodetic meridian 大地子午线Magnetic meridian 磁子午线True meridian 真子午线Zero meridian首子午线northing[…nɔ:θiŋ] n. 北距;北航；北偏；Easting n. 东行航程，朝东方，东距rectangular[rek'tæŋgjulə] adj. <数> 矩形的；成直角的；直角坐标的；长方grid n. 格网；坐标网；（输电线路、天然气管道等的）系统网络rectangular grid 直角坐标网fundamental[,fʌndə…mentl] adj. 基础的，基本的，根本的，重要的，原始的，主要的，十分重大的；n.基本原理，基本原则，根本，基础；gravity[…græviti] n.重力；万有引力，地心引力；gravity field重力场coordinate[kəu…ɔ:dineit] vt. 使协调，使调和；[kəu…ɔ:dinit] n. <数>坐标；sufficiently[sə…fiʃəntli] ad.足够地,充分地gravimetric[,grævə…met rik] a. (测定)重力的,重力分析的curvature[…kə:vətʃə] n. 弯曲, (几何)曲率disregardvt. 不顾；不理会；漠视，忽视；蔑视，轻视[,disri'gɑ:d]Significant [sig…nifikənt] adj.数量相当大的;显著的;重要的；有意义的；designate['dezigneit] V.指明，指出;表明;标示;把…定名为;称呼With regard to adv. 关于；就；说起plumb[plʌm] vt. 使垂直；用测铅测；探索adj. 垂直的adv. 恰恰，正；垂直地vi. 做管道工n. 铅锤，测锤Limit n. 限制；限度；界限,范围;vt. 限制，限定trigonometry[,trigə…nɔmitri] n. 三角学plane trigonometry 平面三角(学)algebra[…ældʒəbrə] n. 代数学，代数analytical[,ænə…litikl] adj. 分析的，解析的geometry[dʒi…ɔmitri] n. 几何学；几何形状；几何图形；analytical geometry平面解析几何accuracy['ækjurəsi] n. 精确（性），准确（性),准度,精度precision[pri'siʒən] n.精度,精确度，准确（性）；lying[…laiiŋ] v.躺,位于（lie的现在分词）；subtend[səb'tend] vt.【数】(弦、边)对(弧、角)Subtended chord 对边,对弦further[…fə:ðə] adv. 进一步地；更远地；而且spherical[…sferikəl] adj. 球形的，球面的；天体的，天空的triangle[…traiæŋgl] n. 三角形；三角铁；三角板appreciate[ə…pri:ʃieit]v.领会；了解；认识canal[kə…næl] n.运河;水道;沟渠sophistication[sə,fisti‟keiʃən] n. (科技产品的)复杂;精密restrict [ri'strikt] vt. 限制，限定；约束，束缚severely[sə…virli] adv. 严格地；严重地；严厉地；严肃地division[di…viʒən] n.分开，分隔；[数]除法；部门；[军]师geoid[…dʒi:ɔid] n. 大地水准面quasi[‟kwɑ:zi(:) ] adj.类似的，准的theoretical[θiə'retikəl] a.1. 理论的;2. 假设的,the mean sea level surface平均海平面landmass[…lænd,mæs] n. 大陆illustrate['iləstreit] vt.1. (用图,实例等)说明,阐明[(+with)]2. 插图于(书籍等),图解imaginary[i…mædʒinəri] adj. 想像中的，假想的，虚构的；trench[trentʃ] n.[C]1. 沟,沟渠2. 战壕Atlantic[æt‟læntɪk]n.大西洋Pacific [pə‟sɪfɪk] n. 太平洋halfway[…hɑ:f‟wei] adj. 半途（的）；中间（的）；不彻底（的）datum['deitəm]n.1.数据(pl. data)2. 【测】基准面(pl. datums)curious ly[…kjuəriəsli] adv. 好奇地,反常地；incorrectly[,inkə…rektli] adv.不适当地;不合适地Curiously and incorrectly 不十分准确地说tangent[…tændʒənt] n.[C]【数】正切;切线adj. <数>正切的；相切的；切线的；tangency[…tændʒənsi] n. 接触，相切neglect[ni‟glekt] vt.1. 忽视,忽略Backsight […bæksait] n. 后视foresig ht[…fɔ:sait] n. 先见；前视；differential [,difə…renʃəl] adj. 差别的；[数]微分的，差分的；n. [数]微分，差分；差别；Leveling n. 水准测量；compensate[…kɔmpenseit] vt. 补偿，赔偿；抵消vi. 补偿，弥补refraction[ri…frækʃən] n.1. 折射;大气差secure[si…kjuə] adj. 安全的；牢固的；有把握的；安心的vt. 保护；（使）获得；使安全；vi. 获得安全，变得安全；cooperation[kəu,ɔpə…reiʃən] n. 合作,协作parameter[pə…ræmitə] n. [数]参数；<物><数>参量；限制因素；决定因素in turn 依次；轮流地；相应地；转而;接下来；natural map series自然地图系列formation[fɔ:ˈmeɪʃn] n. 形成；构成，结构；UNIT3linear[…liniə] adj. 直线的，线形的；<数>一次的，线性的；spherical[…sferikəl] adj.球形的，球面的；天体的，天空的subject ['sʌbdʒɪkt]n.主题，话题；学科，科目；•Euclidean[ju…klidiən] a. 欧几里德的;欧几里德几何学的Slope n.斜坡；斜面；倾斜；山坡vi. 倾斜；vt. 使倾斜respective[ri…spektiv] adj.各自的，分别的Pace n.一步；长度单位；步幅；快步vt. 踱步，走来走去；步测；Odometer[əu‘dɔmitə] n. 里程计Perform [pə'fɔ:m]vt.& vi.执行；履行；表演；起…作用；有…功能steep[sti:p] a.1. 陡峭的2. 急剧升降的,大起大落的attach[ə'tætʃ] vt.1. 装上,贴上,系上[(+to)]• 2. 使依附;使附属[(+to)]register[…redʒistə] vt.登记，注册；（仪表等）指示；表示，表达；revolution[,revə…lu:ʃən] n.革命；彻底改变；旋转；运行，公转circumference[sə'kʌmfərəns] n.1. 圆周;周长2. 物体(或图形)的周边[the S][(+of)]poly tape聚乙烯尺，涤纶尺,聚乙烯胶带Invar[in…vɑ:]n.因瓦合金,因钢invar leveling staff 因瓦水准尺Coefficient [,kəuə…fiʃənt] n.系数；率；程度；协同因素adj. 共同作用的；合作的thermal['θə:məl] a.1. 热的;热量的2. 温泉的3. 保暖的expansion[iks…pænʃən] n.1. 扩展;扩张;膨胀graduate[…grædjueit] vt.1. 【美】准予...毕业;授予...学位2. 把...分等级;将...累进化3. 给...标上刻度reverse[ri…və:s] vt.& vi.（使）反转；（使）颠倒；掉换，交换；vi. 倒退；adj. 反面的；颠倒的；n. 倒转，反向；[机]回动；倒退；minimeter [‘mɪnɪmi:tə] n.测微计,千分比较仪,米尼表go along 出席（会议等）；去（某地）进展Plumb[plʌm]vt.使垂直；用测铅测；adj. 垂直的n.铅锤，测锤bob n.短发，束发Plumb bob n.铅锤Center v.集中；定中心；居中,对中，置中segment[…segmənt] n.部分，段落；分段；vt.&vi. 分割，划分plus prep. （表示运算）加；（表示包容）外加；在零（度）以上n. 加号；[数学]正量；adj. 加的；正的；Tacheometry [,tæki‟ɔmitri] n.视距测量（法）Stadia [‟steidjə] n.视距，视距仪器；（周围有看台的）露天大型运动场，体育场（stadium 的名词复数）optical[…ɔptikəl] a.1. 眼睛的;视力的2. 光学的by means of 用，依靠；将；借助于intercept[,intə…sept] vt.拦截；拦阻n.（数学）截距；拦截；拦截者level staff水准标尺,水准尺Hair n.头发，毛发；丝,游丝the top and bottom stadia hairs 上下丝距丝rod n. 标尺，标杆，棒,杆,竿[C]interval['intəvəl] n.[C]1. 间隔;距离[(+between)]the stadia interval factor K 视距(乘)常数•principal focus主焦点nominal [ˈnɒmɪnl] adj.名义上的；标定的,标称的external[eks'tə:nl] –focusing 外調焦，外對光•Internal-focusing内調焦，内對光consequence[…kɔnsikwəns] n. 结果，成果；重要性；Traversing 导线测量Leveling 水准测量topographic['tɔpə'græfik] a.1. 地形(学)上的2. 地形测量的3. 地志的the topographic surveys 地形测量Detail survey 碎部测量Telescopic [ˌtelɪˈskɒpɪk]adj.伸缩的；望远镜的；cross-hair 十字丝configuration[kən,figju'reiʃən] n.1. 结构;2. 【心】形态3.(地球表面的)外貌advent[…ædvənt] n.出现；到来；emphasis[…emfəsis] n.1. 强调,重视,重点terrain[te…rein] [美] [tə’ren]n.地形，地势；地面，地带；[地理]岩层；（知识的）领域范围Electromagnetic[i'lektrəumæg'netik] adj.<物>电磁的vacuum[‘vækjuəm]adj.真空的；用以产生真空的；利用真空的atmosphere[‘ætməsfiə] n. 大气，空气；大气层；风格，基调；气氛Range[reindʒ] n.1. 排, 行; 一系列[C]2. 山脉[C]3. 幅度; 范围; 区域;距离；量程；Band n.（无线电的）波段Microwave['maikrəuweiv] n.1. 微波2. 微波炉Visibility [,vizi…biliti] n.能见度；可见性；可见距离；Infrared [ˈinfrəˈred] adj. <物>红外线的n. 红外线Airborne […ɛəbɔ:n] adj.空运的，飞机载的；航空的；空气所带的；空气传播的electro-optical 光电的Namely [‘neimli] adv. 即，也就是；换句话说；亦即；就是说Pulse n.脉搏；[无线电]（电磁波等）脉动；•pulse method 脉冲法•phase different method 相位移法Modulated [’mɔdjuleitid]adj.已调整[制]的，被调的Beam n.梁，栋梁；束；光线；（电波的）波束Passive['pæsiv] a.1. 被动的;消极的2. 顺从的,顺服的Reflector [rɪ‟flektə] n.[C]1. 反射镜;反射物2. 反射望远镜zenith[…zi:niθ] [‟z e niθ]n.1. 【天】天顶[the S]2. 最高点;顶点Zenith angles 天顶距，天顶角UNIT4have reference to 参照… ，与…有关vertical line n. 垂(直)线,铅垂线assume[ə’sju:m] vt. 承担，担任；假设，假定；呈现suspend[səs…pend] V.悬挂;吊suspended[sə'spendɪd] adj. 暂停的，悬浮的perpendicular[,pə:pən'dikjulə] a.1. 垂直的,成直角的,正交的[(+to)]2. 直立的;intersect[,intə…sekt] vt. 横断,贯穿;与...交叉projection[prə…dʒekʃən] n.投影,投射；放映；规划，设计；It follows that 因此，由此得出结论…，由此可见,因而断定…zenith [‘zeniθ] n. 顶点，极点, 天顶(距)space angle空间角plus (up) or minus (down) angles 仰角,俯角elevation angle 高度角,仰角depression angle 俯角Depression n.萎靡不振，沮丧；下陷处，坑；衰弱；减缓Celestial [sə‟lestʃəl]adj.天的，天空的n. 天人，神仙；infinitely […infinitli] ad. 无限地,无穷地;极其upward […ʌpwəd] a. 向上的;升高的transit […trænsit] n.通过；搬运；转变；经纬仪；子午仪，中星仪；纵转；vt.通过；横越；运送；使（望远镜）纵转vi. 通过，经过clinometers [klai…nɔmitə] n.测角器，倾斜仪；测斜计；sextant[…sekstənt] n. 六分仪compass[…kʌmpəs] n.罗盘；指南针；圆规；界限Circle n.圆，环；循环，周期；度盘，圆状物；vt. 圈出，包围；绕…运转vi. 环绕，盘旋protractor[prə…træktə] n.量角器，分度规,分度器lay off v.停止工作[活动]；停止做某种不快的事；暂时解雇;测设,放样Lay off an angle 角度测设Lay off curves 曲线测设Sexagesimal [,seksə…dʒesəml] adj.六十的，六十进位的n. 以六十为分母的分数sexagesimal system 六十进制sense n.感觉；观念；意义；方向；读出•Sense of a line 线的指向•Sense of movement 运动方向•Sense of rotation 旋转方向•Stereoscopic sense 立体感Counterclockwise [,kauntə'klɔkwaiz] a.&ad. 逆时针方向的(地);自右向左的（地）set up[…set ʌp] 1. 竖立;建造2. 建立,创立;3.（仪器等）安置Set up of instrument 仪器安置Level 置平，整平；•Ball level ,box level圆水准器•Tubular level 管水准器•Split-bubble level 符合水准器•Sprit level [汽泡]水准仪，微倾式水准仪•‟Compensator level ，self-adjusting level, self-leveling level self-aligning level自动安平水准仪Commence [kə‟mens] vt.& vi. 开始；着手；获得学位•face left 盘左，正镜bisect [bai…sekt] vt.把…一分为二，把…二等分；与…相交叉horizontal scale 水平度盘plate[pleit] n.1. 盘子,盆,碟[C]2. 金属板,薄板,玻璃板[C]Base plate (仪器)底座，基座Clamp vt.& vi. 夹紧，夹住；锁住；n. 钳，夹子；The Upper plate clamp 上盘制动螺旋；水平制动螺旋；Vertical clamp 竖直制动螺旋face right 盘右，倒镜Swing n.摇摆，摆动；振幅；秋千；vt. 使旋转；使做曲线运动；vi. 悬摆；侧转，转弯；Encoder [in‟kəudə] n. 编码器sense vt.感知；理解，领会；检测出Spindle (机器的)轴，心轴liquid crystal displays LCD液晶显示屏，液晶显示器light-emitting 发光的Diode['daiəud] n. 二极管Readout n.读出器，读出,读数，数据显示Printout ['printaut] n.（电脑）打印出来的资料Pendulum['pendjuləm] n.摆，钟摆；Compensator['kɔmpenseitə] n.[C]1. 补偿(或赔偿)者;补偿(或赔偿)物2. 【机】补偿器,补助器Provision[prə'viʒən] n.规定，条款；预备，准备，设备；供应；生活物质，储备物资vt.& vi. 为……提供所需物品（尤指食物）Index['indeks] n.索引；<数>指数；指示；标志•vt. 给……编索引；把……编入索引；absolute[…æbsəlu:t] adj.绝对的，完全的；initialize[I’niʃəlaiz]vt.初始化Azimuth[…æziməθ] n.1. 【天】方位角;地平经度2. 【测】方位the mean surface of the earth平均地球表面magnitude[ˈmægnɪtju:d] n. 巨大，广大；重大，重要；量级；大小Bearing[…bɛəriŋ] n.象限角；方位[角]；方向角；矿层走向；[机]轴承，支座；关系；态度，举止Orientation[,ɔ:riən…teiʃən] n.方向，定位，定向；Orientation by backsight 后视定向actually[…æktjuəli] adv.实际上；事实上；确实；竟Quadrant[…kwɔdrənt] n.四分之一圆；象限；四分仪Fall V. 落下, 属于;被划分为Trend n. 走向；趋向；时尚，时髦;vi. 通向,转向;倾向；趋势Respect [ri…spekt] n.1. 敬重,尊敬[U][(+for)]2. 敬意,问候[P][(+to)]3. 尊重,注重,重视[U][(+for/to)];关于，至于unit 5Traverse n. 导线，穿过；横贯；横木；[建]横梁vt. 横越，横贯；通过；导线测量adj. 横贯的；横切的arbitrary adj. 随意的，任性的，随心所欲的；主观的，武断的；arbitrary points 任意点vertical Control Network高程控制网range n.1. 排, 行; 一系列[C]2. 山脉[C] 3. (变化等的) 幅度; (知识等的) 范围; 区域[U] vi. 搜索；（在一定幅度内）变化，变动；延伸；漫游vt. 排列；（按一定位置或顺序）排序；把……分类;inexpensive adj. 不贵的，便宜的；廉；花费不多的;价钱低廉的expensive a.高价的;昂贵的;花钱的Position n. 位置，方位；地位，职位；态度；状态vt. 安置；把……放在适当位置；给……定位；In relation to与…有关well-placed adj. 置于适当地点的；瞄得准的；有良好的职位或社会地位的；方便的primary control主要控制，基本控制triangulation n. 三角测量trilateration n. 三边测量（术）intersection n. 横断，横切；交叉，相交；交会；Forward ~ 前方交会Lateral ~ , side ~ 侧方交会Three-point ~ 后方交会resection n. 切除术；后方交会；反切法Trigonometric adj. 三角法的，据三角法的proposition n. 命题；建议；主张v. 提议；the trigonometric proposition三角法则the law of sines正弦定理Furthermore adv. 此外；而且；与此同时；再者Trigonometry n. 三角学the law of cosines 余弦定理possess vt. 拥有；掌握，Triangulateration 边角测量total station 全站仪whereas conj. 鉴于；然而；反之control stations 控制点in series adv. 连续地，顺序地emerge vi. 出现，显露，显现,浮现；暴露；ideal adj. 理想的，完美的；n. 理想；典型；dimensional adj. 尺寸的；<物>量纲的；<数>因次的；维的尺寸控制In general一般而言，总的来说adv. 通常；大体上open traverse 支导线 a closed traverse 闭合导线originate vi. 发源;来自;产生[Q][(+in/from/with)]with respect to有关,关于，（至于）谈到,相对于;Assume v.1. 假定;以为;假设2. 呈现，具有，显露（某种特质）terminate vt.& vi. 结束；使终结；解雇；到达终点站adj. 结束的verification n. 确认;证明;核实Refine vt. 提炼；改进,改良,改善；使高雅;At a minimum adv. 至少preliminary survey 初测preliminary a.1. 预备的;初步的;序言(性)的;开端的loop n. 圈，环；vt.& vi. （使）成环，（使）成圈；以环连结；Loop the rope around the pole.把绳子环绕在柱子上。