09春欧洲文化考试试卷

Part I Multiple Choices (35 points)Directions:Read the following unfinished statements or questions carefully. For each unfinished statement or question, four suggested answers marked ( A ), ( B ), ( C ) and ( D ) are given. Choose the one which best completes the statement or answers the question by blackening the corresponding letter on the answer sheet.1.The __________civilization on Crete was a wealthy trading culture that existed from about 2600BC to about 1400 BC in ancient Greece.A. MycenaeanB. MinoanC. HellenisticD. Neolithic2.The Trojan War was caused when the Trojan prince Paris took _______, the wife of the king ofSparta, back to Troy with him.A. HelenB. ErisC. AndromacheD. Penelope3._________ is the period during which Greek culture spread throughout Asia Minor and the Middle East in the empire of Alexander the Great.A. HellenismB. the Classical ageC. the Archaic ageD. the Iron Age4.Herodotus’ books about the wars between _______ and the Greeks (490-479B.C.) were the firstsystematic histories to be written in the West.A. PersiansB. TrojansC. RomansD. Turks5.The Greek goddess of love and beauty is ___________, while in Roman Myths her name waschanged to Venus.A. HeraB. HestiaC. AphroditeD. Athena6.The Athenian thinker___________ called himself “a midwife to knowledge”who just broughtknowledge out of others by asking questions.A. PlatoB. AristotleC. EpicurusD. Socrates7. “An eye for an eye, and a tooth for a tooth…” is probably from ___________.A. the Old TestamentB. the New TestamentC. RepublicD. Antigone8.Next to Jesus, it’s generally believed that _________ is the most important person in Christianity.A. PaulB. PeterC. DavidD. John9.Persecution of the Christians ended in 313 A.D. when _________ issued the Edict of Milangiving Christians and others the freedom “to follow the religion which each may desire”.A. NeroB. ConstantineC. TheodosiusD. Augustus10. The ruling class of ancient Rome kept the Roman populace平民happy by distributing free foodand staging huge spectacles公开表演___________ and ____________ are the two major means of entertainment for ancient Romans.A. Gladiators；the Olympic GamesB. Theater; the Olympic GamesC. Gladiators; Chariot racesD. none of the above11. “Love is patient, love is kind. It does not envy, it does not boast, it is not proud…it is nor easilyangered, it keeps no record of wrongs…” is probably from ____________.A. the New TestamentB. the Old TestamentC. OdysseyD. Utopia12. Plato describes his ideal state in the Republic, which is ruled by a group of carefully trained menand women, who are all___________.A. soldiersB. artistsC. philosophersD. poets13. A dam and Eve’s first two sons were ________ and ________. They represent two forms oflife—the nomad existence, moving from place to place and the sedentary existence—looking after the fields.A. Jacob; AbelB. Cain; AbelC. Job; Is sacD. David; Saul14. Many of the modern-day Arabs recognize that they are the descendants of Ishmael, while theJews are descendants of Isaac — but all are descended from __________.A. JudasB. JacobC. MosesD. Abraham15. In the early clays of Christianity, it was a religion of _______.A. the richB. the poorC. the ruling classD. all people16. Both Judaism and Christianity are _________, refusing to worship any other god than their own.A. monotheismB. DeismC. PolytheismD. Atheism17.______ emphasized equality in human dignity and humanity, the acceptance of one’s fate, and theidea of divine wisdom in the world, which had a wide appeal to Romans as well as to Christians.A. StoicismB. EpicureanismC. ScepticismD. materialism18. ______, woman poet of Lesbos, is noted for her love poems of passionate intensity, some of which are addressed to women. She was considered the most famous female poet of the ancient world.A. CleopatraB. DidoC. the MusesD. Sappho19. The story of ______ in the Bible attempts to explain why people across the world speak differentlanguages.A. the Tower of BabelB. Noah’s arkC. JosephD. Samson20. Roman law consists of three categories: the “citizen law”, the “law of nations” and “_______”.A. civil lawB. moral lawC. natural lawD. criminal law21. In the Middle Ages, the church gained its income mainly from __________, which were payments of one tenth of everyone’s income.A. tithesB. taxC. paymentD. money22. ______ was the supreme head of the Catholic Church.A. ArchbishopB. PopeC. College of cardinalsD. Bishop23. The epic poem __________ is about a mighty warrior who goes to help his friend, whose people are oppressed by the terrible monsters and finally he killed the fire-spiting dragon as he dies.A. The Dream of RoodB. The Consolations of PhilosophyC. BeowulfD. The Book of Kells24. In 1054, the Christian Church was divided into ____ and the Eastern Orthodox Church.A. ChristianityB. the Roman ChurchC. the Roman Catholic ChurchD. the Western Catholic25. Which of the following is not included in the Code of Chivalry?A. Loyalty to the weak.B. Fighting for the church.C. Telling the truth and be generous.D. Only fight equals in rank.26. The goal of the Crusades was_________.A. to re-control JerusalemB. to open path to ByzantineC. to regain the Holy land -PalestineD. to open trade route to the east27. _________’s work shows modern intellectual curiosity, in contrast to much medieval writing, and was known as Father of Humanism.A. MirandolaB. Fracesco PetrarchC. Ludovico AriostoD. Torquato Tasso28. “Knowledge is power” is one of the quotations from _________.A. John LockeB. Francis BaconC. Isaac NewtonD. Gotffried Wilhelm yon Leibniz29. The most important point in Descartes’ philosophy is _________.A. I think therefore I amB. I use my senses therefore I amC. I doubt therefore I amD. None of the above30. ________’s best known work is The Canterbury Tales.A. Geoffrey ChaucerB. BoccacioC. Chretien de TroyuesD. Andreas Capellanus31. Boccaccio’s best known work, _______ is a collection of one hundred stories told by three men and seven women to pass the time when they leave Florence to escape the plague of 1348.A. On Famous menB. The Solitary LifeC. On Religious IdlenessD. The Decameron32. Who was not one of the trinity of Renaissance in Italy?A. Leonardo da VinciB. MichelangeloC. RaffaelloD. Botticelli33. Which of the following is not one of the tragedies by Shakespear?A. Romeo and JulietB. HamletC. Henry VIIID. Julius Caesar34. ______ translated the Bible into English, and later was destroyed by church.A. John WycliffeB. Jan HusC. Johannes GutenbergD. Martin Luther35. Thomas Hobbes’s _____ is one of the most celebrated political treatises in European literature.A. LeviathanB. the Advancement of LearningC. Essay Concerning Human UnderstandingD. Treatise of Civil GovernmentPart II True or False Questions (10 points)Directions: Read the following statements carefully and then decide whether the statement is true or false. Please write down T for true and F for false on the answer sheet.36.Followers of Jesus became known as Christians because they believed that Jesus was the Christ,or Messiah, prophesied in the Old Testament.37.The Academy was founded by Aristotle.38.Octavian Augustus was remembered for above all one thing—a long period of peace, the PaxRomana.39.The Romans showed they were citizens by participating in the polis in every way. For the Greeks,citizenship came to be a matter of pride and protection: the state protected you legally, but did not require you to participate directly.40.The most famous sermon of Saint Paul is called Sermon on the Mount in which he said “Ifsomeone strikes you on the right cheek, turn to him the other also; …Love your enemies…”41. During the middle ages, the church taught that people lived in a world of sin, that most peoplewould go to hell and only a few would be saved.42. The centre of trade and banking in the 17th century was in Mediterranean.43. Christopher Columbus was the discoverer of the New World and the American continent was named after him.44. Pico’s idea of freedom of choice is the starting point of all modern thinking.45. Descartes introduced the separation of mind and body into western thought.Part III Match the Items (20 points)Directions:In the following part there are two columns. The left hand column consists of a list of names. The right hand column consists of a list of titles, names of organizations or works. Match each name in the left hand column with corresponding title or organization or work in the right hand column and put the number A or B or C etc. on the answer sheet.Section A46. Virgil ( ) A. The Golden Ass47. Homer ( ) B. Elements48. Aeschylus ( ) C. Medea49. Sophocles ( ) D.The city of God50. Euripedes ( ) E. Ten Commandments51. Euclid ( ) F. Aneid52. Julius Cesar ( ) G. I came, I saw, I conquered53. Saint Augustine ( ) H. Iliad54. Moses ( ) I. Prometheus Bound55. Lucius Apuleius ( ) J. Oedipus the KingSection B56. Dante ( ) A. The Holy City57. Renaissance ( ) B. Utopia58. John Locke ( ) C. Ars Poetica59.The Middle Ages ( ) D. Religious War60.Horace ( ) E. The Age of Faith61.Tomes More ( ) F. The mind is empty at birth62.Jerusalem ( ) G. Rebirth63.Knights ( ) H. The Divine Comedy64.Crusade ( ) I. Age of Science and Government65.17th century ( ) J. RomancePart IV Answer two of the following questions briefly on the answer sheet. (20 points, 四选二)1.In what important ways was Aristotle different from Plato?2.Please explain the relationship between Judaism and Christianity.3.What measures did the church take to increase its authority in the thirteenth and fourteenthcenturies?4.List the general factors that led to the Reformation.Part V Answer one of the following questions with no less than 120 words on the answer sheet.(15 points，二选一)1．What are the major contributions of Ancient Greeks?2. How do you understand Humanism?。