中考英语基础语法总结

2.介词 (加时间或地点）
【实例】—Is your father home?（2012） —No，he’s working late ____ the office. A. On B. at C. of D. to Both my parents were born 1970. （2011） A. at B. in C. on D. to
9.疑问词
【实例】— ____ is the dictionary?(2012) —It’s $22.95. A. How old B. How long C. How thick D. How much — do you play football?（2011） —Once a week. A .How much B. How long C. How often D. How far
I am working on a new film these days。
3.现在进行时表示将要发生的动作（短暂性动词： come\go\leave\arrive)
We are leaving for shanghai tomorrow. We will leave for shanghai tomorrow.
4.连词
【实例】—Would you like to go to the concert with me? (2010) —I’d love to, ________ I’m afraid I have no time. A. so B. or C. and D. but There are no buses, ____ you’ll have to walk.（2012） A. so B. or C. but D. for
We had a wonderful vacation last week.
2.表示过去经常或反复发生的动作 常与always, usually, often, sometimes, never等连用。
I was always late for school when I was a student.
I haven’t finished my homework yet. You have aLeabharlann Baiduready grown much taller.
2.表示从过去某时开始一直延续到现在的动作或状态，也许还 会延续下去。常和表示一段时间的时间壮语连用（for＋一段时间；
since+过去时间点）
It has been five years since he joined the army . They have learned English for eight years .
3.形容词和副词（比较级和最高级）
【实例】 I work hard this term, but Peter works much ____.（2012） A. hard B. harder C. hardest D. the hardest We have a lovely room. It’s one of in the hotel.（2011） A. nice B. nicer C. nicest D. the nicest
时态
现在进行时 基本结构：am/is/are+doing
时间状语now, at this time, these days等look \listen 句首提示词
1.表示此时此刻正在发生的事或进行的动作
Look. Someone is swimming in the river.
2.当前一段时间内正在发生的动作或状态
时态
过去进行时 基本结构：was/were+doing 时间状语at this time yesterday, at that time 或以when引导的谓语动词
是一般过去时的时间状语从句。
1.表示过去某一时间点正在发生的事或进行的动作
I was doing homework at this time yesterday. I was washing dishes when the phone rang.
10.宾语从句（三步：连接词-语序-时态）
【实例】 — Can you tell me ____ the prize, Tom?（2012） —Last year. A. when you got B. when did you get C. when will you get D. when you will get —Mary, could you tell me ____ ____ ? （2012西城） —one for each classroom, 50 altogether. A. how many computers did you buy B. how many computers you bought C. Where did you buy the computers D. where you bought the computer 主句一般过去时，从句变成相应的过去时态。 He told me that he would take part in the high jump.
2.表示在过去某一时间点之前已经持续了一段时间的动作或 状态
I had lived in America for two years before I came here .
时态
一般将来时 基本结构： ①am/is/are/going to + do ②will+ do 时间状语：tomorrow, next day(week, month, year…), in a few minutes,
7.动词时态
【实例】 I ____ Mr. Smith since he moved to Shanghai.（2012）
A. didn’t hear from B. don’t hear from C. won’t hear from D. haven’t heard from —What were you doing this time yesterday? (2011) —I on the grass and drawing a picture. A. sit B. sat C. am sitting D. was sitting He’ll send us a message as soon as he ____ in Sichuan.(2008) A. is arriving B. will arrive C. arrived D. arrives
8.被动语态
【实例】 Today, computers are really helpful. They ____ everywhere.（2012） A. Use B. are used C. used D. were used
Many accidents by careless drivers last year.(2011) A. are caused B. were caused C. have caused D. will cause
时态
过去完成时 基本结构： had + done
1、表示在过去某一时间或动作以前已完成的行为或存在的 状态。即发生的时间是过去的过去。
常与“by/before+过去时间”或when引导一般过去时从句 连用。 The train had already left before we arrived. When we got to the cinema, the film had already started.
时态
一般现在时 基本结构：1）is\am \are 2）行为动词原形（三单）
时间状语： always, usually, often, sometimes, every week (day, year, month…), once a week
1.表示经常性、习惯性的动作
She always gets up at six o’clock in the morning.
4. Be about to do表示马上就要发生的事，不与具体的时间连用。
The train is about to leave.
the day after tomorrow等
1、表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态
He will come back soon.
2.表示说话者的主观计划或打算
I am going to check my e-mail this evening.
3.客观迹象表明某事即将发生
Look at the dark clouds, it is going to rain.
3.have\has been to 和 has gone to
have been to 表示“有到过某地的经历（现在已经回来了） I have been to America twice. has gone to 表示“去了某地（还没有回来）”通常不用第一二人称做主语 Lucy isn’t at home. She has gone to the library.
题型、考点、解题技巧
二、单项选择
基础题，考点固定，力争满分。
考点：(高频考点10个）
1.代词（人称代词、不定代词）
【实例】The lovely girl is from Class 6. ____ name is Alice. (2012) A. Her B. His C. Your D. Its There were only two paintings for sale and he bought ____.(2012) A. all B. any C. both D. some
2.表示主语的性格、能力、特征、状态等，通常不带时间状语。
She is a middle school student. 3.表示客观真理、科学事实等。 The earth goes round the sun. 4.表示按时间表、日程等安排或计划好的将要发生的事情。 The train starts at 7:30 a.m.
2.描写情景时
It was a dark night and it was snowing heavily. 那是一个漆黑的夜晚，当时雪下的很大。
时态
现在完成时 基本结构：have/has + done
1、表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果， 常与already, yet, ever, never, just，before 等词连用。
时态
一般过去时 基本结构：1）was/were
2）行为动词过去式
时间状语： yesterday , the day before yesterday ,last week(year, night,
month…), this morning, in 1984,one day等。
1.表示过去某一具体时间发生的动作或存在的状态
5. 非谓语动词
【实例】 Granny often tells us _______ water in our daily life. （2010） A. save B. saving C. to save D. saves — Linda, when shall we take a walk? （2008） — After I finish ____ the dishes. A. wash B. washed C. to wash D. washing
6.情态动词
【实例】 —Mum, must I wash the dishes right now?（2012） —No, you ____. A. shouldn’t B. wouldn’t C. mustn’t D. needn’t
—________ you turn down your radio, please? (2010) —Yes, I can. A. May B. Need C. Must D. Can