学术英语如何写好摘要
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Background – why do you want to do the research? Research question
– what question are you trying to answer and what is the research topic of your paper? Method – how (what material, what method, and what procedures) do you get answers to your research question? Results – what is your answer to the question? Conclusions – what implications does the answer imply?
How to Write an Abstract
contents
I. Definition of abstract II. Function of abstract III. Contents of abstract IV. Suggestions for abstract
writing V. Keywords writing
Brief – conveys in as few words as possible the essential information contained in the body of the paper.
Fra Baidu bibliotek
Useful EXPRESSIONS
To DEFINE the background and argument of the present study
I. What is an abstract ?
Abstract is a short description of the entire paper that appears right at the beginning of the body part and it is often regarded as the most important component in a research paper.
(Previous studies) have examined…, (the related problem) is that…, despite…
The 3 Key Elements in an Abstract
A. The statement of purpose about your research;
B. The method of your research; C. The conclusion of your research.
STRUCTURE of Abstract
Consistent – be consistent with the other parts of the whole paper, and never include what has not been mentioned in the paper.
Complete – cover all the main points of the paper and be a miniature of the paper.
Classification of abstracts Structure of an informative abstract Features of an abstract
Classification of abstracts
informative abstract - the primary research objective or purpose - method employed in solving the problems - principal findings or results - major conclusions and serves as a substitute for the full paper
Features of an abstract
Concise – write everything relevant to the paper in as simple terms as possible.
Objective – states objectively the main points of the paper.
II. What is the function of an abstract ?
An abstract is used by potential readers（潜在读者） to determine its relevance to their interest and finally to decide whether or not he/she needs to read the entire paper.
Although (the research subject)…, (the related problem)… is as yet undetermined.
(The research subject)…, however, (the related problem)… remains unsolved.
descriptive abstract outlines the topics covered in the paper and is like a table of contents in paragraph form.
Structure of an informative abstract
III. Contents of abstract
Topic specification 主题说明 Background information 背景信息 Purpose statement 目的陈述 Methodology and data 方法与数据 Results/findings 研究结果 Implication/Conclusion 结论
– what question are you trying to answer and what is the research topic of your paper? Method – how (what material, what method, and what procedures) do you get answers to your research question? Results – what is your answer to the question? Conclusions – what implications does the answer imply?
How to Write an Abstract
contents
I. Definition of abstract II. Function of abstract III. Contents of abstract IV. Suggestions for abstract
writing V. Keywords writing
Brief – conveys in as few words as possible the essential information contained in the body of the paper.
Fra Baidu bibliotek
Useful EXPRESSIONS
To DEFINE the background and argument of the present study
I. What is an abstract ?
Abstract is a short description of the entire paper that appears right at the beginning of the body part and it is often regarded as the most important component in a research paper.
(Previous studies) have examined…, (the related problem) is that…, despite…
The 3 Key Elements in an Abstract
A. The statement of purpose about your research;
B. The method of your research; C. The conclusion of your research.
STRUCTURE of Abstract
Consistent – be consistent with the other parts of the whole paper, and never include what has not been mentioned in the paper.
Complete – cover all the main points of the paper and be a miniature of the paper.
Classification of abstracts Structure of an informative abstract Features of an abstract
Classification of abstracts
informative abstract - the primary research objective or purpose - method employed in solving the problems - principal findings or results - major conclusions and serves as a substitute for the full paper
Features of an abstract
Concise – write everything relevant to the paper in as simple terms as possible.
Objective – states objectively the main points of the paper.
II. What is the function of an abstract ?
An abstract is used by potential readers（潜在读者） to determine its relevance to their interest and finally to decide whether or not he/she needs to read the entire paper.
Although (the research subject)…, (the related problem)… is as yet undetermined.
(The research subject)…, however, (the related problem)… remains unsolved.
descriptive abstract outlines the topics covered in the paper and is like a table of contents in paragraph form.
Structure of an informative abstract
III. Contents of abstract
Topic specification 主题说明 Background information 背景信息 Purpose statement 目的陈述 Methodology and data 方法与数据 Results/findings 研究结果 Implication/Conclusion 结论