英国文学英文论文
英国文学史期末论文
The History of Tom Jones, a FoundlingHenry Fielding is a famous novelist and dramatist in the 18th century. His master piece The History of Tom Jones, a foundling set a good example to later writers in the thematic presentation, character portrayal, plot construction and writing style and is considered by many critics to be the model of modern realistic novels, and Henry Fielding has been therefore called the father of realistic novels.The novel has eighteen books. The first six books give the cause of the action: Tom's open, sensual nature; the conflict with Blifil; the misunderstanding with Squire Allworthy; Tom's love for Sophia and their separation. The next six contain both the consequences of the first six and the incidents and details which will bring about a resolution. The last six books plunge Tom into disastrous circumstances through his actions and get him out of them again. When he is in prison about to be hanged, he hears that Sophia has refused to speak to or see him again as a result of his affair with Lady Bellaston. As if this were not enough, he even has to face the possibility that he might have committed incest. But it is this last misfortune which also brings about his change of fortune: it is through Jenny Jones, Tom's purported mother who is now known as Mrs. Waters, that the truth of Tom's birth emerges. This brings about a reconciliation with Squire Allworthy and Sophia, and the downfall of Blifil.The neatly constructed plot reflects a basic eighteenth century faith in the order of the world, which Fielding, despite skeptical overtones, displayed in this huge but far from sprawling novel. As one of the pioneers of English realistic literature, Fielding portrayed without disguising anything the real lives of men at that time. This novel differs from almost all other novels both in the range and the precision of its scale and scheme. Its personages are extremely numerous; its scenes are extremely varied, and each has its local colour adjusted with perfect propriety. It is not an exaggeration to say that this novel is the very panorama of the true reflection of the eighteenth century England social life. He exposed the hypocrisy and depravity of the upper class, and pictured he poverty and innocence of the lower people.As the founder of English realistic literature, Henry Fielding not only gives us a panoramic view of English life in the 18th century, but also pictures a series of characters in his masterpiece “Tom Jones”. He mainly portrays many characters such as Mr.Allworthy,Tom, Miss Sophia with the employment of the realistic theory and the art of imperfection. And he especially succeeds in revealing the humanity of the protagonist. Meanwhile, Fielding further strengthens the human writing principle through sharp contrast. Undoubtedly, such a writing principle has a certain significance in the history of British novels.Henry Fielding set up a multi-level and multi-angle contrast structure, by using which he not only created a series of vivid characters, but also clarified the theme of this great work powerfully. He not only uses the contras to of one character with another each representing a different type of human nature, but also the contrast of the same character in his different aspects such as his words and his actions, usually in contradiction with each other, in order to depict the true human nature through a kind of ironic effect. In depicting Tom and Blifil, Fielding’s purpose was obviously to emphasize the contrast between agood-hearted young man and a false-hearted blackguard. Although the former has also made some mistakes, he is sound at the core. Whereas the latter, though always with pious talk and outward exemplary manners, his inner nature is wholly corrupt.Feilding showed us his thorough and systematic male chauvinism in terms of this novel, namely, male was the main stay in that society. The history of“Tom Jones”was the one that male played a leading role. Fielding’s male Chauvinism embodied in this novel will be explored by analyzing male’s expanding of self-consciousness, and other women characters.For example, Sophia is aremarkable character representing the young women of the day who had sufficient courage and independence to defy the corrupted values of that time. She is a rare creation of a young woman of a good family, with sufficient courage and independence to struggle for her heart’s desire. Sophia is a real courageous and anti-traditional woman character. But she is not a very successful woman character since she fails to be an autonomous individual and has to make compromises with the patriarchal world created by Fielding. She has to make compromises with such a society since she has no power to counter against it. It is impossible for her, a dependent to the male authority, to be an autonomous individual and assert her own rights. So the ideal image of Sophia is only a sham, she is just one of the many“ideal” products of the patriarchal ideology.Underlying Sophia’s compromises were Fielding’s male Chauvinism. In Tom Jones, Fielding created a totally patriarchal and hierarchical world. Although Fielding successfully exposed the hypocrisy andextolled“good nature”in this novel, his treatment of the gender role and male Chauvinism need to be challenged especially in the modern society.From the digression in“Tom Jones”,in the form of jocular conversation with the reader, we can know Fielding’s philosophy of art.“Nature herself”, that is, the exact observation and study of real life, was thebasis of Fielding’s work. He would not, like the romance-writers’,re ly simply on his imagination for the creation of his characters. Nor would he content himself merely with imitating the figures depicted in the works of earlier authors. “Imitation here”,he once wrote,“will not do the business. The picture must be after “N ature herself”.By“Nature”he meant the close and constant study of men and women in life. The centre of Fielding’s writing philosophy was Man,common earthly Man with his earthly interests, needs and passions, which would be studied and portrayed in action,in clashes, and in development.According to Fielding, the appropriate subject of the novel is human nature .Human nature is what Fielding claims to reproduce in the characters of his novels. It is his endeavor to picture this human nature faithfully and accurately as he sees it He will not embellish or idealize. But in the delineation of his characters Fielding does not simply produce a series of literally exact portraits of the people he observes around him. Fielding holds the view that a truthful art ist’s duty was to reproduce human nature faithfully and accurately as he saw it.Thus,he drew his characters,not from his imagination,nor from models in literature,but from the living human nature which he observed in the people around him.The result was an assemblage of living characters in his novels. Based on a deep understanding of human psychology and sound criticism of social evils,“Tom Jones”gives us a truthful and comprehensive description of human nature. In the struggle between kindness and evil, honesty and hypocrisy, the former always triumphs over the latter, which has proved the educational function of Fielding’s novelHenry Fielding's Tom Jones is both one of the great comic masterpieces of English literature and a major force in the development of the novel form. Tom Jones gives a comprehensive ,all-embracing picture of the life of 18th century England, combined with understanding of human psychology and criticism of social evils, together with full-blooded characters, realistically depicted in brilliant, witty and highly artistic language. Let’s remember the words engraved on his tombstone.“No one is better than him at revealing the human secret; he lives for others, not for himself.” This is the best appraisal of Fielding’s writing and life.。
英国文学 英语作文
英国文学英语作文British Literature。
British literature is one of the most celebratedliterary traditions in the world. It has given us some of the most iconic works of literature, such as Shakespeare's plays, Dickens' novels, and Austen's novels. The literature of Britain has had a profound impact on the world, and continues to influence contemporary writers to this day.The earliest works of British literature date back to the Anglo-Saxon period, with the epic poem Beowulf being one of the most famous examples. This was followed by the Middle English period, which saw the emergence of Chaucer's Canterbury Tales. The Renaissance period saw the emergence of Shakespeare, who is widely considered to be the greatest playwright in the English language. His plays, such as Hamlet, Macbeth, and Romeo and Juliet, are still performed around the world today.The eighteenth and nineteenth centuries saw the emergence of the novel as a popular form of literature,with writers such as Jane Austen, Charles Dickens, and the Bronte sisters producing some of the most enduring works of British literature. Austen's novels, such as Pride and Prejudice and Sense and Sensibility, are celebrated fortheir wit, social commentary, and memorable characters. Dickens' novels, such as Oliver Twist and Great Expectations, are known for their vivid depictions of Victorian London and their social criticism.The twentieth century saw the emergence of modernist writers such as Virginia Woolf, James Joyce, and T.S. Eliot. Woolf's novels, such as Mrs. Dalloway and To the Lighthouse, are celebrated for their innovative narrative techniquesand their exploration of the inner lives of their characters. Joyce's novel Ulysses is considered to be oneof the most important works of modernist literature, while Eliot's poem The Waste Land is a landmark of modernist poetry.Contemporary British literature continues to be vibrantand diverse, with writers such as Zadie Smith, Kazuo Ishiguro, and Salman Rushdie producing works that reflect the changing face of Britain and the world. Smith's novels, such as White Teeth and On Beauty, explore issues of race, identity, and multiculturalism in contemporary Britain. Ishiguro's novels, such as The Remains of the Day and Never Let Me Go, are known for their subtle explorations of memory, identity, and the human condition. Rushdie's novels, such as Midnight's Children and The Satanic Verses, are celebrated for their imaginative storytelling and their exploration of themes such as identity, religion, and politics.In conclusion, British literature is a rich and diverse tradition that has had a profound impact on the world. From the epic poems of the Anglo-Saxon period to the contemporary novels of Zadie Smith and Salman Rushdie, British literature continues to inspire and challenge readers around the world.。
英国文学的意义英文作文
英国文学的意义英文作文英文：The significance of British literature is immense, asit has played a crucial role in shaping the cultural and historical identity of the United Kingdom. From the worksof William Shakespeare to the contemporary writings of authors like J.K. Rowling, British literature has had a profound impact on the world.One of the key aspects of British literature is its ability to reflect the social, political, and economic conditions of the time in which it was written. For example, the works of Charles Dickens, such as "Oliver Twist" and "Great Expectations," provide a vivid portrayal of the hardships faced by the lower classes during the Industrial Revolution. These novels not only entertained readers but also shed light on the injustices prevalent in society, sparking discussions and calls for reform.Furthermore, British literature has contributed significantly to the development of the English language. Many commonly used phrases and idioms have originated from British literary works. For instance, phrases like "break the ice" and "beyond the shadow of a doubt" can be traced back to British literature. These expressions have become an integral part of the English language, used by peopleall over the world in their everyday conversations.Moreover, British literature has had a lasting impact on popular culture. The characters and stories from British novels and plays have been adapted into films, television shows, and even video games. For example, the "Harry Potter" series by J.K. Rowling has not only captivated readers but has also spawned a successful film franchise and theme park attractions. The influence of British literature on popular culture is undeniable, as it continues to inspire and entertain audiences globally.In conclusion, British literature holds great significance in the world of literature and beyond. Its ability to reflect societal issues, shape the Englishlanguage, and influence popular culture makes it an invaluable part of human history.中文：英国文学的意义是巨大的，因为它在塑造英国的文化和历史身份方面起着至关重要的作用。
英国小说英文作文范文
英国小说英文作文范文I’ve always been a huge fan of British novels. The way those writers capture the essence of everyday life is just so captivating. From the bustling streets of London to the serene countryside, there’s always something so enchanting about the settings of these novels.The characters in British novels are always so well-developed. They have their flaws and quirks, just like real people. It’s easy to relate to them and become emotionally invested in their stories. Whether it’s a loveable protagonist or a despicable villain, these characters always leave a lasting impression.One thing I love about British novels is the dry, witty humor that’s often woven into the dialogue. It’s so quintessentially British, and it never fails to bring a smile to my face. The banter between characters is always so entertaining, and it adds another layer of depth to the storytelling.Of course, I can’t talk about British novels without mentioning the rich, descriptive language that’s often used. The way these writers paint a picture with words is truly remarkable. It’s like being transported to another time and place, and I find myself completely immersed inthe world they’ve created.The themes explored in British novels are oftenthought-provoking and relev ant. Whether it’s social issues, family dynamics, or the human condition, these novels never shy away from tackling complex subjects. It’s refreshingto read stories that make me reflect on the world around me.The endings of British novels always leave me feeling a mix of emotions. Sometimes they’re bittersweet, sometimes they’re hopeful, but they always leave me with a sense of fulfillment. It’s like saying goodbye to old friends, andI can’t help but feel a little nostalgic as I turn thefinal page.In conclusion, British novels have a special place inmy heart. The vivid settings, well-rounded characters,witty humor, descriptive language, thought-provoking themes, and emotional endings all come together to create stories that stay with me long after I’ve finished reading.。
Samuel Richardson 英国文学小论文
A Brief Analysis of Samuel RichardsonI. His Life and Literary AchievementSamuel Richardson(1659-1761), was well-behaved boy when young,his school nickname being “Seriousness and Gravity”. Alought his parents hoped he would be a priest, financial problems forced him to be an appentice to a printer and he did very well, then he married tmaster’s daughter, gradually rose to be one of the most prestigues printers in London. Unfortunately, ten years later,his wift dead following the death of five children.In1733, he remarried and had four surviving children.Richardson had received only a limited education, but it was not blocked hid writing career. As a printer, Richardson published some political writing, such as the Tory periodial, The True Britain, the newspaper Daily Journal, and Daily Gazeleevc(1738), and six volumes of the Journal of the House of Commons. Therefore, he had early developed a passion for letter writing. At age of 13, he used to be called on to write live letters for young women. This exprience gave him some insight into the secrets of the femalehood and considerable fluency in writing letters. By accident, he wrote his first novel in fifty ,invited by two booseller to compile for them “a litte volume of letter, in a common style, on such s ubjects as might be use to those country readers who were unable to indite for themselves.” Some of these letters were for young girls in order to instruct them how to avoid the snares that might be laid against their virtue. As result, he wirte a long tale——Pamela, or Virtue Rewarded which was a huge success. Consequently, he wrote Pamela II, which was not as warmly received as Part One by the reading public. After the failures of the Pamela sequels, Richardson began to compose a new novel. By 1747-8 his masterpiece Clarissa was published in installment, and at that time he was in poor health. This novel was regarded as the first tragic novel in English literary history, and gave Richardson the position of the greatest epistolary novelist in the world. He died in 1761 in his early seventies, and was burie d in St. Bride’s Church, London near his first wife MarthaII. His WorksA. PamelaThe story is told in a series of letters from the heroine, Pamela Andrews, a young girl from poor family. However, she was treated well by her mistress, unfortunately the prelude of this story was the kind lady’s death. The lady’s son, Mr.B., taking a dishonourable advantage of her position, pursues her with obstinacy, but sheindignantly refused him. When her parents knew thei r daughter’s dangerous situation, they urged her go home soon, finanlly those letters intercepted by Mr.B. Then Mr.B. resorted to all kinds of tricks to get what he wanted of the girl, including taking her off from his country house to his still more lonely estate. But in the end, Mr.B. was moved and educated by her letters, an admiration gradually deep-rooted in his heart. Finally B. is compelled to come to terms and proposed to Pamela. Then they get married.Pamela became a “best-seller”of the day. It was a new thing in three ways: First, it discarded the “improbable and mavellous” accomplishments of the former heroic romances, and pictured the life and love of ordinary people. Secondly, its intention was to afford not merely entertainment but also moral instruction. Thirdly, it described not only the sayings and doings of the character but also their secret thoughts and feelings. It was, in fact, the first English psycho-analytical novel.B. Clarissa, the History of a Young LadyThis novel contains altoghter more than 590 letters of two correspondencelines, one between Clarissa and her bosom friend Anne Howe, and the other between Lovelace and his rake friend Belford. It is a tragic story about a youngest daughter of a wealth family, struggle with her father ang brother to avoid marriage to the vilian Mr.Soames. Then she run away from home under the help of her debauchery lover Lovelace. No sooner is she upon the road with him than he makes her suffer suffer every abuse in his power from which she is unable to free herself. She resists all his advances, though abandoned by her family and housed by Lovelace in a brothel. Despairing of winning her love, Lovelace drugs and rapes her. After that, she steadily refused the marriage he offers when Lovelace found his true heart to Clarissa. She wastes away until she dies when her family realised the misery they have caused ,but it was too late. Lovelace is killed in a duel by her cousin.In art, the work developed a model in epistolary novels with complex psychological characters. It won an immediate popularity in Europe as well as in England. Samuel Johnson also speak highly of this novel, he said “If you were to read Richardson for the story, your impatience would be so much fretted that you would hang yourself. But you must read him for the sentiment, and consider the story as only giving occasion to the senti oment.” It is also the one of the longest novels in the English language.III. Some CommentsRichardson’s novels were very popular in his time. His last novel, The History of Sir Charles Grandison, appeared in 1753-4. His works, along with those of Defoe and Fielding, are widely considered to be the best works in English literature. Although he has been accused of being sentimental in novel wirting, his emphasis on detail, his psychological insights into women, and his dramatic technique have earned him a prominent place among English novelists. Richardson received great fame for his novel wirting and had many admirers and followers. Richarson fell out of favour of thr readers in 19th century and it was not untill mid-20th century when the psychological novel became fashionable that Richardson was re-evaluated and recognised as one of the two fountain heads of the modern English novel. He heralded the later psychological novelists such as Goerge Eliot, Herny James, Virginia Woolf and James Joyce.Works Cited:1. 刘炳善. A Short History of English Literature(New Revised & Enlarged Edition) . Zhengzhou: The Peoples Press of Hunnan, 2006.2. 刘意青，刘炅. A Brief History of English Literature. Peking: Foreign Language Teaching and Research Press, 2008.3. 李正栓. A Course of British and American Literarure(British Literature). Peking: Science Press，2009.4. 李小鹿. 克拉丽莎的狂欢化特点研究.北京大学出版社, 2007.5. /wiki/Samuel_Richardson6. /wiki/Clarissa。
英国文学英语作文
英国文学英语作文British literature is a rich and diverse field, with a long history of producing some of the world's most celebrated works. From the timeless classics of William Shakespeare to the modern masterpieces of authors like J.K. Rowling, British literature has something to offer forevery reader.One of the most famous periods in British literature is the Romantic era, which produced iconic works such as Mary Shelley's "Frankenstein" and William Wordsworth's poetry. This period was characterized by a focus on emotion, nature, and the individual, and its influence can still be seen in literature today.In addition to the Romantic era, British literature has also seen the rise of important movements such as Modernism and Postmodernism. These movements brought about new waysof thinking about literature and art, and their impact can be felt in the work of authors like Virginia Woolf andSalman Rushdie.Of course, it's impossible to talk about British literature without mentioning the impact of the British Empire. The literature of this period often reflects the experiences of colonialism and its effects on both the colonizers and the colonized. Authors like Joseph Conrad and Rudyard Kipling grappled with these themes in their work, creating powerful and thought-provoking literature.In more recent years, British literature has continued to evolve and change, with authors from diverse backgrounds bringing new perspectives and voices to the literary scene. Writers like Zadie Smith and Kazuo Ishiguro have received international acclaim for their work, and their contributions have helped to shape the future of British literature.Overall, British literature is a vibrant and dynamic field that has had a profound impact on the world of literature. From its classic works to its contemporaryvoices, British literature continues to inspire and captivate readers around the globe.。
了解英国文学的英语作文
了解英国文学的英语作文British literature is a treasure trove of literary masterpieces that have captivated readers for centuries. From the works of William Shakespeare to the modern-day novels of J.K. Rowling, British literature encompasses a wide range of genres and styles. The richness and diversity of British literature are evident in the various themes and characters portrayed in these literary works.One of the most prominent features of Britishliterature is its exploration of human emotions and the complexities of human nature. Characters in British literature often grapple with inner conflicts and struggle to find their place in the world. This exploration of the human psyche adds depth and realism to the stories, making them relatable to readers from all walks of life.Another characteristic of British literature is its keen observation of society and its critique of social norms and conventions. Many British authors have used theirworks as a platform to comment on the political and social issues of their time. From George Orwell's dystopian novel "1984" to Charles Dickens' portrayal of the harsh realities of Victorian society in "Oliver Twist," British literature has served as a mirror to society, reflecting its flaws and inspiring change.British literature is also known for its wit and humor. From the witty banter of Shakespeare's comedies to the satirical novels of Jane Austen, British authors have a knack for using humor to entertain and engage readers. This light-heartedness provides a welcome respite from the sometimes heavy themes explored in these works.In addition to its exploration of human nature,critique of society, and use of humor, British literatureis also characterized by its rich language and poetic imagery. British authors have a way with words, using vivid descriptions and powerful metaphors to create a sensory experience for readers. Whether it's the haunting beauty of the moors in Emily Bronte's "Wuthering Heights" or the enchanting world of Narnia in C.S. Lewis' "The Chroniclesof Narnia," British literature transports readers todifferent worlds through its evocative language.In conclusion, British literature is a vibrant and diverse body of work that continues to captivate readers around the world. Its exploration of human emotions,critique of society, use of humor, and rich language makeit a treasure trove of literary gems. Whether you're a fanof classic literature or contemporary novels, British literature offers something for everyone. So pick up a book, immerse yourself in the world of British literature, andlet your imagination soar.。
关于《简爱》全英文论文
On Analysis of Jane’s Love View（简析简的爱情观）摘要《简爱》是英国文学史上的一部经典传世之作，它成功地塑造了英国文学史中第一个对爱情、生活、社会以及宗教都采取了独立自主的积极进取态度和敢于斗争、敢于争取自由平等地位的女性形象。
简是一个意志坚强，追求独立，敢于反对封建礼教，敢于抵制封建宗教的压迫与束缚的女孩。
正是因为简的独特而高尚的性格特点深深的吸引了罗切斯特，而简爱上罗切斯特并不是因为他的财富，身份地位，而是他的才华。
简追求的是纯洁而特别的爱情，在简的眼里，爱情就是爱情，与金钱，身份，地位毫无关系。
即使自己是一个地位低下的家庭教师，而罗切斯特却是一个有身份，地位的贵族，但是简并没有因为这些因素放弃对罗切斯特的爱，爱了就爱了，后来一场大火毁了罗切斯特的一切，他不再是那个拥有一切的完美的人，而是一个落魄的残疾人，但是让我们钦佩的是简却选择了与罗切斯特同甘共苦。
就这样简谱写了一段美好的爱情，她向我们诠释了什么是真爱，她让我们明白了爱情的真谛。
关键词:简.爱，坚强，独立，反抗的精神，纯洁的爱ABSTRACTJane Eyre is a classic literature masterpieces in the history of English, as it shaped the history of English literature, as it the first taken on love, life, social and religious independent proactive attitude.It dare to struggle, fight for freedom and pursue the equality of status of the female .Jane is a girl who has strong will and pursue independence, she is a woman who against feudal ethics and resist the feudal oppression bravely. It is because of Jane’s special and noble character that attract s Robert’s deeply, while Jane falls in love with Robert not because of his wealth, and social status, but his talent. Jane pursues pure and special love, in Jane’s eyes, love is love, and it has nothing to do with wealth, social status which he has. Though she is a tutor with low status, while Robert is a man with noble status, Jane does not give up her love because of all of these elements. Later, a fire ruin everything of Robert, he lose most of his glamour which many girls are longing for, he is a disabled man with nothing, however, what makes our admire is that Jane choose to share ups and downs with Robert. In her life, Jane composes a beautiful love, which shows to us what true love is, and makes us know the true meaning of love.Keywords: Jane Eyre,Strong, independent, Rebellious spirit, pure love1.IntroductionJane Eyre is a classic literature masterpieces of Charlotte Bronte’s of the British in the 19th century. Jane Eyre is widely acknowledged that it is a biography of poetic portrayal of Charlotte Bronte “poetic portrayal”, which is an autobiographical work.It is a story which an orphaned of British woman who suffer from all kinds of hardships, constantly pursuit of freedom and dignity, adhere to herself, and ultimately get happiness.As we know, Jane pursues a noble love. In her eyes ,love itself is love, it has nothing with money, power and status. She is humble, but she can attract all thepeople with her own unique qualities. In the today's world, people are crazy about money and status seems rather drown love. In their most people would choose the rich rather than the poor Few people would choose true love and give up everything without any hesitation. Jane makes us believe, as a women who has an independent personality and self-esteem, self-love, self-reliance, even if she is a wild lily, she also have their own pride. Jane simple love set us an example to inspire modern people pursue the true love. So in Jane Eyre, love is pure and great.2. A brief introduction of the author and background.2.1 A brief introduction of the authorCharlotte Bronte(1816-1854) was born on April 21 1816, third of the six children of Patrick Bronte. The major event of her young life was the death of her mother in 1821, which created a lot of chaos. In 1824, Charlotte and her two older sisters, Maria and Elizabeth, were sent to the newly-opened Cowan Bridge Clergy Daughters' School. Conditions there were bad even by the standards of the time, and it was not long before both Maria and Elizabeth became ill enough to be sent home, where they both died of consumption in the spring of1825. Patrick brought Charlotte and her younger sister Emily, who had recently joined them at the school, back home as soon as the other girls became ill, but Charlotte in particular never forgot what the school had been like.Charlotte's next adventure was going to school in Brussels with Emily in 1842. Charlotte's time there was brief, less than two years, but it led to her eventual writing of Villette beginning in 1852.Back home, Charlotte lapsed into chronic unemployment and severe hypochondria, actually thinking she was going blind, just like her father was. In 1846 the three sisters published a book of Poems, and though sales were very slow, the reviews weregood and spurred on further literary endeavors. Charlotte's novel of this time, The Professor, was actually rather bad, suffering from a less-than believable main character. In August of 1846 Charlotte began work on Jane Eyre. Though it was published in 1847, Charlotte didn't tell her father about it until the next year, when the novel's success was plain. Jane Eyre is a classic literature masterpieces of Charlotte Bronte’s of the British in the 19th century.2.2 Background“Jane Eyre is a classical work produced in Victorian time by Charlotte Bronte. This novel has attracted widely attention and discussions for over 150 years after its publishment”. 张伯香.英美文学选读.[M] 外语教学与研究出版社1999年版. On the surface, Jane Eyre is a love story about a poor young woman Jane Eyre and a rich man Mr. Rochester. But when we read it carefully, we can find out much deeper connotation, and we can understand that this work is not only a simple love story, but also reflects some social situations. Especially was the problem of the relationship between women and the traditional morality in Victorian time. In this novel, Bronte expresses strong dissatisfaction for females’ unequal social status, and Jane Eyre was her own embodiment to resist the oppression of the social traditional morality and to break the ag e’s fetter. And this novel also reflects that at that time, women have been already realized they should struggle for their independence of spirit and equal rights on many aspects in the social life. This thesis according to expounding the females’ situati ons under the traditional morality in Victorian age and the analysis of heroine’s behavior and thinking which broke the traditional morality at that time in Jane Eyre, to find the appearance of feminine consciousness and the demands of women for having equal social status like men in society and getting independence of life and spirit. Jane Eyre is a famous work written by Charlotte Bronte, and this novel was published in 1847 and became an immediate success. This thesis will research the “unwomanly” character of the heroine under the Victorian traditional morality. ”胡珊珊Analysis of Jane Eyre Purpose and Significance of study[J]2010 第四期All ofJane’s behaviors showed her difference from traditional morality. In such a period, a little girl struggled for h er equal rights in her guardian’s family, a student made efforts to improve the living condition of school, a young governess pursued her real love and refused the proposal of the man she did not love. All of these behaviors disobeyed the traditional moral ity in Victorian age. She broke the model of “angel in the house” throughout her life. Her “unwomanly” character was also showed obviously.3. The love view of Jane from following perspectives3.1 The analysis of Jane’s Love View from Jane’s independent charactersWhen Jane was a litter girl, she was so unlucky and depended on others. she had no friend, whatever she did, she just do it by herself. So she built up independent character on everything from her young age. Mrs.Reed did not allow her children to associate with Jane, so, she had ever said：“They are not fit to associate with me” These words is the best illustrated fact that she is an independent girl in her inner world, including love. Jane pursues happiness, looking forward to get happiness and achieve the true love. In her inner world, she wishes that she can communicate with others’ sincerity, not rather than rely on others to love or belong to others. She has her own soul. She wants to control the master of her spirit, stick to her own personality dignity.When Mrs Fairfax knew that Jane and Rochester had fallen in love and prepared to get married, Mrs Fairfax thinks its unbelievable, she just says some words：“he has Do you belive him? Have you accept him? Mrs Fairfax looked at me bewildered I could have thought it He is a proud man all Rochesters were proud : and his father at least, liked money. After a later Mrs Fairfax repeated :‘Equality of position and fortune is often advisable in such cases, and there are twenty years of difference in yourages .He might almost be your father’”. 《简爱》p388-389 From Mrs Fairfax’s words, it is easy to know that Jane and Rochester is not match. Their love would not have a good result because of the difference of the position and status. But Jane give me a sur prise with her answer,she said: “No, indeed , he is nothing like my father! No one, who saw us together, would suppose it for an instant.” 《简爱》p390. From m Mrs Jane’s words, it is easy to know that Jane never care their positions, ages and status. In his eyes, she and Rochester, they are equal, they love each other so deeply. She believe that their love will be last forever.So, no matter what happened, Jane always live independently. Later, she met her cousin, St. John. St. John hopes that Jane should marry him, and help him to finish the religious career and god’s mission. Because there is no love between them. So Jane refuses St. John.She needs truly love,not mission. In England, religion always plays a very important role.But Jane was able to break the shackles of religion, and pursue the independent love and independent world. So we have to say, Jane was an independent girl. Unfortunately, everything is not always smooth sail. When Jane knew that Rochester had got married, At that moment, she said:“Mr Roc hester I must leave you, I must leave you. I must part with you for my whole life. I must begin a new existence among strange faces and strange scenes”.《简爱》p449 From Jane’s these words, we know that true love just belong to two people, it not contain the third person to share their love. Even though Jane loves Rochester so much.But at last, she would rather choose to give up. Because Jane pursue love which is a kind of independent love, not become someone else’s shadow. we can easily know from Jane’s leavin g that Jane advocates independence of love, pursue the independent personality dignity. “However, I could not help ask that only this step can prove that does Jane is a independent girl. I don’t think so, after all, female independence needs a great courag e, it is a long and complex course.” 张颖刘妍胡珊珊浅析《简爱》中的女性主义精神[J] 2011 第十期It needs more courage to give up loves. I think it is the most important step to gain free and independence. Jane’s independent love had become theclassical example of independent female. So I hope this world would appear many Janes. No matter she is rich or poor, I hope they can live strongly and independently.3.2 The analysis of Jane’s Love View form her Strong-willedJane was a weak and short girl, but she has a strong heart and soul. she has no mony, position, and status. But sha has extremely personal temperament and very rich emotional world. After the temper of life, she abandoned the natural weak of female and cowardice which belongs to many females. Then Jane developed the strong and independent personal characters gradually. When she was a young girl, she lived with her aunt. They treated Jane badly, they often brings force on her. But Jane never willing to accept any insult, instead struggling to them try her best. Even though the result are not satisfactory, but she never give up sticking to her own opinion. When Jane leaves her aunt’s home and comes into school, Mr. Brocklehursts said:“this girl, this child, the native of a Christian land, worse than many a little heathen who says its prayers to Brahma and kneels before Juggernaut -- this girl is --a big lairs!” 简爱P92 Facing the cold and cruel of Mr. Brocklehursts, Jane has no feeling of fear, instead Jane calmly accepted it. She developed the strong, self-esteem, and independent personal characters through a series of unlucky things. Which arouse her infinite courages and indomitable spirits. She did not lose hope. Instead, she becomes strong and independent to face the irregularly scheduled unlucky things. Even though she never lose personal pure characters.“ Jane clearly knew that she had no beautiful appearance and noble position and status, so she must study hard. She try her best to study all courses, including music,French and art. She clearly knew, as a person, you can have no beautiful appearance, many many money, noble position and status, but you can not have no personal ideas and personal dignity.李佳欣杨柳论<简爱>所诠释的独特女性人格魅力[J] 2012 第三期In her aunt’s home, in order to maintain her dignity, even she resisted aunt’s opinions or fight with her cousin. All of her actions are the best illustrated fact that she is an independent and strong girl in herinner world.After reading Jane Eyre, she choose to be resolute when suffering from maltreat and insult.I appreciated J ane’s strong and independent personal characters and self-esteem which shows in facing the noble and elegant person and upper class. All people loved the spirits of self-esteem and strong of Jane when she fell into love. All people admired her courage of leaving Mr Rochester because she was unwilling to be a love puppet. All people appreciated her brave personal character, in order to find truly love, she climbed the hills and went across the rivers to find Mr Rochester. Which find in who dare to could put themself in danger in order to find truly love. At Thornfield, she was not feel Self-abasement because of she profession on the contrary, she thinks they are equal. Mr Rochester was infatuated with her and love her deeply from his inner heart. Mr Rochester rather likes Jane’s elf-esteem, independent and strong personal characters.“Her character attracts so many reader, so many women regard her as an example ” 张颖刘妍胡珊珊自卑：简爱鲜明的人格特征.[J] 2011 第十期In other words, there is no Jane’s elf-esteem, independent and strong personal characters, there is no the pure and special love between Jane and Rochester.3.3 The analysis of Jane’s Love View from Rebellious spirit of Jane The Rebellious spirit of Jane is natural. When Jane was a litter girl, she lives with her aunt who was very hate her, so they treat badly to her, even screw and beat her. So rebellion came naturally to her heart, when facing unfair treatment which comes from her cousin and her aunt.“After so many unfair treatment She never feel scare and intend to retreat. Instead, she chooses to resist”.谭蒙革.简爱女性独立形象分析.[J] 2011年. 第5期Jane had ever said：“I was conscious that a moment’s mutiny had already rendered me liable to strange penalties, and , like any other rebel slave, I felt resolved, in my desperation, to go all lengths.” 刘丽一个时代的女性呐喊与追求[J] 2009 第十期From these words, we know that the revolt has become mainstream in her character, a person want to get freedom, firstly, he must have awareness ofresistance. “After the end of each resistance, my mind had a sense of satisfaction before never appear, a sense of victory began to expand, rising, as if an invisible shackles broke free, finally struggling to slightly have always dreamed of freedom hall.” 刘丽一个时代的女性呐喊与追求[J] 2009 第十期This time I remembered, the real world is a vast field, where people are encouraged to break the resistance. And Jane is such a person. Jane’s consciousness of resistance grow with increasing age when she was a child. She resist injustice and oppression of her aunt and cousins, in schools, in order to prove that she was not a lair,she debated openly with schoolmaster. When she knows Rochester had married, she refused to Rochester’s request without any hesitation. W hen St John wants to possess Jane through the guise of religion, she openly refused St. John’s on behalf of the British religious faction. Jane did these simply searching freedom, for pursuing true love, she oppose religious bondage and control without hesitation.Jane is not a gentlewomen from the aesthetic standards of social lady, but the readers and Mr Rochester love her because of her spirit revolt and the constant pursuit of freedom and equality.“The charm is a very rich vocabulary, a woman was praised the charm, it is apparently much more abundant than simply admire her beauty.”《浅析<简爱>主人公的性格魅力》However，the indomitable character of Jane, the goodness, the pursuit of freedom, the pursuit of true love character of Jane made her become an attractive and charm woman.4. The analysis of Jane’s special and pure love view4.1Love itself is love, it is not relate to religionIn Victorian period of England, critical realism had been on the stage of history, but religion still played a very important role. However, Jane was able to break the traditional ideas of feudalism. She thinks that religion is faith, and it is elusive. As shethought the psalm in the Bible is very boring. She once had such a conversation with headmaster Mr. Brocklehurst before she went to school. From her words, we can draw a conclusion that Jane was against to religion, which can be proved that Jane was not under the influence of England religion. It also can say she dares to struggle change with religion and the word. Later, Jane met her cousin that she never met before, St. John who is a typical representative of traditional literati, with religion as his life career, and live to accomplish the mission of god to live. When he need assistant, Jane appears. So an idea strikes to his mind, namely, he wants Jane to stay with his as a helper, and help him to complete the mission of god. When St.John told this idea to Jane, Jane hesitates because of her kindness. Jane is respect St. John, so she did not want to hurt him. But she also cannot marry to him, she did not want such a result because she did not love John. So Jane was determined to be his helper instead of his wife, but St. John said, ：“A part of me you must become”P605.《简爱》Actually St John just wants to possess Jane through the guise of religion so that he has ignoring other’s feeling, and ignored Jane’s idea about love. Jane once said to John.“ I scorn your idea of love, I scorn the counterfeit sentiment you offer：yes St John, and I scorn you when you offer it ”. Finally, Jane refuses John’s request without hesitation and starts to look for her true lo ve. “Because the different opinion of Love I think Jane has refused not only the John's request, but also refused the repression of the feudal moral. Jane, with a thin body and lower identity, in order to seek her own love, she is willing to struggle with feudalism.”于秋谭.简论女性意识在简爱中的体现.[J] 文学评论.2002年第4期. No matter how many difficulties and obstacles she must face, it can not stop her confidence and courage to pursue true love. It's enough to see that how noble and pure the Jane’s love view is, nothing can sto p her to find the pace of love in her heart.4.2 Love itself is love, it is not related to money, power and status. In Jane Eyre, the authors suggests that the basis of marriage is love, not material,money and so on. The failure of the first marriage of Rochester had proved that marriage was not base on material,money and status. And a true love is not depend on any external factors, which are not subject.It just say that Jane get married for love, not because of the material and other factors betray her love. As we all known, Jane is in pursuit of a noble love. In her eyes, love itself is love, it have nothing to do with money, power, and status. In her eyes, love is in each other's heart and it is soul communication. Even though Jane just was a ordinary tutor, but she never give up her love. She thought everyone is equal, everyone has rights to get the true love. When Jane and Rochester decided to get married, Rochester brings Jane to the town, to bought gold and silver jewelry, but it is not make Jane happy, on the contrary, Jane hate these. “Oh sir1—never mind jewels !I don’t like to hear them spoken of. Jewels for Jane Eyre sounds unnatural and strange: I would rather not have them”.From her words , We knows that Jane was not like other woman, who likes to wear jewelry.P381《简爱》Since I had read Jane Eyre,I also dumped for Jane. Like her in high position than her in front of the so-called high society people show the kind of supercilious attitude . Like her in the face of love showed that self-esteem self-improvement of the spirit, I can not help but sigh in the distance she progressed fort he age two hundreds, How many girls have the courage to say not to a beloved and rich man? Jane can be! In her eyes constantly with a kind of independent personality grandeur and noble!Do you think, I am a poor obscure, plain and little, I am soulless and heartless? You think wrong! I have as much as you and full as much heat! Each time reading Jane Eyre, I will shock by these words. This is a strong sense of self-release, a sad overarching overcome all overriding intertwined with love force. Form her behaviors and words can show everyone has right to pursue one of their own love. She was not beautiful, humble, but attracting all the people with their own unique qualities. Female and male is equal, only an independent and self-release that did she could get respect, love,and happiness. Rochester would not love Jane if she had not noblepersonality. Jane Eyre is the idol of women generation in that period, her shadow is released into the atmosphere around us, so many people regarded her as a criterion, we all can live the confident and magnanimous, we all can find our true happiness along the fate are given clues.In the today's world, people are crazy about money and status. Choosing rich between the poor and the rich, choosing not love between love and not love. Few people would choose true love and give up everything without any hesitation. Maybe when people have nothing but money, they will go to the pursuit of “true love”. Maybe simplify getting back to basics. Perfusing some truth and warmth in the pursuing true love.It should be regarded as a beautiful life. Please spun off from the hustle and bustle of the glitz of the secular, stop and carefully read of Jane Eyre, and communicating with the soul of Jane Eyre. Jane Eyre is a fairy tale, she makes us believe, as a women who has an independent personality and self-esteem, self-love, self-reliance, even if she is a wild lily, she also have their own pride. Jane slightly love set us an example to inspire modern people pursue the true love.5. ConclusionThe appears of Jane Eyre was a sensation the literary world of the 19th century, with its irresistible beauty it has attracted thousands of readers, it has an irrepressible urge to drive people to pick up this book, along with deeply moved,and soul thrilled. Jane Eyre shows to us a simple love which is a return to nature, without taking into account the feelings of the pros and cons .It is like as a glass of ice water which can clean the mind of every reader.Through research and analysis of Jane Eyre, I learned that she is a strong, independent, girls and she dare to pursue the true love. Her special and noble concept of love set an example for us, in her eyes, love is the exchange of two hearts and souls, love is not controlled by external factors. Her love encourage us to pursue freedom, equality, rue love bravely. And at the same time she was able to help us to understand the true meaning of love.AcknowledgementMy greatest debt, both intellectual and personal, is to my supervisor Song fengli and Lu yuna With their inspiration and encouragement, they has led me into this amazing scientific field. Without they instruction, my career would have been radically different; and this work would obviously have not appeared. Mrs. Song has supported with sage advice, heartfelt encouragement and has recommended me some papers and dissertations which has saved me considerable amount of time and effort in doing such a job. I am deeply indebted to Mrs. Song for her enlightening instructions, critical comments, and especially his kindness and patience in examination my work in detail.I am also grateful to all the teachers in English department. Thanks to my dear classmates and roommates for their sincere help and friendship during my stay at Xing Yi Normal University for Nationalities.My heartfelt thanks go to my families for their persistent support and encouragement through the years.References1、夏洛蒂.勃朗特.简爱. [M] 世界图书出版公司 2008 年版.2、张伯香.英美文学选读.[M] 外语教学与研究出版社1999年版.3、谭蒙革.简爱女性独立形象分析.[J] 2011年. 第5期4、刘丽一个时代的女性呐喊与追求 [J] 2009 第十期5、张颖刘妍胡珊珊自卑：简爱鲜明的人格特征.[J] 2011 第十期6、于秋谭.简论女性意识在简爱中的体现.[J] 文学评论.2002年第4期7、胡珊珊Analysis of Jane Eyre Purpose and Significance of study [J]2010 第四期8、李佳欣杨柳论<简爱>所诠释的独特女性人格魅力 [J] 2012 第三期9、张颖刘妍胡珊珊浅析《简爱》中的女性主义精神 [J] 2011 第十期。
对英国文学的思考英文作文
对英国文学的思考英文作文英文：When it comes to British literature, there are so many great works to choose from. From Shakespeare to Jane Austen, from Charles Dickens to Virginia Woolf, the list goes onand on. As someone who loves to read, I find British literature to be particularly fascinating. There's just something about the way the British write that draws me in.One thing that I appreciate about British literature is the way it often explores complex themes and issues. For example, in Jane Austen's Pride and Prejudice, she delves into the societal expectations and gender roles of her time. In Virginia Woolf's Mrs. Dalloway, she examines the effects of war and trauma on the human psyche. These works are not just entertaining stories, but they also make me think and reflect on the world around me.Another aspect of British literature that I enjoy isthe use of language. British writers have a way with words that is both elegant and powerful. Take Shakespeare for example. His plays are full of memorable quotes and phrases that have become part of our everyday language. Even modern British writers, like J.K. Rowling, have a way of crafting sentences that are both witty and insightful.Overall, British literature is a treasure trove of great works that have stood the test of time. They not only entertain, but also challenge and inspire readers.中文：谈到英国文学，有太多伟大的作品可供选择。
学期论文范本英国文学
A Study of the Marriage Between Elizabeth andDarcy in Pride and Prejudice班级：：学号：ContentPart1 Introduction of Jane Austen1.1 Jane Austen's background1.2 Jane Austen's marriage experience and her view of marriage Part2 Analysis of Elizabeth and Darcy's characters2.1 Analysis of Elizabeth's characters2.2 Analysis of Darcy's charactersPart3 Marriage between Elizabeth and Darcy3.1 A happy marriage between Elizabeth and Darcy3.2 A successful and ideal marriage between Elizabeth and Darcy Part4 ConclusionAbstractThe marriage between Elizabeth and Darcy is the most appreciable one in Pride and Prejudice. Some of their characters make conflicts and also to some extent promote their understanding between each other. For example, Darcy's pride make conflict with Elizabeth's prejudice, in other words, her rebellious character. However, Darcy's integrity and Elizabeth's witty observations and her intelligence helped to resolve the contradictions and release those misunderstandings. The first part of this essay is to give some introduction of the author, Jane Austen to have a better understanding of her background and her view of marriage. The second part is to analysis some characters of Elizabeth and Darcy respectively to identify the two character. The third part of the essay is to analyze the happy successful and ideal marriage between Elizabeth and Darcy. Finally, there will be a conclusion of the essay.Part1 Introduction of Jane Austen1.1 Jane Austen's backgroundJane Austen was born in a village in Hampshire, 1775. Her father was a rector. She was the second daughter and seventh child in a family owning eight child. The first 25 years of her life Austen spent in Hampshire. She was educated at home with her sisters. Her parents were good readers and she received a broader education. In comparison to many women of her time, she was better educated than ordinary people. Her life was very quietly, cheerfully, and she did small domestic duties at home.In her adult life, Britain was at war with France. At that period of time, there were a lot of injuries caused by the war. Her brothers, Frank and Charles served in the Royal Navy. On one hand, they brought some wealth and honor. On the other hand, they were in constant danger. Woman's choices were severely limited at that time. Marriage was not just a problem of love, what is more, it was also a problem of money and one's social status.As it was described in the first chapter of Pride and Prejudice, “It is a truth universally acknowledged that a single man in possession of a good fortune must be in want of a wife”, women owned no property at that period of time and marriage was the only way for women to gain social status and recognition.1.2 Jane Austen's marriage experience and her view of marriageJane Austen did not marry in her whole life. Jane Austen's father would like Austen to marry a rich man. However, Jane fell in love with a young lawyer who owned just a little asset. Therefore, his father disagreed with their marriage and required that lawyer come back to his hometown and did not allow the two to meet with each other. Finally, that lawyer married with another woman and Jane Austen chose to be unmarried in all her life.Her own experience influenced her view of marriage to some extent. In Jane Austen's view, marriage should be based on both love and economic condition, but love plays a more significant role between the both. At that time, she thought it is wrong to marry for money, but at the same time it is unwise to marry without money. Therefore the most ideal marriage is to marry based on both love and economy in her heart. The marriage between Elizabeth and Darcy is just what Jane Austen thought the most successful and ideal marriage.Part2 Analysis of Elizabeth and Darcy's characters2.1 Analysis of Elizabeth's charactersIn Pride and Prejudice, Elizabeth appeared as a unique girl who was rebellious and brave with sharp intelligence and witty observation. She is outstanding and she is totally different from other women around her. She dares to speak as well as act. She is determined and strong-minded. Shewill do anything she thinks right rather than do everything according to social norms.For example, when Mr. Collins made a proposal to her, she did not just obey her mother's willing and she followed her own heart to speak against the ridiculous proposal. She refused Mr. Collins directly, “I am very sensible of of the honor of your proposals, but it is impossible for me to do otherwise than decline them.” She is definitely brave and believes in love, she want to find a man she really loves but not just accept the engagement for family will. She was straight-forward to refuse him, after all, as far as herself concerned, it was absolutely impossible for her to accept such an engagement. Her feelings in every respect forbid it, so she was brave enough to decline the no love involved proposal directly without hesitation. Her rebellion also represented in the conversation with Lady Catherine de Bourgh. As Lady Catherine was considered as a noble image of the high status, nearly all people flattered her deliberately with hypocrisy. However, as for Lady Catherine's air of ungracious, insolent and disagreeable, especially her sarcasm, Elizabeth brave enough to against it. When Catherine came to Elizabeth’s home to blame her because of her engagement with her nephew Darcy, she had taken courage to negotiate with Lady Catherine. We all know in that period of time, there were social ranks in the society, however, she does not feel inferior to others. Instead, she is confident enough to rebel the socialstereotype. She challenge the authority, “But you are not entitled to know mine; nor will such behavior as this ever induce me to be explicit.”In response to Lady Catherine-the one represents authority, she didn’t give up but to involve and against as her own will.2.2 Analysis of Darcy's charactersThere is no doubt that Darcy was pride of himself because of his identity and he was differentiate himself from others. At the ball, from the conversation between Darcy and Binley revealed this character, “I certainly shall not, you know how I detest it, unless I am particularly acquainted with my partner. As such an assembly as this, it would be insupportable. Your sisters are engaged, and there is not another woman in the room whom it would not be a punishment to me to stand up with.” We can see how pride was he for actually there were many pretty girls in the ball, however, he just ignore them and even thought to dance with them was even a punishment for him. When Binley recommended Elizabeth as his partner, he despised with mock that she is tolerable, but not handsome enough to tempt him. What is more, he would not to invite those young ladies who were slighted by other men. He attached too much importance of himself. His pride made a bad impression for Elizabeth when they met in the first time.However, he was also a man of integrity. He would like to express himself in a direct way rather than hide his sincere feeling. He did notlike other common people who would like to convey their feelings in an indirect way. When Darcy Elizabeth and Bingley talk about the writing style, they have the following co nversation. Bingley said, “My ideas flow so rapidly that I have no time to express them by which means my letters sometimes convey no ideas at all to my correspondents”. He says those words to express his humility. But at that time Darcy says, “Nothing is more deceitful than the appearance of humility. It is often only carelessness of opinion, and sometimes an indirect boast”. He was a true friend with integrity and he did not conceal his real feeling. We may see that he is a true friend.What is more, at his first proposal to Elizabeth, he did not say any flattered words, he expressed all his opinion about her family and his true love for her sincerely. When Elizabeth was playing piano, as he ever said to Elizabeth, “I certainly have not the talent which s ome people possess of conversing easily with those I have never seen before. I cannot catch their tone of conversation, or appear interested in their concerns, as I often see done.” He did not hide his flaw and talked with Elizabeth faithfully. It is the character of integrity helped to melt the misunderstanding between them later which finally lead to their happy marriage.Part3 Marriage between Elizabeth and Darcy3.1 A happy marriage between Elizabeth and DarcyThe marriage between Elizabeth and Darcy was a happy ending because their marriage was based on sincere love. Darcy was attracted by Elizabeth’s cheerful and lovely characters as time went by although at the first sight he thought she was just tolerable. However, Elizabeth believed in what others said about Mr. Darcy, her prejudice arose the misunderstood between them. However, Darcy’s integrity shorts their distance of their heart. He told Elizabeth his feeling, then Elizabeth made reflection of her former judgment with her calm intelligence.Actually, it was not just one side that could make the wonderful marriage, it was their love really does matter. A true love is the one that can still reserve entirely although there were many misunderstandings before, just like the marriage between Darcy and Elizabeth. They married each other on equal terms after breaking each other’s pride and prejudice.The true happy marriage is based on love and sense, the two major characters fell in love with sense, therefore, their love was a wonderful happy marriage.3.2 A successful and ideal marriage between Elizabeth and DarcyThe marriage between Darcy and Elizabeth was a successful marriage in view of two aspects. Materially, Darcy was a rich man who own a large sum of money. At that period of time, a really true love isbased on both economy and love. The marriage between Darcy and Elizabeth in basis of money and love is the kind of marriage that can last longer in view of people.Spiritually, the two both pursuit sincere love not based on the social limitations. Elizabeth is intelligent and witty but with the tendency to judge on her first impression. Supposing she did not overcome her prejudice, there would not be such an ideal marriage. Elizabeth and Darcy’s relationship is ultimately decided when Darcy overcomes his pride with sincere love, and Elizabeth overcomes her prejudice, then, they both fall in love with each other. It seems that everything is best arranged.What is more, as far as the Jane Austen concerned, the marriage was a great success combined the two factors mentioned above. Marriage based merely on money, property and and social status is not perfect, and it is very stupid; On the contrary, marriage based on love without economical foundation seems imperfect, after all, money is to some extent a necessity for our lives. However, the marriage between Darcy and Elizabeth become a successful one, or in other words, an ideal one because their marriage made up and fulfilled what Jane Austen had not achieved in her real life-the marriage with a man who loves her and she loves him base on economy admitted by her family,Part4 ConclusionIn Pride and Prejudice, the marriage between Elizabeth and Darcy is. . . ... .very interesting. Their love is the happy and successful one from the former analysis of the two major role’s character. They have some similar characters, and to some extent their characters are relatively complemented. Elizabeth was a rebellious and brave girl, who was also intelligent and wit. Her sharp and lovely character made conflict with Darcy's characters of pride and at same time it became the most attractive point for Darcy. We may find out the two have some similar characters to some extent which finally make them attract each other and they fell in love.It seems that their marriage is admirable but also it is ideal. Their marriage was the most worthwhile to appreciate in Pride and Prejudice, however it is the kind of marriage based on love and economy that is most hard to achieve in our really life..s . ..。
英语论文_英国文学大卫科波菲尔
ContentsAbstract (i)摘要 (ii)Introduction (1)I. Brief Introduction to Charles Dickens (2)1.1 Charles Dickens’ Miserable Childhood (2)1.2 Charles Dickens’ Adult hood (3)II．General Characteristics of David Copperfield (3)2.1 Weakness and Immaturity of Child David Copperfield (4)2.1.1 Weakness of David Copperfield (4)2.1.2 Immaturity of David Copperfield (5)2.2 Kindness of David Copperfield (5)2.3 Stability and Maturity of Adult David Copperfield (6)III. Several Main Characters’ impact on David Copperfield (7)3.1 Murdstone and Steerforth (8)3.2 Miss Betsey Trotwood and Peggotty (9)3.3 Dora and Agnes (10)Conclusion (11)Bibliography......................................................................... 错误!未定义书签。
Acknowledgements................................................................ 错误!未定义书签。
AbstractDavid Copperfield, an autobiographical novel, is well known as the representative work of Charles Dickens, the greatest novelist in the Victorian period. Written in the first person, the novel depicts a broad picture of the soci ety of Dickens’ times with his uncommon life experience. David Copperfield i s also Dickens’ own favorite work. In writing, Dickens throws into this novel his thought, deep feelings and much of his own experience in his childhood. Meanwhile, Dickens in some way retrospects and draws a conclusion to his life and expresses his life attitude and moral ideal. Furthermore, his novel also discloses the faulty mask of capitalist society and its strong desire and greed for money. It is safe to say that David Copperfield is one of the most excellent characters created by Dickens. The paper first briefly introduces the author Dickens, and then undertakes a detailed study of the characteristics of David Copperfield through the analysis of the influence of the people on him. The paper intends to make a preliminary explanation of it. The paper bases its outline on the development of David Copperfield, i.e. from his childhood to his adulthood. The analysis of the characteristics of David Copperfield will provide us a chance to see the features of the capitalist society and give us some inspiration about life.Key words:David Copperfield;characteristics; life experience摘要《大卫•科波菲尔》是英国维多利亚时期最杰出的批判现实主义作家查尔斯•狄更斯的自传体小说。
英国文学英文作文
英国文学英文作文英文：As a fan of British literature, I find it fascinating to explore the different eras and styles of writing that have emerged from this rich literary tradition. From the epic poems of Beowulf and Sir Gawain and the Green Knight to the modern works of Ian McEwan and Zadie Smith, British literature has something to offer for everyone.One of my favorite periods in British literature is the Romantic era, which spanned from the late 18th to early19th century. This was a time when writers like William Wordsworth, Samuel Taylor Coleridge, and Lord Byron rebelled against the strict literary conventions of the time and focused on individualism, emotion, and the beauty of nature. Their works, such as Wordsworth's "I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud" and Coleridge's "Kubla Khan," have had a lasting impact on literature and continue to be studied and appreciated today.Another aspect of British literature that I find intriguing is the use of regional dialects and slang. For example, in Irvine Welsh's novel Trainspotting, the characters speak in Scottish dialect, which adds to the authenticity and realism of the story. Similarly, inCharles Dickens' novels, the use of Cockney slang and other regional dialects helps to create a sense of place andsocial class.中文：作为英国文学的粉丝，我发现探索这个丰富的文学传统中出现的不同时代和写作风格是非常有趣的。
英国小说英文作文
英国小说英文作文英文：When it comes to British novels, there are so many great works to choose from. Personally, I am a big fan of Jane Austen's novels, such as Pride and Prejudice and Sense and Sensibility. I love the way she portrays the social norms and expectations of the time period, while also creating complex and relatable characters.Another British author that I enjoy is Charles Dickens. His novels, like Great Expectations and Oliver Twist, are known for their vivid descriptions of Victorian England and their commentary on social issues of the time. I appreciate how he uses his writing to shed light on the injustices and inequalities of society.In terms of more modern British literature, I highly recommend Kazuo Ishiguro's novels. His works, like The Remains of the Day and Never Let Me Go, are beautifullywritten and explore themes of memory, identity, and the human condition.中文：谈到英国小说，有很多经典之作可供选择。
英国文学的意义英文作文
英国文学的意义英文作文British literature holds immense significance in the world of literature. It has a rich history and a diverse range of authors, genres, and themes. In this essay, I will explore the significance of British literature and its impact on the world.Firstly, British literature has played a crucial rolein shaping the English language. Many of the words and phrases commonly used today originated from British literature. For example, Shakespeare's plays introducedover 1,700 new words to the English language. This has helped to establish English as a global language, making it easier for people from different countries to communicate with each other.Secondly, British literature has contributedsignificantly to the development of various literary genres. From the epic poems of Beowulf to the contemporary novelsof Zadie Smith, British literature has produced a widerange of works that have influenced the literary world. Many of these works have been adapted into films, plays and other forms of media, reaching a wider audience and cementing their place in popular culture.Thirdly, British literature has been instrumental in shaping the political and social landscape of Britain. Many works of literature have addressed issues such as class, gender, race, and sexuality, providing a platform for marginalized voices to be heard. Literature has also been used as a tool for political activism, with authors such as George Orwell and Virginia Woolf using their works to challenge the status quo and advocate for change.Finally, British literature has had a significant impact on the world as a whole. It has been translated into numerous languages and has been widely read and studied across the globe. Many authors from other countries have been influenced by British literature, and have incorporated its themes, styles, and techniques into their own works.In conclusion, British literature has played a vital role in shaping the literary, linguistic, political and social landscape of Britain and the world. Its impact can be seen in the language we use, the stories we tell, and the way we view the world. British literature continues to inspire and influence new generations of writers, ensuring its enduring significance in the world of literature.。
英国文学论文——傲慢与偏见
Book Report on Pride and PrejudiceAbstract: Jane Austen (1775-1817), whose novels are highly prized not only for light irony, humor, and depiction of contemporary English country life, but also for their underlying serious qualities. Pride and Prejudice has shaped Elizabeth, an intelligent, quick-witted, sensible and brave female image.Key words: summary; Elizabeth; character; writing stylePride and Prejudice is one of the most popular novels of Jane Austen, whose works of romantic fiction have earned her a place as one of the most widely read and most beloved writers in English literature. And no doubt her Pride and Prejudice is a shining pearl be cherished forever.The novel is about the Bennet family and set in 18th century England. The Bennet family consists of Mr. and Mrs. Bennet and their five unmarried daughters. At that time, we know that a poor woman must marry a wealthy husband to have luxurious lives. That’s why Mrs. Bennet is so excited about the coming of Mr. Bingley, a wealthy young gentleman. To help all her daughters get married is the most important thing of her life.Elizabeth is the second daughter in the Bennet family, and Mr. Darcy is unpopular because of his extremely aloof and proud attitude and is generally thought to be very disagreeable. This two is the main part of the novel. However, Darcy finds he has been attracted not only by Elizabeth’s physical beauty, but also by her sharp intelligence and witty observations gradually. He proposes marriage to her but isrefused. Later Elizabeth finds how foolish she was when she knew the truth about everything Darcy did for her family. The series of events which they both experience give them the opportunities to understand one another and the time to reconcile their feelings for each other, for the pride and prejudice. Finally, they are together.Throughout the book, I love Elizabeth most. She is outstanding and totally different from other women around her. She dares to speak as well as act. In addition, no flattering to the rich. She is like a red rose, beautiful with throne. Actually she is the main heroine in the novel. Sensible, intelligent, humorous, has sharp mind and her own mind. From the beginning of the novel, we know that Mr. Bennet adores his Elizabeth more, because “she has something more of quickness than her sisters”. Though she is young and having been confined in the rural society, Elizabeth always has deep insight and watch things from her knowledge, which makes her distinctive. Also we cannot neglect her conversations are full of wit and humor. Her language is very concise and penetrating, especially in her dialogues with Darcy. It’s interesting to read their talks, which is like a “battle”but in a wit and intelligent way. Here is a description:"Oh!" said she, "I heard you before; but I could not immediately determinewhat to say in reply. You wanted me, I know, to say "Yes," that you mighthave the pleasure of despising my taste; but I always delight inoverthrowing those kind of schemes, and cheating a person of theirpremeditated contempt. I have therefore made up my mind to tell you that Ido not want to dance a reel at all -- and now despise me if you dare."This passage perfectly demonstrates Elizabeth is quick-witted and sensible. Her sense and skillful words come from her ability to use knowledge as well as her self-confidence. It is the inner beauty of Elizabeth that has attracted Darcy rather than her appearance.She is definitely brave and believes in love, she want to find a man she really loves. It is a precious character of Elizabeth I appreciate. She is determined and strong-minded, and she will do anything she thinks right rather than do everything according to social norms. She shows her mock towards some social rules. When Mr. Collins tells Elizabeth he wants to marry her so that she can take possession of her father’s legacies, and it’s good for both sides. Without hesitating, Elizabeth refuses him immediately. It’s beyond imagination at that time, especially under the pressure of her mother and the family house. I think the strongest rebellion Elizabeth has made against the social custom is that she marries Darcy despite that her family background is inferior to Darcy’s. Elizabeth and Darcy’s marriage is not admitted by the social norms. When Catherine comes to Elizabeth’s home to blame her for the engagement with her nephew Darcy, she is brave enough to negotiate with her. In the hierarchical society, she does not feel inferior. Instead, she is confidant and brilliant. We know in Jane Austen’s soc iety, obedience is supposed to be the most important virtue of a woman. In a male-dominating society, women are supposed to behave like Jane in Pride and Prejudice, who is gentle, mild, pleasing and obedient. Women are imprisoned and constrained by the dominant ideologies of womanhood, and they are restrained in expressing their passion or telling the feelings about their experience.Men do not want women to have independent characters, because once women become spirit-independent and powerful, they will threat the social structure in which men are masters of everything.Jane Austen’s capability of writing subtle discrimination and her shrewd perceptiveness are showed in Pride and Prejudice; she is able to convey such a complex message using a simple and witty style. The e first sentence of the novel: "It is a truth universally acknowledged, that a single man in possession of a good fortune, must be in want of a wife." In this statement, Austen has declared that the main subject of the novel will be courtship and marriage, and then she has established the humorous tone of the novel by taking a simple subject and she has told the reader that in the novel, either a husband in search of a wife, or a woman in pursuit of a husband. And the sentence also defines Austen's book as a piece of literature that connects itself to the 18th century period. Pride and Prejudice is 18th century because of the emphasis on man in his social environment rather than in his individual conditions. The use of satire and wit is a common form of 18th century literature, also make it belongs to18th century.Jane Austen’s writing is from the experience of her own life, so she can describe a picture of life of her time vividly with her forceful insight and gentle wit. She is skillful in the interesting plot and quick-witted language of the novel, she also presents her attitude toward the society which seriously discriminates against women. Her attitude is ironic and critical. Elizabeth represents her to revolt against the tradition and convention, so we must aware that Jane Austen is one of thechallengers of the male dominant tradition in the awakening of feminist consciousness.Works Cited:Edward Corpland & Juliet Mcmaster, The Cambridge Companion to Jane Austen, 上海：Shanghai Foreign Language Education Press, 2001.Susan M. Shaw and Janet Lee, Women’s V oices, Feminist Visions, California: Mayfield Publishing Company, 2001.。
英国文学小论文
Name:Student No.Class:Course Name:Date & YearAn Eye on the Narrative Style in Wuthering HeightsWuthering Heights,the only novel by Emily Brontë, is one which tells the story of a whole lot of characters living in the place named “Wuthering Heights”. Mr. Heathcliff is the key character of the whole plot and the novel itself shares the themes of love and revenge.For me, the most impressive thing that interests me when reading through this novel is about its unique narrative style of delivering the whole story. In the following paragraphs, I would like to present some of my understanding of this issue.Unlike the general narrative style, the plot development in Wuthering Heights started in a flashback, then with the commonly familiar order of sequence in the main chapters and the final of the novel corresponds with the beginning chapters.The first three chapters are shown from Lockwood’s view in his visitto Wuthering Heights. In the very beginning of chapter four, Mr. Lockwood heard the family story from Zillah, the housewife living in Wuthering Heights, who said the following words, “Oh, I’ll turn the talk on my landlord’s family!” and after that she began to trace back the history of Heathcliff’s family story.It seems to readers that the whole story was presented by what Mr. Lockwood, an outsider heard in his stay in Wuthering Heights. But the problem is that he does not have any direct links with Heathcliff’s life at all. So why does the author use this way to narrate the whole story?Personally, I think that, although the author might create such a figure like Lockwood with the original intention of making the plot more attractive and readable when she wrote this novel, the readers may still feel there is some possibility left that in doing so some mysteries are left about the main characters. Since it was story based on what Lockwood heard and told us, what he told us may not be reliable. Many critics have considered Lockwood as an unreliable narrator.However, speaking of the topic of the unreliable narrator, Mr. Lockwood might not be alone. For example, the plot relating to Heathcliff’s and Catherine’s breaking into Thrushcross Grange at night was described the combination of the words of three figures, who are Heathcliff, Nelly and Catherine at the same time. Each of them told the story from their own perspective and stance. Therefore, with so muchnarrators of one plot, the readers will get lost and confused with what the real truth was. Since there were three narrators expressing in a personal way, it might seem that these three narrators can all be unreliable in their delivered messages. At this point, the readers might have to compare their different versions of the plot and turn to their own imagination in order to seek to find what really happened to the figures.Another example that can show the complexity of narrative style in this novel is when Nelly read the letters of Isabella in which she mentioned that she received dishonorable and brutal treatment after marriage. Readers might believe what was told in the letters by Isabella herself when reading the novel. Yet, it is still possible that what Isabella told in her letters was subjective and filled with her emotional feelings or even her creation of words of the contents of the letters. If considered this way, readers can also regard Isabella as an unreliable narrator. Readers may be suspicious of Isabella’s words about her life after the marriage and what were the real conditions in her life remained mysterious.The above paragraphs focus mostly on the different examples in proof of the unreliable narrators found in the plot. It will be better if we try to relate the narrative style to the characteristics of Heathcliff’s personality embodied in this novel.Throughout the story, Heathcliff spoke little except when he expressed his affection towards Catherine. In most cases, the image thereaders get of him is highly based upon the descriptive words from other narrators. Even some of his actions and psychological movements were explained by Nelly and other characters. As most of the narrators can be unreliable ones, the image of Heathcliff is not convincing enough to truly reveal his inward world. Or we may say that the author did not give equal chance to Heathcliff to express his own ideas. Therefore, the cold-hearted image of Heathcliff is mostly due to the narrative feature of this novel and that image might be fixed by these narrators.From what have been carefully discussed above, we may safely draw the conclusion that the unique use of narrative style in Wuthering Heights lies in the existence of numbers of unreliable narrators and it is also these narrators that make it difficult for readers to reveal and understand the true personality of Heathcliff as the main character of the whole novel.。
介绍英国文学的英语作文
An Introduction to English LiteratureEnglish literature, spanning centuries of rich history and diverse cultural influences, is a vast and vibrant field that has produced numerous iconic works and influential authors. From the earliest epic poems to modern-day novels and plays, English literature has always been a reflection of the times, capturing the essence of human experience and emotion.The early ages of English literature saw the emergence of epic poems such as Beowulf, a story that exemplifies the virtues of bravery, loyalty, and sacrifice. The medieval period was marked by the development of chivalric romances and religious poetry, reflecting the values and beliefs of the time.The Renaissance brought about a significant shift in English literature, introducing the concept of humanism and emphasizing the importance of the individual. Shakespeare, often regarded as the greatest English writer, emerged during this period, producing a vast array of plays and poems that are still widely studied and performed today. His works, such as Hamlet, Romeo and Juliet, and Macbeth, explore themes of love, revenge, and the complexities of human nature.The 18th century was a period of enlightenment and rationality, reflected in the works of authors such as Jane Austen and Charles Dickens. Austen's novels, such as Pride and Prejudice and Emma, focus on the lives of the upper classes, exploring themes of social class, love, and marriage. Dickens, on the other hand, was a social critic whose works, such as Oliver Twist and A Tale of Two Cities, expose the injustices and inequalities of society.The 20th century saw a further diversification of English literature, with the emergence of modernism, postmodernism, and other literary movements. Authors such as Virginia Woolf, James Joyce, and T.S. Eliot experimented with new forms of expression, exploring themes of consciousness, memory, and the role of the individual in society.Today, English literature continues to evolve and expand, with new voices and perspectives emerging from all corners of the globe. From contemporary novelists such as Zadie Smith and Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie to poets like Seamus Heaney and Carol Ann Duffy, English literature remains a vibrant and relevant field that continues to captivate the imaginations of readers around the world.。
英国文学英文论文,拜伦
英国文学英文论文,拜伦A comparative study on Byronic Hero andBritish Pirates: Conrad and SparrowAbstract: The Great Britain has always been a seafaring nation. After the crushing of Invincible Armada of Spain, the country took over the sea and evolved into an empire on ocean. When it comes to voyage, people will think of pirates. As a matter of fact, there’re plenty of literary works concerning pirates in British literature history, including The Corsair and Treasure Island; meanwhile, some popular films and novels are bear on pirates, like Pirates of the Caribbean. In Byron’s works, characters have distinctive images and critics name them “Byronic Heroes”, which has a deep influence on later literature works. This paper analyses the similarity and differences on two typical characters Corsair Conrad and Jack Sparrow from The Corsair and Pirates of the Caribbean and explores the influence of the artistic image “Byronic hero” on later works of lite rary and cinematic.Key words: Pirates, Conrad, Jack Sparrow, Byronic heroA comparative study on British Pirates:Corsair Conrad and Jack Sparrow1.Introduction1.1 An Introduction to The Corsair and “Byronic Hero”.1.1.1 George Gordon Byron and the Verse The CorsairLord Byron is regarded as one of the greatest British poets. And he remains widely read and influential in contemporary times. He travelled all over Europe especially in Italy where he lived for seven years and then joined the Greek War of Independence fighting the Ottoman Empire, for which Greeks revere him as a national hero. He died at age 36 from a fevercontracted. Byron is often described as the most flamboyant and notorious of his Romantics. He lived a celebrated life but also castigated in life for his aristocratic lifestyle, including huge debts, numerous love affairs with more than one gender and rumors of affection with his half-sister.Byron’s image as the personification of the Byronic hero fascinated the public. His wife Annabella coined the term "Byromania" to refer to the commotion surrounding him. (On the trail of the real Lord Byron, P3)The Corsair is a tale in verse by Lord Byron published in 1814, which was extremely popular and influential in its day. It sold ten thousand copies on its first day of sale and remains popular in contemporary time. The poetry is divided into cantos, and it narrates the story of the pirate, corsair Conrad. The story tells how he was in his youth rejected by society and his later fight against humanity. The poem also has good female characters and it was not a common way of writing at that time. In this tale the figure of Byronic hero is presented by the point of view of the people.1.1.2 “Byronic Hero”The Byronic hero is the image of the Romantic hero as a type of character, named after the English Romantic poet Lord Byron. Both Byron's life and writings were considered to embody it.The Byronic hero first appears in Byron's semi-autobiographical epic narrativepoem Childe Harold's Pilgrimage, and was described by the historian Lord Macaulay as "a man proud, moody, cynical, with defiance on his brow, and misery in his heart, a scorner of his kind, implacable in revenge, yet capable of deep and strong affection". (Romantic Affinities: Portraits From an Age, P201)Specifically speaking, Byronic Hero refers to a series image of the rebels with individualism in Byron’s works especially in the Oriental Narrative Poem, which are branded on ideas of Byron's personality. These rebels are outstanding but stand up to struggle against the power of the country, the social order and religious moral for personal reasons, whose struggle without clear purposes. They have the pursuit of individual freedom but often shut themselves in the loneliness and pride, always struggling but ended in failure. Considering human sorrow, they are all enthusiastic, brave, strong, proud and lonely. They do not hesitate to fight the fate, but finally ended in failure and even death. They are all tragic aloof rebel with excellent talent and great power, who having no chance to put to good use in the corrupt society. For wasting their talents and the feelings, they feel in despair and feel painful for their inaction.The Byronic hero presents an idealized, but flawed character whose attributes include: great talent; great passion; a distaste for society and social institutions; a lack of respect for rank and privilege (although possessing both); being thwarted in love by social constraint or death; rebellion; exile; an unsavory secret past; arrogance; overconfidence or lack of foresight; and, ultimately, a self-destructive manner. These types of characters have since become ubiquitous in literature and politics.The figure of the Byronic hero is pervasive in much of Byron’s work. Like Conrad in The Corsair, Harold in Child Harold's Pilgrimage and Manfred in Manfred. “Scholars have traced the literary history of the Byronic hero from John Milton, and many authors and artists of the Romantic movement show Byron's influence during the 19th century and beyond, including Charlotte and Emily Bront?.”(Romantic Affinities: Portraits Froman Age, P203)1.2 An Introduction to the Film Pirates of the CaribbeanPirates of the Caribbean are film series of fantasy and high box office. They are produced by Jerry Bruckheimer and based on Walt Disney's theme park ride of the same name. It is also a Walt Disney Company franchise theme park attractions, and spin-off novels as well as numerous video games and other media publications. The franchise originated with the Pirates of the Caribbean theme ride attraction, which opened at Disneyland in 1967, the last Disney theme park attraction overseen by Walt Disney. Disney based the ride on pirate legends and folklore. As of August 2006, Pirates of the Caribbean attractions can be found at four Disney theme parks. Their related films have grossed almost US$ 5.4 billion worldwide as of 2013.The films are stories following the adventures of Captain Jack Sparrow, Captain Barbossa, Joshamee Gibbs, Will Turner, and Elizabeth Swann. The films take place in a world ruled largely by British Empire and the East India Company, who aim to annihilate all the pirates while the pirates representing freedom from the ruling powers. There is an original trilogy (rates of the Caribbean: The Curse of the Black Pearl, Pirates of the Caribbean: Dead Man's Chest, Pirates of the Caribbean: At World's End) and some Stand-alone sequels (Pirates of the Caribbean: On Stranger Tides, Pirates of the Caribbean: Dead Men Tell No Tales).2. Comparison of Conrad and Sparrow2.1 Corsair Conrad, the Tragic HeroThe hero of the The Corsair, Conrad, is a wild lonely generous man, who is upset with a sort of mysterious iniquity but without repentance and the mood of terror, he continue the pillage and killing for earning his life. Although there are one hundredsamples of the evil on him, he has one special virtue: the deep love to lovers Medora. He said that how he loved his lover is the same degree as how he hated other people because if he loved other people, he would not be able to concentrate all of himself to love his lover. This kind of strong love to the fullest is exactly how he devoted to his lover. In fear of losing his love, he set up a tall tower to settle his lover on an island cliff top then crossed the sea to fight against government troops following him. He failed and to be the captive. Fortunately, the enemy’s slave helps him to escape from the prison. However, the slave called Gunale, fell in love with him. He was preserved by her love and cannot go as soon as possible. Finally he gave Gunale a kiss and went back without a hesitation. Unfortunately, when he arrived the tower settling his lover, his lover Medora have already been suicide. Dispirited and despaired, he left all his possessions, subordinates and boats then went away.This sad but pure love story inflects Conrad fighting against the decayed society. Alone fighting with the destiny, he pursuits the freedom both himself and for his love. However, it is impossible at that time. Through the image of Conrad, author wanted to express the fighting spirit alone in the society.2.2 The Incalculable Captain Jack SparrowJack Sparrow is a trickster who uses wit and deceit to attain his goals, preferring to end disputes verbally instead of by force. He walks with a slightly drunken swagger and has slurred speech and flailing hand gestures. He is shrewd, calculating, and eccentric. He fools Commodore Norrington and his entire crew to set sail on the royal ship Interceptor, which compels the admiration of Lieutenant Groves as he concedes: "That's got to be the best pirate I have ever seen". Norrington himselfacquiesces to this praise: "So it would seem", in sharp contrast to what he had previously proclaimed: "You are without doubt the worst pirate I have ever heard of".In combat, Sparrow is a skilled swordsman, but he uses his superior intelligence to his advantage during fights, exploiting his environment to turn the tables on his foes rather than relying purely on his skill with a sword. Jack usually prefers the strategies of non-violent negotiations and turning his enemies against each other, reasoning "Why fight when you can negotiate? All one needs is the proper leverage." He will invoke parley and tempt his enemies away from their murderous intentions, encouraging them to see the bigger picture, as he does when he persuades Barbossa to delay returning to mortal form so he can battle the British Royal Navy.Sparrow also has bad personal hygiene, a trait of Pepé Le Pew. Verbinski describedSparrow's breath as very foul. Sparrow knocks Will off his ship simply by huffing at him. Lastly, Sparrow has an insatiable thirst for rum, which can confuse his magic compass as to what he wants most. According to his criminal record on the At World's End website, he even sacked a shipment of rum to quench his thirst.2.3 Other Typical Characters of “Byronic Hero”The image of Harold in Child Harold's Pilgrimage is another typical Byronic Hero. He is proud and indifferent, dissolute unruly and deep hatred to upper-class. However, He is also enthusiastic with the struggles, concerning the fate and future of people and had a dreaming of to be a hero. In people’s point of view, he is a real hero.The hero Manfred in Manfred is also a heroic figure and atypical Byronic hero. He lived in the Alps Mountain alone the prime of life. But he shall not have quiet state of mind no matter what he did. He steeped in science, but also can't see happiness from the knowledge. He has ever had such a feeling, “The tree of kno wledge is not t he tree of life.” Finally he was world-weary and died. His spirit and inner struggle made him a hero.2.4Reflection of “Byronic Hero” on Jack SparrowByron’s writing was influenced in some degree by Milton. The main character Satan in Milto n’s Paradise Lost was Byron’s main fascination. Satan is the true hero of the story, yet he is portrayed as a rebel. Other inspirations of Byron’s Byronic hero were the protagonists of gothic novels as well as Napoleon Bonaparte, who was a highly controversial figure. These inspirations helped assist Byron to develop one of the most eminent literary types of all times.“Byronic Hero” is usually distinguished by a certain set of qualities or character traits, which separate him from other dominant character types. These traits include isolation from society, rebellious nature, moodiness, arrogance and self-confidence, cynicism, self-destruction, sophistication and intellect, social and sexual dominance, self-criticism, introspection, and magnetic charisma. Through these traits the Byronichero is established.Jack Sparrow is in character for most traits of “Byronic Hero”. Firstly, He is an outcast of the society, a pirate. And at first he even lost his own identity as he had no idea of his birth and parents. He is a lonely man who brooded over his past and indulged in self-criticism, and he behaved in a reckless manner which got him in all sorts of trouble. Some of his friendsabandoned him, for his selfish and arrogant characteristic.Secondly, Jack Sparrow is intelligent and sophisticated in his pirating affairs. He has the principle to become a pirate, as well as a Capitan of the ship. He had chance to become to become the leader of Pirate World. But he gave up the chance to save his subordinates. He may seem dishonest and breaks promises all the time. But he will never regret some promises he made. Something he thought to be significant and meaningful.Finally, Jack Sparrow has the most “Byronic” quality: the defiance of institutional authority. This quality can be respected by most individuals because rebels are always viewed as powerful people whether they are respected or not. Capitan Jack is always viewed as a powerful being although at the same time he is sometimes respected and sometimes frowned upon. However, for the Byronic hero his internal morals are more important than the external morals imposed by society. Having a tough exterior keeps him viewed differently by people while his internal code is not often seen by others, only by himself.However, it is the qualities of an unpredictable and controversial persona that made Capitan Jack Sparrow a full character and is liked by film fans all over the world.3.The Impact of “Byronic hero” on Later Works3.1 Heathcliff in Wuthering Heights“Byronic Hero”has a deep influence on Victorian literature. Emily Bronte’s character Heathcliff is a perfect example of an outcast in the beginning of Wuthering Heights. Heathcliff shows flawed characteristics which make the reader believe he is a misfit. He does not speak, he growls; and he does not smile, he grins. Heathcliff is an orphan, who has been cast out from his prior family. When Mr. Earnshaw takes Heathcliff in, his status isdeemed less of an outcast, but then Mr. Earnshaw dies and his son Hindley treats Heathcliff like a servant. Hindley banishes Heathcliff to the servant's quarters. This leaves Heathcliff to become a wanderer; he searches for time with Catherine, but due to external forces such as Hindley, he has a hard time not being an outcast. The Byronic hero is usually tormented by his past. However, Heathcliff’s past transgressions can be redeemed by his love for Catherine, who can bring out the best in him. This combination of positive and negative traits produces an effect desired by readers as they then can recognize themselves in the Byronic hero. Heathcliff is outcast from Catherine due to external traits helping him possess characteristics to be a Byronic hero.3.2 Rochester in Jane EyreAs a manifestation of the Byronic hero, Rochester’s lif e is under a veil of mystery, and his secret past and ambiguous present add suspense to the story Wuthering Heights. Rochester is depicted as a relentless man who cannot settle down at Thornfield and is constantly on the move. He is always in the sulks and finds difficulty in communicating with the outside world. Even though Edward Rochester does not have a particularly handsome appearance and lacks courteousness, he wins Jane’s heart.Rochester was not withstanding his higher financial and social status in comparison with Jane’s, for all women were seen as inferior and subordinate to men in the Victorian epoch. However, on the intellectual level Edward and Jane were equals. This is especially vivid in the scene where Jane hears Rochester’s voice at an enormous distance and runs to save him from misery. The reciprocal telepathybetween them reiterates the gothic clichéof superhumancapacities of two superior minds. However, Rochester deserves moral blame, for he conceals his marriage to Bertha Mason and is th us morally inferior to Jane. Charlotte Bronte’s character Rochester possesses many characteristics of the Byronic hero; not only is he a protagonist, but he is flawed.4.ConclusionByron provided modern literature with a type of character that evolved through time and pervaded our collective unconsciousness and captured our imaginations. “Byronic hero” is a series image of people, who was not satisfied with the reality but cannot find the bright way to change the reality. Through their struggles, Byron showed the uncompromising spirit of revolting against society and his loneliness. Byron is confused and oscillated about the society. The entire hero in Byron’s works mentioned above re flects the characteristics of Byron so that they are called “Byronic hero”.“Byronic hero” has contradictoriness in their thoughts and characters. On the one hand, they owned a hot heart for the life. With the full passion, they purchased their own happiness and the romantic love story. On the other hand, they looked down upon the social institution at that time. As for the evil reality, they swore to revenge on the evil, so they are mutineer and avenger. They had no frequent connection with others and lived alone. They preferred to go extremely way: either extremely love or extremely hate. Their thoughts are based on the individualism and liberalism so that they are always alone in the battle without clear aim and fail in the end.“Byronic hero” is not only the product of the contradiction of the individual and society, but also the artist reflection of Byron’s inner world. It is the onslau ght to the British federalorder and the bourgeoisie order at that time when such kind of image arose one by one, which has progressive significance. However, their individualism, anarchism and pessimistic mood will give negative effects on readers.References[1] Paimer, Lorrie. The Byronic hero in film. fiction and television. Journal of Popular film & Television, 2006[2] Wootton, Sarah. The changing faces of the Byronic hero in Middlemarch and north and south. Romanticism, 2008[3] Nielsen, Wendy C. Byron and place: History, translation, nostalgia-The Byronic hero in film, fiction and television. Keats-Shelley Journal, 2006[4] Poole, Gabriele. The Byronic hero, theatricality and Leadership, The Byron Journal, 2010.[5] Blake, Charlotte. Mad, Bad and Dangerous to Know: The Byronic Hero. Webster’s Digital Services, 2011[8] Bostridge, Mark. On the trail of the real Lord Byron. London: The Independent on Sunday, 2008.[9]Blackstone, Bernard.Byron and Johnson: The Dialectics of Temerity. Journal of European Studies, 1980[10] Johnston, M.S. Book Review: Byron, the Bible, and Religion: Essays from the Twelfth International Byron Seminar. Christianity & Literature, 1992[11] Bronte, Emily. Wuthering Heights. London: Palgrave Macmillan, 2005[14] 蒋承勇. “拜伦式英雄”与“超人”原型——拜伦文化价值论. [J]外国文学研究,2010。
英国小说主题作文英语作文
英国小说主题作文英语作文Title: Themes in British Literature。
British literature is renowned for its rich diversity of themes that explore various aspects of human existence, society, and culture. From the classics of the Victorian era to contemporary works, English literature has provided profound insights into the human condition. In this essay, we will delve into some of the prominent themes found in British novels, ranging from social critique to existential exploration.1. Social Class and Inequality: One of the most prevalent themes in British literature is the exploration of social class and its implications on individuals and society. Novels like Charles Dickens' "Great Expectations" and Emily Brontë's "Wuthering Heights" vividly portray the stark divides between different social classes and the struggles faced by characters from disadvantaged backgrounds. Through their narratives, these authors shedlight on the injustices and prejudices prevalent in society, sparking conversations about social reform and equality.2. Love and Relationships: Another recurring theme in British literature is the exploration of love and relationships in all their complexities. From thepassionate romance in Jane Austen's "Pride and Prejudice"to the tragic love story in Thomas Hardy's "Tess of thed'Urbervilles," authors have depicted the joys and sorrowsof human connection. These novels often delve into themesof betrayal, loyalty, and the societal constraints that shape romantic relationships, offering readers a glimpseinto the intricacies of the heart.3. Identity and Self-Discovery: Many British novels explore the journey of self-discovery and the quest for identity amidst societal expectations and pressures. For instance, in Charlotte Brontë's "Jane Eyre," theprotagonist navigates through various challenges to assert her independence and find her place in the world. Similarly, in Kazuo Ishiguro's "Never Let Me Go," the characters grapple with questions of identity and purpose in adystopian society that dictates their destinies. These novels delve deep into the human psyche, examining the complexities of selfhood and the search for meaning in a chaotic world.4. Colonialism and Postcolonialism: British literature also reflects the country's colonial past and its aftermath, exploring themes of imperialism, cultural clash, and the legacy of colonialism. Novels like Joseph Conrad's "Heartof Darkness" and Chinua Achebe's "Things Fall Apart" offer contrasting perspectives on the impact of colonialism on both colonizers and the colonized. Through these narratives, authors confront issues of power, exploitation, andcultural identity, prompting readers to reconsider their understanding of history and its repercussions.5. War and Conflict: Many British novels grapple withthe horrors of war and its profound effects on individuals and society. From the trenches of World War I depicted in Erich Maria Remarque's "All Quiet on the Western Front" to the psychological aftermath of war in Pat Barker's "Regeneration," these novels offer poignant insights intothe human cost of conflict. Through their vivid portrayals of war's brutality and futility, authors provoke reflection on the nature of violence, sacrifice, and the resilience of the human spirit.In conclusion, British literature encompasses a wide range of themes that reflect the complexities of the human experience. Whether exploring issues of social injustice, love and relationships, identity, colonialism, or war, these novels continue to resonate with readers across generations, offering timeless insights into the human condition. Through their narratives, British authors have enriched our understanding of ourselves and the world we inhabit, leaving an indelible mark on the literary landscape.。
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Term PaperBritish Literature Thesis： A Brief Analysis of Bacon’s Of Study College：The College of the Foreign Languages Major：EnglishName：Bao Junxiao Class Number:0611 Lecturer：Jiang YujiaoTime：2015-01Scores:ContentsAbstract (3)1. Introduction (4)2. Background (4)3. Current situation of study in the UK (5)4. Structure of Of Studies (6)4.1 The functions of study (6)4.2 The methods of study (7)4.2.1 Experience (7)4.2.2 Application/obersavation (7)4.2.3 Attitudes towards different books (8)4.2.4 Studies without reading (8)4.2.5 Selaction of books (8)4.3 The benefits of reading (9)5. Conclusion (10)Work Cited (11)Brief Analysis of Bacon’s Of StudyBao JunxiaoAbstract: Of studies is a prose written by Francis Bacon 400 years ago to explore studies bacon wrote 400 years. It is also a well-known masterpiece which is famous for its directness, terseness and forcefulness. Its focus rests on the importance of studying knowledge in terms of its practical application towards the individual. This paper aims to make an analysis of this masterpiece from structure and topic.Key words: study, knowledge1. IntroductionOne can not extend the length of his life, no matter how rich he is, no matter how strong he is. However, the width and thickness of life can be unlimitedly expanded and extended. The best way to realize it is to study. So how to gain eternal life in learning has been a hot topic which we must face."Knowledge is power" comes from Francis Bacon. It is universally acknowledged that Francis Bacon(1561-1626) is a celebrated politician, philosopher and master of language in Great Britain. He devoted his latter half life to creative writing. Marx called him "the true ancestor of British materialism and modern experimental science". He put forward some advanced ideas in many areas such as logic, aesthetics, pedagogy and so on.Bacon’s Essays is an epoch-making masterpiece in the world which affected a gReat number of people. It is equipped with all kinds of literary features of that time, such as tropes of rhetoric, sagacious thoughts, meaningful fun, particularly famous for its brevity, compactness and powerfulness.Of studies is one important part of Bacon’s Essays. It is an ever-lasting monument in English literature history, beginning with the functions of study and analysing its u nusual significance for human’s life. In addition, it tells the truth that defferent methods of reading lead to different consequence and at the same time different attitudes people hold towards reading have a great influence on the effect of learning.2. BackgroundBacon is one of the founders of modern materialism philosophy who established British philosophy of experience. He started the modern experimental philosophy and is regarded as the true ancestor of modern experimental science. His theory “knowledge is power”not only influenced the society at that time but also has realistic and important meaning in the social development after four hundred years.The enlightenment occurred in the middle of the 17th century and the 18th century in Europe and the United States. It was an ideological and cultural movement which mainly fought against the feudal and the church. Because of the unique political tradition, rational religious reform, the Puritan movement, advanced science and earlybourgeois revolution, the UK become the birthplace of the Enlightenment in Europe.Deeply influenced by the scientific revolution, the British Enlightenment was equipped with not only the reason and faith in progress existing in the enlightenment thoughts of the whole Europe and the United States, but also characteristics of its own ideas. The enlightenment changed people’s way of thinking and attached great importance to the scientific researches on observation and experiment methods. It formed the unique way of thinking: empirical rationalism. Francis Bacon was the embracer of this kind of principle. Knowledge was the core of enlightenment and revolution. It produced new ideas, advanced science, furthered social progress and speeded up all-round development. Bacon wrote of studies to announce the most significant way to gain knowledge----Study.3. Current situation of study in the UKBritish people are known as "first reader in Europe". According to UNESCO statistics about publications, Britain's newly published books in 2005 were more than 200 thousand, while America's 170 thousand and China's over 130 thousand. This also confirms that the British people love reading and have good reading habits from another side.So how good habits are formed? Some people think that it relates to their aristocratic features and the humanistic feelings, but more importantly, it results from people’s identification with the view of Bacon: studies serve for delight, for ornament, and for ability.Reading culture is fostered from childhood. Generally, British children begin to read from preschool. Parents will take their children to bookstores and encourage them to pick books they like. Even when a family goes out by train or by plane, parents and children can be seen holding books. British primary and secondary schools also advocate their students to cultivate good habit of reading at a young age. On “world reading day" every year, there will be a variety of promotional activities at schools. These activities are not only to improve the skills of reading, but also to provide children with a place of communication.Finally it is worth mentioning that the maintenance and policy of society support the strong reading atmosphere. There are strict rules to protect the copyright of publications in Britain. And several libraries are setting up for people to learn. Of therespect for and protection for study, libraries become the idealistic source of many revolutionists, thinkers, poets and writers like Marx, Lenin and George Bernard Shaw. “To provide the best environment for readers equally" is the intention pursued by the many British libraries.4. Structure of Of Studies4.1 The functions of study“Studies serve for delight, for ornament, and for ability. The delight lies in privations and retiring. The beauty lies in discourse; and the ability lies in the judgment and disposition of business”Studies have three functions: delight people; beautify people; and strengthen people’s ability. Nowadays, with the development of technology, many kinds of intelligentized and modernized things appear, and we have less and less time to read books. In most of their free time, people play or chat with telephone. What’s more, the young are facing heavy pressure, so it is a way to surf the internet, chat, play games. In the short term, it is good method to release pressure; in the long term, it does harm to one’s growth.Actually, reading for two hours every night can greatly influence one’s growth. Reading is a preserving process which changed from quantity to quality. When your accumulation of knowledge reaches a certain degree, they will be internalized to your own things, and then you realize the functions of study.we will not be unfamiliar with the idiom “厚积薄发". It comes from the old saying "君子厚积而薄发", meaning that one will be promising after a long time of accumulation. There is no doubt that the process of study is the process of accumulation. Some knowledge may be seldom used or even never be used, but as soon as they are used, we are handy with facility, like a duck into water. Otherwise, we can only be stretched, struggle with panic, and plaint alone "It is when you are using what you have learned from books that you wish you had re ad more books than you have".4.2 The methods of study4.2.1 Experience“To spend too much time in studies is sloth; to use them too much for ornament, is affectation; to make judgment wholly by their rules, is the humor of a scholar. They perfect nature, and are perfected by experience: for natural abilities are like natural plants, which need pruning by study; and studies themselves do give forth directions too much at large, except they be bounded in by experience.”But study shouldn’t be judged only by experience; also, knowledge can not be divorced from reality and exists alone. Experience and knowledge should supplement and complement each other. In Bacon's view, these two aspects are indispensable knowledge accumulation to life.4.2.2 Application/ Obersavation“Crafty men contemn studies, simple men admire them, and wise men use them; for they teach not their own use; but that is a wisdom without them, and above them, won by observation.”Attitudes towards studies decide how much to gain. It has become a common phenomenon that studies are not for progress but supposed to nitpick the authors to show their talents. That’s undoubtedly a kind of philistines. With such a kind of attitude towards study, how can you benefit from it? So Bacon warned us: “Crafty men contemn studies, simple men admire them, and wise men use them; for they teach not their own use; but that is a wisdom without them, and above them, won by observation.”Here Bacon mentioned the application of knowledge. People should study for applying knowledge, rather than study for study, or it would be a waste of time. A nerd regards study as a task while a wise man studies to improve his ability. For examples, "stereotyped writing" in ancient, fixed template of English compositions and graduation thesis nowadays are all phenomena which show the failed Internalization of new knowledge. The situation that English compositions need templates is owing to the unsuccessful grasp of English-oriented thinking. In such a situation, students can neither make up an article with learned words and grammar, nor express their thoughts, beliefs and emotions in English. A wise man shall be good at drawing inferences about other cases from one instance and solving the same problems in different ways. That is the highest level of study. But how to realize the application of knowledge? Through observation.4.2.3 Attitudes towards different books“Read not to contradict and confute; nor to believe and take for granted; nor to find talk and discour se; but to weigh and consider.”Francis Bacon thinks that when people are reading, do not disagree hostilely and do not accept wholly without questioning. People should not focus on the words and sentences only, but consider wise thoughts back and forth as well.Some books are to be tasted, others to be swallowed, and some few to be chewed and digested; that is, some books are to be read only in parts; others to be read, but not curiously; and some few to be read wholly, and with diligence and attention. Some books also may be read by deputy, and extracts made of them by others; but that would be only in the less important arguments, and the meaner sort of books; else distilled books are, like common distilled waters, flashy things.Then Bacon raises three methods of reading. First, read some books in the way that people test the taste of food—read bits here and there. Second, read some books with little attention or without thorough understanding. Third, read some books carefully and slowly and then think about and understand the meaning or the important points of them.4.2.4 Studies without readingThe methods of studies, of course, cover the selection and appreciation of books these two aspects. However, to some extent, there is another method--- “studies without reading”. That means, due to various reasons, the readers do not directly read the content of the book, but understand the basic idea and content by reading articles or notes of others. That’s method the modern usually take. There are a variety of reasons for “studies without reading”. First,the original works cannot be obtained. Readers read others’ notes or comments to cater to the wishes. Second, readers have too limited time to finish the whole books. So they have to seek a shortcut to understand the main idea.4.2.5 Selection of booksHowever, for numerous students in pursuit of knowledge, it is necessary to make overall plans and take all factors into consideration,or you will get into the mire of the conformity. About this, Bacon said: “Some books also may be read by deputy,and extracts made of them by others; but that would be only in the less important arguments, and the meaner sort of books; else distilled books are, like common distilled waters, flashy things.”There was such a scenario in the film "Lenin in 1918 ' of Former Soviet Union: in order to avoid the chase of agents, Lenin hid in his friend's house. In the evening, his friend Vassili brought some books to him. Lenin divided those book into two categories and then told Vassili what kind of books can be a pillow and what kind of books should be support. Books that can be pillows are worth reading carefully and thinking deeply while books that should be support are mediocre ones with pompous style and superficial thoughts. It is coincident with Bacon’s opinions on studies: “Some books are to be tasted, others to be swallowed, and some few to be chewed and digested; that is, some books are to be read only in parts; others to be read, but not curiously; and some few to be read wholly, and with diligence and attention. ”Nowadays, there are a lot of sham passed away as the genuine on book market. Some are not worth tasting. So it is very necessary to choose the suitable books to read.4.3 The benefits of reading“Reading make a full man; conference a ready man; and writing an exact man. And therefore, if a man write little, he had needed have a great memory; if he confer little, he had need have a present wit; and if he read little, he had need have much cunning, to seem to know that he doth not.”Gorky said: "books are the ladder of human’s progress". Books can improve cultural quality, extend ideological level and develop potential wisdom. Reading can enrich your mental activities; can improve the state of spirit; can help to debate with scholars.Lu Xun once said, books of reading must be mixed. Therefore he advocated "looking though the books" to supervise and urge scholars to expand their horizons, deepen their knowledge structure. Following the predecessors’ saying "读万卷书行万里路", we should pay more attention to considerable thoughts. Just like Bacon said: “History make men wise; poets witty; the mathematics subtle; natural philosophy deep; moral grave; logic and rhetoric able to contend.”People's cognition is a coordination process of thinking, memory, perception, emotion, analysis ability. If a person is given priority to image memory, then image thinking dominates his mind; if one is given priority to symbols memory, then hismind is dominated by logical thinking. Learning maths can help us to enhance our logical ability; reading a large number of legal cases can help us to improve our reasoning ability; reading books on ethics can help us to enhance our moral accomplishment; reading books on psychology can help us to develop and coordinate psychological functions. So, we say knowledge can rebuild the characters.“Nay there is no stand or impediment in the wit, but may be wrought out by fit studies: like as diseases of the body may have appropriate exercises. Bowling is good for the stone and reins; shooting for the lungs and breast; gentle walking for the stomach; riding for the head; and the like. So if a man's wit be wandering, let him study the mathematics; for in demonstrations, if his wit be called away never so little, he must begin again. If his wit be not apt to distinguish or find differences, let him study the schoolmen; for they are cymene sectors. If he be not apt to beat over matters, and to call up one thing to prove and illustrate another, let him study the lawyers' cases. So every defect of the mind may have a special receipt. ”People would not only suffer on the body, but on spirit as well. For mental defects, we should also suit the remedy to the case to improve the ability of self-cognition.5. ConclusionOf studies is just a short article of Bacon’s Essays, in which every sentence was given profound significance and his wisdom. There is no extraggeration that Francis Bacon came up with a totally new idea that has enlightened the whole human beings. Hegel once commented on him: "although his works are full of the most beautiful and clever speeches, it takes little rational efforts to understand the wisdom. So his words are often taken as the mottos."Reading can be one of the nicet ies in human’s life. Whether it can be managed depends on the grasp of study. Modern society should be a learning-oriented society; modern enterprises should be learning-oriented enterprises; modern people should be learning-oriented people. Study as the most effective way to realize them, should be widely spread and advocated. It is indispensable for us to learn from the sages such as Bacon, master ways of study, develop good learning habits, enrich ourselves with new knowledge, reform and perfect our own subjective world, and finally achieve all-round development.Brief Analysis of Bacon ’s Of Study11Work Cited徐文洋，“An Analysis of the Means of Cohesion in Of Studies by Francis Bacon ”，《海外英语》2014年第9期，第253-254页。