圆盘割草机的毕业设计

圆盘式割草机的设计

摘要

牧草收割是草产业生产中的一个重要环节，提高牧草收割机械化水平和生产率，对于确保草产业丰收极为重要。切割器是各种牧草收割机械的重要工作部件，目前，各种牧草收割机械普遍采用的切割器有往复式和回转式两种。回转式切割机属无支承切割，不产生堵塞现象，更换刀片简易。

本次设计的双圆盘式割草机，选用回转式切割器，对牧草的适应性强，特别适应于稠密、倒伏和缠连的牧草，工作平稳，生产率高。设计的双圆盘割草机有以下几个特点:

一、该机具由小四轮拖拉机前悬挂作业，主要有挂接、升降、传动、切割等机构组成，设计简单，结构紧凑;

二、本机具的升降由拖拉机液压手柄操纵，通过升臂、钢丝绳、滑轮等机构提升拉杆，完成机具的水平升降;

三、动力由拖拉机飞轮传递，机具皮带轮布置在两个齿轮箱中间，两个皮带轮处在同一个平面内，结构更紧凑;

四、机具前端设置了防护栏和防护罩，刀盘制作成碟形，使刀片旋转时与地面成一定角度，且脱落或飞出时不致伤人，安全可靠。

本次设计主要完成了圆盘式割草机的总体方案的选型，切割器的总体设计，传动系统的设计，主要零部件的设计与校核。

关键词:圆盘切割器；牧草；收割机

Design of double—disk cutter with rotary cutter

Abstract

Grazing harvesting is an important Part of the Production of grass industry, improving forage harvesting mechanization level and Productivity is vital to ensure the grass industry abundant harvest. The cutter is important working Part of various harvesting machinery. At Present，various forage harvesting machinery commonly use two kinds of cutter bar--- reciprocating and rotary. The rotary cutting machine without support cutting and there is no Plugging Phenomenon and replacing blade easily.

This topic researches and designs double—disk cutter with rotary cutter, the adaptability of forage, particularly adapted to the dense, lodging and even wrapped around the grass，working stably, output highly.

In this paper, researches and analyses foreign forage grasses harvester, using the principle and method of machine design ,the optimal design of machine，the development of the double--- disk grass cutter has innovation spots as following:

1. The machine with a small four-wheel tractor hanging before it. Mainly including the of hoist、articulate、movement、transmission、cutting and other agencies with simple design、compact structure、strong adaptability and low cost.

2.Lift of the machine is controlled by hydraulic handle of the tractor, through the lifting---arm，steel rope, Pulley and so on achieving the lifting horizontally.

3. Power transmission depends on the flywheel of the tractor. There two strap Pulleys between the two gear-boxes, and the two straps Pulleys are Placed on the same Plane with more compact structure.

4.There are fencing and Protective mask at the foreside of the machine, and the blade was made into the shape as dish so that the blade rotating at a certain angle on the ground,and fly safely and reliably off without wounding.

In this Paper analysis’s and tests the force of the Principal transmission Parts. By doing Experiments, we know the machine has the characteristics of strong applicability、reasonable structure、excellent capability、high Productivity and so on.

Keywords: Double—disk cutter: grazing; harvester