人教八年级英语下册第2单元重点语法详解及强化练习
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Unit2语法:动词短语
动词与其它词语一起构成的表示动作的短语叫动词短语。短语的结构可分为以下六种基本类型:
1、动词+副词
这种动词短语若是及物动
词时要注意,名词做宾语可以放在副词前面,也可以放在副词后面。若是人称代词做宾语,人称代词要放在动词和副词之间。
常见的动副词组有:
clean up 打扫
cheer up 使某某高兴起来;振奋起来
give out=hand out 分发
put off 推迟
fix up 修理
put up 张贴
give up 放弃
give away 捐赠
hand in 上交
turn on/off 打开/关掉
turn up/down 调大/调小
2、动词+介词
动词+介词的短语在词意上相当于一个及物动词,宾语总是位于介词的后面。常见的有:
look after 照顾
take after (长得)像
hear from 听说
wait for 等候;等待
care for 照顾
laugh at 嘲笑
worry about 担心
listen to 听
look at 看
agree with 同意
pay for 付款
belong to 属于
3、动词+副词+介词
这类动词短语,动词、副词、介词三者紧密结合,成为一体,相当于一个及物动词,宾语总是放在介词后面。(介词后接动词要用-ing形式)
常见的有:
run out of 花光,用尽
get out of 离开
come up with 想出
look forward to 盼望
4、动词+名词
常见的有;
take/ have a rest 休息
make mistakes 犯错误
take a walk 散步
5、动词+名词+介词
这类短语只用作及物动词,名词前可加形容词说明程度,宾语位于介词后。常见的有:
make friends with 与......交朋友
pay attention to 注意
take care of 照顾
have a look at 看一看
6、be+形容词(包括过去分词作形容词)+介词
常见的有:
be late for 迟到
be good at 擅长
be similar to 与......相似
be strict to 对......要求严格
be different from 与......不同
be busy with 忙于
be excited about对......感兴奋;激动
be worried about 担心
练一练
用所给词的适当形式填空
1、 Your little brother is watching TV, Can you heip me ___________ (turn把它调小)?
2、Don't ___________ what you want to do. (put 推迟做)
3、My classmates are ____________ the signs in the street. (give分发)
4、My grandma is ill in hospital, my parents are ______________ there. (care 照顾)
5、I _____________ my homework now. (busy忙于做作业)
6、My sister __________ those notices yesterday. (put张贴)
7、Tony _____________ his money just now .(run花光)
8、We _____________ the excting news.(be对......感到兴奋)
9、I'm ____________ hearing from you. (look 盼望)
10、Who ____________ this good idea?(came想出)