高中英语 名词性从句专项讲解及巩固练习(有答案)

名词性从句
一．考点解析
高考名词性从句主要考察语法填空中关联词的选用，要稳拿这一分的话，需要对四种名词性
从句掌握透。

十一选十、阅读、完型的分析也需要对其概念很熟悉，在理解文章的时候才不
会犯错。

翻译也会考察名词性从句，作文里面运用一些名词性从句的高级句型能起到加分作
用。

二．语法详解
第一节名词性从句的功能
主语从句
一.关联词：从属连词：that,whether,if,because.
(从属连词引导名词性从句或状语从句只起引导作用，在句中不单独做句子成分）
连接代词：what,who,whom,whose,whomever,whoever,which,whichever,whatever.
（它们在句中既起连接作用，又在从句中做主语，宾语，表语或定语）
连接副词：how,(how many,how much)when,why,where,（没有however,wherever,whenever).
（它们在句中既起连接作用，又在从句在做状语，表示时间，地点，原因和方式）
例如:That he survived the accident is a miracle. 他在这场事故中幸免于难真是奇迹。

Whether she comes or not makes no difference. 她来不来都没有关系（句首主语从句不用if引导）。

It is doubtful whether /if he is coming. 他是否来不得而知（主语从句不在句首可用if）。

What he needs is more experience. 他所需要的是更多的经验。

（做宾语）
How the prisoner escaped is a mystery. 囚犯怎么逃的是一个谜。

（做状语）
Whom we must serve is a question of vital importance. 为谁服务是个极为重要的问题。

（做宾语）
Whose fault it is is quite clear now. 这是谁的过错现在已十分明了。

(做定语）
Just because he is over 60 doesn’t mean he must retire.仅因为他60多岁并不意味着他必须退休。

Whatever is worth doing should be done well. 值得做的事就应该做好。

Whichever you wants is yours. 凡是你想要的，就是你的。

二．用it做形式主语的主语从句有以下六种不同句型：
宾语从句
一．关联词：从属连词：that.whether/if .
连接代词：which.what.who(whom.whose).whichever.whatever.whoever.whomever.
连接副词：why.when.where.how.(how many /much/long/well/deep)等。

(没有however.whenever.wherever).
二．宾语从句的类型：
1.做动词的宾语。

He ordered that we should start at once . 他命令我们立即出发。

Do you know how long it will take us to finish the experiment ?你知道我们要用多长时间完成实验吗？
Take whichever seat you like.你随意做哪个位子都行。

(whichever引导宾语从句，whichever做定语。

）
He gave whoever asked for it a copy of his latest paper. 不管谁要，他都将他最近写的论文给他一份。

2.做介词的宾语。

I was curious as to what we would do next . 我很想知道下一步我们该做什么。

He will give the book to whomever he likes. (whomever做宾语）他会把这本书给他喜欢的人。

The gold medal will be presented to whoever comes out first. 谁得第一名谁得金牌。

3.做形容词的宾语。

I am afraid that I have made a mistake . 恐怕我犯了一个错误。

I am delighted that you get good grades in school . 你在学校成绩优秀，我很高兴。

三．用it做形式宾语的宾语从句有以下四种不同句型：
四．不能省略that的宾语从句：
五．否定的转移：think,consider,suppose,believe,assume,expect,fancy,guess,reckon,imagine,feel等词后宾语
从句否定要转移到主句中。

例如：I don’t think he can do it better than me . 我想他不会比我做得更好。

I don’t suppose that she likes the book. 我认为她不喜欢这本书。

六．下列动词后宾语从句用虚拟语气（should+动词原形，should可省）：
一个坚持：insist. 两个命令：order,command
四个建议：suggest,advise propose recommend .六个要求：demand,request,require,ask,desire,urge(敦促，要求）
例如：He advised that the doctor(should ) be sent for. 他建议派人请医生。

She insisted that the seats (should )be booked in advance. 她坚持要预定座位。

七．不可以直接接that 从句，而要用“动词+间接宾语+that从句”的动词：
tell, show,teach,remind, notify ,inform ,assure,persuade,convince,call, ask ,satisfy,warn,question等。

例如：The policeman warned us that the roads were icy. 那位警察提醒我们道路结了冰。

The sight of the clock reminded him that he was late. 一看到钟他就知道迟到了。

八．不可以that 从句做直接宾语的动词,即不用于“动词+间接宾语+that 从句”结构的动词：
envy,order,accuse,refuse,impress,forgive,blame,congratulate,denounce(指责）等。

例如：她原谅了他违背承诺。

She forgave him that he had broken his promise (×）
She forgave him for breaking his promise/his breaking his promise.(√）
他给经理的印象是个诚实的人。

He impressed the manager that he was an honest man(×）
He impressed the manager as an honest man .(√）
It impressed the manager that he was an honest man.(√)
原谅我来迟了。

不要怪我没按时来。

Excuse me that I come late (× ）Don’t blame me that I didn’t come on time(×）
Excuse me for coming late(√）Don’t blame me for not coming on time (√）
Excuse me coming late (√）
我羡慕她英语说得那么好。

我祝贺你取得了成功。

I envy her that she speak English so well.(×) I congratulate you that you have succeed.(×)
I envy her speaking English so well.(√) I congratulate you upon your success.(√)
九．宾语从句的隔离现象：（有人认为宾语从句做固定短语动词的宾语）
We must keep in mind that the weight of an object in space is not the same as its weight on the surface of
the earth.我们一定要记住物体的重量在空气中与在地球表面是不同的。

In passing sentence,the judge took into consideration that it was the prisoner’s first offence.
在判刑时，法官考虑到犯人是初犯。

表语从句
一．关联词：
1.连接词：as, as if ,as though,because, just as,that,whether(无if),（(just )as,as if,as though只引导表语
从句，不可引导主语从句）
2.连接代词：what,which,who,whom,whose（没有whoever,whichever,whatever)
3.连接副词：when,where,why,how (没有whenever,however,wherever)
例如：It may be as you say. 此事可能像你说的那样。

This is because the earth is traveling around the sun. 这是因为地球绕着太阳转。

He looks as if he were in great pain. 他看上去很痛。

This is how Jane lives. 简就是这样生活的。

Things are not always as they seem to be. 事物并不总像其表面那样。

二．当主语是reason时，表语从句要用that引导，而不是because，结构为“the reason that/why...is/
was that...”
例如；The reason( that/why ) he was late was that he missed the train by one minute this morning.
他迟到的原因是因为差一分钟没有赶上火车。

三．由“坚持，命令，建议，要求”等动词派生出来的名词引导的表语从句要用虚拟语气，这些名词为：
order,advice,demand,decision,proposal,suggestion,request,requirement,recommendation,desire 等。

例如：Their desire was that a treaty (should) be signed. 他们的愿望是签一个条约。

The demand is that manuscripts (should) be written on one side only. 按照要求，手稿单面誊写。

同位语从句
一．关联词：
1.连接词：that(常用)，whether(无if)
2.连接代词what（没有whatever,whichever,who(m)ever）
3.连接副词when,where,why how（没有whenever,wherever,however）
例如：I have no idea what has happened to him. 我不知道他发生了什么事。

It is not a question whether he is reliable. 这不是他是否可靠的问题。

A story goes that the emperor was killed by his son . 据传说，那个皇帝是被他儿子杀死的。

二．能接同位语从句的名词有：
belief ,fact,hope,idea,doubt,news,rumor,advice,message,wish,conclusion,demand,request,evidence,
suggestion,law,problem,order,decision discovery explanation ,information
knowledge,opinion,possibility,
principle,truth,promise,report,thought,statement rule,certainty probability,likelihood (可能).
三．同位语从句的隔离现象：
例如：An idea came to her that she might do the experiment in another way.
她突然想起可以用另一种方法做这个实验。

He got a message from Mr Johnson that the manager could not see him that afternoon.
他从约翰逊先生那里得到消息，经理那天下午不能同他会面的。

They heard the news on the radio yesterday that a typhoon was coming.
他们从昨天的广播中听到消息说要来飓风。

四．由“坚持，命令，建议，要求”等动词派生出来的名词引导的同位语从句要用虚拟语气。

这些名词为：order,advice,demand,decision proposal suggestion request,requirement,recommendation,desire 等例如：he issued the order that the troops(should)withdraw at once. 他命令部队马上撤退。

There is a suggestion that Brown should be dropped from the team. 又一项建议是布朗应该离
队。

五．同位语从句与定语从句的区别：
第二节what与名词性从句
what与that在名词性从句中的区别
第三节whether和if在名词性从句中的使用
第四节名词性从句的注意事项
三．课堂练习
1.真题演练
1.here is clear evidence_______the most difficult feeling of all to interpret is bodily pain.
A. what
B.if
C.how
D.that
2.The message you intend to convey through words may be the exact opposite of_______others actually
understand.
A why B. that C.which D. what
3.One reason for her preference for city life is_____ he can have easy access to places like shops and
restaurants.
A.that
B.how
C. what
D.why
4 .When changing lanes,a driver should use his turning signal to let other drivers know________.
A. he is entering which lane
B. which lane he is entering
C. is he entering which lane
D. which lane is he entering
5.Tina was hesitating about the job offer as she did not know_______the company was an established one.
A.whether
B.what
C. until
D.although
6.there is no evidence_________there is life on any other planet in the solar system.
A. which B．that C.how D. where
7.As a new diplomat,he often thinks of______he can react more appropriately on such occasions.
A. what
B.which
C.that
D. how
8._______ we are sure about is the need to prevent children from being spoiled.
A.What
B.Which
C.Whether
D.That
9.The news____our athletes won another gold medal was reported in yesterday’s newspaper.
A which B.whether C. what D. that
10.As his best friend,I can make accurate guesses about ____ he will do or think.
A.what B,which C,whom D.that
11._______ he referred to in his article was unknown to the general reader.
A. That
B. What
C. Whether
D. Where
12.The thought of going back home was_______kept him happy while he was working abroad.
A. that
B.all that
C.all what
D.which
13.The traditional view is- we sleep because our brain is “programmed” to ruake us do so.
A. when
B.why
C.whether
D.that
14.By improving reading skills,you can read faster and understand more of_____you need.
A.that
B.what
C.which
D.whether
15.Doris’ success lies in the fact _____ she is co-operative and eager to learn from others.
A.which
B.that
C.when
D.why
Key:1-5.DDABA 6-10.BDADA. 11-15.BBDBB.
2.语法填空
1.The health official said ______ 12 suspected cases of influenza A（H1N1）were tested negative and ______, so far, this city has reported no case of the virus. 答案：不填/that; that
2．_____ occurred to me that the murder happened on a rainy day. 答案：It
3. It took the early settlers more than 150 years to build up is now a modem city. 答案：what
4．I just wonder ______ it is that makes him so excited. 答案：what
5．The news spread quickly through the village _____ the war had ended, ______ made villagers wild with joy. 答案：that; which
6．________ he has learned through practice before will help him a lot in his future work. 答案：What
7．____ has an interest in the lecture can go for a ticket from the office next to the gate of the lecture room, _____the lecture will be given．答案：No matter who/Whoever; where
8．Air pollution is really a big problem in our city, but nobody knows _____ to do about it. 答案：what
9．I can’t understand is he wants to change his mind. 答案：What, why
10．After months of voyage, Columbus arrived in ____ later proved a new continent. 答案：what
11．_______ often happens, people with good eyesight fail to see _______is right in front of them, for they
have toomuch to observe. 答案：As/ what
12．The new shopping mall will be located in ______ used to be a wasteland and a huge garden will also be
constructed ______ there were numerous tombs. 答案：what; where
13．Whether ways will be found to help China survive the current world financial crisis is just _______ worries the public. 答案：what
14．There is a new problem involved in the popularity of private cars________road conditions need ______
(improve). 答案：A. that; to be improved/improving
15．We try and give them ______ they want, _______ their religion is, so that they can face death without fear.
答案：whatever; whatever/no matter what
16．He wondered ________ his son was getting along with the experiment. 答案：how
17．He expressed a hope _______ he would visit China again the next year, and this was the very hope
________ he would express as soon as he arrived in the country. 答案：that; that
18．It didn’t surprise us at all caused his success. 答案：what
19．Whatever they grow they make sure ______ is left in the ground after harvesting becomes a natural fertilizer for the next year’s crop. 答案：that what
20．Mr. Li , our teacher of English, talked with me face to face, which made me recognize _________silly
mistakes I had made. 答案：what
21. I was close to being killed the day before yesterday. A truck passed me at ________I thought
was a crazy speed.答案：what
22．______ is known to us all that Shanghai will host the 2010 World Expo. 答案：It
23．It was not until midnight _______ he found _______ he thought was the best solution. 答案：that;what
24．____ surprises us most is ____ she doesn’t even know ____ the difference between the two opinions lies.
答案：What, that, where
25．The word “media” basically refers to ____ we commonly call newspapers, magazines, radios and televisions.答案：what
26．It is _________ you deal with difficulties that shows _________ you are really like. 答案：
how; what
27．It was the hurricane ______ was called Katrina ______ destroyed the city of New Orleans.
答案：which; that
28．The view ____ many scientists hold is ____ too much emission of carbon dioxide is destructive.
答案：that; that
29._______ is reported in the newspaper is that seventeen climbers have been killed in the snow
tsunami.
答案：What
30. It is no longer a question _____ man is learning more and more about space. 答案：
that
四．课后作业
1）.语法填空
1.Some may assume (26) ______ really matters is taking part not winning.
2.In a posting on the website, Consumerist, columnist Laura Northrup raises a number of
objections, including that coffee isn’t nutritious food for people who are hungry and
(26)_________the action could result in “greedy people” taking advantage of others’
kindness.
3.I offered Governor Malloy my condolences（吊唁，慰问）on behalf of the nation, and made
it clear (33)_______he will have every single resource that he needs to investigate this heinous（令人发指的）crime, care for the victims, comfort their families.
4.“I can’t tell you (27)________ pleased I am to be here.
5.Finding those birds is (26)______ I’ve spent more time in the woods of Eastern South Dakota
this year than any other.
6.(31)_____ I like my room or not doesn’t depend on how the furniture is arranged…it’s how I
arrange my mind.
7.He behaves as if any small amount of boredom can make him feel the need to check his
phone even when he knew he shouldn’t. The temptation to see ________is connecting him is just too great.
8.Success means you are prepared to do _________it takes to constantly move the yardsticks
forward day after day.
9.Although nobody thought he could succeed, he knew clearly (25) ______his dream
was-----to be a businessman.
10.Still we just focus on problems like health issues, problems in relationships etc., but we never
see these problems are very small compared with __28__ we have in our lives.”
11.(31) ______ remembers this can never willingly waste a single moment of his life.
12.He noticed large amounts of rainwater flowing down the hill, and water was also bubbling at
the base of a rock on the hill. For a few minutes, Wasana stared at the water, wondering __25_____ it looked so familiar.
13.“What we found was (32) ______________ there were some parents who would be sensitive
to price and they would choose to drive instead of fly,” FAA spokeswoman Alison Duquette said.
14.I’ve been considering my college and future career choices and now really feels like that the
emergency medical field is (29) ____________ I would enjoy.”
15.But before the study there was little proof (31) ______ therapy animals make us healthier.
16. The researchers took a closer look at (28) ______ these women stayed non-smokers six months after giving birth. They found that among the women who were offered some sort of smoking cessation intervention（停止干预）, 13% were able to quit sometime during the pregnancy and remain abstinent（节制的）when they delivered.
17. It is certain(32)_________ many people enjoy the flavour that it adds to food.
18. There is evidence (37) ________ playing video games could actually be good for us.
19. The boys’ mother heard that a clergyman (牧师) in town had been successful in (35) ______ (discipline) children, so she asked (36) ______ he would speak with her boys. The clergyman agreed, but asked to see them individually.
20. The pitiful truth is (27) ______ they are not put to sleep for this painful process.
Key:1-5.what.that.that.how.why.6-10.whether.who.whatever.what.what.
11-15.Whoever.why.that.what.that.16-20.whether.that.that.if/whether.that.
2) .名词性从句翻译
1.每位设计师都希望自己的作品能经受时间的考验。

（stand)
2.我们一致同意一旦得出调查结论，就尽早让公众知晓。

（once）
3.我们相信农民的生活会越来越好。

（believe）
4.一本书是否畅销取决于诸多因素。

（Whether)
5.无论谁想要成功必先明白这个道理“成功来自艰苦的付出和坚持不懈。

(Whoever)
6.综上所述，我们可以得出这样一个结论：家庭越幸福，你就会越长寿。

(conclusion)
7.这部电视连续剧受年轻父母欢迎的原因是他们很容易与剧中的人物产生共鸣。

(identify)
8.他的所做和他的所说大相径庭。

( There)
9.毫无疑问，选择学校常常能反映出父母对子女的希望。

(reflect)
10.尽管空气污染严重，警察仍在高峰时段坚守岗位，严格执法，确保交通畅通。

(Despite).
11.在给女儿的信中，扎克伯格(Zuckerberg)宣布他和他的妻子将把99%的公司股份捐给公益事业。

(announcement)。

12.新政策会给我们带来好处还是危害还得拭目以待。

（remain）
13.因为人们坚信食物对健康是至关重要的，所以好的厨师总是努力在谷物、肉类和蔬菜之间取得平衡。

（belief）
14.人工智能程序AlphaGo打败顶级职业选手的消息引起了全世界的关注。

（concern）Key:
1.Every designer hopes that his work can stand the test of time.
2.We all agree that once the conclusion of the investigation is drawn,it will be made known to the public as soon as possible.
3.We believe that peasants’/farmers’ life will be /be getting better and better.
4.Whether a book sells well depends on many/various factors.
5.Whoever wants to be successful should first understand the principle that success comes from hard effort/work and persistence/perseverance.
6.From the above/As has been stated above, we can come to the conclusion that the happier your family is, the
longer you will live.
7.The reason why the TV series is popular with young parents is that it’s easy for them to identify with the
characters in it.
8.There is a striking contrast between what he does and what he says.
9.There is no doubt that the choice of school reflects the parents’ hopes for their children.
10.Despite the fact that the air pollution is serious, policemen still stick to the posts in the rush hours and
strictly carry out the law to ensure the smooth traffic.
Despite the serious air pollution, policemen still stick to the posts in the rush hours and strictly carry out the
law to ensure the smooth traffic.
11.In a letter to his daughter, Zuckerberg made an announcement that he and his wife would donate 99% of
their shares in the company to good causes.
12.Whether the new policy will do us harm or good remains to be seen.
13.Because people hold a firm belief that food is vital for /to man’s health,good cooks are always making
efforts to maintain balance between grains,meats and vegetables.
14.The news that artificial intelligence program AlghGo defeated top professional player has caused worldwide concern.。