2019高考英语基础词法和句法(共41张PPT)
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高中英语词法与句法概要PPT课件
宾语从句, 表语从句， 主语从句，同位语从句, 状语从句, 定语从句。
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句子种类
陈述句、疑问句、祈使句、感叹句四种。 1. 陈述句 凡是说明一件事情,指出看法，或者表达一种心情的句子是 陈述句。陈述句分为肯定句和否定句。
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2. 疑问句 疑问句用以提出问题，按结构分为四类：一般疑问句，特殊 疑问句，反义疑问句和选择疑问句。 (1) 一般疑问句：对某一情况是否属实提出疑问，一般用yes 或no来回答，有两种形式： be/have+主语+其他？ 助动词（情态动词）+主语+行为动词+其他？
workers.
6. They first worked as doctors and later they
worked as writers.
7. I was doing housework while he was
playing chess.
.
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并
常用并列连词
列
coordinating
句
conjunctions
2. Hurry up, or you will be late. 3. Either you are mad or he is.
并
4. Not only is he an actor but also he is a 列
director.
句
5. Neither are they farmers nor they are
.
11
英语句子的类型：简单句； 并列句； 复合句；
一、简单句的五种常用句型如下：
一、Ｓ +Ｖ（主＋谓） 二、Ｓ +Ｖ +Ｐ （主＋系＋表） 三、Ｓ +Ｖ +Ｏ （主＋谓＋宾） 四、Ｓ +Ｖ +IO +Ｏ（主＋谓＋间宾＋直宾） 五、Ｓ +Ｖ +Ｏ +Ｃ（主＋谓＋宾＋宾补）
高中英语高考英语句子结构分析(共35张PPT)
并列句的分类
1、表示连接两个同等概念，常用and, not only…but also…, neither…nor…, then等连接。 e.g. The teacher’s name is Smith, and the student’s name is John.
2、表示选择，常用的连词有or, either…or…, otherwise等。 e.g. Hurry up, or you’ll miss the train.
He worked hard all his life. (划线部分在 句中作状语，修饰动词worked)
He is a school student in No. 1 Middle School. (划线部分在句中作定语，修饰名 词student)
2) 并列句： 句型：简单句+并列连词+简单句
exam. 6） I like some of you very much. 7）If you study hard, you will pass the exam. 8）He goes to school by bike. 9）Though he is young, he can do it well.
位置 呢？
6、状语：它是修饰动词、形容词、副
词或全句用的。
1) I will go there tomorrow.
2) The meeting will be held in the meeting room. 3）The meat went bad because of the hot
weather. 4）He studies hard to learn English well. 5）He didn’t study hard so that he failed in the
高考英语单项选择中词法、句法和语法的复习梳理64页PPT
高考英语单项选择中词法、句法和语 法的复习梳理
21、静念园林好，人间良可辞。 22、步步寻往迹，有处特依依。 23、望云惭高鸟，临木愧游鱼。 24、结庐在人境，而无车马喧；问君 何能尔 ？心远 地自偏 。 25、人生归有道，衣食固其端。
41、学问是异常珍贵的东西，从任何源泉吸 收都不可耻。——阿卜·日·法拉兹
42、只有人群中间，才能认识自 己。——德国
43、重复别人所说的话，只需要教育； 而要挑战别人所说的话，则需要头脑。—— 玛丽·佩蒂博恩·普尔
44、卓越的人一大优点是：在不利与艰 难的遭遇里百折不饶。——贝多芬
45、自己的饭量自己知道。——苏联
21、静念园林好，人间良可辞。 22、步步寻往迹，有处特依依。 23、望云惭高鸟，临木愧游鱼。 24、结庐在人境，而无车马喧；问君 何能尔 ？心远 地自偏 。 25、人生归有道，衣食固其端。
41、学问是异常珍贵的东西，从任何源泉吸 收都不可耻。——阿卜·日·法拉兹
42、只有人群中间，才能认识自 己。——德国
43、重复别人所说的话，只需要教育； 而要挑战别人所说的话，则需要头脑。—— 玛丽·佩蒂博恩·普尔
44、卓越的人一大优点是：在不利与艰 难的遭遇里百折不饶。——贝多芬
45、自己的饭量自己知道。——苏联
高中英语语法大全PPT课件
• 名词→动词 hand(手)→(传递),face(脸)→(面对)
• 形容词→副词 early→early, fast→fast
• 副词→连词 when(什么时候)→(当……时候)
• 介词→副词 in(到……里)→(在里面；在家),on(在…上)→(进行,继续),
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Chapter 2 名词
• 专有名词 Beijing, Tom, the People’s Republic of China • 普通名词
▲可数名词 ▲不可数名词
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一、英语可数名词的单复数
• 规则变化 ①在单数名词词尾加s ②s,o,x ,sh,ch结尾的词加es ③以辅音字母加y结尾的名词,变y为i,再加es ④以f或fe结尾的名词,变f或fe为v,再加es。
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主主格格 宾宾格格
第第一一人人 称称单单数数
第第二二人人 称称单单数数
第第三三人人称称单单数数
男男
女女
II
YYoouu hhee
sshhee
((我我))
((你你))
((他他))
((她她))
mmee
yyoouu
hhiimm
hheerr
((我我))
((你你))
((他他))
((她她))
语或者表语,后面千万不可以跟名词 eg. This is your cup,but where is mine?(这是你的杯子,可我的在哪儿？) • 双重所有格:“of + 名词性物主代词”
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第一人 第二人 称单数 称单数
第三人称单数
男
女
中性
第一人 第二人 第三人 称复 称复数 称复数 数
• 形容词→副词 early→early, fast→fast
• 副词→连词 when(什么时候)→(当……时候)
• 介词→副词 in(到……里)→(在里面；在家),on(在…上)→(进行,继续),
第6页/共188页
Chapter 2 名词
• 专有名词 Beijing, Tom, the People’s Republic of China • 普通名词
▲可数名词 ▲不可数名词
第7页/共188页
一、英语可数名词的单复数
• 规则变化 ①在单数名词词尾加s ②s,o,x ,sh,ch结尾的词加es ③以辅音字母加y结尾的名词,变y为i,再加es ④以f或fe结尾的名词,变f或fe为v,再加es。
第15页/共188页
主主格格 宾宾格格
第第一一人人 称称单单数数
第第二二人人 称称单单数数
第第三三人人称称单单数数
男男
女女
II
YYoouu hhee
sshhee
((我我))
((你你))
((他他))
((她她))
mmee
yyoouu
hhiimm
hheerr
((我我))
((你你))
((他他))
((她她))
语或者表语,后面千万不可以跟名词 eg. This is your cup,but where is mine?(这是你的杯子,可我的在哪儿？) • 双重所有格:“of + 名词性物主代词”
第18页/共188页
第一人 第二人 称单数 称单数
第三人称单数
男
女
中性
第一人 第二人 第三人 称复 称复数 称复数 数
高考英语句子成分及句子基本结构(共32张PPT)(2024版)
class? • ⑤ Some of the students in the school want to
go swimming, how about you?
（四）表语
• 表语说明主语的性质、特征、状态或身份， 与连系动词一起构成复合谓语。
• We are Chinese. （名词） • I’m not quite myself today. （代词） • Who was the first? （数词） • The war was over. （副词） • He is out of condition. （介词短词） • They seem to know the truth. （动词不定式） • His hobby is playing computer games.（动名词短语） • That is what he told me yesterday. （从词）
• ② There is an old man coming here.
（名词）
• ③To do today's homework without the teacher's help is very difficult.
（不定式）
㈡谓语 说明主语的动作、状态和特征
• 谓语由简单谓语和复合谓语组成。 • ①简单谓语 • The sun rises in the east. • He looked after two orphans. • ②复合谓语 由情态动词或助动词+动词; • He can speak English very well. • The work must be done before three o’clock.
• Do you know the man who spoke just now?
go swimming, how about you?
（四）表语
• 表语说明主语的性质、特征、状态或身份， 与连系动词一起构成复合谓语。
• We are Chinese. （名词） • I’m not quite myself today. （代词） • Who was the first? （数词） • The war was over. （副词） • He is out of condition. （介词短词） • They seem to know the truth. （动词不定式） • His hobby is playing computer games.（动名词短语） • That is what he told me yesterday. （从词）
• ② There is an old man coming here.
（名词）
• ③To do today's homework without the teacher's help is very difficult.
（不定式）
㈡谓语 说明主语的动作、状态和特征
• 谓语由简单谓语和复合谓语组成。 • ①简单谓语 • The sun rises in the east. • He looked after two orphans. • ②复合谓语 由情态动词或助动词+动词; • He can speak English very well. • The work must be done before three o’clock.
• Do you know the man who spoke just now?
2019高考英语词法与句法课件(共23张PPT)
英语句子的类型：简单句； 并列句； 复合句；
一、简单句的五种常用句型如下 一：、Ｓ +Ｖ（主＋谓）
二、Ｓ +Ｖ +Ｐ （主＋系＋表） 三、Ｓ +Ｖ +Ｏ （主＋谓＋宾） 四、Ｓ +Ｖ +IO +Ｏ（主＋谓＋间宾＋直宾） 五、Ｓ +Ｖ +Ｏ +Ｃ（主＋谓＋宾＋宾补）
并列句
用分号： We fished all day; we didn’t catch a thing. 用分号，后跟一个连接副词： We fished all day; however, we didn’t catch a thing. 用并列连词（如and、but、so、yet等） We fished all day, but (we) didn’t catch a thing.
从句是一个不完整的句子,它必须和一 个主句连用，不能独立存在.
练习: 请分别指出下列句子的主句和从句：
1、He is a man who is easy to work with.
2. I don’t know whether he will come tomorrow.
3. When I saw him , he was washing clothes. 复
宾语从句, 表语从句， 主语从句，同位语从句, 状语从句, 定语从句。
句子种类
陈述句、疑问句、祈使句、感叹句四种。 1. 陈述句 凡是说明一件事情,指出看法，或者表达一种心情的句子是 陈述句。陈述句分为肯定句和否定句。
2. 疑问句 疑问句用以提出问题，按结构分为四类：一般疑问句，特殊 疑问句，反义疑问句和选择疑问句。 (1) 一般疑问句：对某一情况是否属实提出疑问，一般用 yes或no来回答，有两种形式： be/have+主语+其他？ 助动词（情态动词）+主语+行为动词+其他？
(12套)2019年高考英语语法知识点课件汇总
9
目录
五、定语——名词或代词的修饰语
定语是对名词或代词起修饰、限定作用的词、短语或句子，汉语中常用 “· · · · · · ·的”表示。单个单词作定语通常位于被修饰的成分前，而短语或从句作 定语时，则要放在被修饰的成分之后。 可以用作定语的有：形容词、名词、代词、 数词、副词、不定式、动名词、分词、介词短语和从句等。
2．双宾语(间接宾语＋直接宾语)
She ordered herself a new dress. 她给自己定了一套新衣裳。 (herself为间接宾语；a new dress为直接宾语)
7
目录
三、宾语——动作的对象或承受者
3．复合宾语(宾语＋宾语补足语)
Doctors often advise us to pay more attention to our diets. 医生经常建议我们多注意饮食。(us为宾语；to pay more attention to our diets 为宾语 补足语)
2．复合谓语 (1)由情态动词或其他助动词加动词原形构成。
In this exhibition，you can see paper-cutting with all kinds of patterns.(2017·全国卷
Ⅱ·书面表达)
在这次展览中，你可以看到各式各样的剪纸。(“情态动词＋实义动词”作谓语)
Where the English evening will be held has not yet been announced. 英语晚会将在哪里举行，还没有被宣布。(从句作主语)
[名师指津] 当主语为从句或不定式短语等时，为避免头重脚轻，常用it作形 式主语。
It's a pity that you won't come to my birthday party.
高考英语语法基本词法句法梳理PPT课件
⑦ It was raining heavily then. 那时正下着大雨。 ⑧ I wonder what you are doing now. 我想知道你在干什么。
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⑨ Children will be taking their holidays soon.
孩子们很快要放假。 ⑩ Kate told me that her husband would be coming next day.
⑤ The tricks were meant to be seen only once.
这种把戏只能玩一次。
⑥ There are only four to choose from.
只有四种选择。
⑦ He finally caught a sight of the village.
他终于看到了村庄
她总是希望过上安静一点的生活。
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（5） 及物与不及物动词 ① The children greatly desire to come to Beijing.
孩子们最大的愿望是来北京。 ② He promised (me) not to interfere.
他答应不予干扰。 ③ Write me when time permits.
时间允许的话写封信来。
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（6） 反身动词
① They dressed themselves like the villagers.
他们打扮成村民。
② The little girl hid herself in the big box.
小姑娘把自己藏在大箱子里。 ③ You may help yourself to the books on the shelf.
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•词性，成分和句型
实词： 可以单独作成分
1.名词（noun） 可数名词 /C/ n.
不可数名词 /U/ n. 1. feel,
2.代词（pronoun） 行为动词 及物动词
taste,look smell, sound
不及物动词
系动词 完全系动词 2. keep,stay,
3.动词（verb）
remain
He made a promise, but he didn’t keep it.
常用并列连词 1. （1）和，与 and
(2) 但是 ,而是 but / yet/ and yet 然而，而，而且 while
(3) 就在这个时候 when (4) 或者,还是 or (5) 否则 or / or else / otherwise (6) 因为 for
Either you leave the room or I call the police.
用合适的词填空：
1.He is a hard- working student, __so__we needn’t make him study.
2. The day breaks, _fo_r__the birds are singing.
从句是一个不完整的句子,它必须由连接词和 一个主句连用，不能独立存在.
请指出该复合句的主句和从句部分。
I wonder if you could
主句
从句
give me a hand.
• Anne wished she could tell people everything that she had gone through in the concentration camp（集中营）.
What he said upset me.
2. 谓语 位置一般在主语之后，说明主语的动作 或状态。谓语只能由动词或动词短语充 当。
Nobody knows him.
• The rich are not always happy.
• I am getting off at the next station.
Ⅱ.并列句
把两个或几个简 单句用并列连词连接 起来，则成为一个并 列句。
1. I turned on the TV.
We watched it. I turned on the TV and we
watched it. 2. He made a promise. He didn’t
keep it
3. 宾语
•宾语是及物动词所表示的动作的对象， 或介词所支配的对象。名词、代词 （宾格）、数词或相当于名词的词、 如doing, to do或其他短语或从句都 可以作宾语。 • We love our motherland.
• He gave up smoking last year.
• Do you understand what I mean?
• You need to think more in your studies.
4.表语 •表语放在系动词(be等)之后，用来说明主 语的特征、性质、身份或状态等。名词、 形容词、副词、代词、分词、动词不定式、 动名词、介词短语或从句都可以用作表语。
That sounds good.
He became angry.
Will you have to go tomorrow?
I wonder if it is because I haven’t been able to be outdoors for so long that I’பைடு நூலகம்e grown so crazy about everything to do with nature.
kind of power.
6. 状语
主要由副词，或与之相当的其他词类， 如非谓语动词或介词短语或从句充当。状 语用来修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句 子。
• They are working very hard.
• Surely, we will help you.
• He was reading yesterday afternoon.
4. Because he studies very hard, he does well in his class.
5. He has two children who are students.
Ⅲ.复合句（Compound Sentence)
由一个主句加一个或多个从句构成复合句 主句是一个完整的句子(independent sentence),它可以独立存在。
句子成分
主谓宾表 定状补 同位语
1. 主语
表示所说的对象是“谁”或者是“什么”. 主语一般由名词、代词或相当于名词的词, 如短语doing, to do或从句充当。
I like English and so does Tom.
Seeing is believing.
To see is to believe.
5. Study hard _o_r_you will fail to pass the exam.
1. He has two children. They are students.
2. He has two children ; they are students.
3. He has two children and they are students.
Come to the cinema as early as possible. I for
have saved you a seat. = I have saved a seat____ you.
请说出下列句子类型
1.Autumn is coming. 2.They won’t let me go. 3.He showed me his new bike. 4.She knows what to do. 5.The weather is very cold. 6. Can’t you get them to help you? 7. Do you think it possible for Chinese to become a world language?
复合句中，主句只有一个，从句可以 有n个 . ( n ≥ 1 )
She said that she was unhappy and that she would tell my manager about this.
在复合句中，主要包含以下类型从句：
1.名词性从句 2.状语从句 3.定语从句
1）主语从句 2）宾语从句 3）表语从句 4）同位语从句
半系动词 助动词 情态动词
3. become, get, turn, grow, go 等
4. seem, appear
词类
4. 形容词（adjective） 5. 副词（adverb） 6. 数词（numeral） 基数词
序数词
虚词：
1. 冠词（article) ,a/an, the 2. 介词（preposition）, 如：on, at, in等； 3. 连词（conjunction）， 如：and, but等； 4. 感叹词（interjection），如： Oh!Ah!等。
The news that our team won the game makes us happy.
简单句的五种基本句型
1.主+ 系+表 2. 主+谓 3. 主+谓+宾 4. 主+谓+宾+宾补 5. 主+谓+间接宾语+直接宾语
4. 主+谓+宾+宾补 （1）n. （2）adj. （3）adv. 复合宾语（4） prep. Phrase （5）to do (tell, ask, want, get, would like ，wait for等） （6）do (make, let, have, see, watch, notice, hear find, feel等） (7) doing (have, get, see, hear等 (8) done (make, have, get, see, hear, feel, find等）
指出下列各从句的类型：
I hope that everything is all right.
She was reading the newspaper when I came in.
She is the girl who sings best of
状语从句
定语从 句
指出下列各从句中的从属连词
My dream has come true.
Seeing is believing.
To see is to believe.
This is where he lives.
5 定语 主要由形容词或与之相当的其他词类，如
非谓语动i才或其他短语或从句充当。定语用 来修饰名词或代词.
You are hard-working students. a woman driver , a swimming pool a seven-day holiday , something new a man named Chuck Noland We should have someone to care about. Who is the boy in the hat? Machines were made which used this
3. When mother came back, she found I was watching TV _w_h__ile my younger sister was doing cleaning.
实词： 可以单独作成分
1.名词（noun） 可数名词 /C/ n.
不可数名词 /U/ n. 1. feel,
2.代词（pronoun） 行为动词 及物动词
taste,look smell, sound
不及物动词
系动词 完全系动词 2. keep,stay,
3.动词（verb）
remain
He made a promise, but he didn’t keep it.
常用并列连词 1. （1）和，与 and
(2) 但是 ,而是 but / yet/ and yet 然而，而，而且 while
(3) 就在这个时候 when (4) 或者,还是 or (5) 否则 or / or else / otherwise (6) 因为 for
Either you leave the room or I call the police.
用合适的词填空：
1.He is a hard- working student, __so__we needn’t make him study.
2. The day breaks, _fo_r__the birds are singing.
从句是一个不完整的句子,它必须由连接词和 一个主句连用，不能独立存在.
请指出该复合句的主句和从句部分。
I wonder if you could
主句
从句
give me a hand.
• Anne wished she could tell people everything that she had gone through in the concentration camp（集中营）.
What he said upset me.
2. 谓语 位置一般在主语之后，说明主语的动作 或状态。谓语只能由动词或动词短语充 当。
Nobody knows him.
• The rich are not always happy.
• I am getting off at the next station.
Ⅱ.并列句
把两个或几个简 单句用并列连词连接 起来，则成为一个并 列句。
1. I turned on the TV.
We watched it. I turned on the TV and we
watched it. 2. He made a promise. He didn’t
keep it
3. 宾语
•宾语是及物动词所表示的动作的对象， 或介词所支配的对象。名词、代词 （宾格）、数词或相当于名词的词、 如doing, to do或其他短语或从句都 可以作宾语。 • We love our motherland.
• He gave up smoking last year.
• Do you understand what I mean?
• You need to think more in your studies.
4.表语 •表语放在系动词(be等)之后，用来说明主 语的特征、性质、身份或状态等。名词、 形容词、副词、代词、分词、动词不定式、 动名词、介词短语或从句都可以用作表语。
That sounds good.
He became angry.
Will you have to go tomorrow?
I wonder if it is because I haven’t been able to be outdoors for so long that I’பைடு நூலகம்e grown so crazy about everything to do with nature.
kind of power.
6. 状语
主要由副词，或与之相当的其他词类， 如非谓语动词或介词短语或从句充当。状 语用来修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句 子。
• They are working very hard.
• Surely, we will help you.
• He was reading yesterday afternoon.
4. Because he studies very hard, he does well in his class.
5. He has two children who are students.
Ⅲ.复合句（Compound Sentence)
由一个主句加一个或多个从句构成复合句 主句是一个完整的句子(independent sentence),它可以独立存在。
句子成分
主谓宾表 定状补 同位语
1. 主语
表示所说的对象是“谁”或者是“什么”. 主语一般由名词、代词或相当于名词的词, 如短语doing, to do或从句充当。
I like English and so does Tom.
Seeing is believing.
To see is to believe.
5. Study hard _o_r_you will fail to pass the exam.
1. He has two children. They are students.
2. He has two children ; they are students.
3. He has two children and they are students.
Come to the cinema as early as possible. I for
have saved you a seat. = I have saved a seat____ you.
请说出下列句子类型
1.Autumn is coming. 2.They won’t let me go. 3.He showed me his new bike. 4.She knows what to do. 5.The weather is very cold. 6. Can’t you get them to help you? 7. Do you think it possible for Chinese to become a world language?
复合句中，主句只有一个，从句可以 有n个 . ( n ≥ 1 )
She said that she was unhappy and that she would tell my manager about this.
在复合句中，主要包含以下类型从句：
1.名词性从句 2.状语从句 3.定语从句
1）主语从句 2）宾语从句 3）表语从句 4）同位语从句
半系动词 助动词 情态动词
3. become, get, turn, grow, go 等
4. seem, appear
词类
4. 形容词（adjective） 5. 副词（adverb） 6. 数词（numeral） 基数词
序数词
虚词：
1. 冠词（article) ,a/an, the 2. 介词（preposition）, 如：on, at, in等； 3. 连词（conjunction）， 如：and, but等； 4. 感叹词（interjection），如： Oh!Ah!等。
The news that our team won the game makes us happy.
简单句的五种基本句型
1.主+ 系+表 2. 主+谓 3. 主+谓+宾 4. 主+谓+宾+宾补 5. 主+谓+间接宾语+直接宾语
4. 主+谓+宾+宾补 （1）n. （2）adj. （3）adv. 复合宾语（4） prep. Phrase （5）to do (tell, ask, want, get, would like ，wait for等） （6）do (make, let, have, see, watch, notice, hear find, feel等） (7) doing (have, get, see, hear等 (8) done (make, have, get, see, hear, feel, find等）
指出下列各从句的类型：
I hope that everything is all right.
She was reading the newspaper when I came in.
She is the girl who sings best of
状语从句
定语从 句
指出下列各从句中的从属连词
My dream has come true.
Seeing is believing.
To see is to believe.
This is where he lives.
5 定语 主要由形容词或与之相当的其他词类，如
非谓语动i才或其他短语或从句充当。定语用 来修饰名词或代词.
You are hard-working students. a woman driver , a swimming pool a seven-day holiday , something new a man named Chuck Noland We should have someone to care about. Who is the boy in the hat? Machines were made which used this
3. When mother came back, she found I was watching TV _w_h__ile my younger sister was doing cleaning.