高二英语短文改错(二)知识精讲

高二英语短文改错（二）
【本讲主要内容】
短文改错（二）
【知识总结归纳】
一. 代词的错误使用：代词的使用错误主要出现在代词（物主代词，人称代词，反身代词）在句中指代错误，做代词与指代的名词在数，性别，以及格上的不一致。

例题：
1. I can’t forget the good food you cooked for I.
介词for后面接宾语，代词在此应当是宾格形式。

I改为me
2. The Smiths did his best to make me feel at home.
句子的主语the Smiths指Smith全家，是复数形式，谓语do one’s best 中的one’s作为物主代词应当和主语一致，his应当改为their.
3. At once I apologized and controlled me at my best till the dinner started.
根据句子意思：我立刻道歉并且尽最大努力控制了自己。

Control后面的宾语与主语一致，指同一个人，应改为反身代词myself.
4. There will be more people in the world and most of whom will live longer than people live now.
本句是and 连接的并列句，whom 连接的是定语从句。

所以whom应当改为them. 5. It was about noon when we arrived at the foot of the mountain. The three of them were very excited.
全句都在说“我们”，（到达山脚下，都很兴奋）所以后半句them的指代出现了错误，应改为：us
6. The sport teaches us the importance of obedience. Each player must obey the captain, who is the leader of the team. And they must not break the rules too often if we want to win the game.
全句是以第一人称叙述的。

所以they根据语境应改为we
二. 不定代词的使用错误：
1. The man took out a match and struck it, but it failed to light. He tried several more, but neither was good.
根据句义：他又试了几次，但都没有成功。

neither指两个都没有。

与句中的several矛盾。

应改为：none.
2. I told him not to worry about the bills no more.
根据句义：我叫他不要再为帐单而担心了。

不再…：not … any more. 所以no改为：any 3. Yet no one can learn something from school. A teacher cannot teach his students everything they want to know.
根据句义：没有一个人能从学校学到所有的知识（每一样东西）。

something应改为：everything.
4. When they returned home, there was something left in the house except a note.
根据句义：屋里除了一张纸条以外，什么都没有了。

除了…以外，没有…：nothing…except. something应改为：nothing.
三. 冠词的使用错误：冠词的使用错误主要表现在：the / a / an 之间的误用；缺少冠词，多
余冠词；这些错误通过对句义的理解，特别是句中名词的意义，运用所学的冠词的基础知识就可以发现并正确改正这些错误。

1. As everyone knows, it’s ∧famous mountain with all kinds of plants and animals.
根据句义：这是一座名山。

明显地发现这里缺少了表示“一个”的不定冠词。

应在famous 前加上a
2. They had the wonderful evening and came home quite late.
根据句义：他们过了一个非常愉快的夜晚。

过得很愉快：have a good/wonderful time. The 应改为：a
3. He wrote a message and put it in the bottle. The message gave his name and address….
根据全句的语境：他把这个纸条放进一个瓶子里。

此处bottle是泛指。

The应改为：a 4. Many people go to the school for education.
去上学：go to school 为固定短语。

应把the 去掉。

5. During a night, I was woken up by the voice of a match being struck.
根据句义：在夜间，（during the night）, 我被一种（a）划火柴的声音惊醒了。

第一个a 改为：the; 第二个：the改为：a
6. after I put down the receiver, the phone rang the third time.
根据句义：根据句义：电话又一次响起来。

这里不是说“第三次”，而是指“再一次”。

The 改为:a
7. At that time, he would work 14 hours one day.
表达单位“每一个”用a/an。

所以one 改为：a
四. 用词不当的错误：这种问题主要集中在谓语动词的近义词的选择使用上。

1. I have arrived in America for two months.
根据句义：我到美国有两个月了。

Arrive是非延续性动词，不能在完成时中与for时间短语连用。

应改为：been
2. People in all countries have for years studied the weather and managed to make weather forecast.
Manage to do：表示作成了某件事。

在此，只是努力做出预报。

结果不一定准确，managed 应改为：tried
五. 单词遗漏：根据句子意思，句中常缺少冠词，连词或介词。

1. It was about noon ∧we arrived at the foot of the mountain.
It was about noon是全句的主句，后面应是一个时间状语从句。

表示：当我们到达山脚下时，已经是中午了。

此处缺少了连词when
2. If it doesn’t work, bring in ∧friend that you feel comfortable∧, and have him or help you.
根据句义：如果这还不奏效，那么带一个你与之在一起感到舒服的朋友来，friend前面缺少表示“一个”的冠词：a；定语从句最后应加上介词：with
3. But then there is always mysterious ∧look into.
本句是一个带there be的后接不定式句形：there is/ are something to do. Look into 前面应加上to
4. I was very happy with any programme but the others spent a lot ∧time
根据句义a lot后面明显缺少介词of，表示花费许多时间。

5. They eager to know everything about China……
eager是形容词，在做表语，前面应有be动词。

加上were.
六. 句中有多余的单词，根据句义和语法规则，常常有冠词，介词，连词,副词甚至代词多余的错误。

1. I never know about a ride down a river could be so much exciting.
Know做及物动词后面直接接宾语从句，去掉about；so exciting 表示“如此地激动人心”much修饰比较级，在此去掉much
2. I hope that both you two could come and visit us some time soon.
本句前面已经有both，后面再出现two 显然多余，应去掉two.
3. You might have to change for your method a couple of times.
Change在此是及物动词，表示“改变方法”，所以去掉for
4. When I was a boy, the most exciting thing was when to celebrate the Spring Festival.
全句是说：最令人兴奋的事是欢渡春节了。

When放在这里，句子显得不通顺了。

应去掉when
【高考点拨】
平时学英语时，不要忽略口语的训练，形成正确的语感，在做短文改错题时，默读每一句，运用语感，可以直接“读出”句中的错误并加以改正。

【题型展示】
You can find all kinds ∧information in just 1. of
a few minute on the Internet. It’s like going to a 2. minutes
huge library without have to walk around to find 3. having
your books. Recently even though, many people 4. 去掉even
have been discussing the dangers of the Internet. 5. √
They have been reports in America about people 6. There
trying to steal person information for bad purposes. 7. personal
Finding information on the Net is easily. But not all 8. easy
information are good to society. For example, you 9. is
can find such information like how to kill people. 10. as
The problem will become more serious in the future.
分析：
1. all kinds of是固定词组，of 不能缺少。

2. a few 后面的名词是复数形式。

minute是可数名词。

3. without是介词，后面跟动词ing形式。

4. even though：即使，此处表示“虽然”。

应去掉even
6. 此处表示：在美国有报道说…..应当用表示“有…”的句型：there be…
7. 此处表示“个人的信息”，需要用形容词做定语。

personal：个人的。

8. is后面是形容词形式。

9. information是不可数名词。

后面的谓语动词用单数形式。

10. such…as是固定句型。

【实战模拟】
This is a story told by my father: “When I was boy, 1. _______
The most exciting thing was when to celebrate the Spring 2. ________
Festival. My grandma was the best cooker in the world 3. ________ but could make the most delicious dishes. One time, I just 4. ________ couldn’t wait for the Spring Festival dinner. As I was 5. ________ about take a picture from a cooked duck, I saw Grandma in 6. ________ the kitchen looking at me. Shake her hand, she said, ‘It 7. _______ isn’t a good time to do that, dear.’ At once I apologize 8. _______ and controlled me at my best till the dinner started. You 9. _______ know, that was a dinner we had waited for several month.”10. ______
【试题答案】
This is a story told by my father: “When I was∧boy, 1. a
The most exciting thing was when to celebrate the Spring 2. 去掉when Festival. My grandma was the best cooker in the world 3. cook
but could make the most delicious dishes. One time, I just 4. and couldn’t wait for the Spring Festival dinner. As I was 5. √
about∧take a picture from a cooked duck, I saw Grandma in 6. to
the kitchen looking at me. Shake her hand, she said, ‘It 7. Shaking isn’t a good time to do that, dear.’ At once I apologize 8. apologized and controlled me at my best till the dinner started. You 9. myself know, that was a dinner we had waited for several month.”10. months 分析：
1. boy是可数名词，第一次提到，前面必须加a
2. 本句是说：欢渡春节。

When在此多余.
3. 用词不当，cooker：炊具。

Cook：厨师。

4. 前后两个分句是并列关系。

6. be about to do something 是固定句型。

7. Shake her hand在本句中做伴随状语。

应该用ing形式。

8. 全句都在叙述过去的事，用过去时。

9. 本句是说：控制自己。

宾语应改为反身代词。

10. several后的名词应是复数形式。