高中英语必修一Unit1 语法 直接引语与间接引语

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如果是在当天或在原地转达， 则上述时间状语 或地点状语 一律不变。
直接引语的句型变化
一. 直接引语如果是陈述句，变为间接引语时，用 连词that引导（that在口语中常省略）
语序: 不变 1. She said “ I’ll come this evening.”
2. My sister said to me, “I’m leaving tomorrow.”
“二随宾”是指直接引语变间接引语时 ，若从句中的主语及宾语是第二人称或 被第二人你所修饰。从句中的人称要跟 引号外的主句的宾语一致。如果引号外 的主句没有宾语。也可以用第一人称， 如：
He said to Kate. "How is your sister now?”
→He asked Kate how her sister was then。
Eg2. He said to me, “Will you be free tomorrow?”
注意：与or或 or not连用时，不用if，要用
whether.
二. 直接引语如果是一般疑问句，变为间接引语 时，要把疑问句语序改为陈述句语序。 用whether或if引导。主句中的动词是said时改为 asked，没有间接宾语的，可以加一个间接宾语。 Eg1. He said, “Are you a student?” He asked me whether I was a student.
He asked him _w__h_en____h_e_ _w__o_u_l_d_ buy the red coat.
3. Shirley asked me “Where were you born?”
Shirley asked me _w_h_e_r_e___ I_____w_a_s___ born.
记住： 动词时态的变化
直接引语
间接引语
一般现在时
一般过去时
现在进行时
过去进行时
一般过去时
过去完成时
现在完成时
过去完成时
一般将来时
过去将来时
注意：以下几种情况时态 不变 ①直接引语是客观真理。
The teacher said "The earth moves around the sun .” → The teacher said me the earth moves around
三. 直接引语是特殊疑问句,仍用原来的疑问词
引导。 语序: 陈述（即主语在前，谓语在后）
1.“What do you want?” he asked me. He asked me what I wanted.
2. The teacher asked, “Why do you want to do that?” The teacher asked us why we wanted to do that.
Jack said. "I was born on April 2l, 1980." →Jack said he was born on April 21, 1980.
记住：指示代词、时间状语、地点状语和
动词的变化
直接引语
间接引语
指示代词 this, these
that, those
时间状语 地点状语
She asked me if I agreed with her. 4) Anne asked her mother, “Is there any delicious food to eat?”
Anne asked her mother if there was some delicious food to eat.
3. She said, “Where have you been?” She asked me where I had been.
4. He asked me, “Which is the best?” He asked me which was the best.
四. 直接引语是祈使句变为间接引语的方法 间接引语应改为 “tell (ask, order等) sb (not) to do sth.”句型。
“第三人称不更新”是指直接引语变间 接引语时。如果从句中的主语及宾语是 第三人称或被第三人称所修饰从句中的 人称一般不需要变化如：
Mr. Smith said, “Jack is a good boy.”
→Mr. Smith said Jack was a good boy.
Exercises:
now today yesterday tomorrow this week next week... here
then that day the day before the next day that week... the next week
there
动词
come
go
this
that these
Betty says to Harry (that) she wants to borrow his Book. 2).My teacher said , “she is a good student.” My teacher said that she was a good student. 3) She asked me,” Do you agree with me?”
1. She said to me “ Why are you interested in science?”
She asked me __w__h_y ___I__ _w__a_s__interested in science.
2. He asked him “when will you buy the red coat?”
Direct speech and Reported speech
直接引语与间接引语 Grammar in Use
By Lv Dong
•Period 1
Direct speech 直接引语
Reported speech 间接引语.
直接引述别人的 话，要加引号
用自己的话转述 别人的话，不用 引号
一、如何变人称： 口诀：一随主。二随宾，第三不变。
3.He said, “My mother is not here now.”
直接引语的句型变化
一. 直接引语如果是陈述句，变为间接引语时，用 连词that引导（that在口语中常省略）
语序: 不变 1. She said “ I’ll come this evening.” She said (that) she would go that evening. 2. My sister said to me, “I’m leaving tomorrow.” My sister told me (that) she was leaving the next (following) day. 3.He said, “My mother is not here now.”
5) “ What are you going to do?” he asked.
6）“How do you go to school every day?” asked Mr. Zhang.
7). Mom said,“ Don‘t chat with strangers．”
8). “ Go shopping with me, please?” said Mr. Wang .
1.She said, “ Don’t talk.”
2.She said, “Be quiet.”
3.She said, “Put up you hands if you have any questions.
四. 直接引语是祈使句变为间接引语的方法 间接引语应改为
“tell (ask, order等) sb (not) to do sth.”句型。 1.She said, “ Don’t talk.” She asked the children not to talk. 2.She said, “Be quiet.” She asked me to be quiet. 3.She said, “Put up you hands if you have
• “一随主”是指在直接引语变间接引语时，如果从 句中的主语是第一人称或被第一人称所修饰。从 句中的人称要按照主句中主语的人称变化
• She said. "My brother wants to go shopping with me. ”
• →She said her brother wanted to go shopping with her.
He said (that) his mother was not there then.
二. 直接引语如果是一般疑问句，变为间接引语 时，要把疑问句语序改为陈述句语序。 用whether或if引导。主句中的动词是said时改为 asked，没有间接宾语的，可以加一个间接宾语。 Eg1. He said, “Are you a student?”
4. “ What’s wrong with you?” Lily asked me.
Lily asked me ___w_h_a_t___w_a_s___w_r_o_n_gwith __m__e_.
5. The girl asked me “What happened?”
The girl asked me ___w_h__a_t __h__a_p_p_e_n__e_d.
Eg2. He said to me, “Will you be free tomorrow?” He asked me if/whether I would be free the next day.