必修一unit1语法知识讲解

直接引语中的助动词 shall should will would may might can could must
间接引语中的助动词 should
should（不变） would
would（不变） might
might（不变） could
could（不变） must / had to
I am good at dancing.
随 称变间引后与主 “ you must get she must get up
宾 句宾语的人称保 up early.”
early.
持一致
三 引号内的第三人 She said to me , She told me that
不 称在变间引后人 “ They want to they wanted to
Be quiet! He ordered/told
me to be quiet!
结论
直接引语是疑问句，变间接引语时， 要从疑问语序变为陈述语序。
直接引语是一般疑问句,变为间接引语
时,用连词if或whether连接。
直接引语是特殊疑问句,变为间接引语 时,仍用原来的疑问词作连词来引导。
结论
直接引语是祈使句，变成间接引语，把 动词原形变成动词不定式;否定句，在动 词不定式前加not或never. 并根据语气的不同在动词不定前加tell, ask, order ,beg ，advise等动词。
here come, bring
间接引语
that, those then, that day
that week the day before the week before four days before
two days before
the next day the next month
there go, take
人称的变化 ：一随主，二随宾，第三人称不更新
口诀
说明
直接引语
间接引语
Байду номын сангаас
一 引号内的第一人
随 称变间引后与主 She said,“ I like She said that she
主 句主语的人称保 Tennis.”
liked tennis.
持一致
二 引号内的第二人 He said to Lily, He told Lily that
She said she was good at dancing.
I visited the Great Wall yesterday.
She said she had visited the Great Wall the day before.
Do you like flowers?
She asked me whether/if I liked flowers?
变 称不变
help him.”
help him.
指示代词
时 间 状 语
地点状语 方向性动词
直接引语
this, these now, today
this week yesterday last week four days ago the day before yesterday tomorrow next month
Where are you She asked me
going for your where I were going
holiday?
for my holiday.
Follow me, please!
Don’t make noise!
He asked me to follow him.
He ordered/told me not to make noise.
转换步骤:
“I don’t like computers,” Sarah said to her friends.
Sarah said to her friends that I don’t like
computers. Sarah said
she
didn’t
Sarah said to her friends that she didn’t like computers.
He said (to us) that he had been to the Great Wall.
He said, “I'll give you an examination next Monday.”
He told us that he would give us an examination the next Monday.
1. 转述他人的陈述→陈述句 2. 转述他人的疑问→一般疑问句 3. 转述他人的问题→特殊疑问句 1) He said , “I’m going to Beijing.” → He said that he was going to Beijing.
2) He asked, “Are you a teacher?” → He asked me if /whether I was a doctor.
3) She asked, “What are you doing?” → She asked me what I was doing.
陈述句
用连词that引导，that在口语中常省略。主句的 谓语动词可直接用引语中的said, 也可用told来 代替。注意，可以说said that, said to sb. that, told sb. that，但不可直接说told that 。 He said, “I have been to the Great Wall.”
必修一unit1语法
在直接引语变为间接引语时需要注意的变化
1. 注意时态的变化
主（句）过（去时）从（句）限过（去时）， 主现从不限， 真理永不变
2. 注意语序变化 陈述语序
3.注意引导词的选择
肯定句that、一般疑问句if/whether、wh—特殊疑问句
4. 注意人称、指示代词、时间、地点及个别趋向 动词的变化
一般疑问句 •间接引语用连词whether或if引导，原主句中 谓语动词said要改为asked (me/him/us等)，语 序是陈述句的语序。
He said, “Do you have any difficulty with pronunciation?” He asked (me) whether/if I had any difficulty with my pronunciation. He said, “You are interested in English, aren't you?” He asked whether I was interested in English.