高考英语语法精讲——主语从句

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高考英语语法精讲——主语从句

Grammar—the subject clauses语法—名词性从句之主语从句I、概述在复合句中起主语作用的从句叫主语从句。

引导主语从句的关联词有从属连词that、whether，关系代词：who, what, which , whom, whose, whatever, whoever, whomever, whichever；关系副词：when, where, how, why, however, whenever, wherever等。

含有主语从句的句子，谓语动词多用第三人称单数形式。

语序为陈述语序。

That you don’t like him is none of my business.你不喜欢她不管我的事。

What he said is true.Whether the football game will be played depends on the weather.II.分类详解1.从属连词that，whether引导的主语从句。

从属连词that，whether在主语从句中的作用只是引导主语从句，它们在从句中不做成分，不能省略。

Whether she will come or not is still a question. 她是否会来仍是一个问题。

That they will go is certain.他们去是肯定的。

2.it作形式主语引导主语从句。

如果主语从句太长，为避免句子结构头重脚轻，常用it作形式主语，而把主语从句放在主句谓语部分之后。

That引导的主语从句可用it代替，that 不可省略。

用作it作形式主语的结构：(1).It is/was +形容词+that 从句It’s natural that…很自然……It’s obvious that …显而易见……It’s fortunate that …幸运的是It’s (im)possible…（不）可能……It’s unlikely that…不可能It’s strange that…奇怪的是……(2).It is/was +名词+that 从句It’s a pity that…遗憾的是……It’s a fact that …事实是……It’s good news that…是好消息……It’s a wonder that…不足为奇……It’s an honour that…非常荣幸……It’s a shame that…真是可耻……It’s common knowledge that …是常识…(3).It is/was +过去分词+that 从句It’s not known that………不得而知It’s said that…据说……It’s reported that…据报道……It’s not decided that…尚未决定It’s believed that…据认为……It’s announced that…据宣布……It’s suddenly struck me that…我突然想到（感觉到）……(4).It +不及物动词+that 从句It seems that…似乎……It happened that…碰巧……It appears that…看来……It turns out that…结果……It occurs to me that…我突然想起……(5).其他It doesn’t matter …是无关紧要的It makes no difference …毫无区别……It is of little consequence that…无关紧要It is a pity that she has made such a mistake.It's strange that he didn't come yesterday.It is said that he has gone to Shanghai.(=He is said to have gone to Shanghai)It seems that he has seen the film.It occurred to me that I failed in the examination.It doesn’t matter whether he is wrong or not.It makes no difference to me whether you go or not.3、由关系代词引导的主语从句。

2023届高考英语语法名词性从句精讲之四大从句用法大全讲义

2023年高中英语语法名词性从句精讲之：四大从句用法大全主语从句主语从句的概念：如果一个句子在复合句中充当一个主语，那么这个句子就是主语从句。

主语从句通常由从属连词that，whether，if和连接代词what，who，which whatever，whoever以及连接副词how，when，where，why等词引导。

that在句中无词义，只起连接作用。

主语从句用法：1、主语从句的引导词：主语从句通常由连词that和whether、连接代词或连接副词以及关系代词型what引导：如：That he is still alive is a wonder. 他还活着，真是奇迹。

When we arrive doesn't matter. 什么时候到没有关系。

What we need is money. 我们需要的是钱。

What I want to know is this. 我想知道的就是这一点。

Whether they would support us was a problem. 他们是否会支持我们还是一个问题。

2、主语从句与形式主语it：有时为了考虑句子平衡，通常在主语从句处使用形式主语it，而将真正的主语从句移至句末。

这分三种情况：(1)对于以连词that引导的主语从句，通常用形式主语代主语从句：如：It's a pity that he didn't come. 很遗憾他没来。

(2)对于以连接代词(副词)引导的主语从句，可以使用形式主语代主语从句，也可直接在句首使用主语从句：如：Whether they would support us was a problem. 他们是否会支持我们还是一个问题。

It was a problem whether they would support us. 他们是否会支持我们还是一个问题。

(3)对关系代词型what引导的主语从句，通常不用形式主语，总是主语从句放在句首：如：What we need is money. 我们需要的是钱。

高中英语主语从句讲析课件可修改全文

2. It is true that the earth moves around the sun.
3. It is a pity that I missed the train.
4. It doesn’t matter whether he will come or not.
5. It seems that it is going to rain.
It’s likely/possible/important/necessary/clear that 很可能/重要的是…/必要的是…/很清楚… It+ be +名词+ that 从句 It’s no wonder that…并不奇怪/无疑
It’s a pity/a fact /a common knowledge (众所周知） / a common saying（俗话说）that It+ be + 不及物动词+ that从句 It seems/appears/happens that…显然、明显、碰巧
matter much.
if, whether都可表示“是否”, 但if不能引导位于主句之前的主语从句，它可以引导位于主句之后带有形式主语it的主语从句。
3. TWhhaatt the professor said is of great importance.
that引导主语从句时无词义。What the professor said表示“教授所说的”。
6. It happened that they didn’t know my address.
请你归纳？
T——h—a—t —a—s—t—o—r—m——is——c—o—m—i—n—g
is well reported

主语从句高考知识点总结

主语从句高考知识点总结主语从句是英语语法中非常重要的一部分，它在高考中经常被考查。

主语从句用来作为主句的主语，从句的谓语动词通常是单数形式。

这篇文章将对主语从句的用法进行总结和探讨，帮助同学们更好地掌握这一知识点。

主语从句在句子中起到了连接主句和从句的作用。

从句的引导词通常有以下几个：that、whether、what、who、which、whose、when、where以及how等。

在使用主语从句时，要注意根据句子的需要选择合适的引导词。

首先，我们来看一些常见的主语从句的句型。

一种常见的句型是"That + be动词"，例如："That he is coming is certain."，意思是“他来是确定的。

”另一种常见的句型是"It + be动词 + (形容词) + that..."，例如："It is important that we protect the environment."，意思是“保护环境是重要的。

”除了常见的句型外，主语从句还有其他几种形式。

一种形式是主语从句位于句首，例如："What she said is true."，意思是“她说的是真的。

”另一种形式是使用“whether”来引导主语从句，例如："Whether he will come or not is uncertain."，意思是“他是否会来是不确定的。

”在使用主语从句时，需要注意主语和谓语动词之间的一致性。

如果主语从句所引导的从句是一般现在时态，那么主句的谓语动词也应该使用一般现在时态。

同样，如果从句是一般过去时态，那么主句的谓语动词也应该使用一般过去时态。

例如："It is important that he studies hard."应该改为"It is important that he study hard."。

高中英语2024届高考名词性从句知识分类讲解(主语从句+宾语从句+表语从句+同位语从句)

高考英语名词性从句知识讲解名词性从句是指在复合句中起名词作用的句子，功能相当于名词词组。

名词性从句在复合句中能作主语、宾语、表语、同位语等，根据在句中的语法功能可分为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。

一、主语从句【定义】在复合句中，作主语的句子称为主语从句。

常见的连接词：（连接词在句中不能省略）that, whether, who, what, whatever, whoever, where, when, why, how等。

【用法】1.连接词 that 引导That we should learn English well is very important.主语从句中 we should learn English well句子完整，不缺成分，用that引导，that 不能省连接词whether，if 引导whether 引导的主语从句可放句首，也可放句中，表“是否”if 引导的主语从句只能引导动词后的宾语Whether I will go or not depend on the weather.It remains to be seen whether / if they can finish the task in time.2.连接代词what, who, which, whose, whatever, whichever，whoever等引导What matters most is your attitude.3.连接副词when，where，why，how等引导How he made it is still unknown.4.it作形式主语为了避免句子头重脚轻，通常把形式主语it放在句首，真正的主语放在句子后面。

常见句型：(1) It is + n.+ that + 句子It is +（a pity / a shame / a fact …）+ that ...(2) It is + adj.+ that + 句子It is +（true / clear / important …）+ that ...(3) It is + 过去分词 + that + 句子It is+ said / announced / expected / believed / hoped… + that ...(4) It seems /appears / happens / turned out that + 句子(5) It hit sb./occurred to sb.that + 句子二、宾语从句【定义】在复合句中，作宾语的句子称为宾语从句。

高考英语主语从句知识点

高考英语主语从句知识点主语从句是英语语法中的一个重要知识点，也是高考中经常考察的内容之一。

掌握主语从句的使用方法和注意事项，对于提高语法准确性和阅读理解能力都非常有帮助。

本文将介绍主语从句的定义、使用时的注意事项以及一些常见的主语从句的句型。

一、主语从句的定义主语从句是指在一个句子中充当主语的从句。

它通常由连词that, whether或if引导，也可以由关系代词what, who, which,whom等引导。

二、主语从句的使用注意事项1.主语从句的用法多样化，可以表示陈述、疑问、建议、要求等不同的意义。

在使用时需要根据具体语境进行选择。

2.如果主语从句谓语动词是不及物动词，需要用it作形式主语。

例如：It is important that we study hard.3.在表示是否时，通常用whether或if引导主语从句。

例如：Whether you go or not is up to you.4.在表示疑问句时，常用疑问词引导主语从句。

例如：What you said is not clear.5.当主语从句与主句的主语一致时，可以用it作形式主语。

例如：It's a pity that you missed the party.三、常见的主语从句句型1.由that引导的主语从句。

例如：That he is rich is well known.2.由wh-词引导的主语从句。

例如：What she said is true.3.由whether或if引导的主语从句。

例如：Whether he will come to the party remains to be seen.4.由it作形式主语的主语从句。

例如：It doesn't matter whether you come or not.5.句型：It is + adj. + that从句。

例如：It is important that we protect the environment.四、主语从句的练习题1. ______ you have any questions, please feel free to ask. (whether/if)2. ______ he will pass the exam is still unknown. (that)3. ______ are you going to give your presentation? (where)4. ______ I owe you an apology is obvious. (that)5. ______ he is doing now is to prepare for the final exam. (what)答案：1. Whether2. That3. Where4. That5. What通过以上介绍，我们了解了主语从句的定义、使用注意事项以及常见的句型。

高中英语主语从句

高中英语主语从句主语从句，在英语语法中，是一个句子作为主语，它可以是陈述句、疑问句或者是特殊疑问句。

这种从句在高考英语中占据了重要的地位，因此，理解和掌握主语从句的用法对于高中生来说至关重要。

我们要理解什么是主语从句。

主语从句就是一个句子在复合句中充当主语，例如：What he said is not true.在这个句子中，“What he said”就是一个主语从句。

主语从句有三种类型：陈述句、疑问句和特殊疑问句。

陈述句作为主语从句时，通常以that引导，例如：That he will come to the party is certain.疑问句作为主语从句时，通常以whether或what引导，例如：Whether he can come is still a question.特殊疑问句作为主语从句时，通常以who、what、which等引导，例如：Who will come is not clear.在理解了主语从句的基本概念和类型之后，我们还需要掌握如何正确使用主语从句。

使用主语从句时，需要注意以下几点：主语从句的引导词要使用正确；主语从句的时态要和主句保持一致；主语从句的语序要使用陈述句语序。

除了正确使用主语从句，我们还需要理解主语从句的省略情况。

在某些情况下，主语从句可以省略掉that，例如：It is certn (that) he will come.这种情况下，it是形式主语，真正的主语是that he will come。

高中英语主语从句是一个重要的语法知识点，需要我们熟练掌握并正确运用。

只有通过不断的练习和学习，我们才能在高考中取得优异的成绩。

（2）主语从句一般用什么引导词？引导词在从句中担任什么成分？（3）主语从句的时态有什么特殊之处？请举例说明。

（4）主语从句与宾语从句、表语从句有什么异同点？通过预习题，我们对主语从句有了初步的了解。

接下来，我们将深入学习主语从句的构成、用法以及与其他从句的区别。

2023年高中英语语法精讲之主语从句详细讲解

2023年高中英语语法精讲之主语从句详细讲解主语从句结构及用法在句子中担当主语的从句就叫做主语从句，通常放在主句谓语动词之前或由形式主语it代替，而本身放在句子末尾。

通常结构为“引导词 + 主语 + 谓语 + 其他成分"。

一. 概念：在句子中担当主语的从句就叫做主语从句，通常放在主句谓语动词之前或由形式主语it代替，而本身放在句子末尾。

主语从句使用陈述语序，其通常结构为“引导词 + 主语 + 谓语+ 其他成分", 但当连接代词同时充当从句主语时，其结构为“连接代词 + 谓语 + 其他成分”。

二. 引导词：1. that引导eg. That you are coming to London is the best news I have heard this long time.2. whether引导eg. Whether they would come to conference was a question.3. 连接代词引导: who,whom, whose, what, which, whoever, whomever, whichever, whatevereg. Whoever is top from wins the game when two matched players meet.4. 连接副词引导: therefore, besides, otherwise, however, moreover, still, thus, meanwhileeg. How this happended is not clear to anyone.5. 关系代词型what引导三. 形式主语it:1. 对关系代词型what引导的主语从句，可以使用形式主语。

eg. It is clear enough what he meant.2. 如果句子是疑问句，则必须用带形式主语it的结构.eg. Is it true that all of us need to to conference?主语从句有哪几类如果一个句子在复合句中充当一个主语,那么这个句子就是主语从句。

202X年高中英语语法精讲之主语从句详细讲解

202X年高中英语语法精讲之主语从句详细讲解篇幅可能不够详细介绍主语从句的用法，以下是关于主语从句的详细讲解。

主语从句是一个从句，在句子中作主语，用来说明主要的动作、情态、状态或者事物等。

主语从句常常以连接词引导，如that, whether, who, what, which, when, where, why, how等。

以下是一些主语从句的示例：1. Whether he will come to the party is still unknown.（他是否会来参加派对还是未知的。

）2. What she said surprised me.（她说的话让我感到惊讶。

）3. When the train will arrive is uncertain.（火车什么时候到达还不确定。

）4. That he won the first prize is beyond doubt.（他获得了一等奖是毫无疑问的。

）主语从句在句子中起到了一个引导句子的作用，它的来源可以是一个完整的句子或者一个独立的分句。

主语从句的连接词起到了将从句引导进入主句并起到连接两者的作用。

主语从句的连接词有多种选择，根据具体的语境来选择适当的连接词。

下面是一些常用的连接词及其用法：第1页/共4页1. That：用来引导主语从句时，that可以省略，但在正式的英文中，通常还是保留that。

例如：- That he is innocent is crystal clear.（他的清白是显而易见的。

）- Whether he will come or not is still unknown.（他是否会来还是未知的。

）2. Whether：用来引导主语从句，表示“是否”。

例如：- Whether we can win the game is still uncertain.（我们能否赢得这场比赛还不确定。

）- Whether it will rain tomorrow remains to be seen.（明天是否会下雨还需要观察。

主语从句高考知识点总结

一、主语从句的定义主语从句是一个句子中作主语的从句。

主语从句通常由连接词引导，例如that, whether, who, whom, whose, which, what, 等等。

主语从句在句子中担任主语的角色，也就是说，它起着说明中心事实或判断的作用。

二、主语从句的结构1. 连接词 + 主语从句连接词即引导主语从句的词语，常见的连接词有that, whether, who, whom, whose, which, what等。

例如：What he said is true.（他说的是真的。

）2. 主语从句 + 谓语 + 宾语/表语主语从句通常接在谓语动词之后，谓语之后可以是宾语或表语。

例如：Who will win the game is not yet known.（谁将赢得比赛尚未得知。

）三、主语从句的用法1. 说明中心事实或判断主语从句通常用来说明一个中心事实或判断，表示一个动作或状态。

例如：What he does is none of my business.（他做的事对我无关。

）2. 引出提问有时候主语从句用来引出提问，表示对某一事实或情况的疑问。

例如：What happened to Tom is still a mystery.（汤姆发生了什么事情还是个谜。

）3. 引导宾语从句有时主语从句还可以引导宾语从句。

例如：What he said is not true.（他说的不是真的。

）4. 引导表语从句主语从句也可以引导表语从句。

例如：What I want is a peaceful life.（我想要的是一种和平的生活。

）1. 主语从句中的谓语动词应该根据主语从句的人称和数保持一致。

例如：What he says is true.（他说的是真的。

）2. 主语从句中的连接词不能省略。

例如：I don’t know who will come.（我不知道谁会来。

）3. 主语从句中的连接词有时候可以省略。

202X年高中英语语法精讲之主语从句详细讲解

千里之行，始于足下。

202X年高中英语语法精讲之主语从句详细讲解主语从句是指在一个句子中充当主语的从句。

下面是202X年高中英语语法精讲之主语从句的详细讲解：1. 主语从句的引导词：主语从句的引导词有：that, whether/if。

例如：- That he has passed the exam is good news.- Whether he will come to the party is still unknown.- If it will rain tomorrow worries me.2. 主语从句的用法：（1）主语从句可以替代整个句子作为主语。

例如：- What he said is true. (He said something.)- Whether you like it or not doesn't matter. (You like it or not doesn't matter.)（2）主语从句的谓语动词通常为单数形式，与从句中的主语一致。

例如：- What she wants is a new car. (What she wants = She wants a new car.)- Whether he is responsible for the accident is still under investigation. (Whether he is responsible for the accident = He is responsible for the accident.)3. 主语从句的位置：第1页/共2页锲而不舍，金石可镂。

通常，主语从句位于句首，后面跟着一个逗号。

但如果主句以it作为形式主语，主语从句则位于句尾。

例如：- How the accident happened is still a mystery. (主语从句位于句首) - It is a mystery how the accident happened. (主语从句位于句尾)4. 不定式作主语：不定式也可以作为主语，表示未定的动作或状态。

高考英语语法主语从句课件

例:(1).When we’ll start tomorrow will be told soon. (2).Where we can buy oxen is something we need to find out. (3).Why he came here is not known. (4).How we can protect the grain from damp needs to be discussed. (5).How many people died from starvation that
It has not been decided where the meeeting is to be held. 在哪里开会还没决定。 It is sheer luck that the miners are still alive 10 days after. 十天后矿工还活着完全是靠运气。
插入语
What makes this slump different from the last, he says, is that there are still buyers in the market.
谓语
表语从句
解密句
What makes this slump different from the last, he says, is that there are still buyers in the market.
will be produced next year. (5).Whatever he said was right. (6).Whoever goes there must get ready by 6
o’clock.
3）主语从句中用陈述语序,后面的谓语动词用第三人称单数 4）“what”引导主语从句时，谓语动词：

高中英语知识点归纳主语从句的用法

高中英语知识点归纳主语从句的用法主语从句是英语语法中的一个重要知识点。

它用于修饰主句的主语，并在句子中起到名称、代词或名词性从句的作用。

通过使用主语从句，可以使句子结构更加丰富多样，表达更加具体清晰。

下面是对主语从句的用法进行归纳总结。

1. 引导主语从句的连接词：主语从句通常由从属连词引导，常用的引导词有：- That：常用于陈述句中，作为连接词引导主语从句。

例如：“That he is a talented singer is widely known.”- Whether/if：用于疑问句或选择句中，引导主语从句。

例如：“Whether he will come or not is still uncertain.”- Who/whom/whose：用于引导讨论人的主语从句。

例如：“Who will be the next president is under discussion.”- What/which：用于指代事物的主语从句。

例如：“What happened yesterday is beyond my control.”2. 主语从句在句子中的位置：主语从句通常在句子中作为主语出现，放在句首。

例如：“Why he left in such a hurry is still a mystery.”3. 动词形式与主语从句：主语从句的谓语动词形式与从句中的主语保持一致，即采用单数或复数形式。

例如：“What I want is a peaceful life.”4. 主语从句的时态：主语从句的时态通常与主句时态保持一致。

例如：“That she has passed the exam is a great relief to her parents.”5. 特殊情况下的主语从句：在某些特殊情况下，主语从句中的谓语动词应为不定式形式。

如：- It + be + 原形动词 + that从句：例如“It is important to study hard.”- There + be + 名词 + that从句：例如“There is no doubt that he is telling the truth.”通过对主语从句的学习与理解，可以更好地运用它，丰富句子结构，使语言表达更加准确、流畅。

高考英语复习课件：主语从句讲解课件

killed in the accident.
*__It__is__s_u_g_g__e_s_t_e_d__th_a__t __(建议)we should eat
more vegetable and do more exercise.
4) It +不及物动词+从句
It happened that...
Who will host the meeting hasn’t been decided yet.
Which plan is better should be discussed.
Whoever comes to China is welcome.
Whatever you do in your spare time should do no harm to others.
Beijing 7. I don’t know whether he’s free or not. 8. Mary asked whether I was doing my homework or not. 9. I’m thinking of whether we should go fishing. 10. We are worried about whether it will rain tomorrow.
判断下列从句： 1.China is no longer what she used to be. 2.The question remains whether they will be able to help us. 3.It seemed as if I couldn't think of the right word.
It is a pity/shame that... 遗憾的是…… It is a surprise that…令人惊奇的是… It is a fact that… …是事实 It is common knowledge that… …是常识

高中英语语法-主语从句(共22张PPT)

Whom she borrowed money from still puzzled him. Which side will win is not clear. What she said today was quite right.
7
When he will be back depends on the weather. Where the test will be given is not yet decided. Where and when he was born is a secret. Why he came here is not known. How we can protect the endangered animals
turning white.
√ A. while B. that
C. if
D. for
5._______ he said at the meeting shocked
everybody present.
√A. What B. That C. The fact D. The matter
6._________ we can't get seems better than
9
四、it 可作形式主语
为了使句子保持平衡，避免头重脚轻,经常用 it 作形式主语,主语从句放在后面作真正的主语. 其结构为：
It + 谓语动词/系动词 + 宾语/表语 + 主语从句. 例如:
That we shall be late is certain. = It is certain that we shall be late. 1. That the earth is round is known to all. = It is known to all that the earth is round. 2. whether they would support us was a problem . = It was a problem whether they would support10us.

（完整）高中英语主语从句全面讲解

（完整）高中英语主语从句全面讲解语法——Noun clauses as the subject主语从句如果一个句子在复合句中充当一个主语, 那么这个句子就是主语从句。

①That he finished writing the composition in such a short time surprised us all.②What we need are good doctors.③Whom we must study for is a question of great importance.1.主语从句的连接词1).连接词: that, whether①.That he will win is certain.②.Whether he’ll join us in the discussion is of great importance.2).连接代词: who, what, which, whom , whose, whoever, whatever, whichever①.It is clear who is afraid of having a change in land ownership.②.What India needs is a law to make land ownership fairer.3).连接副词: when, where, why, how, how many, how much , how long, how soon, how often①When we’ll start tomorrow wil l be told soon.②Where we can buy oxen is something we need to find out.③Why he came here is not known.④How we can protect the grain from damp needs to be discussed.【连接词】1. that——That t he earth moves around the sun is well known.2. whether——Whether he will come or not is not known yet.3. who ——Who will be sent there has not been decided.4. what——What you need is more practice.5. which——Which one is the best is not clear.6. when, where ——Where he has gone is a question.7. why, how——Why there is gravity is hard to understand.How he can earn a living in Britain remains a big problem.8. whoever、whatever、whichever可引导主语从句。

高中英语知识点归纳主语从句的引导词与用法总结

高中英语知识点归纳主语从句的引导词与用法总结主语从句是英语中常见的一种从句类型，用于引导句子的主语。

它可以由多个引导词来引导，这些引导词在语法和用法上略有不同。

本文将对高中英语中主语从句的引导词和用法进行总结。

一、引导词的分类主语从句的引导词可以分为以下几类：1. Wh-引导词：who, whom, whose, which, what, when, where, why, how等。

这类引导词通常用于提问，引导主语从句时可以替代句子中的主语部分，用来引导对主语进行提问的从句。

2. Whether和if：这两个引导词在引导主语从句时可以互换使用，用于表示“是否”的意思。

通常用在动词后面，引导一个带主语从句的宾语。

3. It：主语从句中的主语部分有时可以用it来表示，特别是当主语从句较长或复杂时，为了简化句子结构，可以用it作为形式主语。

4. That：that可以引导主语从句，表示“那”，用于强调主语从句的真实性和确定性。

二、用法总结1. Wh-引导词的用法：a) Who, whom, whose用于引导指人的主语从句。

例如：Who is going to the party?b) Which用于指物的主语从句。

例如：Which book is on the table?c) What用于引导不定性的主题从句，通常可以替代who或which。

例如：What makes you think that?d) When用于引导表示时间的主语从句。

例如：When is the meeting?e) Where用于引导表示地点的主语从句。

例如：Where is the nearest hospital?f) Why用于引导表示原因的主语从句。

例如：Why did she leave early?g) How用于引导表示方式、方式和程度的主语从句。

例如：How she won the competition remains a mystery.2. Whether和if的用法：a) Whether和if都可用于引导主语从句，表示“是否”。

高考英语专项复习主语从句详解.doc

主语从句详解一、概述在句子中起名词作用的各种从句统称为名词性从句 . 根据它们在句中的语法作用 , 这类从句又可分为主语从句、同位语从句、表语从句和宾语从句 .二、主语从句主要有四类（1）由连词 that 引导的主语从句 : 引导词 that 无含义 / 在句中不做成分 / 不可以省 .例如： That you will win the medal seems unlikely.That you are so indifferent bothers me.That she survived the accident is a miracle.（2）用连词 whether引导的主语从句: whether 有含义 ( 是否 )/ 在句中不做成分/ 不可以省.注意：引导主语从句 ,不能用if,只能用whether.例如： Whether we will hold a party in the open air tomorrowdepends on the weather.Whether she is coming or not doesn’t matter too much.（3）用连接代词引导的主语从句在由连接代词 who, whose, whom, which, what, whoever, whomever, whichever, whatever 引导的名词性从句中 ,其连接代词在句中起名词性作用,担当一定成分.例如： What you need is more practice. What I want to knowis this.Whatever we do is to serve the people.注： whatever / whoever的功用whatever, whoever在主从句中不含疑意. 它引主从句 ,.并在从句中作主、、表等whatever = anything that; whoever = anyone who. 要注意和whatever, whoever引的步状从句的区.Whoever breaks the law should be punished.（主从句）（＝ Anyone who breaks the law should be punished.）Whoever breaks the law, he should be punished.（步状从句）（＝ No matter who breaks the law, he should be punished.）（4）用接副 when, where, why, how 引名性从句 ( 其接副有含 , 在句中作状 .)例如 :Where we should leave it is a problem.When they will come hasn’t been made pubic.三、注意点 : it构成的主从句（1）由 that 引的主从句 , 在多数情况下放到句子的后面 , 而用代 it 作形式主 .例如： That light travels in straight lines is known to all.=It is known to all that light travels in straight lines.When the plane is to take off has not been announced .= It has not been announced when the plane is to take off.( 但当 what 引的主从句表示“⋯的西” , 一般不用 it 作形式主 .):It is a book what he wants.:What he wants is a book.另外 ,需要注意的是, it作形式主代替主从句, 要注意和 as 引的定从句的区. 比：It was reported that the US was under the terrorist attack.As was reported, the US was under the terrorist attack.（2）常用 it作形式主的复合句构A. It is +名+从句It is a fact that⋯事是⋯⋯It is good news that⋯⋯⋯是好消息It is a question that⋯⋯⋯是个It is common knowledge that⋯⋯⋯是常似的名有： a pity ；a wonder ；a good thing ；no wonder ；surprise等.例如： It is a mystery to me how it all happened.It is necessary that⋯有必要⋯⋯It is clear that⋯很清楚⋯⋯It i s likely that⋯很可能⋯⋯It is important that⋯重要的是⋯⋯似的形容有： Strange; natural;obvious; true; good; wonderful; possible; unlikely; quite;unusual;certain;evident;worth-while;surprising; interesting; astonishing, etc.例如： It is doubtful whether she will be able to come.It was really astonishing that he refused to talk to you.It is essential that he should be here by the weekend.It seems obvious that we cannot go on like this.It is necessary that you（should）master the computer.It is important that a student learn English well.It is likely that a hurricane will arrive soon.需要注意的是 ,主从句中,很多“ （should）＋原形” ,即要用虚气.C. It is +去分+从句It is said that⋯据⋯⋯It is reported that ⋯据道⋯⋯It has been proved that ⋯已明⋯⋯It must be proved that ⋯必指出⋯⋯似的去分有： known; estimated; expected; believed; thought;hoped; noted; discussed; required;decided; suggested; demanded; made clear; found out,etc.例如： It is thought that he is the best player.It is estimated that the vase is 2000 years old.It is used to be thought that a new star must be due toa collision between two stars.It has not been made clear when the new road is to beopened to traffic.It is said that he was killed in the earthquake.D. It seems（happened / appears / doesn’t matter / ma kes nodifference / occurred⋯）that⋯It seems that they will win the game.It makes no difference whether he will attend the meeting or not.It does not matter if I missed my train.It happened that I saw him yesterday.主从1._____ as much is not used.A. The estimate as one-fifth of all timberB.TheharvestedestimatedC. They are estimatedD. It is estimatedthat2._____ some mammalscame to live in the sea is not known.A. WhichB. SinceC. A lthough3. _____ dance of weourD. Howhave achievedparents.is attributed to the guiA. WhoeverB. WhateverC. Howeve rD.That4. _____ wealthy does not necessarily mean that a man is greedy.A. For the reason that he isB. Jus t because he isC. The reason of beingD. T hat he is5.Although ___ happened in this developed countrysounds like science fiction,it could occur elsewhere in the world.A. whichB. whatC.ho wD. it6. _____ she had forgotten to take her notebook.A. That occurred to herB. She occurred thatC. To her that occurredD.It occurred to her that7. I am sure that_____ she said is wrong.A. whichB. allC. thisD.what8. We lost our way in the forest,and ____ made matters worse was that it was getting dark.A. thatB. whichC.it D.What9. _____ or not isA. He’s comingIf he is coming still uncertain.B.C. That comingD. Wheth er he’s coming10. It ’s _____ he’ll be able to come.A. doubt whetherB. doubtfulC. doubtit D. doubtful whether11. ______ he is at work in the heart of the big city or at home in the quiet suburb, Dick’s life is tied to machines.A. WhetherB. TillC. IfD. Unless12. _____ he saw both surprised and frightened him.A. ThatB. WhenC. WhatD. Which13. _____ is warm sunshine.A. What do we all need.B. Wha t all we needC. What we needD. What we all need14. _____ is a pity that he should feel so upset.A. WhatC. He15. _____ a spoonful about the structure ofandB. ThatD. Itsoil can tellearly historyusofsothemuchmoon.A. RemarkableB.Q uite remarkablyC. It is remarkable thatD. I t is remarkable fact that16. _____ you nominate will be elected.A. WhoB. WhomC. WhomeverD. That ’s17. _____ book you borrow must be returned withina week.A. WhatB.WhichC. WhicheverD. That ’s18. _____ of us gets home first starts cooking.A. WhoB.WhichC. WhicheverD.Anyonemakes mistakes must correct them.A. WhatB. ThatC. WhoeverD. Whatever2.It worried her a bit ____ her hair was turning grey.A. whileB. thatC. ifD. forand why he came here ________ yet.A. is not knownB. are not knownC. has not knownD. have not known4.________ is no reason for dismissing her.A. Because she was a few minutes lateB. Owing to a few minutes lateC. The fact that she was a few minutes lateD. Being a few minutes late5.________ Tom liked to eat was different from ________.A. That ⋯that you had expectedB. What ⋯that you had expectedC. That ⋯what you had expectedD. What ⋯what you had expected wego swimming every day ________ us a lot of good. A. If...do B.That...do C. If...does D. That...does________ Bob drives badly.A. thinks thatB. is thought whatC. thought thatD. is thought that's uncertain ________ the experiment is worth doing.A. ifB. thatC. whetherD. howthe boy didn't take medicine made his mother angry.A. ThatB. WhatC. HowD. Whichwe can't get seems better than ____ we have.A. What, whatB. What, thatC. That, thatD. That,what you don't like him is none of my business. A.What B. Who C. That D. Whether12..____ we'll go camping tomorrow depends on the weather.A. IfB. WhetherC. ThatD. Wheregoing to do the job will be decided by the Party committee.A. ThatB. WhyC. HowD. Who'll finish translating the book depends on the time.A. WhenB. WhyC. WhatD. Thatwon't go there is clear to all of us.A. HowB. WhatC. WhyD. Thishouse will be built will be discussed at tomorrow's meeting.A. IfB. WhereC. ThatD. Whatcome or not is up to you.A. WhatB. IfC. WhyD. Whethermistakes must correct them.A. WhoB. AnyoneC. WhoeverD. Anybodywill win the match is a matter of public concern.A. WhichB. ThatC. IfD. How20.Whois this factory __________ some foreign friends visited last Friday?A. thatB. whereC. whichD. the onethis factory you visited the other day?A. thatB. whereC. in whichD. the onethe room last ought to turn off the lights.A. AnyoneB. The personC. Whoever表语从句1、概述用作表语的从句叫作表语从句,它位于主句中的连系动词之后. 引导表语从句的词有从属连词that 、whether 、as though(if)；关系代词who, what, which, whom, whose, whatever, whoever, whomever, whichever 等；关系副词 when, where, why, how, however, whenever,wherever 等. 可以接表语从句的连系动词由be, look, remain, seem等.That 引导表语从句时 ,在口语中,间或可以省略.The trouble is that we are short of money.困难是我们资金短缺.That is why stone walls are used instead of fences around New England fields. 这就是为什么在新英格兰用石头墙而不用栅栏的原因.At that time, it seemedas if I couldn't think of the right word anyhow.当时 , 我似乎怎么也想不出一个恰当的字眼来 .2、由从属连词 that, whether 引导的表语从句 .that 在引导表语从句时无词义 , 而 whether 有词义 , 意为、“是否”.这时主句的主语常常是些抽象名词 , 如 question( 问题 ), trouble( 麻烦 ), problem( 问题 ), result( 结果 ), chance( 可能性 ), suggestion( 建议 ), idea( 想法 ), reason( 理由 ) 等. 表语从句对主句主语进行说明、解释 , 使主语的内容具体化 .The trouble is (that) she has lost his money. 麻烦的事是他丢了钱 .The question is whether we need more ice cream. 问题是我们是否还需要一些冰淇淋 .The problem was that it was too valuable for everyday use.问题是它作为日常之用太贵重了.What she couldn ’t understand was that fewer and fewer studentsshowed interest in her lessons.我们不能理解越来越少的学生对他的课不感兴趣 .3、由关系代词引导的表语从句.关系代词who, what, which, whom, whose, whatever, whoever,whomever, whichever 等引导表语从句 ,在句中作主语、宾语、表语,关系代词不能省略 .The question is which of us should go. 问题是我们哪一个应该去.The problem was who could do the work.问题是谁能做这项工作.That's what he is worrying about.那就是他在担心的事.That's what we should do.那是我们应该做的.4、由关系副词引导的表语从句.Go and get your coat. It's where you left it.去把雨衣拿来.就在你原来放的地方 .I had neither a raincoat nor an umbrella. That ’s why I got wet through.我们既没伞也没雨衣 , 这是我们淋湿的原因 .That is how mice ruin many stores of grain every year.那就是老鼠是怎样每年损害大量粮食的.That is what he is worried about.5、由连词 because, as if/as though It looked as if it was going to snow. That's because we never thought of it. 那就是他所担心的 .等引导的表语从句 .看起来好像要下雪了 .这是因为我们从未想过此事.It seems as if he didn’t know the answer.好像他不知道答案. 可以接表语从句的系动词有：1：be（ being,been,am,is,are,was,were)2:feel , seem , look, appear ,sound,taste , smell3:stand , lie , remain ,keep, stay4:become ,get , grow , turn ,go ,come, run,fall5:prove, turn out系动词的固定搭配 :come true, fall asleep, fall ill, go bad, come right, run wild 连接词：that / whether /as if /asthough (if不引导表语从句)连接代词： who / whom / whose / which/ what连接副词： when / where / why / how /because注：引导表语从句的连词that 间或可以省略 .The truth is（that）I didn't go there.事实是我没去那儿. ［考题 1］ The traditional view is ____ we sleep because our brain is“programmed” to make us do so.A. whenB. whyC. whetherD. that［答案］ D［解析］下划线处之后是包含一个原因状语从句的表语从句, 如果看不出它是充当整个句子结构的表语从句将难以把握整个句子的意思 . 因此 ,应选择可引导名词性从句且不充当任何成分的that.［考 2］ You are saying that everyone should be equal, and this is ____ I disagree.A. whyB. whereC. whatD. how［答案］ B［解析］下划的引引系is 后的表从句并在表从句中充当地点状 ( “disagree ”属于不及物 , “I disagree ”本身是完整的主构 ), 下划填入引where,表从句“ where I disagree”的意思是“我不同意之、我不同意的地方”.［考 3］— I drove to Zhuhai for the air show lastweek.— Is that ____ you had a few days off?A. whyB. whenC. whatD. where［答案］ A［解析］下划的引引与系is 用的表从句并在表从句中充当原因状, 下划填入表示“因此⋯⋯” ( 指因某种原因所造成的果) 的引［考 4］ ____ she couldn ’t understand why.was ____ fewerand fewer students showed interest in her lessons.A. What; whyB. That; whatC. What; becauseD. Why; that［答案］ A［解析］第一个下划的引引主从句并在主从句中充当,特指她所不理解的事情,填入关系代型的引what ；第二个下划表示“因此⋯⋯”( 指因某种原因所造成的后果,由why引的名性从句) 而不是“什么⋯⋯” ( 指原因、理由,由because引的名性从句), 填入引 why.［考 5］ ____ made the school proud was ____ more than 90% of the students had been admitted to key universities.A. What; becauseB. What; thatC. That; whatD. That; because［答案］ B［解析］第一个下划的引引主从句并在主从句中充当主, 特指令校方傲的事情, 用关系代型的引what ；第二个下划引表从句表示原因、理由 , 由 that引的名性从句.［考 6］— Are you still thinking about yesterday ’s game?—Oh, that ’s ____.A. what makes me feel excitedB. whatever I feel excited aboutC. how I feel about itD. when I feel excited［答案］ A［解析］ A 的意思是“令我感激的事物”； B的意思是“我得激的任何事物”； C 的意思是“我它感的方式”； D 的意思是“令我感激的”. 四个中 A 最适合跟代表“game”的主that , 充当表从句 .表从句与从句的关系不属于的宾语从句和表语从句都属于名词性从句. 其作用跟名词在句中的作用相同. 故充当宾语的句子叫宾语从句,充当表语的句子叫表语从句 .宾语从句(1)对于宾语从句要掌握以下三点①语序 :从句的语序必须是陈述句语序,即“主语+谓语”这种形式.②时态 : 当主句是一般现在时或一般将来时的时候 , 从句可以是任何时态 , 而当主句是一般过去时的时候 , 从句 , 从句时态必须是过去时范围的时态 , 即 ( 一般过去时 , 过去进行时 , 过去完成时 , 过去将来时 ).③连接词 : 当从句意思完整 , 主句意思肯定时 , 连接词用 that,且可以省去 , 当从句意思完整 , 主句意思不确定或含否定含意时 ,常用if或whether(是否),当从句意思不完整时,连接词则是代替不完整部分的特殊疑问词.表语从句在句子中起表语作用的从句叫做表语从句,位于主句系动词的后面 . 表语从句的引导词和主语从句的引导词相同. 也是名词性从句的一种 .如： What the police want to know is when you enred red the room 警察想知道的是你什么时候进的房间.The The trouble is that we are short of funds 困难是我们缺乏资金.This This is what we should do这是我们应当做的.That ”s s why I want you to work there那就是我要你在那儿工作的原因.His His first question was whether Mr. Smith had arrived yet 他的第一个问题是史密斯先生到了没有.注意：从句中的疑问句用正常语序, 即陈述语序.as as if, as though, becau也可用来引导表语从句She She seems as if she had done a great thing来好像做了一件大事. .她看起It It is because you eat too much那是因为你吃得太多了.表从练习一1.The question is ________ we will have our sports meetnext week.A. thatB. ifC. whenD.whether2．The reason why he failed is ________he was too careless.A. becauseB. thatC. forD.because of3. Go and get your coat. It’ s ________you left itA. whereB. thereC. there whereD. wherethere4．The problem is _________to take the place of TedA. who can we getB. what we can getC. who we can getD. that we can get5. What I want to know is ______ he likes the gift given by us.A. thatB. ifC. whetherD.不填6. The reason is_________I missed the bus.A. thatB. whenC. whyD. what7. That is __ ___ we were late last time.A. thatB. whenC. whyD. what8. She looked _________ she were ten years younger.A. thatB. likeC. asD. as though9. —I fell sick!--I think it is _______ you are doing too much.A. whyB. whenC. whatD. because10. The reason why he hasn’t come is ___________.A. because his mother is illB. because of hismother’s being illC. that his mother is illD. for his mother isill11. — He was born here.-- That is _______ he likes the place so much.A. thatB. whatC. whyD.howis ______ Lu Xun once lived.A. whatB. whereC. thatD.Why二1．_______your father wants to know is________ getting on with your studies.A. What; how are youB. That ；how you areC. How；that you areD. What ；how you are2. The trouble is__________we are short of tools.A. whatB. thatC. howD. whythat3. America was __________was first called “India ” by Columbus.A. whatB. whereC. the placeD. there where4.China is becoming stronger and stronger. It is nolonger_________ .A. what it used to beB. what it was used to beingC. what it used to beingD. what it was used to be5. ________he really means is ________he disagrees with us.A. What ⋯ thatB. That ⋯ whatC. What ⋯ whatD. That ⋯ what6. The energy is ________ makes the cells able to do their work.A. thatB. whichC. whatD. Such三1. I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week .—Is that_____ you had a few days off？A. why B .what C. when D. where2.I had neither a raincoat nor an umbrella ____I got wetthrough.A. It ’s the reasonB. That ’s whyC. There’s whyD. It ’s how3. See the flags on top of the building? That was ______ we did this morning.A. whenB. whichC. whereD. what4. --- Are you still thinking about yesterday ’s game?---Oh, that ’s _____.A. what makes me feel excitedB. whatever I feel excitedaboutC. how I feel about itD. when I feel excited5.What surprised me was not what he said but ______ he saidit.A. the wayB. in the way thatC.in the wayD. the way which1.The question is ________ we will have our sports meet next week.A. thatB. ifC. whenD.whether2．The reason why he failed is ________he was too careless.A. becauseB. thatC. forD.because of3. Go and get your coat. It ’ s ________you left itA. whereB. thereC. there whereD. wherethere4．The problem is _________to take the place of TedA. who can we getB. what we can getC. who we can getD. that we can get5. What I want to know is ______ he likes the gift given by us.A. thatB. ifC. whetherD. 不填6. The reason is_________ I missed the bus.A. thatB. whenC. whyD. what7. That is __ ___ we were late last time.A. thatB. whenC. whyD. what8. She looked _________ she were ten years younger.A. thatB. likeC. asD. as though9. —I fell sick!--I think it is _______ you are doing too much.A. whyB. whenC. whatD. because10. The reason why he hasn ’t come is ___________.A. because his mother is illB. because of hismother’s being illC. that his mother is illD. for his mother isill11. — He was born here.-- That is _______ he likes the place so much.A. thatB. whatC. whyD.howis ______ Lu Xun once lived.A. whatB. whereC. thatD.why13．_______your father wants to know is________ getting on with your studies.A. What; how are youB. That ；how you areC. How；that you areD. What ；how you are14. The trouble is__________ we are short of tools.A. whatB. thatC. howD. whythat15. America was __________was first called “India ” by Columbus.A. whatB. whereC. the placeD. there where16.China is becoming stronger and stronger. It is nolonger_________ .A. what it used to beB. what it was used to beingC. what it used to beingD. what it was used to be17. ________he really means is ________he disagrees with us.A. What ⋯ thatB. That ⋯ whatC. What ⋯ whatD. That ⋯ what18. The energy is ________ makes the cells able to do their work.A. thatB. whichC. whatD. such19 —I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week.—Is that_____ you had a few days off？A. why B .what C. when D. where20 .I had neither a raincoat nor an umbrella ____I got wetthrough.A. It ’s the reasonB. That ’s whyC. There’s whyD. It ’s how21.See the flags on top of the building? That was ______ wedid this morning.A. whenB. whichC. whereD. what22. --- Are you s till thinking about yesterday’s game?---Oh, that ’s _____.A. what makes me feel excitedB. whatever I feel excitedaboutC. how I feel about itD. when I feel excited23.What surprised me was not what he said but ______ he saidit.A. the wayB. in the way thatC.in the wayD. the way which综合练习1.It has been proved _________ eating vegetables in childhood helps to protect you against serious illnesses in later life.A. ifB. becauseC. whenD. that2. The last time we had great fun was ________ we were visitingA. whereB. howC. whenD. why3.________ matters most in learning English isenough practice.A. WhatB. WhyC. WhereD. Which4.The traditional view is ______ we sleep because our brainis “programmed” to make use do so.A. whenB. whyC. whetherD. that5.______ parents say and do has a life-long effect ontheir children.A. ThatB. WhichC. WhatD. Asis our belief that improvements in health care will lead toa stronger, more prosperous economy.A. AsB. ThatC. ThisD. It7. ______ team wins on Saturday will go through to the national championships.A. No matter whatB. No matter whichC. WhateverD. Whichever8.You are saying that everyone should be equal, and this is______ I disagree.A. whyB. whereC. what .D how9. After Yang Liwei succeeded in circling the earth, ____ our astronauts desire to do is walk in space.A. whereB. whatC. thatD. how10. I think Father would like to know ______ I’ve been up to so far, so I decide to send him a quick note.A. whichB. whyC. whatD. how11. Our country is developing at an amazing speed, and this is ______ makes me feel so proud.A. whatB. whichC. thatD. why12.________ puzzles the scientists how these creaturescan survive in such severe conditions.A. WhatB. AsC. ThatD. It13._____ leaves the room last ought to turn off the lights.A. AnyoneB. WhoC. WhoeverD. The person14. Inside the White House, there is a room called the OvalOffice. That ’s _______ the presid ent works.A. wheyB. whenC. whatD. where15.______ you will be admitted to York University will bedecided by the Admission Committee.A. ThatB. WhetherC. WhatD. If16.The reason ____ I plan to go is _____ she will bedisappointed if I don’t.A. why; thatB. that; becauseC. which; becauseD. why; for17.We sell handmade gifts. _____gift you order from us isunique for the special person!A. WhichB. ThatC. WhicheverD. What。