《数据库原理(第6版)英文版》教学课件—ch06Database Administration
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deadlock
6-2
ቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱ
Chapter Objectives (Cont’d)
• Learn the difference between optimistic and pessimistic locking
• Know the meaning of ACID transaction • Learn the four 1992 ANSI standard isolation
– The data is even readable when it is locked for update.
6-10
Concurrency Control (continued)
• Interdependency
– Changes required by one user may impact others.
• Concurrency
– People or applications may try to update the same information at the same time.
• Record retention
– When information should be discarded
6-12
Transaction Example I
Figure 6-3: Comparison of the Results of Applying Serial Actions Versus a Multiple-Step Transaction
Concurrency Control
• Concurrency control ensures that one user’s actions do not adversely impact another user’s actions.
• At the core of concurrency is accessibility. • In one extreme, data becomes
levels • Understand the need for security and specific
tasks for improving database security • Know the difference between recovery via
reprocessing and recovery via rollback/rollforward
6-4
Heather Sweeney Designs
Database Design
5-5
Heather Sweeney Designs:
HSD Database in Microsoft SQL Server 2012
Figure 6-1: The HSD Database in Microsoft SQL Server 2012
• Before an operation is committed to the database, all LUWs must be successfully completed.
– If one or more LUW is unsuccessful, a rollback is performed and no changes are saved to the database.
6-8
Control, Security and Reliability
• Three necessary database administration functions are:
– Concurrency control – Security – Backup and Recovery
6-9
6-3
Chapter Objectives (Cont’d)
• Understand the nature of the tasks required for recovery using rollback/rollforward
• Know basic administrative and managerial DBA functions
6-6
Heather Sweeney Designs:
HSD Database Diagram in SQL Server 2012
6-7
The Database Processing Environment
Figure 6-2: The Database Processing Environment
inaccessible once a user touches the data.
– This ensures that data that is being considered for update is not shown.
• In the other extreme, data is always readable.
Chapter Six
Database Administration
Chapter Objectives
• Understand the need for and importance of database administration
• Learn different ways of processing a database • Understand the need for concurrency control,
6-11
Need for Atomic Transactions
• A database operation typically involves several transactions.
• These transactions are atomic and are sometimes called logical units of work (LUW).
security, and backup and recovery • Learn about typical problems that can occur when
multiple users process a database concurrently • Understand the use of locking and the problem of
6-2
ቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱ
Chapter Objectives (Cont’d)
• Learn the difference between optimistic and pessimistic locking
• Know the meaning of ACID transaction • Learn the four 1992 ANSI standard isolation
– The data is even readable when it is locked for update.
6-10
Concurrency Control (continued)
• Interdependency
– Changes required by one user may impact others.
• Concurrency
– People or applications may try to update the same information at the same time.
• Record retention
– When information should be discarded
6-12
Transaction Example I
Figure 6-3: Comparison of the Results of Applying Serial Actions Versus a Multiple-Step Transaction
Concurrency Control
• Concurrency control ensures that one user’s actions do not adversely impact another user’s actions.
• At the core of concurrency is accessibility. • In one extreme, data becomes
levels • Understand the need for security and specific
tasks for improving database security • Know the difference between recovery via
reprocessing and recovery via rollback/rollforward
6-4
Heather Sweeney Designs
Database Design
5-5
Heather Sweeney Designs:
HSD Database in Microsoft SQL Server 2012
Figure 6-1: The HSD Database in Microsoft SQL Server 2012
• Before an operation is committed to the database, all LUWs must be successfully completed.
– If one or more LUW is unsuccessful, a rollback is performed and no changes are saved to the database.
6-8
Control, Security and Reliability
• Three necessary database administration functions are:
– Concurrency control – Security – Backup and Recovery
6-9
6-3
Chapter Objectives (Cont’d)
• Understand the nature of the tasks required for recovery using rollback/rollforward
• Know basic administrative and managerial DBA functions
6-6
Heather Sweeney Designs:
HSD Database Diagram in SQL Server 2012
6-7
The Database Processing Environment
Figure 6-2: The Database Processing Environment
inaccessible once a user touches the data.
– This ensures that data that is being considered for update is not shown.
• In the other extreme, data is always readable.
Chapter Six
Database Administration
Chapter Objectives
• Understand the need for and importance of database administration
• Learn different ways of processing a database • Understand the need for concurrency control,
6-11
Need for Atomic Transactions
• A database operation typically involves several transactions.
• These transactions are atomic and are sometimes called logical units of work (LUW).
security, and backup and recovery • Learn about typical problems that can occur when
multiple users process a database concurrently • Understand the use of locking and the problem of