英语连词复习资料(PPT)

七. whether 和 if 的区别
1. I don’t care whether he will attend my birthday party or not. I don’t care whether or not he will attend my birthday party . 和not连用
连接副词：when，where，why， how，wherever, whenever
从属连词：用来连接各种从句。 2. 状语从句 引导时间状语从句连词有：as, when, while, till, not…until…, until, before, since, as soon as, hardly/scarcely…when, no sooner..than,once, the moment, the minute that, by the time 引导让步状语从句连词有： although, though, even if, even though, no matter+who(what, when, how, where) 或 whoever,whatever, wherever, however等 as, though(要用倒装)
not only…but also， both…and
neither…nor.
b. 转折关系：but，yet，or.
c. 因果关系：for，so. d. 选择关系：or，either…or.
并列连词连接两个分句，构成并列句。
1. and
Now stop blowing, and soon you will find the glass clear again.
3. or
The elephant isn’t like a wall, or a spear, or a snake, or a tree, neither is he like a fan.
在否定句中并列成分的列举通常用or来连接， 不用and。
从属连词：用来连接各种从句。 1. 主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句 连接词有：that, if, whether, as 连接代词：who，whom，whose，what which, whatever, whoever, whichever
4. The question whether we will take part in the physics contest has not been decided. The question is whether we can finish the task on time.
引导同位语从句、表语从句，通常用whether
5. It depends on whether you want to do it or not.
whether可做介词的宾语从句的连接词
Practice: or 1. Hurry up, ______ you’ll be late. and you’ll make progress. 2. Study hard, ______ but I failed. 3. I had tried hard, ______
从属连词：用来连接各种从句。 3. 定语从句 • 关系代词：who，whom，whose，which，that • 关系副词：when，where，why 4. 同位语从句 同上（除 that 外）
区别几组同义词连词:
一. when，while，as “当…时”
* when + 持续性V. // +终止性V.
Ten minutes earlier, and we could have caught the last bus.
and 在此表示条件，等于 if you stop blowing now, you …….
If we came here ten minutes earlier, we……
2. not only…but also/ as well as
e.g.
e.g.
He was doing his homework when I came in.
Strike while the iron is hot. I like tea while she likes coffee .
* while +持续性动作 ，表示“在…时”; 表示对比“而”
* as + 延续性动词 ---“当…的时候”; “一边…一边” e.g. I met her as I was coming home. (=when) She sang as she walked home.
As he talked on he got more and more excited.
二 . because(因为)，since（既然）, as(由于) , for (因为)
* “Why did you move there?” Because “________my father found a job there.” because he was tired •The man fainted(晕倒)_________ and hungry. As * ______it is known to all, the earth moves round the sun. Since you can’t answer the question, perhaps * _______ we’d better ask someone else.
bus.
“结果” It was very cold, so that the water in the bowl froze. “结果” She took medicine on time so that she might “为了” get well soon.
so…that ；such…that “如此…以致于”
1 回答why问句时 3 被 not 否定时 2 用于强调句型中
三. so that “以便，为了” (表示目的) = in order that
so that “以致于，结果”(表示结果)
He got up early so that he could catch the first bus. “为了” He got up late so that he didn’t catch the first
分开。
表示不知道的原因，语气最弱，是 It’s morning now, 可说可不说的话，只能放在主句后，for the birds are 而且必须与前面的分句分开。for前 singing. 有“逗号”
for
Since everybody is since 表示已知原因，since比as 正式一点。 here, let’s start. / as 通常放在主句前。 下列情况只能用because
小结： such + 名词（词组） that so
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六. if , whether “是否” • She asked ___________ whether / if I took sugar in my tea. • I don’t care ____it doesn’t rain. if whether it rain or not. = I don’t care ________ Whether •________ he will come or not is unknown. whether •They discussed__________they should help her. whether to go. •We are considering _________ whether they will finish the •It is still a question ________ task in time.
when 4. I was going to jump into the river _____
the guide called out to me. both read German _______ and 5. She could ______
speak it well.
or either do it yourself ______ 6. You may ______
从属连词：用来连接各种从句。 2. 状语从句 引导原因状语从句连词有：because,as for,since,now that 引导地点状语从句连词有：where, wherever 引导目的状语从句连词有：so that, in order that 引导结果状语从句连词有：so…that, such…that 引导方式状语从句连词有：as, as if (though) 引导比较状语从句连词有：than, as 引导条件状语从句连词有：if, unless, so(as) long as, in case, once, as far as, on condition that
we worked it out in the end.
10. She had much difficulty in studying so English, _____we should give her more help.
2. I haven’t decided whether to leave or not.
whether可接不定式
3. Whether they will go to the Great Wall is not known.
引导主语从句，放在句首时，只能用whether
whether 和 if 的区别
so beautiful a park that people enjoy playing in it. It is _____
so much ink in the bottle that you can use it. ⑷ There is ____
⑸ There are ____ many texts in the book that we can’t finish learning so this term. +形容词/副词 that
⑴ 他是如此聪明的男孩,我们大家都喜欢他. such a clever boy that all of us like him. He is _______ ⑵ 她被吓坏了,以致哭了起来. so frightened that she started crying. She was _____ ⑶ 这是一个如此美丽的公园，以致人们喜欢在里面玩.
Not only the mother but also the children are sick.
不但妈妈而且孩子也病了。
The mother as well as the children is sick.
不但孩子们而且妈妈也病了。
连接主语时， 强调的方面不同，谓语动词在 人称、数上也要调整。
for she * The old lady doesn’t go out in winter, _____ feels the cold a great deal.
类别 作用
because
例句 表示不知道原因，可放在句首或句 I am leaving 末，句首要用逗号分开。句末不需 because I am full.
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概念
• 连词是一种虚词,它不能独立地担任 句子成分,只是连接词与词、短语与 短语以及句子与句子的作用。 • 英语中连词只要分两类：并列与从 属连词。 并列连词：用来连接平行的词、短 语或分句。 从属连词：用来引导一个从句。
并列连词： a. 并列关系：and，as well as, either…or
leave it to me.
neither can my sister. 7. I can’t swim, _________
8. It must be raining, _______ it is so dark for outside.
otherwise 9. The problem was very hard, _________,