(word完整版)9BU4知识点梳理,推荐文档

9B Chapter Four

All about films and TV Lan guage Points:

II. Word study

A: Reported speech （间接引语）

用自己的话引述别人的话时，被转述的话不放在引号内，称为间接引语。间接引语在大多数情况下是一个宾语从句。直接引语变成间接引语时，人称，时态，语序等都可能发生变化。

1•时态变化

直接引语改为间接引语时，如果主句中的谓语动词是过去时，则从句中的

谓语动词是过去时，则从句中的谓语动词要变成过去时范畴的各种时态，变化

女口：He says, “I have finished my homework”

f He says that he has finished his homework.

She will say, “ I'll do it tomorrow. ”

f She will say that she'll do it the n ext day.

The girl said, 'm sorry for being late for class”

f The girl said that she was sorry for bein

g late for class.

He said to me, mefy our father”

f He told me that he had met my father.

She said, wHlego to see his frie nd.”

f She said he would go to see his friend.

She said. havIe lost a pen”

f She said that she had lost a pen

She said to me, “I ' ng Japanese these day s.

f She told me that she was studyin

g Japa nese those days.

3)当主句是过去时态时，时态也有不需要变化的情况。

直接引语中是：

①.客观真理：

“ The eartgoes around the surf, said the teacher.

f The teacher said the earth goes around the sun.

②.有具体的过去年月日：③.过去完成时：④.过去进行时：

⑤.情态动词没有过去时的形式(ought to, had better, used to)或已经是过去时的形式时(could,

should, would, might):

2. 人称变化(一般遵循这句顺口溜一随主，二随宾，第三人称不更新”)

1) . 一随主”是指引号内的主语人称是第一人称或被第一人称修饰，变间接引语时，人称要变成引号外的主语人称。如：

①.They said, “ We will go there by bus.”

f They said they would go there by bus.

②.She said “My sister wants to go with me.”

f She said (that)_her sister wan ted to go with her.

2) .二随宾”是指引号内的主语及宾语是第二人称或被第二人称修饰，变间接

引语时，人称要变成引号外的宾语人称。如果引号外没有宾语，也可以用第一人称。如：

①.She said to me, “Are you interested in scienee?

f She asked me if_ was interested in scienee.

②.He said to Kate. "How is your sister now?"

f He asked Kate how her sister was the n.

③.She said, Your pronunciation is better than his”

f She told me that _my pronun ciati on was better tha n his.

3) .第三人称不更新”是指引号内的主语及宾语是第三人称或被第三人称修

饰，变间接引语时，人称一般不需要变化。如:

①.His mother said to me, He can't go to school”

f His mother told me that he could n't go to school.

②.Mr. Smith said, "Jack' s brother is a good worker."

f Mr. Smith said Jack' s brother was a good worker.

3. 指示代词变化

1) .this ——that

He said, “I wthiis.” f He said that he wan ted that.

2) .these --- those

He said, "These books are mi ne."f He said that those books were his.

4. 句型变化

①直接引语如果是陈述句，间接引语应改为由that引导的宾语从句。

She said, "Our bus will arrive in five minutes. “

f She said that their bus would arrive in five minu tes.

②直接引语如果是反意疑问句，选择疑问句或一般疑问句，间接引语应改为由whether或if引导的宾语从句(宾语从句必须用陈述语序)。

He said, "Can you swim,John? -“He asked Joh n if he could swim.

“ D(you go to school by bus or bybike? ”

f He asked me if I went to school by bus or by bike.

③直接引语如果是特殊问句，间接引语应该改为由疑问代词或疑问副词引导的宾语从句(宾语从句必须用陈述语序)。

She asked me, "When do they have theid inner? ”

f She asked me whe n they had their dinner.

④直接引语如果是祈使句，间接引语应改为“Tell (ask, order, beg 等)sb (not) to do sth.句型。