综英第3册unit5练习答案教程文件

综英第3册u n i t5练

习答案

Unit 5

Text Comprehension

I. C

II. TTTFF

III. 1. Refer to Para.2-5. Professor DePaulo’s study suggests that lying is a common phenomenon and most of the lies we tell are small and insignificant. Meanwhile, as she points out, it is common that people take lies lightly: their lies have caused them little preoccupation or regret.

2. Refer to Para.

3. According to the passage, the purpose of telling lies or white lies varies: women tell lies according to the principle of caring, or to spare other’s feelings, and men tell lies basically for utilitarian self-promoting purposes.

3. Refer to Para.7-10. The story of Tom supports the argument that little white lies are ubiquitous, and people have taken such lies for granted, believing that they are well-intended. When he consulted with Michael Josephson, the reply is very negative: his mother-in-;aw may feel hurt when she discovers the deceit some day. Or even worse, she may question: “And what else have you lied to me about?” In short, such white lies may produce mistrust among people.

4. Refer to Para.12-1

5. The consequences of lying are three-fold: the deceived may feel cheated and won’t trust the liar any more; the liar will lose trust and get entangled in the lies he fabricates; and, if lies proliferate endlessly, society as a whole would falter and collapse as trust is damaged or destroyed.

5. Refer to Para.1

6. Not all white lies are unacceptable. Some falsehoods like setting somebody up for a surprise party or telling children about the tooth fairy can be justified. However, you have to consider the attitude of the deceived towards lying and the consequences, i.e. whether your act will undermine his trust in you.

IV.1. When we start to tell a lie, we have entered a very intricate situation, as a lie often requires other lies until the whole structure of lies becomes so complex that it ensnares the liar.

2. One is less inhibited from lying; his ability to make moral right and wrong judgments is dulled, and he may become less cautious against being caught.

3. The most understandable and acceptable lies are those which are told for the sake

of love and care at the expense of trust, according to the ethicists.

Vocabulary (Pp. 83-84)

I. 1. earth-shattering→ very important/shocking/traumatic

2. spare the other’s feelings→ avoid hurting the other’s feelings/ avoid doing something that would upset the other person

3. shaping or spinning the truth →telling the truth with a favorable emphasis or slant/modifying the truth

4. a slippery slope→a course of action which can easily lead to something unacceptable, wrong, or disastrous

5. at all costs/ at any cost→under any circumstances/ whatever might happen II. 1. supportive 2. perceived 3. prevarication 4. astounded

5. undermine

6. faltered

7. fibs

8. volunteered

III. (Word Derivation)

1) unethical

ethic n.→ ethical a.→ unethical a.

伦理学是哲学的分科。

Ethics is a branch of philosophy.

他的行为不太道德。

His behaviour has not been strictly ethical.

2) feigned

feign v.→ feigned a.

有些动物遇到危险时便装死。

Some animals feign death when in danger.

他大发雷霆，不知是真的还是假的。

He was consuming with indignation, real or feigned.

3) unsparing

spare v.→ sparing a.→ unsparing a. → unsparingly ad.

他们把男人都杀了，但放过了孩子。

They killed the men but spared the children.

尼任斯基对演技精益求精一丝不苟。

Nijinsky was unsparing in his demands for perfection.

他强迫自己拼命干。

He drove himself unsparingly.

4) cynical

cynicism n. → cynic n.→cynical a.

他的话带着强烈的讽刺。