2003年10月-托福听力真题(含答案和文本)

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2003年10月TOEFL(托福)真题试卷(题后含答案及解析)

2003年10月TOEFL(托福)真题试卷(题后含答案及解析)

2003年10月TOEFL(托福)真题试卷(题后含答案及解析)题型有:1. Listening Comprehension 2. Structure & Written Expression 3. Reading ComprehensionSection One:Listening Comprehension1.A.She is younger than her sister.B.she does not spend much time with her sister’s children.C.she does not get along well with her sisterD.she no longer resembles her sister.正确答案:D解析:M: Oh, so, it was your sister you were walking with yesterday. You don’t really look very much alike. W: No, we did when we were kids, but not anymore.What does the woman mean?2.A.Paper plates are cheaper than dishes.B.Dishes break more easily than paper plates.C.There is no need to wash any dishes now.D.The woman’s roommate will return soon.正确答案:C解析:W: I can’t believe my roommate still hasn’t washed the dishes. There is not a clean dish left for us to use.M: Don’t worry about it. Paper plates are fine.What does the man mean?3.A.She has not applied to any universities yet,B.She will begin university classes in a few weeks.C.She does not know yet if a university will accept her.D.She is too busy to contact the university right now.正确答案:C解析:M: I hear you applied for several universities. Have you got accepted anywhere? W: I haven’t heard anything yet. But I should know something within the next few weeks.What does the woman mean?4.A.Reconsider his position laterB.Allow the student to miss classC.Lower the student’s gradeD.Suggest that the student try to reschedule the operation正确答案:B解析:W: Prof, I know your course has no absence policy. But I have to have foot surgery next Friday and can’t be here. M: Medical excuses are one of the few exceptions I make. What will the Prof probably do?5.A.He does not have enough money for the trip yet.B.He is planning to work during spring break.C.The trip is too far off in the future to think about.D.He has changed his mind about going to Canada.正确答案:A解析:W: By working through spring break, I managed to save up the 500$ for the trip to Canada this summer. How are you coming along?M: I’m still a way’s off.What does the man mean?6.A.The photograph is not good enough to send.B.The photograph was not taken at the Grand Canyon.C.They already sent Mary a photograph of their vacation.D.Sending pictures through the mail is too expensive.正确答案:A解析:M: I am just writing Marry about our vacation. Why don’t I enclose this picture of us in front of the Grand Canyon?W: Don’t you think it’s a little out focus?What does the woman imply?7.A.She should have asked to be excused from the trip.B.She deserves the zero.C.She is right to be angry.D.She should have gone on the field trip.正确答案:C解析:W: Oh, I am so angry. My biology Prof would not even let me try to explain why I missed the field trip. He just gave me a zero. M: That is not seemed fair.I would feel that way too if I were you.What does the man imply about the woman.8.A.He wants to live off campus.B.There are advantages and disadvantages to living off campus.C.Living space in the dorm is crowded.D.There are only a few apartments available off campus.正确答案:B解析:W: Have you guys decided whether you are going to get an apartment off campus next year or are you staying in the dorm?M: We are still talking about the pros and cons. I don’t know. To me it seems like six of one and half of dozen of the other.What does the man mean?9.A.Turn down the volume of the musicB.Turn the music offC.Play a different style of music.D.Listen to music in a different room,正确答案:C解析:W: What is that you are listening to? That beat’s so strong I can’t concentrate on my work.M: No problem. I can switch over to something lighter.What will the man probably do?10.A.It took a long time to finish the building.B.He was too busy to notice the opening of the hotel.C.He did not know the hotel had a restaurant.D.He would like to meet the woman for brunch next Sunday.正确答案:B解析:W: We had a delicious Sunday brunch at that new hotel downtown. You should try it sometime.M: I didn’t even know the building was finished. Shows how much I’ve been working lately.What does the man imply?11.A.Go to her class.B.Cancel her appointment with the president.C.Ask her professor to excuse her from class.D.Attend the presentation.正确答案:D解析:M: Hey, aren’t you going to the present’s presentation this morning. all class has been canceled so that everyone can come.W: Oh really? So much for my excuse I guess I have to join you then.What will the woman probably do?12.A.She admires Steve’s relationship with his father.B.She does not know Steve or his father.C.Her daughter is older than Steve.D.She disagrees with the man.正确答案:A解析:M: What a relationship Steven and his father have!W: Don’t they? I only hope my daughter and I can get along like that when she’s Steven’s age.What can be inferred about the woman?13.A.He has heard the new CD.B.He does not enjoy classical music.C.He is not interested in the CD.D.He rarely listens to music.正确答案:C解析:W: I just love this new CD. Have you heard it?M: I really don’t listen to popular music. I prefer classical.What does the man mean?14.A.Buy tickets for the next showing.B.Leave the theaterC.Change their seats for a better viewD.Ask the couple in front of them to be quiet正确答案:B解析:W: Sorry Sam, I just hate these kinds of movies. They always give me bad dreams. M: I agree, let’s go and see if we can get refund at the front window.What will the speakers probably do next?15.A.The library closes earlier during the summer.B.The library is closed during summer vacation.C.The library will be open until midnight tonight.D.She does not usually go to the library during the summer.正确答案:A解析:M: I thought the libraries stay open till midnight during the week.W: Well, their hours are shorter during the summer.What does the woman mean?16.A.She is sorry the man has to cancel the plansB.She wants to hand in her report early.C.She would like to go with the man.D.she does not usually enjoy the symphony.正确答案:C解析:M: I thought you’ve finished your report. So I got tickets for the symphony tonight.W: Well, it’s not done. But it’s not due till next week.What can be inferred about the woman?17.A.He has other plans for the eveningB.He is looking forward to attending the party.C.He often misses Linda’s parties.D.he wants to know if he should bring anything to the party.正确答案:B解析:W: Are you going to Linda’s party tonight?M: Are you kidding? I wouldn’t miss it for anything/What does the man mean?18.A.There is just about enough time to do the jobB.The desk has never been so orderly.C.The clock on the desk needs to be set.D.The desk really needs organizing.正确答案:D解析:M: I am going to straighten up my desk now.W: It’s about time.What does the woman mean?19.A.He enjoys looking at the flowers.B.He thinks the park is boring.C.He does not like walking with the woman.D.He does not see any trees.正确答案:A解析:W: I just love walking through this park. The tree is gorgeous.M: The trees? What about these wild flowers?What does the man mean?20.A.There are not very many hotels in the area.B.She stayed at the Clover Inn last month.C.She is not sure the man’s parents would like the Clover Inn.D.It may be too late to get a room at the Clover Inn.正确答案:D解析:M: My parents need a place to stay when they come to town next week. Do you have any suggestions?W: I’d like to recommend the Clover Inn to visitors. But unlike the other places in town, they are usually filled months in advance.What does the woman imply?21.A.Wait until later to eatB.Go to the cafeteria without herC.Bring her some food from the cafeteriaD.Meet her at the cafeteria正确答案:B解析:M: I am going to the cafeteria to grab a bite to eat. Want to come along?W: You go ahead. I am not really all that hungry.What does the woman suggest the man do?22.A.He has to work with his brother.B.He has no definite plans.C.He usually works on weekends.D.His plants depend on the woman.正确答案:B解析:W: Thank heaven it’s Friday. Are you doing anything special this weekend?M: Good question. To tell you the truth, my brother might be coming over and so everything is up in the air right now.What does the man mean?23.A.Buy stamps at the post officeB.Mail the woman’s billC.Drive to the woman’s houseD.Pick up a package from the post office正确答案:B解析:W: By the way, thank so much for offering to mail my bills this morning. I just didn’t have time to get over to the post office.M: Oh, my gosh. I am really sorry. I’ll go drop them in the box right now. What will the man probably do next?24.A.The woman should call Bill to check his schedule.B.The woman should have left for the airport earlier.C.The woman does not need to rush to meet Bill.D.Traffic near the airport could delay the woman’s arrival.正确答案:C解析:W: I’ve got the leave for the airport right away. Bill’s plane is due in an hour.M: Judging by the weather outside, I doubt that the plane will land on schedule.What does the man imply?25.A.She did better on the quiz than the man did.B.She did not have to take the quiz.C.She has not yet received her grade on the quiz.D.She did not do well on the quiz.正确答案:D解析:M: How did you do on the math quiz?W: Well, I am lucky that only counts for a small portion of our final grade for the course.What can be inferred about the woman?26.A.He will be happy to share their dessertB.He did not know what time he was supposed to arrive.C.He expected the traffic to be bad.D.He is not upset that they ate lunch.正确答案:D解析:W: Oh, hi, I hate to tell you but we’re done with lunch and dessert is on its way. We decided you weren’t going to show up. M: I can understand that. I’ve never seen such traffic. I am glad you didn’t wait. What did the man mean?27.A.She has to quit her job in the laboratory.B.She cut herself while working in the laboratory.C.She enjoys doing laboratory experiments.D.She feels that the man is dedicated to his work too.正确答案:C解析:M: I admire your dedication. I could never finish that long laboratory experiment by myself.W: I fell that I am cut out for that kind of work.What does the woman mean?28.A.Ask for directionsB.Try a different route to the beachC.Go back for the mapD.Cancel their trip正确答案:B解析:M1: Oho, I think we left that road map at home. Do you know how to get to the beach?M2: No, I didn’t. But since we haven’t gone very far, we might as well just turn around.What will the speakers probably do?29.A.He would like the woman to reschedule the meeting.B.He will meet the woman briefly on FridayC.The report will not be ready until Thursday.D.The report was finished last Friday.正确答案:A解析:W: I tentatively scheduled to meeting for Thursday to go over your inventory report. Assuming you can meet that deadline.M: Well, to be honest, even Friday might be pushing it a little. What does the man imply?30.A.Find out when the bookstore opensB.Withdraw some cashC.Inquire about a jobD.Spend her extra money on books正确答案:C解析:W: I need to bring in a little money. I wonder there are any openings at the bookstore.M: It’s worth going and asking.What does the man suggest the woman do?听力原文:W: Dr Manning, do you have a few minuets. I’d like to ask you about this fossil I found. M: Sure Jon. What have you got there?W: Well, it’s some kind of shellfish. I thought is might be a brachiopod, but I am not sure. I found it when I went out hiking last weekend.M: I think you might be right. It certainly appears to be a brachiopod. But it’s easy to confuse them with the bivalve mollusks. Superficially they resemble one another. Both have two shells for example.W: How can you tell them apart then?M: Well, there are some minor differences in the shell. A lot of brachiopods have ridge shells like this one. There are other distinctions of course. Internally they are quite different. Mollusks and brachiopods belong to different animal groups, and they have been in competition with one another millions of years ago. W: How old do you think this one is?M: It’s hard to tell. The earliest brachiopods were from the Paleozoic era, 300 to 500 million years ago. They were quite successful then in terms of number of species. It’s not out of the question that your fossil could be that old. W: Wow, that’s amazing. Kind of makes paleontology seem more interesting when you can hold it in your hand.M: You know that gives me an idea. Would you mind bring this to our next class? The others might find it interestingtoo.W: Well, I could. But if you don’t already have one in your collection, I thought you might as well keep it.M: That’s very kind of you.31.A.Ways to determine the age ora fossilB.The identity of a fossil the woman foundC.A comparison of two shellfish fossilsD.Plans for a field trip to look for fossils正确答案:B解析:What are the speakers mainly discussing?32.A.The class is going to study them.B.They evolved from brachiopods.C.They are similar to brachiopods in appearance.D.They belong to the same species as brachiopods.正确答案:C解析:Why does the professor mention bivalve mollusks?33.A.It has a ribbed shell.B.It has an unusually large valve.C.It was found near the water.D.It is smaller than a mollusc.正确答案:A解析:Why does the professor think the fossil might be a brachiopod?34.A.He has never seen a fossil that old.B.It could be many millions of years old.C.It is probably a recent specimen.D.He will ask the lab how old it is.正确答案:B解析:What does the professor say about the age of the fossil?35.A.Take it to classB.Put it in her collectionC.Take it to the labD.Leave it with her professor正确答案:D解析:What does the woman want to do with the fossil?听力原文:M: I am so relieved I just finished the story I was working on for our creative writing course.W: I haven’t quite finished mine yet. I had trouble getting pass the beginning.M: How come?W: Well, I was really happy to be writing a detective story. But after the first few pages, I sort of froze up mentally. I just couldn’t write any more.M: The same thing happened to me. I thought it meant I lack imagination. W: Well, Prof Wilson said it’s pretty common for writers to get stuck like tat.M: You went to talk to her about it?W: Actually, I went to ask for more time to finish the assignment. But instead she gave me some advise about how to keep from getting stalled writing like that. She said that the first thing I should do is just write anything that come into my head even if it doesn’t make any sense, sort of burble warm up exercise.M: That is interesting. When I got stuck, I shift to something else, you know, do some work for one of my other courses.W: Well, her methods seem have worked for me. I’ve written most of the story, and I should be able to hand it in on time. But first I need go to the jewelry store. M: You are going shopping? Can’t you wait until you finish your story? W: I am going there for my store. My detective solves a jewelry store robbery. So I want to take a look at how the jewelry cases are arranged, where the security cameras are located, that sort of thing.36.A.A jewelry store robberyB.Buying a birthday presentC.Writing a stowD.Doing research for a class assignment正确答案:C解析:What is the conversation mainly about?37.A.Her professor did not like her stow.B.She had trouble finishing her assignmentC.she did not like the topic she had chosen for her paper.D.She was taking too many courses.正确答案:B解析:What was the woman’s problem?38.A.Take some extra timeB.Do a writing exerciseC.Do some work for another courseD.Write the story ending first解析:What did the professor tell the woman to do?39.A.To go shoppingB.To do research for her stowC.To meet with her professorD.To take a break from her work正确答案:B解析:Why is the woman going out?听力原文:Today, we are going to talk about a special way some plants respond to being invaded by pests. The plants react by emitting a chemical signal, which acts like a call for help. Let’s take corn plants for example. Sometimes, caterpillars chew on the corn leaves. When the caterpillar saliva mixes with the chew portion of a leave, the plant releases a chemical scream that attracts wasps. The wasps respond to the signal by flying to the chewed on leave, and laying their eggs on the caterpillars. The caterpillars die in the next few days as the wasp offspring nourish themselves by feeding of them. Thus the corn plant prevents all its leaves from being eaten by the caterpillars. This chemical scream is specific. It’s only released after the plant has detected the caterpillar saliva. A plant that is cut by in the other means does not give off the same signal, nor doesn’t undamaged plants. This also explains how a wasp can find a caterpillar in a huge field of corn. Soybean, cotton and probably many other plants use similar type of defense against pests. By enhancing this natural response in plants, researchers might reduce, some day even eliminate, the need for chemical pesticide, which can cause ecological damage. For example, scientists might breed plants for this screaming trait, or they might transplant specific genes to increase the release of the chemical signals.40.A.To describe ways pests can damage plantsB.To examine the life cycle of caterpillarsC.To explain how com plants developD.To describe how a natural pesticide works正确答案:D解析:What’s the main purpose of the talk?41.A.Caterpillars chewing on its leavesB.Wasps laying eggs on its leavesC.Pesticides sprayed on its leavesD.Knives cutting its stalk解析:What causes the corn plant to emit the chemical signal?42.A.By flying in circles around a fieldB.By detecting a chemical signalC.By inspecting individual corn leavesD.By noticing the caterpillar’s coloration正确答案:B解析:How can a wasp find a caterpillar on a corn plant?听力原文:Today, we are going to continue our discussion of Buddhism. In our last class, we talked about how it practiced. Today, I’d like to talk a little about early Buddhism, which we really don’t know much about. Well, what is known is that the teachings of Buddhism were memorized, and passed on orally for centuries by its followers. Recently, there was an important discovery of Buddhist manuscripts that are believed to be the oldest ever found. They may be 2,100 years old. And there maybe as many as 20 of them. It’s expected that we will be able to learn from them about the spread of Buddhism from present day India into China, and throughout Asia. But the scrolls themselves have presented challenge too. They were very fragile, found rolled up in clay pots. Before they even could be looked at, they need to be dampened over night in fact, and then carefully flattened with tweezers. And it’s not that anybody could just sit down and read them. The scrolls were written in a language that is really rare today. Only a few people are proficient at it. Considering these challenges, it’s easy to understand why it takes scholars so long to examine the scrolls.43.A.Recently discovered manuscriptsB.Similarities among religionsC.Methods of analyzing ancient manuscriptsD.How ancient manuscripts are preserved正确答案:A解析:What is the main topic of the talk?44.A.The simplicity of their languageB.Their ageC.The location of their discoveryD.The material they are made of正确答案:B解析:According to the speaker, what’s one aspect of the manuscript that is verysignificant?45.A.Orally preserved teachingsB.A collection of lettersC.A diaryD.A scholarly article正确答案:A解析:What was an early source of information about Buddhism?46.A.Ancient settlers in AsiaB.How Buddhism is practiced todayC.The spread of Buddhism in AsiaD.Why some languages disappear正确答案:C解析:What do scholars expect to learn about from the manuscripts?47.A.The language they are written in is not widely known.B.They cannot be moved from where they were foundC.The writing in them has fadedD.Many people want credit for the discovery.正确答案:A解析:What has made it difficult to study the manuscripts?听力原文:About 200 years ago, the United States economy was growing quickly, mainly because a booming trade in grain and cotton. This trade is grain and cotton went on near areas near or at the cost, or near navigable rivers. It took place there because it was so expensive to transport goods over the roads that existed. They were muddy, narrow, and hard to travel on. At that time, don’t forget there was only one continuous road that existed in the US, and it was made up of north to south local country roads, linked together to get one long road. Within a short time, the first east-to-west roads were built. They were called turnpikes. Private companies built these roads, and collected fees from all vehicles traveled on them. Eventually, a network of dirt, gravel or plank roadways connected some major cities and towns. But even these turnpike roads were still very slow, and traveling on them was too costly for farmers. They would spend more money to move their crops than they got by selling them. So, we see that even with some major improvement in roadways, farmers still had to rely on rivers to move their crops to markets.48.A.The advantages of an economy based on farmingB.Reasons farmers continued using river transpertationC.The role of cotton in the United States economyD.Improved methods of transporting farm crops正确答案:B解析:What’s the talk mainly about?49.A.The new technology used to build roadsB.The ability to transport goods over landC.The trade in grain and cottonD.The linking of smaller local roads into one long road正确答案:C解析:According to the professor, what cause the growth of the US economy about 200 years ago?50.A.Reduced charges for transporting farm productsB.Required payment from vehicles that used their roadsC.Made repairs to older roadsD.Installed streetlights on roads connecting major cities正确答案:D解析:According to the professor, what did private companies do after they built new roads?Sections Two:Structure & Written Expression51.The musical comedy Oklahoma! did much to expand the potential of the musical stage, and it encouraged others to attempt ______A.original themesB.to original themesC.that were original themesD.how original themes正确答案:A52.Despite its fishlike form, the whale is ______ and will drown if submerged too long.A.an animal breathes air thatB.an animal that breathes airC.an animal breathes airD.that an animal breathes air正确答案:B53.The saguaro, found in desert regions in the southwestern United States,______cactus in the world.A.is the largestB.the largestC.that is the largestD.the largest that is a正确答案:A54.It is said that United Stales literature ______ individuality and identity in the twentieth century, after long imitation of European models.A.was achievedB.achievedC.to achieveD.achieving正确答案:B55.Lucy Stone, ______ first feminists in the United States, helped organize the American Woman Suffrage Association in 186A.the oneB.who was theC.anotherD.one of the正确答案:D56.______.. including climate, mineral content, and the permanency of surface water, wetlands may be mossy ,grassy, scrubby, or wooded.A.Depending on many factorsB.Many factors depending onC.Factors depending on manyD.On many factors depending正确答案:A57.Duke Ellington’s orchestra,______ his own often complex compositions, made many innovations in jazz.A.he playedB.playingC.that it playedD.was playing正确答案:B58.The term “ice age” refers to any of several periods of time when glaciers covered considerably more of Earth’s surface______A.as is todayB.than today isC.than they do todayD.that today正确答案:C59.From colonial times, United States property owners agreed to tax themselves on the theory ______ directly from services that the government could provide.A.property owners benefited so thatB.why property owners benefitedC.that if property owners benefitedD.that property owners benefited正确答案:D60.Helium is not flammable and, next to hydrogen, is ______A.known the lightest gasB.lightest the known gasC.the lightest gas knownD.the known gas lightest正确答案:C61.Wild eagles that survive to adulthood are believed ______ from 20 to 30 years.A.liveB.to liveC.they liveD.their living正确答案:B62.Portland, ______. ,is located primarily on two hilly peninsulas overlooking Casco Bay and its many island.A.which Maine’s largest cityB.Maine’s largest city whereC.is Maine’s largest cityD.Maine’s largest city正确答案:D63.______. widely used in the chemical industry, sodium carbonate is principally consumed by the glass industry.A.DespiteB.WhetherC.ThoughD.Except for正确答案:C64.Cells,first identified by the early microscopists, began to be considered______in the nineteenth century.A.them as microcosm of living organismsB.the microcosm of living organismsC.the microcosm of living organisms to beD.as which, the microcosm of living organisms正确答案:B65.Like Jupiter, Saturn is a large ,gaseous planet composed______of hydrogen and helium.A.it is mostlyB.mostlyC.almostD.both are almost正确答案:BSections Three:Reading ComprehensionEuropa is the smallest of planet Jupiter’s four largest moons and the second moon out from Jupiter. Until 1979, it was just another astronomy textbook statistic. Then came the close-up images obtained by the exploratory spacecraft V oyager 2, and within days, Europa was transformed-in our perception, at least-into one of the solar system’s (5) most intriguing worlds. The biggest initial surprise was the almost total lack of detail, especially from far away. Even at close range, the only visible features are thin, kinked brown lines resembling cracks in an eggshell. And this analogy is not far off the mark.The surface of Europa is almost pure water ice, but a nearly complete absence of craters indicates that Europa’s surface ice resembles Earth’s Antarctic ice cap. The(10)eggshell analogy may be quite accurate since the ice could be as little as a few kilometers thick –a true shell around what is likely a subsurface liquid ocean that , in turn, encases a rocky core. The interior of Europa has been kept warm over the eons by tidal forces generated by the varying gravitational tugs of the other big moons as they wheel around Jupiter. The tides on Europa pull and relax in an endless cycle. The resulting internal heat (15)keeps what would otherwise be ice melted almost to the surface. The cracklike marks on Europa’s icy face appear to be fractures where water or slush oozes from below. Soon after V oyager 2’s encounter with Jupiter in 1979, when the best images of Europa were obtained, researchers advanced the startling idea that Europa’s subsurface ocean might harbor life. Life processes could have begun when Jupiter was releasing a(20)vast store of internal heat. Jupiter’s early heat was produced by the compression of the material forming the giant planet. Just as the Sun is far less radiant today than the primal Sun, so the internal heat generated by Jupiter is minor compared to its former intensity. During this warm phase, some 4.6 billion years ago, Europa’s ocean may have been liquid right to the surface, making it a crucible for life.66.What does the passage mainly discuss?A.The effect of the tides on Europa’s interiorB.Temperature variations on Jupiter’s moonsC.Discoveries leading to a theory about one of Jupiter’s moonsD.Techniques used by V oyager 2 to obtain close-up images.正确答案:C67.The word “intriguing”in line 5 is closest in meaning toA.changingB.perfectC.visibleD.fascinating正确答案:D68.In line 7, the another mentions “cracks in an eggshell”in order to help readersA.visualize Europa as scientists saw it in the V oyager 2 imagesB.appreciate the extensive and detailed information available by viewing Europa from far awayC.understand the relationship of Europa to the solar systemD.recognize the similarity of Europa to Jupiter’s other moons正确答案:A。

中石油托福真题200301

中石油托福真题200301

20**年1月TOEFL试题Section One: Listening Comprehension1. (A) She'll type the man's paper for him.(B) The computer won't be available immediately.(C) The man should be more patient.(D) She doesn't want the man to use her computer.2. (A) Read the woman's letter.(B) Visit Jeff in Alaska.(C) Write to Jeff.(D) Mail a letter for the woman.3. (A) He went to the library twice to look for the book.(B) He already returned the book to a library out of town.(C) He called the library to say the book would be overdue.(D) He couldn't return the library book because he was away.4. (A) Where the midterm exam was held.(B) Where she can see the results of the midterm exam.(C) Where she can buy a copy of the chemistry textbook,(D) Where the chemistry study group meets.5. (A) He'll ask the driver for help with the luggage.(B) He doesn't mind driving by himself.(C) He doesn't have much luggage.(D) He'd like the woman to drive him.6. (A) The suit is out of style.(B) The suit is more appropriate for the occasion.(C) The woman looks better in blue than in black.(D) The suit doesn't fit the woman well.7. (A) Writing her thesis was easier than she thought it would be.(B) She intends to work on her thesis during her vacation. (C) She intentionally chose an easy topic to write about.(D) She plans to spend some time relaxing.8. (A) He hasn't had a chance to meet Kathy yet(B) Kathy had already told him the news(C) He didn't know that Kathy was being moved.(D) His new office will be located in New York.9. (A) She'd like the man to visit her.(B) She can help the man clean up.(C) She left her room on time this morning.(D) She hasn't cleaned her room either.10. (A) He doesn't know what's wrong with the computer,(B) The woman misunderstood what he said.(C) The problem is different from what he thought it was(D) The computer cannot be repaired11. (A) She didn't see it(B) It had nothing to do with politics.(C) Some people wouldn't find it interesting.(D) The man ought to watch it again12. (A) He doesn't feel well enough to exercise(B) He prefers to exercise in the morning.(C) He accepts the woman's invitation.(D) He doesn't like to exercise in cold weather.13. (A) Change the topic of her research project.(B) Sign up for a different political science course.(C) Ask Mary to help her choose a topic.(D) Take a class together with Mary.14. (A) Send the man to a store that sells cassettes.(B) Borrow a blank cassette from her friends.(C) Sell the man one of her cassettes(D) Purchase some extra cassettes15. (A) The books were sent out late.(B) The books were sent to the wrong place.(C) He didn't mind helping the woman move.(D) He doesn't know the woman's new address.16. (A) Let him borrow her heavy jacket.(B) Stay in her car if the weather is too cold.(c) Leave campus in a couple of hours.(D) Be prepared for the possibility of cooler weather.17. (A) The man was absent when she gave them to the class.(B) She'll give some of them to the class on Wednesday.(C) She has no more of them to give to the man.(D) The man must do many more of them to pass the test.18 (A) She has never had a class with Professor Smith.(B) She's surprised the man is taking a history class.(C) The assignment must be finished by 3 o'clock. (O) Professor Smith's classes are very demanding.19. (A) She'll return the questionnaire soon.(B) The first question is optional.(C) The man doesn't need to answer all the questions.(D) The man doesn't need to submit a questionnaire.20. (A) She doesn't like the painting.(B) She hasn't seen the man's office.(C) She'll hang the painting on the wall.(D) She doesn't know where to put the painting.21. (A) He doesn't like to cook spaghetti sauce.(B) He isn't careful when he's preparing food.(C) He makes very good desserts.(D) He cooks for the Spanish club quite often.22. (A) She doesn't plan to continue studying next year.(B) She recently visited a different university.(C) She already told the man about her plans. (D) She isn't planning to transfer to a different university.23. (A) Start cleaning sooner.(B) Hire a cleaning service.(C) Wait a while before giving another party.(D) Have his party at a different24. (A) She prefers to remain indoors.(B) She has the same allergies that the man has.(C) She doesn't think the man is sincere.(D) She doesn't understand what the man said.25. (A) He has invited many people to(B) He intentionally cooked a lot of soup.(C) He doesn't like leftovers either.(D) He used leftovers in the soup.26. (A) She can't help the man make his decision(B) A bicycle isn't a safe method of transportation.(C) The man doesn't need a new bicycle,(D) She doesn't know how to fix a bicycle,27. (A) Ed is happy with his job.(B) Ed isn't as good a worker as the boss thinks.(C) The boss plans to give Ed a raise in salary.(D) The boss hasn't treated28. (A) She left work after the man.(B) She was unable to follow the man's directions.(C) It only rained in a small area.(D) She doesn't mind driving in29. (A) It isn't necessary to attend the lecture.(B) There isn't enough time to eat dessert(C) Eating in the lecture hall is prohibited.(D) The lecture probably won't start on time.30. (A) She doesn't think that Oakville is very far.(B) She thinks the man misunderstood what he(C) She didn't know that Matthew planned to move to Oakville.(D) She wants to buy a car from Matthew.31. (A) They've lost their suitcases.(B) They can't find their dormitory.(C) Their dorm rooms have been given to other students.(D) They've missed the bus to their dormitory.32. (A) It has no bus service(B) It is small(C) It is located outside of town.(D) It is very hilly.33. (A) It's far from the academic buildings.(B) No buses go to it.(C) There are few first-year students living there.(D) It's older than the other dormitories.34. (A) They bring too many things with them.(B) They waste their time.(C) They don't familiarize themselves with the campus(D) They don't make realistic career plans.35 (A) Judging people's behavior.(B) Common causes of anger.(C) Changing people's attitudes.(D) The effects of negative behavior.36. (A) When they're unable to control the person's behavior.(B) When the causes of the behavior are obvious.(C) When the consequences of the behavior are unpleasant.(D) When the behavior is expected.37. (A) It's not always clear why people behave in certain ways.(B) People usually blame others for their mistakes.(C) Certain conditions cause drivers to behave strangely.(D) The reason for some behavior is obvious.38. (A) They usually accept responsibility.(B) They blame factors beyond their control(C) They complain about their personal problems.(D) They compare their behavior to the behavior of others. 39. (A) Settlement patterns in desert.(B) Causes of desertification.(C) Plant adaptation to desert conditions.(D) Regions most affected by desertification.40. (A) It receives more nutrients than it can absorb.(B) It becomes oversaturated with water.(C) It loses the ability to support insect life.(D) It loses nutrients that aren't replaced.41. (A) Too many animals eating the plants in one small area.(B) Planting too much vegetation in one small area.(C) Too many people building houses in one small area.(D) Bringing together the wrong kinds of animals and plants.42. (A) The animals overfertilize the soil.(B) Dead plant roots can't hold the soil together.(C) The wrong types of plants are left standing.(D) There is a buildup of plant and animal matter.43. (A) It can cause flooding in an(B) It can carry diseases that affect animals.(C) It can introduce too much salt into the soil.(D) It can divert water from important crops.44. (A) A possible explanation for why green turtles nest in certain locations.(B) Physical differences among various groups of green turtles.(C) Several examples of mating behavior in green turtles.(D) The impact of continental drift on the diet of green turtles.45. (A) Teach their young how to swim.(B) Mate and lay eggs.(C) Hide from predators.(D) Eat different kinds of fish.46. (A) Its geography is similar to Brazil's.(B) Their instinct leads them to the place they werehatched.(c) There are other species of turtles located there.(D) Its climate is milder than Brazil's.47. (A) To discover how long their ancestors lived.(B) To analyze how their appearance has evolved.(C) To find out how a disease has spread(D) To determine how closely groups of turtles are related.48. (A) To demonstrate George Washington's survival skills.(B) To show that some stories about famous people may be historically inaccurate.(C) To describe a historical event that was portrayed in a painting. (D) To tell a story that George Washington told about himself.49. (A) She led her tribe to victory against the colonists(B) She was considered to be extremely beautiful.(C) She created popular American Indian art.(D) She helped establish peace between her tribe and the colonists50. (A) They have only recently been discovered.(B) They were painted by the colonists who knew her.(C) Most of them portray her as a child.(D) They might not reflect her true appearance.Section Two: Structure and Written Expression1. .........crumbles readily when exposed to a moist, acid atmosphere, but the stone is durable in adry atmosphere.(A) The surface of marble is(B) The surface of marble, which(C) Although the surface of marble(D) The surface of marble2. By using their trunks, elephants can tell the shape of an object and ........ is rough or smooth, orhot or cold.(A) it(B) whether it(C) how(D) since it3. In 1989 Carret Hongo was chosen as ........ for the Pulitzer Prize in poetry.(A) his being one of the finalists(B) to be one of the finalists(C) one of the finalists(D) the one finalist who4. The Moon is much closer to Earth ...... is the Sun, and thus it had greater influence on the tides.(A) unlike(B) than(C) but(D) where5. The brain of an average adult is one of the largest organs of the body, ........about three pounds.(A) weighs(B) is weighed(C) weighing(D) to weigh it6. Throughout history ........different representations for numbers and for the basic process ofcounting.(A) have been many(B) there have been many(C) many(D) when many7. Democratic governments constantly face the problem of balancing …..... the i ndividual with theneeds of society.(A) the rights of(B) to the rights for(C) for the rights to(D) with the rights by8. Connecticut was the fifth of the original thirteen states …..... the Constitution of the UnitedStates.(A) ratified(B) ratify(C) to ratify(D) have ratified9. The chemical composition of sandstone is the same as ….....(A) that of sand(B) that sand is(C) sand is that(D) what of sand10. Hydrofoils can exceed 75 miles per hour, as compared with conventional watercraft, whosemaximum speeds .......... approach 50 miles per hour.(A) are rarely(B) rarely(C) of rarely(D) they rarely11. It was novelist and poet ….... in 1968 founded JacksonStateUniversity's Institute for theStudy of the History, Life, and Culture of Black People.(A) Margaret Walker did(B) Margaret Walker(C) Margaret Walker who (D) Margaret Walker and12. Before the Europeans arrived, American Indians were using virgin copper …... into ornaments,knives, and other artifacts.(A) Which was hammering(B) which hammered(C) was hammered(D) hammered13. In western North America, …...... form the Great Divide, which separates the areas fromwhich waters flow either eastward to the Atlantic or westward to the Pacific.(A) the Rocky Mountains(B) where the Rocky Mountains(C) the Rocky Mountains in which(D) there are the Rocky Mountains14. Some ecologists believe ….... more than 50 percent of existing species will be lost in thenext100 years.(A) because(B) that(C) while there is(D) that there are15. Almost ….... substances expand in volume when heated and contract when cooled.(A) all(B) they all(C) all of(D) all are16. A children's librarian often conducts story hours and other activities to help childrenA Benjoy herself while developing an interest in reading and the library's resources.C D17. Titanium has the strength of steel but weighs half only as much, hence its advantageA B Cfor use in aircraft.D18. Protective behaviors of amphibians include hiding in the presence of danger andA Bhaving coloration such closely matching the environment that the animal is notC Dobvious.19. As the highest-paid star of the silent screen, earning a reputedly income of $20, 000AB Ca week, Gloria Swanson epitomized the glamour of Hollywood in the 1920's.D20. Candles may be made by repeatedly dipping wicks in tallow, by molding, nor byA Bpouring melted wax over the wicks and rolling them into shape.C D21. While models of automobiles date back as far as the late 1600's, the 1880'sA Bseen the first commercial interest in the vehicle.C D22. The conceptual of musical harmony is generally traced to the ninth century becauseA B Cit is first mentioned in treatises of that period.D23. Palcontologists have examined fossil embryos and hatchlings from three type ofA B Cduck-billed dinosaurs to figure out how they matured.D24. Lightning tends to strike the nearest good conductor, and hence often strikesA Bin same place more than once.C D25. When study different cultures and societies, anthropologists often focus on marriageA Bas a contractual agreement between different parties.C D26. The first piloted balloon flight across the Atlantic Oceantook place at 1978.A B CD27. The Arts and Crafts Movement of the late nineteenth century strove to revitalizingA handicrafts and applied arts during an era of increasing mass production.B C D28. When cannedusing proper methods, food suffers no loss in vitamins or anotherA B C Dnutritive elements.29. Heat exhaustion is causing by excessive loss of body fluids and body salts.A B C D30. Primitive humans probably did not deliberately cook food until long after they hadA Blearned to use fire for light and warm.C D31. The poor condition of prisoners are what concerned Dorothea Dix, an AmericanA B Csocial worker and director of a school in Boston.D32. Found in the shells of lobsters, shrimp, and crabs, glucosamine is also presentA B Cin human cartilage, which covering the bones in joints.D33. Between 1871 until 1891, the population of Torontomore than tripled, increasingA B Cfrom 56,000 to 181,000.D34. In the nineteenth century, Montreal grew into an important transportation andA Bindustrial center, aided by its many natural resources and an abundant ofC Dhydroelectric power.35. In the initial planning for theaters, auditoriums, but any room intended primarilyA B Cfor listening, acoustics is a major consideration.D36. The pulse that may be felt wherever an artery passes over a solid structure, such asA B Ca bone or cartilage.D37. Through his essays, poems, and lectures, Ralph Waldo EmersonAestablished himself as a major thinker of his time and as a figure leadingB C Dof American literature.38. The "method", which is both a style of acting a system of training for the actor,A Bstresses inner motivation and psychological truth.C D39. On September 6, 1996, civil rights activist Rosa Parks was awarded the PresidentialA BMedal of Freedom, the highest honor the United States government gives to civilian.C D40. Basalt, which composes most of the ocean floor, is a dark-grey rock rich in ironA B C Dand magnesium than most surface rocks.Section Three: Reading ComprehensionQuestions 1-10By far the most important United States export product in the eighteenth andnineteenth centuries was cotton, favored by the European textile industry over flax orwool because it was easy to process and soft to tile touch. Mechanization of spinningLine and weaving allowed significant centralization and expansion in the textile industry during (5) this period, and at the same time the demand for cotton increased dramatically. Americanproducers were able to meet this demand largely because of tile invention of the cotton ginby Eli Whitney in 1793. Cotton could be grown throughout the South, but separating thefiber---or lint--from the seed was a laborious process. Sea island cotton was relativelyeasy to process by hand, because its fibers were long and seeds were concentrated at the (10) base of the flower, but it demanded a long growing season, available only along thenation's eastern seacoast. Short-staple cotton required a much shorter growing season,but the shortness of the fibers and their mixture with seeds meant that a worker couldhand-process only about one pound per day. Whitney's gin was a hand-powered machinewith revolving drums and metal teeth to pull cotton fibers away from seeds. Using the gin, (15) a worker could produce up to '50 pounds of lint a day. The later development of largergins, powered by horses, water, or steam, multiplied productivity further.The interaction of improved processing and high demand led to the rapid spread ofthe cultivation of cotton and to a surge in production. It became the main Americanexport, dwarfing all others. In 1802, cotton composed 14 percent of total American(20))exports by value. Cotton had a 36 percent share by 1810 and over a 50 percent sharein 1830. In 1860, 61 percent of the value of American exports was represented by cotton.In contrast, wheat and wheat flour composed only 6 percent of the value of Americanexports in that year. Clearly, cotton was king in the trade of the young republic. Thegrowing market for cotton and other American agricultural products led to an(25) unprecedented expansion of agricultural settlement, mostly in the eastern half of theUnited States---west of the Appalachian Mountains and east of the Mississippi River.1. The main point of the passage is that the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries were a time when(A) the European textile industry increased its demand for American export products(B) mechanization of spinning and weaving dramatically changed the textile industry (C) cotton became a profitable crop but was still time-consuming to process(D) cotton became the most important American export product2. The word "favored" in line 2 is closest in meaning to(A) preferred(B) recommended(C) imported (D) included3. All of the following are mentioned in the passage as reasons for the increased demand forcotton EXCEPT(A) cotton's softness(B) cotton's ease of processing(C) a shortage of flax and wool(D) the growth that occurred in the textile industry.4. The word "laborious" in line 8 is closest in meaning to(A) unfamiliar(B) primitive(C) skilled(D) difficult5. According to the passage, one advantage of sea island cotton was its(A) abundance of seeds(B) long fibers(C) long growing season(D) adaptability to different climates6. Which of the following can be inferred from the passage about cotton production in the United States after the introduction of Whitney's cotton gin?(A) More cotton came from sea island cotton plants than before.(B) More cotton came from short-staple cotton plants than before.(C) Most cotton produced was sold domestically.(D) Most cotton produced was exported to England.7. The word "surge" in line 18 is closest in meaning to(A) sharp increase(B) sudden stop(C) important change(D) excess amount8. The author mentions "wheat and wheat flour" in line 22 in order to (A) show that Americans exported more agricultural products than they imported.(B) show the increase in the amount of wheat products exported.(C) demonstrate the importance of cotton among American export products.(D) demonstrate that wheat farming was becoming more profitable.9. The word "unprecedented" in line 25 is closest in meaning to(A) slow(B) profitable(C) not seen before(D) never explained10. According to the passage, the Mississippi River was(A) one of the boundaries of a region where new agricultural settlement took place(B) a major source of water for agricultural crops(C) the primary route by which agricultural crops were transported(D) a main source of power for most agricultural machineryQuestions 11-19The origins of nest-building remain obscure, but current observation of nest-buildingactivities provide evidence of their evolution. Clues to this evolutionary process can befound in the activities of play and in the behavior and movements of birds during mating, Line such as incessant pulling at strips of vegetation or scraping of the soil. During the early (5)days of the reproductive cycle, the birds seem only to play with the building materials. Inpreparation for mating, they engage in activities that resemble nest-building, and continue these activities throughout and even after the mating cycle. Effective attempts at construction occur only after mating.Although nest-building is an instinctive ability, there is considerable adaptability in(10) both site selection and use of materials, especially with those species which build quiteelaborate constructions. Furthermore, some element of learning is often evident sinceyounger birds do not build as well as their practiced elders. Young ravens, for example,first attempt to build with sticks of quite unsuitable size, while a jackdaw's first nestincludes virtually any movable object. The novelist John Steinbeck recorded the contents (15) of a young osprey nest built in his garden, which included three shirts, a bath towel, andone arrow.Birds also display remarkable behavior in collecting building materials. Crows havebeen seen to tear off stout green twigs, and sparrowhawks will dive purposefully onto a branch until it snaps and then hang upside down to break it off. Golden eagles, over (20) generations of work, construct enormous nests. One of these, examined after it had beendislodged by high winds, weighed almost two tons and included foundation branchesalmost two meters long. The carrying capacity of the eagles, however, is only relative to their size ant1 most birds are able to carry an extra load of just over twenty percent of their body weight.11. The word "obscure" in line 1 is closest in meaning to(A) interesting(B) unclear(C) imperfect(D) complex12. According to the passage, which of the following activities is characteristic of the early part ofthe reproductive cycle of birds?(A) Selecting a mate(B) Collecting nest-building materials(C) Playing with nest-building materials(D) Building a nest13. The word "display" in line 17 is closest in meaning to(A) communicate(B) imitate(C) initiate(D) exhibit14. The novelist John Steinbeck is mentioned in line14 because he(A) conducted a scientific study on the behavior of ospreys(B) was the first to describe where ospreys built their nests(C) described the materials ospreys can use to build their nests(D) compared the size of osprey nests with the nests of other species15. Which of the following birds are mentioned as those that build nests that include unusual objects? (A) Ravens(B) Ospreys(C) Crows(D) Sparrowhawks16. According to the passage, when gathering materials to build their nests, sparrowhawks do which of the following?(A) Hang upside down(B) Select only green twigs(C) Use objects blowing in the wind(D) Collect more branches than necessary17. The word "these" in line 20 refers to(A) golden eagles(B) generations(C) winds(D) nests18. The word "load" in line 23 is closest in meaning to(A) weight(B) number(C) section(D) level19. The author mentions twenty percent in line 23 to indicate that(A) eagles are twenty percent bigger than most birds(B) twenty percent of all nests include foundation branches(C) the nests of eagles are twenty percent of larger than those of other birds(D) birds can carry twenty percent of their own weightQuestions 20-30A survey is a study, generally in the form of an interview or a questionnaire, that providesinformation concerning how people think and act. In the United States, the best-knownsurveys are the Gallup poll and the Harris poll. As anyone who watches the news duringLine campaigns presidential knows, these polls have become an important part of political life in (5) the United States.North Americans are familiar with the many "person on the street? interviews on localtelevision news shows. While such interviews can be highly entertaining, they are notnecessarily an accurate indication of public opinion. First, they reflect the opinions of only those people who appear at a certain location. Thus, such samples can be biased in favor (10) of commuters, middle-class shoppers, or factory workers, depending On which area thenewspeople select. Second, television interviews tend to attract outgoing people who arewilling to appear on the air, while they frighten away others who may feel intimidated bya camera. A survey must be based on a precise, representative sampling if it is to genuinelyreflect a broad range of the population.(15) In preparing to conduct a survey, sociologists must exercise great care in the wordingof questions. An effective survey question must be simple and clear enough for people tounderstand it. It must also be specific enough so that there are no problems in interpreting the results. Even questions that are less structured must be carefully phrased in order to elicit the type of information desired. Surveys can be indispensable sources of information, but (20) only if the sampling is done properly and the questions are worded accurately.There are two main forms of surveys: the interview and the questionnaire. Each of theseforms of survey research has its advantages. An interviewer can obtain a high response rate because people find it more difficult to turn down a personal request for an interview than to throw away a written questionnaire. In addition, an interviewer can go beyond written (25) questions and probe for a subject's underlying feelings and reasons. However, questionnaireshave the advantage of being cheaper and more consistent.20. What does the passage mainly discuss?(A) The history of surveys in North America(B) The principles of conducting surveys(C) Problems associated with interpreting surveys(D) The importance of polls in American political life21. The word "they" in line 8 refers to(A) North Americans(B) news shows(C) interviews(D) opinions22. According to the passage, the main disadvantage of person-on-the-street interviews is thatthey(A) are not based on a representative sampling (B) are used only on television(C) are not carefully worded(D) reflect political opinions23. The word "precise" in line 13 is closest in meaning to(A) planned(B) rational(C) required(D) accurate24. According to paragraph 3, which of the following is most important for an effective survey?(A) A high number of respondents(B) Carefully worded questions(C) An interviewer's ability to measure respondents' feelings。

2003年考研英语—真题及答案

2003年考研英语—真题及答案

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该 小题问 作者提起
Donovan 的 目 的 。
答这类题的时候,考生应从整 段或全文的角度去考虑 。作者在写文章时举出某个例子时,这个例子一定 是围
绕着作者想表达的观点。读懂了细 节,弄清了篇章结构能 有助于把握文章主旨,反过来,了解了文章的大致 主题
和观点也可帮助我们吃透细节。其实, 在篇首对 Donovan的介绍只是一个引子,导出的是作者要谈的主题 ,即第
2003 年考研英语真题及答案
2003 text1
Wild Bill Donovan would haveovl ed the Internet. The American spymaster who built the Office of SctSraetervgici esni
the World War Ⅱ and al ter al id the roots for the CIAwas fascni ated wtih information. Donovan believed in using whatever tools came tohand in the "great game"of espionage— spying as a "profession. "These days the Net, whcih has already re-made such everyday pastimes as buying books and sendinsgremsahial,piing Donovan's vocation as.well

2003年高考全国卷英语听力试题(含试题、听力音频、听力原文和答案)

2003年高考全国卷英语听力试题(含试题、听力音频、听力原文和答案)

绝密★启用前2003年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试全国卷英语听力试题2003年高考 全国卷 英语听力音频 双击图标打开收听.mp3(请用电脑,双击上面图标,打开收听)注意事项:1. 答卷前,考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。

2. 回答选择题时,选出每小题答案后,用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。

如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其它答案标号,回答非选择题时,将答案写在答题卡上,写在本试卷上无效。

3. 考试结束后,将本试卷和答案卡一并交回。

一、听力(共两节,满分30分)回答听力部分时,请先将答案划在试卷相应位置。

听力部分结束前,你将有两分钟的时间,将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。

第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分)听下面五段对话。

每段对话后有一小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。

听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。

每段对话仅读一遍。

例:How much is the shirt?A. £19.15.B. £9.15.C. £9.18.答案是B。

1. What is the man going to do?A. Open the window.B. Find another room.C. Go out with the woman.2. What do we know about Peter Sehmidt?A. He has lost his ticket.B. He is expecting a ticket.C. He went out to buy a ticket.3. What do we know about mother and son?A. She wants to tell him the result of the game.B. She doesn't like him to watch TV.C. She knows which team he supports.4. What are the speakers talking about?A. Exam results.B. Time for the exam.C. Change of class hours.5. What will the woman tell the man?A. Her company's name.B. Her new address.C. Her phone number.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。

TOEFL听力文本及答案

TOEFL听力文本及答案

TOEFL听⼒⽂本及答案2000年5⽉TOEFL听⼒试题Section One: Listening Comprehension1. (A) They don’t enjoy swimming.(B) They won’t go swimming in the lake today.(C) They don’t know how to swim.(D) They’ll swim in the lake tomorrow.2. (A) The style of sweater she’s wearin g is verycommon.(B) The man saw Jill wearing the sweater.(C) She wore the sweater for the first timeyesterday.(D) She usually doesn’t borrow clothes fromJill.3. (A) He went to see the dentist a week ago.(B) The woman should cancel her appointmentwith the dentist.(C) The woman’s toothache will go away byitself.(D) The woman should have seen the dentist bynow.4. (A) She’s planning a trip to Antarctica.(B) She thinks attending the lecture will behelpful to her.(C) Her geography class is required to attendthe lecture.(D)She has already finished writing her report.5. (A) The woman should join the chess club.(B) He’s not a very good chess player.(C) The woman needs a lot of time to playchess.(D) He’s willing to teach the woman how toplay chess.6. (A) Ask Alice if the man can borrow the novel.(B) Return the novel to Alice immediately.(C) Help the man find this own copy of thenovel.(D) Find out how much the novel costs.7. (A) He has already tasted the chocolatepudding.(B) Chocolate is his favorite flavor.(C) He doesn’t want any chocolate pudding(D) There is no more chocolate pudding left.8. (A) See the movie at a theater close by.(B) Wait until later to see the moive.(C) Consider seeing an English version of themovie.(D) Call the Pine Street Cinema to see whattime the movie starts. 9. (A) He doesn’t know how to find the student’s grade.(B) He doesn’t know if Dr. Wilson has finishedgrading the midterm exams.(C) He isn’t allowed to tell the student hergrade.(D) Dr. Wilson doesn’t want to be contactedwhile she’s away.10. (A) She had to wait even longer than the mandid to have her car inspected.(B)The man should have had his car inspectedsooner.(C)The auto inspection center will be closedat the end of the month.(D)The man doesn’t need to have his carinspected until next month.11. (A) He can act as a subject in the experiment.(B) He thinks the woman’s experiment isdifficult to understand.(C) He’s busy working on his own experment.(D) He’s willing to help the woman run theexperiment.12. (A) Look for the misplaced check.(B) Ask the bookstore for a refund.(C) Borrow some cash from the woman.(D) Repair his desk.13. (A) He hadn’t heard that Karen had a new roommate.(B) Karen wouldn’t give specific reasons for her feelings.(C) He thinks that Karen shouldn’t be angry.(D) Karen won’t be getting a new roommate after all.14. (A)The woman didn’t submit the thesis proposal to him on time.(B) He returned the thesis proposal to the woman a week ago.(C) He hasn’t read the thesis proposal yet.(D) The thes is proposal isn’t acceptable.15. (A) It only cost $400.(B) He bought it a year ago.(C) Write down the directions to the supermarket.(D) Check to see if the stew is ready.16. (A) Purchase some ingredients.(B) Give the man a recipe.(C) Write down the directions to the supermarket.(D) Check to see if the stew is ready.17. (A) He arrived at the theater late.(B) He left his watch in the theater.(C) The production seemed much shorter than it actually was.(D) He did not enjoy the production.18. (A) He can’t understand the instructions.(B) He doesn’t have a computer.(C) He has a degree in computer science.(D) He needs to take his computer to berepqired.19. (A) Arrange by phone to have a bucket delivered.(B) Deliver the papers herself.(C) Take her recycling to the town office.(D) Return the bucket to the recycling department.20. (A) She prefers her eggs fried.(B) She never eats breakfast.(C) She gets an allergic reaction when eating eggs.(D) She doesn’t eat a lot for breakfast.21.(A) He doesn’t know anything about engineering.(B) He wants the woman to postpone the talk.(C) He hasn’t finished preparing for his presentation.(D) He regularly gives talks to high school students.22. (A) He told the woman to take seven courses this semester.(B) He knew that the woman’s schedulewouldbe too difficult for her.(C) His current schedule is also very demanding.(D) Taking so many classes will enable the woman to graduate early.23. (A) He needs help repairing his truck.(B) He doesn’t want to use his truck for thefield trip.(C) The woman can use his truck if she agrees to drive.(D) He doesn’t think all the t elescopes will fitin his truck.24. (A) Dr. Luby won’t be taking students to New York this year.(B) She doesn’t know where the man can buy theater tickets.(C) Dr. Luby is performing in a play on Broadway.(D) She’s going on a thea ter trip with Dr. Luby. Elizabeth.25. (A) The woman’s source of information is reliable.(B) He didn’t enjoy taking history with Dr. Parker.(C) He thought Dr. Parker’s tests were easy.(D) Dr. Parker is no longer teaching history.26. (A) The man doesn’t have air-conditioning.(B)The man’s air conditioner is broken.(C) The man hasn’t been using his air conditioner.(D) The summer has been unusually hot.27. (A) He has decided how he’s going to spend the prize money.(B) He doesn’t know how much his rent is going to increase.(C) He’s already planning to enter next year’s essay contest.(D) He has already paid his landlord for next year’s rent.28. (A) He’ll probably postpone the test until after he talks(B) He usually tells the students ahead of time what will be on his tests.(C) He’ll probably talk about chapter 16 inclass today.(D) He might test the students on material not discussed in class29. (A) He has been applying only for advertisedjobs.(B) He’s conviced that there’s a shortage of jobs.(C) He doesn’t have time to read all the job ads.(D) He’ll help the woman find a job.30. (A) To make plans for the evening.(B) To ask her about the assignment.(C) To talk to her roommate.(D) To give her some information.31. (A) A class presentation they’re preparing.(B) A television program the man is watching.(C)Visiting a close fiend of theirs.(D) Studying for a test.32.(A) He’s taking a break from studying.(B) He has already finished studying.(C) He was assigned to watch a program byhis professor.(D) He’s finding out some information for a friend.33. (A) He didn’t know that she was enrolled in a linear algebra course.(B) He thought she preferred to study alone.(C) He thought she had made arrangements to study with(D) He had told her that he had done poorly ona recent test.34. (A) He and Elizabeth argued recently.(B) He heard Elizabeth did poorly on the last test.(C) He doesn’t want to bother Elizabeth solate in the evening.(D) He’d rather study in his own dormitory.35. (A) A more economical diesel fuel.(B) Characteristics of a new type of fuel.(C) Where a new energy source is located.(D) How to develop alternative energy sources.36. (A) He’s studying for a test.(B) He lost his notes.(C) He missed the class.(D) He’s doing research on alternative.37. (A) It will reduce the amount of pollutants in the air.(B) It will increase the amount of unpleasant odors from wehicles.(C) It will eventually destroy the ozone layer.(D) It will reduce the cost of running large vehicles.38. (A) It’s expensive to manufacture.(B) It’s hasn’t been adeq uately tested.(C) It damages car engines.(D) It’s dangerous to transport.39. (A) To help him explain the information to his roommate.(B) To help him write a paper.(C) To prepare for a test.(D) To tell her if the notes are accurate.40. (A) The life and times of an important modern poet.(B) How a poem’s images relate to its meaning.(C) The musical quality of modern poetry.(D) The poems of Gertrude Stein.41. (A) She’s the most famous of the modern poets.(B) She didn’t pu blish any of her works in her lifetime.(C) She was better known as a prose writerthan as a poet.(D) She began her career as a writer relatively late in her life.42. (A) It reflects poetic techniques that were rejected by modern poets.(B) It’s from a poem that the students have read.(C) It’s the title of a poem by John Ashbery.(D) It’s an example of a statement that is “empty” but pleasing to hear.43. (A) Read some poems out loud.(B) Research the life of Gertrude Stein.(C) Compare the poems of Gertrude Stein to the poems of John Ashbery.(D) Write a few lines of poetry.44. (A) Employment in the fishing and whaling industries.(B) Nineteenth-century sea captains.(C) The economic importance of sailing ships.(D) The development of the steamship.45. (A) They were protected by a strong United States Navy.(B) They were supported by a well-developed railroad(C) Most crew members had experience on foreign ships.(D) As part owners of the ships, captains got some of the profits.46. (A) They carried passengers ,but not cargo.(B) They were large, but surprisingly fast.(C) They were the first successfulsteam-powered ships.(D) They were more reliable than other shipsof the 1860’s.47. (A) It’s now taught with the aid of computers.(B) It isn’t considered as important today as it was in the past.(C) Children today learn it earlier than children did in the past.(D) A lot of times is spent teaching it.48. (A) To indicate the emphasis teachers onceplaced on penmanship.(B) To criticize a technique used to motivatechildren.(C) To illustrate the benefits of competition.(D) To suggest that teachers be recognized fortheir efforts.49. (A) How educators create a curriculum.(B) Why some parents object to the teachingof penmanship.(C) The standards for penmanship in statecurricula.(D) The effects of rewarding goodpenmanship.50. (A) The number of hours per week that mustbe spent teaching penmanship.(B) The level of penmanship a child isexpected to have.(C) The recommended method for teachingpenmanship.(D) The reason computers should be used tohelp in the teaching of penmanship答案:BBDBD ACACB DABCC BDAAD CBBDC CADBD DADCB CAACC CDACD BBACB童年时,家是⼀声呼唤。

老托听力文本

老托听力文本

2001年1月试题Section One: Listening Comprehension1. (A) He can have more than four guests at hisgraduation.(B) His brother isn’t going to graduate thissemester.(C) He didn’t know that Jane wanted to beinvited.(D) He’s going to invite Jane.2. (A) Listen to the traffic report on the radio(B) Take a later train.(C) Ron to catch the next train.(D) Check the weekend schedule.3. (A) Pelivet the notebook to Kathy.(B) Pind out where Kathy put the notebook.(C) Ask Kathy to explain the chemistry notes.(D) Ask Kathy for the man’s notebook.4. (A) The walk is shorter than the woman thinks itis.(B) The lecture has already started.(C) They won’t have a problem getting seats.(D) The lecture may be canceled.5. (A) The woman should have studied French inParis.(B) He didn’t study French in high school.(C) Living in Paris helped improve the woman’s language skills.(D) The woman must have had a good French teacher.6. (A) Apologize to his roommate.(B) Give the notes to the woman.(C) Call the woman tonight.(D) Take the woman’s notes to his roommate. 7. (A) She doesn’t have time to talk to Dr. Foster.(B) She needs the additional time to finish her paper.(C) Dr. Foster hasn’t finished grading thepapers.(D) She wants the man to help her with herpaper.8. (A) Phone the Cliffside Inn for a reservation.(B) Ask her parents to come a differentweekend.(C) Call local hotels again in a few days.(D) Find a hotel again in a few days.9. (A) Main her some information about theconference.(B) Drive her to the conference.(C) Attend the conference in her place.(D) Collect her main while she’s at theconference.10. (A)The man should stop by the bookstore onthe way to class.(B) The man can return the books he doesn’tneed.(C) The man should have bought his booksearlier.(D) The man won’t need books on the first dayof class.11. (A) Help the man with his essay.(B) Ask Sue to rehearse with her.(C) Wait to rehearse until the man has finishedhis essay.(D) Meinerize her lines by herself.第 1 页共 17 页12. (A) Show her the newspaper that he’s talkingabout.(B) Think about getting an internship atanother place.(C) Sign up for more than one journalism class.(D) Call T he Times about the internship.13. (A)He isn’t as good a tennis player as he usedto be.(B) He hasn’t had time to play tennis recently.(C) He caught a cold shortly after thetournament.(D) He think he’s more important than he is.14. (A)He’ll graduate before the woman.(B) He hopes to graduate before the summer.(C) He doesn’t want to attend schoolyear-round.(D) The woman won’t be able to keep up thepace.15. (A) It’s too late to buy the morning newspaper.(B) He doesn’t want to go to the concert.(C) The box office is closed today.(D) All of the tickets have been sold.16. (A) The woman swims as well as he does.(B) He doesn’t have time to teach the womanto swim.(C) He doesn’t enjoy swimming.(D) He learned to swim at a young age.17. (A) She has already started working on herresearch project.(B) She can’t decide on a research topic.(C) She’d like to discuss her research with theman.(D) She has to change the subject of herresearch.18. (A) Introduce the woman to his neighbor.(B) Get a key from his neighbor.(C) Study in his neighbor’s apartment.(D) Borrow some books from his neighbor.19. (A) The man shouldn’t hire the same tutor thatshe had.(B) She isn’t prepared for the midterm exameither.(C) It’s too late to find a tutor.(D) The man should hire a tutor before themidterm exam20. (A) Stay in the hotel for at least two nights.(B) Leave the hotel the next morning.(C) Ask the hotel clerk for her room key.(D) Complain to the manager about the extracharges.21. (A) He doesn’t recommend going to CentralMountain.(B) He doesn’t plan to go skiing during springbreak.(C) He has never been to Central Mountain.(D) He isn’t an experienced skier.22. (A) She knows who the top history student is.(B) She hasn’t read the campus newspapertoday.(C) The man is mistaken.(D) It’s surprising that her roommate likeshistory.23. (A) He’s not qualified to proofread thewoman’s report.(B) He’ll be able to talk to the woman in a fewminutes.(C) He hadn’t noticed a lot of the woman’smistakes.(D) He thinks the woman should have askedhim sooner.24. (A) Practice her presentation in front of him.(B) Find out who her audience will betomorrow.第 2 页共 17 页(C) Try not to think about her audience.(D) Watch him make his presentation.25. (A) She’s also curious about who won thegame.(B) She didn’t go to the game.(C) She was sitting right behind the man at thegame.(D) She also left the game early.26. (A) Make a shopping list.(B) Buy some groceries.(C) Finish making the salad.(D) Wait for the woman to return.27. (A) He finds the dictionary very useful.(B) He knows where the woman put thedictionary.(C) he doesn’t expect the woman to replace thedictionary.(D) The woman should buy her own dictionary.28. (A) She plans to miss soccer practice.(B) She’ll arrive at the party after(C) Soccer practice will end later than usual.(D) She’ll go to soccer practice after the party.29. (A) Dr. Smith told her something important.(B) Dr. Smith didn’t understand what she said.(C) She wanted to protect Dr. Smith’s feelings.(D) She didn’t intend to say what she said.30. (A) He sells paint supplies.(B) He plans to take an art class with thewoman.(C) He works as an artist.(D)He works in an art museum.31. (A) The cost of meals in the cafeteria.(B) The size of the cafeteria.(C) Career opportunities in cafeterias.(D) The food served in the cafeteria. 32. (A) Giving advice on nutrition.(B) Cooking food for the students.(C) Listening to complaints about service.(D) Serving food to the students.33. (A) Find other students who will work in thecafeteria.(B) Collect students’ opinions about meals.(C) As students to try a new dish he has made.(D) Teach students about the disadvantages of frying food.34. (A) Stop serving hamburgers and friedchicken.(B) Use less sauce on the food.(C) Make some of the meals less fattening.(D) Buy less expensive food.35. (A) Somewhat curious.(B) Very skeptical.(C) Quite irritated.(D) Not at all interested.36. (A) That he’ll be performing in a concert.(B) That he had a conversation with thedirector of a choir.(C) That he heard a new musical composition by Barbara Johnson.(D) That he’s been translating some Latinpoems for a class.37. (A) They’re members of the Latin club oncampus.(B) They work as editors.(C) They attended the same concert.(D) Music is their major field of study.38. (A) She was upset.(B) She was confused.(C) She was amused.(D) She was grateful.第 3 页共 17 页39. (A) Some photographs that he took of herduring the concert.(B) A tape recording that he made of theconcert.(C) A review of the concert that he wrote for the campus paper.(D) The corrected text from the program of theconcert.40. (A) The skills cowboys learned on the range.(B) The evolution of rodeos.(C) The recent decline in the popularity ofrodeos.(D) The growth of the cattle industry.41. (A) They were small informal events.(B) Competitors were awarded large prizes.(C) Large audiences attended them.(D) There were standard rules for judgingevents.42. (A) It is the only traveling rodeo.(B) it is the largest agricultural fair.(C) It is the oldest annual rodeo.(D) It was the first rodeo to charge admission.43. (A) How animals react to frighteningsituations.(B) Why mice are particularly fearful animals.(C) Whether fearfulness is a genetic trait.(D) Why certain animals are feared by humans.44. (A) They fought with the other mice.(B) They stayed close to their mothers.(C) They ran back and forth constantly.(D) They remained close to one wall.45. (A) The extent of damage to the nervoussystem.(B) The presence or absence of certainnerve-cell receptors.(C) The size of nerve-cell receptors in thebrain.(D) The level of danger in the mammal’senvironment.46. (A) To show the relationship betweenfearfulness and environment.(B) To give examples of animals that aren’tfearful.(C) To compare fear in mammals to fear inother animals.(D) To identify the nerves that control fear in certain animals.47. (A) Why water flows from artesian springs.(B) How artesian wells are drilled.(C) Why artesian springs are important togeologic research.(D) How aquifers are formed.48. (A)They pump water from the aquifer.(B) They purify the water in the aquifer.(C) They store excess water from the aquifer.(D) They trap water in the aquifer.49. (A)By eroding layers of sediment above it.(B) By traveling through cracks in layers ofrock.(C) By reversing its flow down the aquicludes.(D) By boiling up through pores in the aquifer.50. (A) It pushes the water upward.(B) It keeps the water cool.(C) It holds the water underground.(D) It creates holes in the aquiclude.第 4 页共 17 页Section Two: Structure and Written Expression1. A three-foot octopus can crawl through a hole ------ in diameter.(A) than one inch less(B) less than one inch(C) one less inch than(D) tan less one inch2. ------adopted the decimal system of coinage in 1867.(A) Canada(B) When Canada(C) Canada, which(D) There was Canada3. Generally, the representatives ------ a legislature are constitutionally elected by a broad spectrum of the population.(A) who they compose(B) who compose(C) ad compose(D) compose4. The Actor’s Studio, a professional actors’ workshop in New York City, provides------where actors can work together without the pressure of commercial production.(A) a place and(B) a place(C) so that a place(D) a place is5. ------ that life began billions of years ago in thewater.(A) It is believed(B) In the belief(C) The belief(D) Believing6. by 1872 the United States had 70 engineering colleges, ------ astonishing expansion credited largely to the Morrill Act of 1862.(A) because(B) an(C) to which(D) was7. The artist Romare Bcarden was ------ whose yellows, deep blues, and fuchsias contrasted strongly with photographic gray in his brightcollages.(A) with a gift for color(B) a gifted colorist(C) a gift with colorful(D) gifted with coloring8. The most important chemical catalyst on thisplanet is chlorophyll, -------carbon dioxide and water react to form carbohydrates.(A) whose presence(B) which is present(C) presenting(D) in the presence of which9. One theory of the origin of the universe is-------from the explosion of a tiny, extremely dense fireball several billion years ago.(A) because what formed(B) the formation that(C) that it formed(D) when forming10. Roads in the United States remained crude,------- with graved or wood planks, until thebeginning of the twentieth century.(A) were unsurefaced or they covered them(B) which unsureface or covered(C) unsurfaced or covered them(D) unsurfaced or covered第 5 页共 17 页11. portrait prints were the first reproductions ofAmerican paintings ------- widely distributed in the United States.(A) were(B) that which(C) that being(D) to be12. Abigail Adams was prodigious letter writer,------- many editions of her letters have been published.(A) who(B) and(C) in addition to(D) due to13. In geometry, an ellipse may be defined asthe locus of all points -------distances fromtwo fixed points is constant.(A) which as the sum of(B) of the sum which(C) whose sum of whose(D) whose sum that the 14. -------at the site of a fort established by theNorthwest Mounted Police, Calgary is now one of Canada’s fastest growing cities.(A) Built(B) It is built(C) To build(D) Having built15. An image on a national flag can symbolizepolitical ideals that -------express.(A) take many words to otherwise would.(B) would take to many otherwise words(C) many words to take would otherwise(D) would otherwise take many words to16. A variation of collodion photography was the tintype, which captured images on a black or darkA B Cbrown metal plate instead from on glass.D17. In cases of minor injury to the brain. Amnesia is likely to be a temporarily condition.A B C D18. The system of chemical symbols, first devised about 1800. gives a concise and instantly recognizableA Bdescription of a element or compound.C D19. The fact that white light is light composed of various wavelengths may be demonstrating byA B Cdispersing a beam of such light through a prism.D20. Over the course of history, much civilizations developed their own number systems.A B C D21. In the United States during the Second World War, each trade unions and employers avoided federalA Blimits on wages by offering employees nontaxable medical benefits.C D22. Philosophy is the study of the nature of reality, knowledge, existent, and ethics by means of rationalA B C Dinquiry.23. Poems vary in length from brief lyric poems to narrative or epic poems, which can be as broad inA B C第 6 页共 17 页scope than a novel.D24. The population of California more than doubled during the period 1940-1960, creating problems inA Broad-building and provide water for its arid southern section.C D25. Although based it on feudal models, the colony of Pennsylvania developed a reputation for aA B Cprogressive political and social outlook.D26. Hard and resistant to corrosion, bronze is traditionally used in bell casting and is the material usedA Bwidely most for metal sculpture.C D27. The Appalachian Mountains formation a natural barrier between the eastern seaboard and the vastA Blowlands of the continental interior of North America.C D28. The United States census for 1970 showed that the French-speaking residents of Louisiana were oneA B Cof the country’s most compact regional linguistic minority.D29. When used as food additives, antioxidants prevent fats and oils from become rancid when exposedA B Cto air, and thus extend their shelf life.D31. Copper was the first metallic used by humans and is second only to iron in its utility throughA B Cthe ages.D32. Despite the fact that lemurs are general nocturnal, the ring-tailed lemur travels by day in bands ofA B Cfour to twelve individuals.D33. The Western world is beset with the range of problem that characterize mature, postindustrialA B Csocieties.D34. Acrylic paints are either applied using a knife or diluted and spreading with a paintbrush.A B C D35. Some marine invertebrates, such as the sea urchin and the starfish, migrates from deep water toA Bshallow during spring and early summer to spawn.C D36. Marshes, wetland areas characterized by plant grassy growth, are distinguished from swamps,A B Cwetlands where trees grown.D37. Wampum, beads used as a form of exchange by some Native Americans, was made of bits ofA B Cseashells cut, drill, and strung into belts.C38. Kangaroos use their long and powerful tails for balance themselves when sitting upright orA B C Djumping.39. Proper city planning provides for the distribution of public utilities, public buildings, parks, andA Brecreation centers, and for adequate and the inexpensive housing.C D40. Most traditional dances are made up of a prearranged series of steps and movements, but modernA Bdancers are generally free to move as they choice.C D第 7 页共 17 页Section Three: Reading ComprehensionQuestions 1-9In 1972, a century after the first national park in the United States was established at Yellowstone, legislation was passed to create the National Marine Sanctuaries Program.The intent of this legislation was to provide protection to selected coastal habitats similar To that existing for land areas designated as national parks. The designation of an areas 5) a marine sanctuary indicates that it is a protected area, just as a national park is. Peopleare permitted to visit and observe there, but living organisms and their environments may not be harmed or removed.The National Marine Sanctuaries Program is administered by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, a branch of the United States Department of Commerce.10) Initially, 70 sites were proposed as candidates for sanctuary status. Two and a half decadeslater, only fifteen sanctuaries had been designated, with half of these established after1978. They range in size from the very small (less than I square kilometer) Fagatele Bay National Marine Sanctuary in American Samoa to the Monterey Bay National MarineSanctuary in California, extending over 15,744 square kilometers.15) The National Marine Sanctuaries Program is a crucial part of new managementpractices in which whole communities of species, and not just individual species, areoffered some degree of protection from habitat degradation and overexploitation. Only in this way can a reasonable degree of marine species diversity be maintained in a setting that also maintains the natural interrelationships that exist among these species.20) Several other types of marine protected areas exist in the United States and othercountries. The National Estuarine Research Reserve System, managed by the UnitedStates government, includes 23 designated and protected estuaries. Outside the United States, marine protected-area programs exist as marine parks, reserves, and preserves.Over 100 designated areas exist around the periphery of the Carbbean Sea. Others range 25) from the well-known Australian Great Barrer Reef Marine Park to lesser-known parksin countries such as Thailand and Indonesia, where tourism is placing growing pressures on fragile coral reef systems. As state, national, and international agencies come torecognize the importance of conserving marine biodiversity, marine projected areas.whether as sanctuaries, parks, or estuarine reserves, will play an increasingly important role in preserving that diversity.1. What does the passage mainly discuss?(A) Differences among marine parks,sanctuaries, and reserves(B) Various marine conservation programs(C) International agreements on coastalprotection(D) Similarities between land and sea protected environments2. The word “intent” in line 3 is closest in meaning to(A) repetition(B) approval(C) goal(D) revision第 8 页共 17 页3. The word “administered” in line 8 is closest in meaning to(A) managed(B) recognized(C) opposed(D) justified4. The word “these” in line 11 refers to(A) sites(B) candidates(C) decades(D) sanctuaries5. The passage mentions the Monterey Bay National Marine Sanctuary (lines 13-14) as an example of a sanctuary that(A) is not well know(B) covers a large area(C) is smaller than the Fagatele Bay National Marine Sanctuary(D) was not originally proposed for sanctuarystatus6. According to the passage, when was the National Marine Sanctuaries Programestablished?(A) Before 1972(B) After 1987(C) One hundred years before national parks were established(D) One hundred years after YellowstoneNational Park was established 7. According to the passage, all of the following are achievements of the National MarineSanctuaries Program EXCEPT(A) the discovery of several new marineorganisms(B) the preservation of connections betweenindividual marine species(C) the protection of coastal habitats(D) the establishment of areas where the public can observe marine life8. The word “periphery” in line 24 is closest inmeaning to(A) depth(B) landmass(C) warm habitat(D) outer edge9. The passage mentions which of the following asa threat to marine areas outside the UnitedStates?(A) Limitations in financial support(B) The use of marine species as food(C) Variability of the climate(D) Increases in tourismQuestions 10-17From their inception, most rural neighborhoods in colonial North America included at least one carpenter, joiner, sawyer, and cooper in woodworking; a weaver and a tailor for clothing production; a tanner, currier, and cordwainer (shoemaker) for fabricating leather objects; and a blacksmith for metalwork, Where stone was the local building material, a5) mason was sure to appear on the list of people who paid taxes. With only an apprentice asan assistant, the rural artisan provided the neighborhood with common goods from furniture to shoes to farm equipment in exchange for cash or for “goods in kind” from the customer’s第 9 页共 17 页field, pasture, or dairy. Sometimes artisans transformed material provided by the customer wove cloth of yam spun at the farm from the wool of the family sheep; made chairs or tables 10) from wood cut in the customer’s own woodlot; produced shoes or leather breeches fromcow, deer, or sheepskin tanned on the farm.Like their farming neighbors, rural artisans were part of an economy seen, by one historian, as “an orchestra conducted by nature.” Some tasks could not be done in the winter, other had to be put off during harvest time, and still others waited on raw materials that were 15) only produced seasonally. As the days grew shorter, shop hours kept pace, since few artisanscould afford enough artificial light to continue work when the Sun went down. To the best of their ability, colonial artisans tried to keep their shops as efficient as possible and toregularize their schedules and methods of production for the best return on their investment in time, tools, and materials, While it is pleasant to imagine a woodworker, for example, 20) carefully matching lumber, joining a chest together without resort to nails or glue, andapplying all thought and energy to carving beautiful designs on the finished piece, the time required was not justified unless the customer was willing to pay extra for the quality—and few in rural areas were, Artisans, therefore, often found it necessary to employ asmany shortcuts and economics as possible while still producing satisfactory products.10. What aspect of rural colonial North America does the passage mainly discuss?(A) Farming practices(B) The work of artisans(C) The character of rural neighborhoods(D) Types of furniture that were popular11. The word “inception” in line 1 is closest in meaning to(A) investigation(B) location(C) beginning(D) records12. The word “fabricating” in line 3 is closest in meaning to(A) constructing(B) altering(C) selecting(D) demonstrating13. It can be inferied from the from the passagethat the use of artificial light in colonial timeswas(A) especially helpful to woodworkers(B) popular in rural areas(C) continuous in winter(D) expensive14. Why did colonial artisans want to “regularizetheir schedules their schedules” (line 18)? (A) To enable them to produce high qualityproducts(B) To enable them to duplicate an item manytimes(C) To impress their customers(D) To keep expenses low15. The phrase “resort to” in line 20 is closest in meaning to(A) protecting with(B) moving toward(C) manufacturing(D) using16. The word “few’ in lines 23 refers to第 10 页共 17 页(A) woodworkers(B) finished pieces(C) customers(D) chests17. It can inferred that the artisans referred to inthe passage usually produced products thatwere(A) simple(B) delicate(C) beautifully decorated(D) exceptionally long-lastingQuestions 18-28Cities develop as a result of functions that they can perform. Some functions result directly from the ingenuity of the citizenry, but most functions result from the needs of the local area and of the surrounding hinterland (the region that supplies goods to thecity and to which the city furnishes services and other goods). Geographers often make 5) a distinction between the situation and the site of a city. Situation refers to the generalposition in relation to the surrounding region, whereas site involves physicalcharacteristics of the specific location. Situation is normally much more important tothe continuing prosperity of a city. if a city is well situated in regard to its hinterland, its development is much more likely to continue. Chicago, for example, possesses an almost 10) unparalleled situation: it is located at the southern end of a huge lake that forces east-westtransportation lines to be compressed into its vicinity, and at a meeting of significant land and water transport routes. It also overlooks what is one of the world’s finest largefarming regions. These factors ensured that Chicago would become a great city regardless of the disadvantageous characteristics of the available site, such as being prone to flooding 15) during thunderstorm activity.Similarly, it can be argued that much of New York City’s importance stems from its early and continuing advantage of situation. Philadephia and Boston both originated at about the same time as New York and shared New York’s location at the western end of one of the world’s most important oceanic trade routes, but only New York possesses an 20) easy-access functional connection (the Hudson-Mohawk lowland) to the vast Midwesternhinterland. This account does not alone explain New York’s primacy, but it does include several important factors. Among the many aspects of situation that help to explain why some cities grow and others do not, original location on a navigable waterway seemsparticularly applicable. Of course, such characteristic as slope, drainage, power25) resources, river crossings, coastal shapes, and other physical characteristics help todetermine city location, but such factors are normally more significant in early stagesof city development than later.第 11 页共 17 页18. What does the passage mainly discuss?(A) The development of trade routes throughUnited States cities(B) Contrasts in settlement patterns in UnitedStates(C) Historical differences among three largeUnited States cities(D) The importance of geographical situation in the growth of United States cities19. The word “ingenuity” in line 2. is closest inmeaning to(A) wealth(B) resourcefulness(C) traditions(D) organization20. The passage suggests that a geographer wouldconsider a city’s soil type part of its(A) hinterland(B) situation(C) site(D) function21. According to the passage, a city’s situation ismore important than its site in regard to thecity’s.(A) long-term growth and prosperity(B) ability to protect its citizenry(C) possession of favorable weather conditions(D) need to import food supplies22. The author mentions each of the following asan advantage of Chicago’s location EXCEPTits.(A) hinterland(B) nearness to a large lake(C) position in regard to transport routes(D) flat terrain23. The word “characteristics” in line 14 is closest in meaning to(A) choices(B) attitudes(C) qualities(D) inhabitants24. The primary purpose of paragraph 1 is to(A) summarize past research and introduceanew study(B) describe a historical period(C) emphasize the advantages of one theory over another(D) define a term and illustrate it with anexample25. According to the passage, Philadelphia andBoston are similar to New York City in(A) size of population(B) age(C) site(D) availability of rail transportation26. The word “functional” in line 20 is closest in meaning to(A) alternate(B) unknown(C) original(D) usable27. The word “it” in line 21 refers to(A) account(B) primacy(C) connection(D) hinterland28. The word “significant” in line 26 is closest in meaning to(A) threatening(B) meaningful(C) obvious(D) available第 12 页共 17 页。

2003.10听力文字

2003.10听力文字

0310 听力文字答案1.A: Oh, So that was your sister you working with yesterday. You don’t look very much alike.B: No, we did when we were kids but not any more.What does the woman mean?2.A: I can’t believe my roommates still hasn’t wash the dishes, there not clean dishes left for breakfast to use.B: Don’t worry about it, paper plate to fine.What does the man mean?3A: I hear you have applied to several universities, have you got accept to any one?B: I haven’t heard anything yet, but I should know something with the next few weeks.What does the woman mean?4A: Professor, I know your course has no absence policy, but I have to have foots surgery next Friday and can’t be here.B: Medical excuses are one of the few exceptions I make.What will the professor probably do?5.A: By working through the spring break, I manage to save up 500 hundred dollars for the trip to Canada this summer. How are you coming along?B: I am still a ways offWhat does the man mean?6.A: I am just writing the Maries about our vacation. Why don’t we enclose some pictures of us from the Grand Canyon?B: D on’t you think it a little lot focus?What does the woman imply?7.A: Oh, I was so angry. My biology professor would not even let me try to explain why I missed the field trip. He just give me a zeroB: That is not a thing in fare. I would feel that way too if I were you.What does the man imply about the woman8.A: Have you guys decided whether you going to get an apartment off campus next year, or you stay in the dorm?B: We still talk about the #$%# and @$#%. To me it sounds like six of the wine, half dozen of the other. ???What does the man mean?9.A: What is that you are listening to? That be so strong and I can’t concentrate on my work.B: no problem, I would switch over to something lighter.What does the man probably to do10.A: We had a delicious Sunday branch at that hotel downtown. you should try it some timeB: I didn’t even know the building was finished. Shows how much I have been working lately. What does the man imply?11A: Hey, aren’t you going to the president presentation this morning? All classes have canceled so that every one can come,B: Oh, Really? So much for my excuse. I guess I have to join you then,What will the woman probably do?12A: What a relationship Steven and his father have.B: Don’t say. I only hope my daughter and I can get along like that when she is Steve;s ageWhat can be inferred from the woman?13.A: I just love this new CD, have you heard it?B: I really don’t listen to poplar music , I prefer classicalWhat does the man mean?14.A: Sorry Sam, I just hate these kinds of movies. They always give me bad dreams.B: I agree, let’s go see if we can get a refund at the front window.What will the speakers probably to do next?15.A: I thought stay open to midnight during the week.B: well, the hours are shorter during summer.What does the woman mean?16.A: I thought you had finished your report, so I got it to the S tonightB: Well, it’s not done, but it’s not due till next week.What can be inferred from the woman?17.A: Are you going to Linda’s party tonight?B: Are you kidding? I will missing it for anythingWhat does the man mean?18A: I am going to straight up my desk now.B: It is about time!What does the woman imply?19.A: I just loving walk through this park, the trees are gorgesB: The trees? What about these wild flowers?What does the man mean?20.A: My parents need a place to stay when they come to the town next week. Do you have any suggestions?B: I like to recommend the CI to visitors, but unlike the other places in town, they usually fill month in advance.What does the woman imply?Go on to the next page……..21.A: I am going to the cafeteria to grab a bread to eat. wanna come along?B: You go ahead, I am not really all that hungry.What does the woman suggest the man do?22.A: Thank heaven, it is the Friday! Are you doing anything special this weekend?B: Good question, to tell you the truth, my brother might be coming over, and so everything is up to the air right now.What does the man mean?23.A: BTW, thank you so much for offering to mail my bill this morning. I just didn’t have time to get over the post office.B: Oh my gauche, I am really sorry, I will go to drop the box right now.What will the man probably do next.24.A: I will get to leave for the airport right away. Bill’s plane is due in an hour.B: Judging by the weather outside, I doubt the plane won’t land on schedule.What does the man imply25.A: How did you do on the math quiz?B: Well, I am luck that they only count for a small p#$%#? of our final grades for the course. What can be inferred from the woman?26A: Oh, Hi, I hate to tell you but we have done the lunch and the dissert is on its way. We decide you were going to show up.B: I can understand that, I have never seen such traffic. I am glad you didn’t wait.What does the man mean?27.A: I admire you dedication. I could never finish that long of laboratory experiment by myself.B: I feel that I cut out for that kind of work.What does the woman mean?????????????28.A: aoh, I think we have left the road map at home. Do you know how to get the beach?B: no idea, but since we have gone very far, we might as well as just turn around.What will the speakers probably do.29.A: I tentative to leave the schedule the meeting till Thursday to go over your inventory report , assuming you can meet that deadline,B: Well, to be honst, even Friday migth be push it little.What does the man imply?30.A: I need to bring in a little money, I wondering if there are any opening of the book store?B: It worth going an askingWhat does the man suggest the woman do?part B31-35W: Dr Manning, do you have a few minuets. I’d like to ask you about this fossil I found.M: Sure Jon. What have you got there?W: Well, it’s some kind of shellfish. I thought is might be a brachiopod, but I am not sure. I found it when I went out hiking last weekend.M: I think you might be right. It certainly appears to be a brachiopod. But it’s easy to confus e them withthe bivalve mollusks. Superficially they resemble one another. Both have two shells for example.W: How can you tell them apart then?M: Well, there are some minor differences in the shell. A lot of brachiopods have ridge shells like this one. There are other distinctions of course. Internally they are quite different. Mollusks and brachiopods belong to different animal groups, and they have been in competition with one another millions of years ago. W: How old do you think this one is?M: It’s hard to tell. The earliest brachiopods were from the Paleozoic era, 300 to 500 million years ago. They were quite successful then in terms of number of species. It’s not out of the question that your fossil could be that old.W: Wow, that’s amazing. Kind of makes paleontology seem more interesting when you can hold it in your hand.M: You know that gives me an idea. Would you mind bring this to our next class? The others might find it interesting too.W: Well, I could. But if you don’t already have one in your collection, I thought you might as well keep it. M: That’s very kind of you.31. What are the speakers mainly discussing?32. Why does the prof mention bivalve mollusks?33. Why does the prof think the fossil might be a brachiopod?34. What does the prof say about the age of the fossil?35. What does the woman want to do with the fossil?36-39M: I am so relieved I just finished the story I was working on for our creative writing course.W: I haven’t quite finished mine yet. I had trouble getting pas s the beginning.M: How come?W: Well, I was really happy to be writing a detective story. But after the first few pages, I sort of froze up mentally. I just couldn’t write any more.M: The same thing happened to me. I thought it meant I lack imagination.W: Well, Prof Wilson said it’s pretty common for writers to get stuck like tat.M: You went to talk to her about it?W: Actually, I went to ask for more time to finish the assignment. But instead she gave me some advise about how to keep from getting stalled writing like that. She said that the first thing I should do is just write anything that come into my head even if it doesn’t make any sense, sort of burble warm up exercise. M: That is interesting. When I got stuck, I shift to something else, you know, do some work for one of my other courses.W: Well, her methods seem have worked for me. I’ve written most of the story, and I should be able to hand it in on time. But first I need go to the jewelry store.M: You are going shopping? Can’t you wait until you finish your story?W: I am going there for my store. My detective solves a jewelry store robbery. So I want to take a look at how the jewelry cases are arranged, where the security cameras are located, that sort of thing.36. What is the conversation mainly about?37. What was the woman’s problem?38. What did the prof tell the woman to do?39. Why is the woman going out?Part C40-42 biologyToday, we are going to talk about a special way some plants respond to being invaded by pests. The plants rea ct by emitting a chemical signal, which acts like a call for help. Let’s take corn plants for example. Sometimes, caterpillars chew on the corn leaves. When the caterpillar saliva mixes with the chew portion of a leave, the plant releases a chemical scream that attracts wasps. The wasps respond to the signal by flying to the chewed on leave, and laying their eggs on the caterpillars. The caterpillars die in the next few days as the wasp offspring nourish themselves by feeding of them. Thus the corn plant prevents all its leaves from being eaten by the caterpillars. This chemical scream is specific. It’s only released after the plant has detected the caterpillar saliva. A plant that is cut by in the other means does not give off the same signal, nor doesn’t u ndamaged plants. This also explains how a wasp can find a caterpillar in a huge field of corn. Soybean, cotton and probably many other plants use similar type of defense against pests. By enhancing this natural response in plants, researchers might reduce, some day even eliminate, the need for chemical pesticide, which can cause ecological damage. For example, scientists might breed plants for this screaming trait, or they might transplant specific genes to increase the release of the chemical signals.40. What’s the main purpose of the talk?41. What causes the corn plant to emit the chemical signal?42. How can a wasp find a caterpillar on a corn plant?43-47 religious studyToday, we are going to continue our discussion of Buddhism. In our last class, we talked about how it practiced. Today, I’d like to talk a little about early Buddhism, which we really don’t know much about. Well, what is known is that the teachings of Buddhism were memorized, and passed on orally for centuries by its followers. Recently, there was an important discovery of Buddhist manuscripts that are believed to be the oldest ever found. They may be 2,100 years old. And there maybe as many as 20 of them. It’s expected that we will be able to learn from them about the spread of Buddhism from present day India into China, and throughout Asia. But the scrolls themselves have presented challenge too. They were very fragile, found rolled up in clay pots. Before they even could be looked at, they need to be dampened over night in fact, and then carefully flattened with tweezers. And it’s not that anybody could just sit down and read them. The scrolls were written in a language that is really rare today. Only a few people are proficient at it. Considering these challenges, it’s easy to unders tand why it takes scholars so long to examine the scrolls.43. What is the main topic of the talk?44. According to the speaker, what’s one aspect of the manuscript that is very significant?45. What was an early source of information about Buddhism?46. What do scholars expect to learn about from the manuscripts?47. What has made it difficult to study the manuscripts?48-50 US historyAbout 200 years ago, the United States economy was growing quickly, mainly because a booming trade in grain and cotton. This trade is grain and cotton went on near areas near or at the cost, or near navigable rivers. It took place there because it was so expensive to transport goods over the roads that existed.They were muddy, narrow, and hard to travel on. At that time, do n’t forget there was only one continuous road that existed in the US, and it was made up of north to south local country roads, linked together to get one long road. Within a short time, the first east-to-west roads were built. They were called turnpikes. Private companies built these roads, and collected fees from all vehicles traveled on them. Eventually, a network of dirt, gravel or plank roadways connected some major cities and towns. But even these turnpike roads were still very slow, and traveling on them was too costly for farmers. They would spend more money to move their crops than they got by selling them. So, we see that even with some major improvement in roadways, farmers still had to rely on rivers to move their crops to markets.48. What’s the talk mainly about?49. According to the prof, what cause the growth of the US economy about 200 years ago?50. According to the prof, what did private companies do after they built new roads?。

2003年10月-托福听力真题(含答案和文本)HP

2003年10月-托福听力真题(含答案和文本)HP

2003年10月—托福听力真题1.A She is younger than her sister.B she does not spend much time with her sister’s children.C she does not get along well with her sisterD she no longer resembles her sister.2.A Paper plates are cheaper than dishes.B Dishes break more easily than paper plates.C There is no need to wash any dishes now.D The woman’s roommate will return soon.3.A She has not applied to any universities yet,B She will begin university classes in a few weeks.C She does not know yet if a university will accept her.D She is too busy to contact the university right now.4.A Reconsider his position laterB Allow the student to miss classC Lower the student’s gradeD Suggest that the student try to reschedule the operation5.A He does not have enough money for the trip yet.B He is planning to work during spring break .C The trip is too far off in the future to think about.D He has changed his mind about going to Canada.6.A The photograph is not good enough to send.B The photograph was not taken at the Grand Canyon.C They already sent Mary a photograph of their vacation.D Sending pictures through the mail is too expensive.7.A She should have asked to be excused from the trip.B She deserves the zero.C She is right to be angry.D She should have gone on the field trip.8.A He wants to live off campus.B There are advantages and disadvantages to living off campus.C Living space in the dorm is crowded.D There are only a few apartments available off campus.9.A Turn down the volume of the musicB Turn the music offC Play a different style of music.D Listen to music in a different room.10.A It took a long time to finish the building.B He was too busy to notice the opening of the hotel.C He did not know the hotel had a restaurant.D He would like to meet the woman for brunch next Sunday.11.A Go to her class.B Cancel her appointment with the president.C Ask her professor to excuse her from class.D Attend the presentation.12.A She admires Steve’s relationship with his father.B She does not know Steve or his father.C Her daughter is older than Steve.D She disagrees with the man.13.A He has heard the new CD.B He does not enjoy classical music.C He is not interested in the CD.D He rarely listens to music.14.A Buy tickets for the next showing.B Leave the theaterC Change their seats for a better viewD Ask the couple in front of them to be quiet15.A The library closes earlier during the summer.B The library is closed during summer vacation.C The library will be open until midnight tonight.D She does not usually go to the library during the summer.16.A She is sorry the man has to cancel the plansB She wants to hand in her report early.C She would like to go with the man.D she does not usually enjoy the symphony.17.A He has other plans for the eveningB He is looking forward to attending the party.C He often misses Linda’s parties.D he wants to know if he should bring anything to the party. 18.A There is just about enough time to do the jobB The desk has never been so orderly.C The clock on the desk needs to be set.D The desk really needs organizing.19.A He enjoys looking at the flowers.B He thinks the park is boring.C He does not like walking with the woman.D He does not see any trees.20.A There are not very many hotels in the area.B She stayed at the Clover Inn last month.C She is not sure the man’s parents would like the Clover Inn.D It may be too late to get a room at the Clover Inn.21.A Wait until later to eatB Go to the cafeteria without herC Bring her some food from the cafeteriaD Meet her at the cafeteria22.A He has to work with his brother .B He has no definite plans.C He usually works on weekends.D His plants depend on the woman.23.A Buy stamps at the post officeB Mail the woman’s billC Drive to the woman’s houseD Pick up a package from the post office24.A The woman should call Bill to check his schedule.B The woman should have left for the airport earlier.C The woman does not need to rush to meet Bill .D Traffic near the airport could delay the woman’s arrival.25.A She did better on the quiz than the man did.B She did not have to take the quiz.C She has not yet received her grade on the quiz.D She did not do well on the quiz.26.A He will be happy to share their dessertB He did not know what time he was supposed to arrive.C He expected the traffic to be bad.D He is not upset that they ate lunch.27.A She has to quit her job in the laboratory.B She cut herself while working in the laboratory.C She enjoys doing laboratory experiments.D She feels that the man is dedicated to his work too.28.A Ask for directionsB Try a different route to the beachC Go back for the mapD Cancel their trip29.A He would like the woman to reschedule the meeting.B He will meet the woman briefly on FridayC The report will not be ready until Thursday.D The report was finished last Friday.30.A Find out when the bookstore opensB Withdraw some cashC Inquire about a jobD Spend her extra money on books31.A Ways to determine the age of a fossilB The identity of a fossil the woman foundC A comparison of two shellfish fossilsD Plans for a field trip to look for fossils32.A The class is going to study them .B They evolved from brachiopods.C They are similar to brachiopods in appearance.D They belong to the same species as brachiopods.33.A It has a ribbed shell.B It has an unusually large valve.C It was found near the water.D It is smaller than a mollusc.34.A He has never seen a fossil that old.B It could be many millions of years old.C It is probably a recent specimen.D He will ask the lab how old it is.35.A Take it to classB Put it in her collectionC Take it to the labD Leave it with her professor36.A A jewelry store robberyB Buying a birthday presentC Writing a storyD Doing research for a class assignment37.A Her professor did not like her story .B She had trouble finishing her assignmentC she did not like the topic she had chosen for her paper.D She was taking too many courses,38.A Take some extra timeB Do a writing exerciseC Do some work for another courseD Write the story ending first39.A To go shoppingB To do research for her storyC To meet with her professorD To take a break from her work40.A To describe ways pests can damage plantsB To examine the life cycle of caterpillarsC To explain how corn plants developD To describe how a natural pesticide works41.A Caterpillars chewing on its leavesB Wasps laying eggs on its leavesC Pesticides sprayed on its leavesD Knives cutting its stalk42.A By flying in circles around a fieldB By detecting a chemical signalC By inspecting individual corn leavesD By noticing the caterpillar’s coloration43.A Recently discovered manuscriptsB Similarities among religionsC Methods of analyzing ancient manuscriptsD How ancient manuscripts are preserved44.A The simplicity of their languageB Their ageC The location of their discoveryD The material they are made of45.A Orally preserved teachingsB A collection of lettersC A diaryD A scholarly article46.A Ancient settlers in AsiaB How Buddhism is practiced todayC The spread of Buddhism in AsiaD Why some languages disappear47.A The language they are written in is not widely known.B They cannot be moved from where they were foundC The writing in them has fadedD Many people want credit for the discovery.48.A The advantages of an economy based on farmingB Reasons farmers continued using river transportationC The role of cotton in the United States economyD Improved methods of transporting farm crops49.A The new technology used to build roadsB The ability to transport goods over landC The trade in grain and cottonD The linking of smaller local roads into one long road50.A Reduced charges for transporting farm productsB Required payment from vehicles that used their roadsC Made repairs to older roadsD Installed streetlights on roads connecting major cities2003年10月托福听力真题—答案1-5: DCCBA 6-10: ACBCB 11-15: DACBA 16-20: CBDAD 21-25: BBBCD 26-30: DCBAC 31-35: BCABD 36-40: CBBBD 41-45: ABABA 46-50: CABCD2003年10月托福听力真题—听力文本Part A1.A: Oh, So that was your sister you working with yesterday. Y ou don’t look very much alike.B: No, we did when we were kids but not any more.What does the woman mean?2.A: I can’t believe my roommates still hasn’t wash the dishes, there not clean dishes left for breakfast to use.B: Don’t worry about it, paper plate to fine.What does the man mean?3A: I hear you have applied to several universities, have you got accept to any one?B: I haven’t heard anything yet, but I should know something with the next few weeks.What does the woman mean?4A: Professor, I know your course has no absence policy, but I have to have foots surgery next Friday and can’t be here.B: Medical excuses are one of the few exceptions I make.What will the professor probably do?5.A: By working through the spring break, I manage to save up 500 hundred dollars for the trip to Canada this summer. How are you coming along?B: I am still a ways offWhat does the man mean?6.A: I am just writing the Maries about our vacation. Why don’t we enclose some pictures of us from the Grand Canyon?B: Don’t you think it a little lot focus?What does the woman imply?7.A: Oh, I was so angry. My biology professor would not even let me try to explain why I missed the field trip. He just give me a zeroB: That is not a thing in fare. I would feel that way too if I were you.What does the man imply about the woman8.A: Have you guys decided whether you going to get an apartment off campus next year, or you stay in the dorm?B: We still talk about the #$%# and @$#%. To me it sounds like six of the wine, half dozen of the other.What does the man mean?9.A: What is that you are listening to? That be so strong and I can’t concentrate on my work.B: no problem, I would switch over to something lighter.What does the man probably do?10.A: We had a delicious Sunday branch at that hotel downtown. you should try it some timeB: I didn’t even know the building was finished. Shows how much I have been working lately. What does the man imply?11A: Hey, aren’t you going to the president presentation this morning? All classes have canceled so that every one can come,B: Oh, Really? So much for my excuse. I guess I have to join you then,What will the woman probably do?12A: What a relationship Steven and his father have.B: Don’t say. I only hope my daughter and I can get along like that when she is Steve;s ageWhat can be inferred from the woman?13.A: I just love this new CD, have you heard it?B: I really don’t listen to poplar music, I prefer classical.What does the man mean?14.A: Sorry Sam, I just hate these kinds of movies. They always give me bad dreams.B: I a gree, let’s go see if we can get a refund at the front window.What will the speakers probably to do next?15.A: I thought stay open to midnight during the week.B: well, the hours are shorter during summer.What does the woman mean?16.A: I thought you had finished your report, so I got it to the S tonight.B: Well, it’s not done, but it’s not due till next week.What can be inferred from the woman?17.A: Are you going to Linda’s party tonight?B: Are you kidding? I will miss it for anything.What does the man mean?18A: I am going to straight up my desk now.B: It is about time!What does the woman imply?19.A: I just loving walk through this park, the trees are gorgesB: The trees? What about these wild flowers?What does the man mean?20.A: My parents need a place to stay when they come to the town next week. Do you have any suggestions?B: I like to recommend the CI to visitors, but unlike the other places in town, they usually fill month in advance.What does the woman imply?Go on to the next page……..21.A: I am going to the cafeteria to grab a bread to eat. wanna come along?B: Y ou go ahead; I am not really all that hungry.What does the woman suggest the man do?22.A: Thank heaven, it is the Friday! Are you doing anything special this weekend?B: Good question, to tell you the truth, my brother might be coming over, and so everything is up to the air right now.What does the man mean?23.A: BTW, thank you so much for offering to mail my bill this morning. I just didn’t have time to get over the post office.B: Oh my gauche, I am really sorry, I will go to drop the box right now.What will the man probably do next?24.A: I will get to leave for the airport right away. Bill’s plane is due in an hour.B: Judging by the weather outside, I doubt the plane won’t land on schedule.What does the man imply?25.A: How did you do on the math quiz?B: Well, I am luck that they only count for a small p#$%#? of our final grades for the course. What can be inferred from the woman?26A: Oh, Hi, I hate to tell you but we have done the lunch and the dissert is on its way. We decide you were going to show up.B: I can understand that, I have never seen such traffic. I am glad you didn’t wait.What does the man mean?27.A: I admire you dedication. I could never finish that long of laboratory experiment by myself. B: I feel that I cut out for that kind of work.What does the woman mean?28.A: aoh, I think we have left the road map at home. Do you know how to get the beach?B: no idea, but since we have gone very far, we might as well as just turn around.What will the speakers probably do?29.A: I tentative to leave the schedule the meeting till Thursday to go over your inventory report, assuming you can meet that deadline.B: Well, to be honest, even Friday might be push it little.What does the man imply?30.A: I need to bring in a little money, I wondering if there are any opening of the book store?B: It worth going an asking.What does the man suggest the woman do?Part B31-35W: Dr Manning, do you have a few minuets. I’d like to ask you about this fossil I found.M: Sure Jon. What have you got there?W: Well, it’s some kind of shellfish. I thought is might be a brachiopod, but I am not sure. I found it when I went out hiking last weekend.M: I think you might be right. It certainly appears to be a brachiopod. But it’s easy to confuse them with the bivalve mollusks. Superficially they resemble one another. Both have two shells for example.W: How can you tell them apart then?M: Well, there are some minor differences in the shell. A lot of brachiopods have ridge shells like this one. There are other distinctions of course. Internally they are quite different. Mollusks and brachiopods belong to different animal groups, and they have been in competition with one another millions of years ago.W: How old do you think this one is?M: It’s hard to tell. The earliest brachiopods were from the Paleozoic era, 300 to 500 million years ago. They were quite successful then in ter ms of number of species. It’s not out of the question that your fossil could be that old.W: Wow, that’s amazing. Kind of makes paleontology seem more interesting when you can hold it in your hand.M: Y ou know that gives me an idea. Would you mind bring this to our next class? The others might find it interesting too.W: Well, I could. But if you don’t already have one in your collection, I thought you might as well keep it.M: That’s very kind of you.31. What are the speakers mainly discussing?32. Why does the prof mention bivalve mollusks?33. Why does the prof think the fossil might be a brachiopod?34. What does the prof say about the age of the fossil?35. What does the woman want to do with the fossil?36-39M: I am so relieved I just finished the story I was working on for our creative writing course. W: I haven’t quite finished mine yet. I had trouble getting pass the beginning.M: How come?W: Well, I was really happy to be writing a detective story. But after the first few pages, I sort of froz e up mentally. I just couldn’t write any more.M: The same thing happened to me. I thought it meant I lack imagination.W: Well, Prof Wilson said it’s pretty common for writers to get stuck like tat.M: Y ou went to talk to her about it?W: Actually, I went to ask for more time to finish the assignment. But instead she gave me some advise about how to keep from getting stalled writing like that. She said that the first thing I should do is just write anything that come into my head even if it doesn’t make a ny sense, sort of burble warm up exercise.M: That is interesting. When I got stuck, I shift to something else, you know, do some work for one of my other courses.W: Well, her methods seem have worked for me. I’ve written most of the story, and I should b e able to hand it in on time. But first I need go to the jewelry store.M: Y ou are going shopping? Can’t you wait until you finish your story?W: I am going there for my store. My detective solves a jewelry store robbery. So I want to take a look at how the jewelry cases are arranged, where the security cameras are located, that sort of thing.36. What is the conversation mainly about?37. What was the woman’s problem?38. What did the prof tell the woman to do?39. Why is the woman going out?Part C40-42 biologyToday, we are going to talk about a special way some plants respond to being invaded by pests. The plants react by emitting a chemical signal, which acts like a call for help. Let’s take corn plants for example. Sometimes, caterpillars chew on the corn leaves. When the caterpillar saliva mixes with the chew portion of a leave, the plant releases a chemical scream that attracts wasps. The wasps respond to the signal by flying to the chewed on leave, and laying their eggs on the caterpillars. The caterpillars die in the next few days as the wasp offspring nourish themselves by feeding of them. Thus the corn plant prevents all its leaves from being eaten by the caterpillars. This chemical scream is specific. It’s only released after the plant has det ected the caterpillar saliva. A plant that is cut by in the other means does not give off the same signal, nor doesn’t undamaged plants. This also explains how a wasp can find a caterpillar in a huge field of corn. Soybean, cotton and probably many other plants use similar type of defense against pests. By enhancing this natural response in plants, researchers might reduce, some day even eliminate the need for chemical pesticide, which can cause ecological damage. For example, scientists might breed plants for this screaming trait, or they might transplant specific genes to increase the release of the chemical signals.40. What’s the main purpose of the talk?41. What causes the corn plant to emit the chemical signal?42. How can a wasp find a caterpillar on a corn plant?43-47 religious studyToday, we are going to continue our discussion of Buddhism. In our last class, we talked about how it practiced. Today, I’d like to talk a little about early Buddhism, which we really don’t know much about. Well, what is known is that the teachings of Buddhism were memorized, and passed on orally for centuries by its followers. Recently, there was an important discovery of Buddhist manuscripts that are believed to be the oldest ever found. They may be 2,100 years old. And there maybe as many as 20 of them. It’s expected that we will be able to learn from them about the spread of Buddhism from present day India into China, and throughout Asia. But the scrolls themselves have presented challenge too. They were very fragile, found rolled up in clay pots. Before they even could be looked at, they need to be dampened over night in fact, and then carefully flattened with tweezers. And it’s not that anybody could just sit down and read them. The scrolls were written in a language that is really rare today. Only a few people are proficient at it. Considering these challenges, it’s easy to understand why it takes scholars so long to examine the scrolls.43. What is the main topic of the talk?44. According to the speaker, what’s one aspect of the manuscript that is very significant?45. What was an early source of information about Buddhism?46. What do scholars expect to learn about from the manuscripts?47. What has made it difficult to study the manuscripts?48-50 US historyAbout 200 years ago, the United States economy was growing quickly, mainly because a booming trade in grain and cotton. This trade is grain and cotton went on near areas near or at the cost, or near navigable rivers. It took place there because it was so expensive to transport goods over the roads that existed. They were muddy, narrow, and hard to travel on. At that time, don’t forget there was only one continuous road that existed in the US, and it was made up of north to south local country roads, linked together to get one long road. Within a short time, the first east-to-west roads were built. They were called turnpikes. Private companies built these roads, and collected fees from all vehicles traveled on them. Eventually, a network of dirt, gravel or plank roadways connected some major cities and towns. But even these turnpike roads were still very slow, and traveling on them was too costly for farmers. They would spend more money to move their crops than they got by selling them. So, we see that even with some major improvement in roadways, farmers still had to rely on rivers to move their crops to markets.48. What’s the talk mainly about?49. According to the prof, what cause the growth of the US economy about 200 years ago?50. According to the prof, what did private companies do after they built new roads?。

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2003年10月—托福听力真题1.A She is younger than her sister.B she does not spend much time with her sister’s children.C she does not get along well with her sisterD she no longer resembles her sister.2.A Paper plates are cheaper than dishes.B Dishes break more easily than paper plates.C There is no need to wash any dishes now.D The woman’s roommate will return soon.3.A She has not applied to any universities yet,B She will begin university classes in a few weeks.C She does not know yet if a university will accept her.D She is too busy to contact the university right now.4.A Reconsider his position laterB Allow the student to miss classC Lower the student’s gradeD Suggest that the student try to reschedule the operation5.A He does not have enough money for the trip yet.B He is planning to work during spring break .C The trip is too far off in the future to think about.D He has changed his mind about going to Canada.6.A The photograph is not good enough to send.B The photograph was not taken at the Grand Canyon.C They already sent Mary a photograph of their vacation.D Sending pictures through the mail is too expensive.7.A She should have asked to be excused from the trip.B She deserves the zero.C She is right to be angry.D She should have gone on the field trip.8.A He wants to live off campus.B There are advantages and disadvantages to living off campus.C Living space in the dorm is crowded.D There are only a few apartments available off campus.9.A Turn down the volume of the musicB Turn the music offC Play a different style of music.D Listen to music in a different room.10.A It took a long time to finish the building.B He was too busy to notice the opening of the hotel.C He did not know the hotel had a restaurant.D He would like to meet the woman for brunch next Sunday.11.A Go to her class.B Cancel her appointment with the president.C Ask her professor to excuse her from class.D Attend the presentation.12.A She admires Steve’s relationship with his father.B She does not know Steve or his father.C Her daughter is older than Steve.D She disagrees with the man.13.A He has heard the new CD.B He does not enjoy classical music.C He is not interested in the CD.D He rarely listens to music.14.A Buy tickets for the next showing.B Leave the theaterC Change their seats for a better viewD Ask the couple in front of them to be quiet15.A The library closes earlier during the summer.B The library is closed during summer vacation.C The library will be open until midnight tonight.D She does not usually go to the library during the summer.16.A She is sorry the man has to cancel the plansB She wants to hand in her report early.C She would like to go with the man.D she does not usually enjoy the symphony.17.A He has other plans for the eveningB He is looking forward to attending the party.C He often misses Linda’s parties.D he wants to know if he should bring anything to the party. 18.A There is just about enough time to do the jobB The desk has never been so orderly.C The clock on the desk needs to be set.D The desk really needs organizing.19.A He enjoys looking at the flowers.B He thinks the park is boring.C He does not like walking with the woman.D He does not see any trees.20.A There are not very many hotels in the area.B She stayed at the Clover Inn last month.C She is not sure the man’s parents would like the Clover Inn.D It may be too late to get a room at the Clover Inn.21.A Wait until later to eatB Go to the cafeteria without herC Bring her some food from the cafeteriaD Meet her at the cafeteria22.A He has to work with his brother .B He has no definite plans.C He usually works on weekends.D His plants depend on the woman.23.A Buy stamps at the post officeB Mail the woman’s billC Drive to the woman’s houseD Pick up a package from the post office24.A The woman should call Bill to check his schedule.B The woman should have left for the airport earlier.C The woman does not need to rush to meet Bill .D Traffic near the airport could delay the woman’s arrival.25.A She did better on the quiz than the man did.B She did not have to take the quiz.C She has not yet received her grade on the quiz.D She did not do well on the quiz.26.A He will be happy to share their dessertB He did not know what time he was supposed to arrive.C He expected the traffic to be bad.D He is not upset that they ate lunch.27.A She has to quit her job in the laboratory.B She cut herself while working in the laboratory.C She enjoys doing laboratory experiments.D She feels that the man is dedicated to his work too.28.A Ask for directionsB Try a different route to the beachC Go back for the mapD Cancel their trip29.A He would like the woman to reschedule the meeting.B He will meet the woman briefly on FridayC The report will not be ready until Thursday.D The report was finished last Friday.30.A Find out when the bookstore opensB Withdraw some cashC Inquire about a jobD Spend her extra money on books31.A Ways to determine the age of a fossilB The identity of a fossil the woman foundC A comparison of two shellfish fossilsD Plans for a field trip to look for fossils32.A The class is going to study them .B They evolved from brachiopods.C They are similar to brachiopods in appearance.D They belong to the same species as brachiopods.33.A It has a ribbed shell.B It has an unusually large valve.C It was found near the water.D It is smaller than a mollusc.34.A He has never seen a fossil that old.B It could be many millions of years old.C It is probably a recent specimen.D He will ask the lab how old it is.35.A Take it to classB Put it in her collectionC Take it to the labD Leave it with her professor36.A A jewelry store robberyB Buying a birthday presentC Writing a storyD Doing research for a class assignment37.A Her professor did not like her story .B She had trouble finishing her assignmentC she did not like the topic she had chosen for her paper.D She was taking too many courses,38.A Take some extra timeB Do a writing exerciseC Do some work for another courseD Write the story ending first39.A To go shoppingB To do research for her storyC To meet with her professorD To take a break from her work40.A To describe ways pests can damage plantsB To examine the life cycle of caterpillarsC To explain how corn plants developD To describe how a natural pesticide works41.A Caterpillars chewing on its leavesB Wasps laying eggs on its leavesC Pesticides sprayed on its leavesD Knives cutting its stalk42.A By flying in circles around a fieldB By detecting a chemical signalC By inspecting individual corn leavesD By noticing the caterpillar’s coloration43.A Recently discovered manuscriptsB Similarities among religionsC Methods of analyzing ancient manuscriptsD How ancient manuscripts are preserved44.A The simplicity of their languageB Their ageC The location of their discoveryD The material they are made of45.A Orally preserved teachingsB A collection of lettersC A diaryD A scholarly article46.A Ancient settlers in AsiaB How Buddhism is practiced todayC The spread of Buddhism in AsiaD Why some languages disappear47.A The language they are written in is not widely known.B They cannot be moved from where they were foundC The writing in them has fadedD Many people want credit for the discovery.48.A The advantages of an economy based on farmingB Reasons farmers continued using river transportationC The role of cotton in the United States economyD Improved methods of transporting farm crops49.A The new technology used to build roadsB The ability to transport goods over landC The trade in grain and cottonD The linking of smaller local roads into one long road50.A Reduced charges for transporting farm productsB Required payment from vehicles that used their roadsC Made repairs to older roadsD Installed streetlights on roads connecting major cities2003年10月托福听力真题—答案1-5: DCCBA 6-10: ACBCB 11-15: DACBA 16-20: CBDAD 21-25: BBBCD 26-30: DCBAC 31-35: BCABD 36-40: CBBBD 41-45: ABABA 46-50: CABCD2003年10月托福听力真题—听力文本Part A1.A: Oh, So that was your sister you working with yesterday. You don’t look very much alike.B: No, we did when we were kids but not any more.What does the woman mean?2.A: I can’t believe my roommates still hasn’t wash the dishes, there not clean dishes left for breakfast to use.B: Don’t worry about it, paper plate to fine.What does the man mean?3A: I hear you have applied to several universities, have you got accept to any one?B: I haven’t heard anything yet, but I should know something with the next few weeks.What does the woman mean?4A: Professor, I know your course has no absence policy, but I have to have foots surgery next Friday and can’t be here.B: Medical excuses are one of the few exceptions I make.What will the professor probably do?5.A: By working through the spring break, I manage to save up 500 hundred dollars for the trip to Canada this summer. How are you coming along?B: I am still a ways offWhat does the man mean?6.A: I am just writing the Maries about our vacation. Why don’t we enclose some pictures of us from the Grand Canyon?B: Don’t you think it a little lot focus?What does the woman imply?7.A: Oh, I was so angry. My biology professor would not even let me try to explain why I missed the field trip. He just give me a zeroB: That is not a thing in fare. I would feel that way too if I were you.What does the man imply about the woman8.A: Have you guys decided whether you going to get an apartment off campus next year, or you stay in the dorm?B: We still talk about the #$%# and @$#%. To me it sounds like six of the wine, half dozen of the other.What does the man mean?9.A: What is that you are listening to? That be so strong and I can’t concentrate on my work.B: no problem, I would switch over to something lighter.What does the man probably do?10.A: We had a delicious Sunday branch at that hotel downtown. you should try it some timeB: I didn’t even know the building was finished. Shows how much I have been working lately. What does the man imply?11A: Hey, aren’t you going to the president presentation this morning? All classes have canceled so that every one can come,B: Oh, Really? So much for my excuse. I guess I have to join you then,What will the woman probably do?12A: What a relationship Steven and his father have.B: Don’t say. I only hope my daughter and I can get along like that when she is Steve;s ageWhat can be inferred from the woman?13.A: I just love this new CD, have you heard it?B: I really don’t listen to poplar music, I prefer classical.What does the man mean?14.A: Sorry Sam, I just hate these kinds of movies. They always give me bad dreams.B: I a gree, let’s go see if we can get a refund at the front window.What will the speakers probably to do next?15.A: I thought stay open to midnight during the week.B: well, the hours are shorter during summer.What does the woman mean?16.A: I thought you had finished your report, so I got it to the S tonight.B: Well, it’s not done, but it’s not due till next week.What can be inferred from the woman?17.A: Are you going to Linda’s party tonight?B: Are you kidding? I will miss it for anything.What does the man mean?18A: I am going to straight up my desk now.B: It is about time!What does the woman imply?19.A: I just loving walk through this park, the trees are gorgesB: The trees? What about these wild flowers?What does the man mean?20.A: My parents need a place to stay when they come to the town next week. Do you have any suggestions?B: I like to recommend the CI to visitors, but unlike the other places in town, they usually fill month in advance.What does the woman imply?Go on to the next page……..21.A: I am going to the cafeteria to grab a bread to eat. wanna come along?B: You go ahead; I am not really all that hungry.What does the woman suggest the man do?22.A: Thank heaven, it is the Friday! Are you doing anything special this weekend?B: Good question, to tell you the truth, my brother might be coming over, and so everything is up to the air right now.What does the man mean?23.A: BTW, thank you so much for offering to mail my bill this morning. I just didn’t have time to get over the post office.B: Oh my gauche, I am really sorry, I will go to drop the box right now.What will the man probably do next?24.A: I will get to leave for the airport right away. Bill’s plane is due in an hour.B: Judging by the weather outside, I doubt the plane won’t land on schedule.What does the man imply?25.A: How did you do on the math quiz?B: Well, I am luck that they only count for a small p#$%#? of our final grades for the course. What can be inferred from the woman?26A: Oh, Hi, I hate to tell you but we have done the lunch and the dissert is on its way. We decide you were going to show up.B: I can understand that, I have never seen such traffic. I am glad you didn’t wait.What does the man mean?27.A: I admire you dedication. I could never finish that long of laboratory experiment by myself.B: I feel that I cut out for that kind of work.What does the woman mean?28.A: aoh, I think we have left the road map at home. Do you know how to get the beach?B: no idea, but since we have gone very far, we might as well as just turn around.What will the speakers probably do?29.A: I tentative to leave the schedule the meeting till Thursday to go over your inventory report, assuming you can meet that deadline.B: Well, to be honest, even Friday might be push it little.What does the man imply?30.A: I need to bring in a little money, I wondering if there are any opening of the book store?B: It worth going an asking.What does the man suggest the woman do?Part B31-35W: Dr Manning, do you have a few minuets. I’d like to ask you about this fossil I found.M: Sure Jon. What have you got there?W: Well, it’s some kind of shellfish. I thought is might be a brachiopod, but I am not sure. I found it when I went out hiking last weekend.M: I think you might be right. It certainly appears to be a brachiopod. But it’s easy to confuse them with the bivalve mollusks. Superficially they resemble one another. Both have two shells for example.W: How can you tell them apart then?M: Well, there are some minor differences in the shell. A lot of brachiopods have ridge shells like this one. There are other distinctions of course. Internally they are quite different. Mollusks and brachiopods belong to different animal groups, and they have been in competition with one another millions of years ago.W: How old do you think this one is?M: It’s hard to tell. The earliest brachiopods were from the Paleozoic era, 300 to 500 million years ago. They were quite successful then in ter ms of number of species. It’s not out of the question that your fossil could be that old.W: Wow, that’s amazing. Kind of makes paleontology seem more interesting when you can hold it in your hand.M: You know that gives me an idea. Would you mind bring this to our next class? The others might find it interesting too.W: Well, I could. But if you don’t already have one in your collection, I thought you might as well keep it.M: That’s very kind of you.31. What are the speakers mainly discussing?32. Why does the prof mention bivalve mollusks?33. Why does the prof think the fossil might be a brachiopod?34. What does the prof say about the age of the fossil?35. What does the woman want to do with the fossil?36-39M: I am so relieved I just finished the story I was working on for our creative writing course. W: I haven’t quite finished mine yet. I had trouble getting pass the beginning.M: How come?W: Well, I was really happy to be writing a detective story. But after the first few pages, I sort of froz e up mentally. I just couldn’t write any more.M: The same thing happened to me. I thought it meant I lack imagination.W: Well, Prof Wilson said it’s pretty common for writers to get stuck like tat.M: You went to talk to her about it?W: Actually, I went to ask for more time to finish the assignment. But instead she gave me some advise about how to keep from getting stalled writing like that. She said that the first thing I should do is just write anything that come into my head even if it doesn’t make a ny sense, sort of burble warm up exercise.M: That is interesting. When I got stuck, I shift to something else, you know, do some work for one of my other courses.W: Well, her methods seem have worked for me. I’ve written most of the story, and I should b e able to hand it in on time. But first I need go to the jewelry store.M: You are going shopping? Can’t you wait until you finish your story?W: I am going there for my store. My detective solves a jewelry store robbery. So I want to take a look at how the jewelry cases are arranged, where the security cameras are located, that sort of thing.36. What is the conversation mainly about?37. What was the woman’s problem?38. What did the prof tell the woman to do?39. Why is the woman going out?Part C40-42 biologyToday, we are going to talk about a special way some plants respond to being invaded by pests. The plants react by emitting a chemical signal, which acts like a call for help. Let’s take corn plants for example. Sometimes, caterpillars chew on the corn leaves. When the caterpillar saliva mixes with the chew portion of a leave, the plant releases a chemical scream that attracts wasps. The wasps respond to the signal by flying to the chewed on leave, and laying their eggs on the caterpillars. The caterpillars die in the next few days as the wasp offspring nourish themselves by feeding of them. Thus the corn plant prevents all its leaves from being eaten by the caterpillars. This chemical scream is specific. It’s only released after the plant has det ected the caterpillar saliva. A plant that is cut by in the other means does not give off the same signal, nor doesn’t undamaged plants. This also explains how a wasp can find a caterpillar in a huge field of corn. Soybean, cotton and probably many other plants use similar type of defense against pests. By enhancing this natural response in plants, researchers might reduce, some day even eliminate the need for chemical pesticide, which can cause ecological damage. For example, scientists might breed plants for this screaming trait, or they might transplant specific genes to increase the release of the chemical signals.40. What’s the main purpose of the talk?41. What causes the corn plant to emit the chemical signal?42. How can a wasp find a caterpillar on a corn plant?43-47 religious studyToday, we are going to continue our discussion of Buddhism. In our last class, we talked about how it practiced. Today, I’d like to talk a little about early Buddhism, which we really don’t know much about. Well, what is known is that the teachings of Buddhism were memorized, and passed on orally for centuries by its followers. Recently, there was an important discovery of Buddhist manuscripts that are believed to be the oldest ever found. They may be 2,100 years old. And there maybe as many as 20 of them. It’s expected that we will be able to learn from them about the spread of Buddhism from present day India into China, and throughout Asia. But the scrolls themselves have presented challenge too. They were very fragile, found rolled up in clay pots. Before they even could be looked at, they need to be dampened over night in fact, and then carefully flattened with tweezers. And it’s not that anybody could just sit down and read them. The scrolls were written in a language that is really rare today. Only a few people are proficient at it. Considering these challenges, it’s easy to understand why it takes scholars so long to examine the scrolls.43. What is the main topic of the talk?44. According to the speaker, what’s one aspect of the manuscript that is very significant?45. What was an early source of information about Buddhism?46. What do scholars expect to learn about from the manuscripts?47. What has made it difficult to study the manuscripts?48-50 US historyAbout 200 years ago, the United States economy was growing quickly, mainly because a booming trade in grain and cotton. This trade is grain and cotton went on near areas near or at the cost, or near navigable rivers. It took place there because it was so expensive to transport goods over the roads that existed. They were muddy, narrow, and hard to travel on. At that time, don’t forget there was only one continuous road that existed in the US, and it was made up of north to south local country roads, linked together to get one long road. Within a short time, the first east-to-west roads were built. They were called turnpikes. Private companies built these roads, and collected fees from all vehicles traveled on them. Eventually, a network of dirt, gravel or plank roadways connected some major cities and towns. But even these turnpike roads were still very slow, and traveling on them was too costly for farmers. They would spend more money to move their crops than they got by selling them. So, we see that even with some major improvement in roadways, farmers still had to rely on rivers to move their crops to markets.48. What’s the talk mainly about?49. According to the prof, what cause the growth of the US economy about 200 years ago?50. According to the prof, what did private companies do after they built new roads?。

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