英语：名词性从句教学案.doc.docx

名词性从句

名词性从句的功能相当于名词词组。在句中作主语；宾语；表语和同位语。因此，主语从句；宾语从句；表语从句和同位语从句通称为名词性从句。

第一节主语从句

引导主语从句的连接词有：that, whether, who, which, what, when, where, how, why等。

That she was invited to the ball made her very happy.

Whether he will come to the ball has nothing to do with me.

Whoever wants to see the film may get a ticket free.

Which team will win the match is still unknown.

What interests you doesn’ t interest him.

Where they had stayed was still unknown.

When they will have a meeting hasn’ t been decided.

注意：

1从句作主语谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。

Who will go is not important.

2 为了调节句子平衡，常用it作形式主语。

It is a pity that he didn’ t come yesterday.

It ’ s necessary that every League member (should) take the lead and work well.

It ’ s suggested that a modern hotel (should) be put up at the foot ofthe hill.

3 陈述句部分的主语是从句时，其反意疑问句部分的主语用it.

How he became a scientist is known to us all, isn’ t it?

第二节宾语从句

作动词、介词或形容词宾语的从句。

I think (that) you will like the pictures.

I feel it important that they finish their own task in time.

They are worrying about whether they can get there in time.

You can write about whatever topic you can think of.

Are you sure what you will do next?

I'm afraid that he will fail in the exam.

一从句三原：序；；引。

1.序：从句用述句序。

I wonder what he is writing to me about

但是： what’s the matter/wrong (with) ⋯⋯序不.

The owner came up to see what was the matter with me/what was wrong with me

2.：从句的与主句的保持一致。

(1).如果主句的是一般在或一般将来，从句用它本身的。

I hear he will come back in an hour.

(2).如果主句的是一般去，从句用相的去。

She said that he had never been to the Great Wall.

(3).如果从句的内容是客真理，从句仍然用一般在。

The teacher told us that the earth goes around the sun. / light travels faster than sound.

3.引：

（ 1）由 that 引

（ 2）由 if/whether 引

（ 3）由特殊疑引

二 it 在从句中的用：

1. vt.+it+adj./n.+that-clause或wh-clause。

She has made it clear that she will have nothing to do with him.

2.i) 在主构中，有一些上不以that-clause 或 wh-clause 从句直接作的，如果要接从

句，往往需要在从句前加上形式it.

The newspapers have it that some Japanese firms have gone bankrupt.

有几家日本公司已破

I don’ketli it when he is unhappy.

有：have（表明，持）,take（） ,hide（） ,love ,like ， dislike, hate, enjoy etc

ii) 在主构中, 如果是短，即+介，一般不能that 接从句。如果接从句，必加上形式it.

I will answer for it that Lao Ma will accomplish the task.

我担保老马能完成这项任务

Look to it that you make no more similar mistakes.

注意今后你不再犯类似的错误了

I am counting on it that you will come.

我期待着你的到来

这类动词还有：depend on, see to etc.

iii)某些固定搭配之后如果接 that 宾语从句 ,也必须使用作形式宾语 it.

We owe it to you that there wasn’ t a serious accident.

这次事故没造成严重的后果全靠你

I didn’ t send you anitation,inv as I took it for granted that you would be coming.

因为我认为你当然会来,所以没有给你发请柬

三

1否定的转移

当主句的谓语动词是think, believe, suppose, expect, imagine 等表示看法的动词时,宾语从句中谓语动词的否定式 ,习惯上前移到主句的谓语动词上.

I don’ t thinkthat he will be back until nine.

2 复杂疑问句 /双重疑问句

特殊疑问词 +do you think/ believe/ suppose/imagine etc+其它部分（陈述句语序）?

Who do you guess that girl in red is?

Why do you think we can’ t cut down the big tree?

----We haven ’ t heard from Jane for a long time.

----What do you suppose has happened to her?

Who do you imagine will speak at the meeting tomorrow?

3

----Will they be ready tomorrow?

----Yes, I think so. (Yes, I think that they will be ready tomorrow)

so 用来替代某一些动词 (think, believe, suppose, imagine, hope etc) 后面的that从句.

----Will they attend the meeting next month? ----No, I don ’ t believe so (I believe not)

在替代否定概念，既可以用so，也可以用not.

但是：在hope 和 be afraid 后在替代否定概念只能是not，不能是so.

---- Do you think we’ ll have bad weather?----Ihope not.