句子成分和简单句五种基本句型
句子成分和简单句五个基本句型
句子成分和简单句五个基本句型一、句子成分构成句子的各个部分叫做句子成分。
（一）主语主语是一个句子所叙述的主体,一般位于句首。
但在there be结构、疑问句（当主语不是疑问词时)和倒装句中,主语位于谓语、助动词或情态动词后面。
1.During the 1990s, American country music has become more and more popular。
（名词）2.We often speak English in class.(代词)3。
One-third of the students in this class are girls.(数词)4.To swim in the river is a great pleasure。
（不定式)5。
Smoking does harm to the health.（动名词）6.The rich should help the poor。
（名词化的形容词）7. When we are going to have an English test has not been decided。
（主语从句）8. It is necessary to master a foreign language.（it作形式主语，真正的主语为后面的不定式）（二)谓语谓语说明主语所做的动作或具有的特征和状态.动词在句中作谓语，一般放在主语之后。
1、简单谓语：由一个动词或动词短语构成。
如：He practices running every morning。
2、复合谓语：（1）由情态动词或其他助动词加动词原形构成。
You may keep the book for two weeks.He has caught a bad cold。
(2)由系动词加表语构成。
如:We are students。
（三）表语表语用以说明主语的身份、特征和状态，它一般位于系动词（如be，become，get，look, grow，turn, seem等）之后。
英语句子的成分及简单句的五种基本句式
英语句子的成分及简单句的五种基本句式Ⅰ. ▲句子成分分类1．主语:主语是谓语讲述的对象，表示所说的“是什么”或“是谁”。
一般由名词、代词、不定代词或相当于名词的单词或短语来充当，也有从句充当的现象。
大多数主语都在句首。
如：We didn’t have enough time to think about problems by ourselves. We had to do muchhomework after class. She enjoys reading books and listening to music.Every coin has two sides（任何事物都有两面性）Three are enough.To spit in public is not polite. What to do next is not clear.Seeing English films is a good way to learn English well.Shopping on line has many advantages.What we need is food.▲在个别句型中，主语在整个句子后面，这时前面用it作形式主语。
如：It took two workers about three months to build the house.I t’s our duty to protect the environment.It’s very exciting not to have extra classes on holidays.It is important for us to obey traffic rules.On the other hand, there are some disadvantages to go online2．谓语:谓语时用来说明主语“做什么”、“是什么”或“怎么样”，谓语必须是动词，谓语和主语在“人称”和“数”两方面必须一致。
5种简单句基本句型及句子成分名词解释
5种简单句基本句型及句子成分名词解释前五个句型属于简单句的基本句型，后面三个是中考中重要的简单句句型，最后面是句子成分的名词解释。
—一.五种简单句基本句型1.主语+谓语”即主谓”句型）这一句型英汉语言结构形式完全相同，说明某人或某物如何动作”，或者说某人或某物自身怎样运动”。
例：They arrived in Harbin yesterday morning.分析：“they主语）“ arrived谓语）。
2.主语+谓语+宾语”即主谓宾”句型）这一句型英汉语言的结构形式完全相同，用以说明某人或某物做什么事情”，或者说某人或某物发出了动作，并且其动作涉及到另一个人或物”。
例：I study English.分析：“ I主语）“study谓语动作）“ English宾语即动作涉及的对象）。
3.主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语”即主谓双宾”句型）这一句型英汉语序结构相同，说明某人为谁（间接宾语为人）做某事”，或者说某人或物的运动涉及到两个对象，其中一个间接对象为人，另一个为物”。
例: Our teacher taught us English.分析：“our teacher主语）教”谓语动作）“us间接宾语）“English直接宾语）。
4.主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语”即主谓宾宾补”句型）这一句型说明某人或某物要求（使、让）某人做什么”或某人感觉某人或物怎么样”。
例：He asked her to go there.分析：“ he主语）asked谓语动作）“ her宾语即动作涉及的对象）“to go there 补”（语—补充说明宾语做什么）。
5.“主语+ 系动词+ 表语”即（“主系表”句型）这一句型用以说明“某人（某物、某事、某种概念）具有什么特征或处于什么状态”。
汉语的“是”字结构属于这一英语句型的形式之一。
常用的联系动词有be, keep ，lie, remain, stand, become, fall, get, go, grow, turn, look, feel, seem, smell, sound, taste, 等。
英语简单句(句子成分+5大基本句型+句子结构)
• 6.Many teachers live in another city. 主+谓
1. He likes eggs, but he doesn’t like chickens. 并列句 2. Work hard or you will fall behind. 并列句
4. ---__________ weather it is! We can’t go boating on the Xuanwu Lake.
---Don’t worry. Let’s go to the Science Museum instead. A. What a bad B. How bad C. What bad
选择疑问句中一般用or连接，回答时不能使用 yes或no，而要用一个完整的句子或省略形式。
① —Do you like apples or pears? ② —Which would you like better, tea or coffee?
首页
目录
尾页
直击中考考点
◆反意疑问句
1. 反意疑问句的常见用法 (1) 反意疑问句遵循“前肯后否，前否后肯”的原则。
意为“某人也一样”， 是表示肯定的倒装。 Ou Baizi passed this English exam, so did I .
欧百子通过了这次英语考试，我也通过了。 2. 易混句式：so+主语+助动词/系动词/情态动词。
意为“确实是……”。
—Ouyang Xue dances very well.欧阳雪舞跳得很好。
句子成分和简单句的五种基本句型
❖ 不及物动词是后面不可以直接跟宾语的 动词: laugh / smile / look / listen / …
❖2. 位于在be动词, 系动词后面。
You look younger than before. I am a teacher. Everybody is here. My job is to teach them English. They are at home now.
系动词（必背）
❖be (am is are was were) / seem / keep /…是/好象(似乎)是/保持
*在阅读句子的时候，第一个任务就是要找到 谓语! *做谓语的动词有时态、语态和数的变化；还 有及物动词与不及物动词的区别。
基本句型1 Ｓ +Ｖ （主＋谓） 此句型的句子有一个共同特
点，即句子的谓语动词都能表达 完整的意思。
这类动词叫做不及物动词， 后面可以跟副词、介词短语、状 语从句等。
基本句型2 Ｓ +Ｖ +Ｐ （主＋系＋表）
定语
❖ 用来修饰名词或代词。定语起类似于形 容词的修饰作用，
The black bike is mine. What is your name? They made paper flowers. The boys in the room are in Class Three, Grade Two. I have something to do.
简单句的五种句型
八大句子成分和五个基本句型
宾)
│
│
│
1. She ordered herself a new dress.
她给│自己定了│一套│新衣裳.
2. I showed him my pictures. 我给他
看我的│照片. │ │
3. He bought you a dictionary.他
给你买了一本字典.
5. S + Vt. + O + C (主+谓+宾+宾
相同，后者是前者的同位语。 ❖Mr. Smith, our new teacher, is very
kind to us.
Practice:
The tall boy often plays football in the playground at weekends.
(定语)主语 (状语)+ 谓语 +宾语（状 语 状语）
❖3）宾语：表示行为的对象，动作的承受者 ❖People make chances. ❖I am reading a book. ❖I like to play with him.
❖4）定语：是用来说明或者限制名词的成分， 常用形容词或者相当于形容词的短语或从 句担任。
❖This is a red sun. ❖He is a tall boy. ❖I bought an English-Chinese
❖Students study. ❖We are friends.
❖2）谓语：是对主语加以陈主语的后面。如：
❖We plant trees every year. ❖We study for the people. ❖I can speak a little English.
英语句子成分及简单句5种基本句型
英语句子成分及简单句5种基本句型一、英语句子成分根据英语词汇在英语句子中的地位和作用, 英语句子的成分可分为主语、谓语、宾语、宾语补足语、表语、定语、状语、同位语及独立成分等。
其中，主语和谓语是句子的主要成分，一般情况下，一个句子不能缺少这两种成分。
现将不同句子成分的用法列举如下：1. 主语：表示句子所要说明或描述的人或事物，一般由名词、代词或相当于名词的词组或句子充当，置于句首。
如：It's getting cold. 天冷起来了。
Now everything is ready. 现在一切都准备好了。
The teacher is very kind to us. 老师对我们很好。
2. 谓语：说明或描述主语的动作、状态或特征，由动词或动词短语充当，位于主语之后。
如：Mother bought me a birthday present. 妈给我买了个生日礼物。
We have finished our work already. 我们已经完成了工作。
3. 表语：表示主语的身份、性质、状态和特征，一般由名词、形容词、或相当于名词、形容词的词、短语或句子充当，位于系动词之后，形成英语独有的主系表结构。
如：Be careful! 小心!All the students are lovely. 所有的学生都很可爱。
He looks very angry. 他看上去很生气。
4. 宾语：指动作所涉及的人或事物，一般由名词、代词或相当于名词的词组或句子充当，位于动词之后。
如：He wrote many plays. 他写了许多剧本。
She loves swimming. 她喜欢游泳。
5. 宾语补足语：用来对宾语进行补充和说明，一般由名词、形容词、副词、介词短语或非谓语动词充当。
如：He told us to stay. 他叫我们留下。
I've never seen her dancing. 我从未看见过她跳舞。
英语句子成分及简单句5种基本句型
英语句子成分及简单句5种基本句型英语句子成分及简单句5种基本句型一、英语句子成分根据英语词汇在英语句子中的地位和作用, 英语句子的成分可分为主语、谓语、宾语、宾语补足语、表语、定语、状语、同位语及独立成分等。
其中，主语和谓语是句子的主要成分，一般情况下，一个句子不能缺少这两种成分。
现将不同句子成分的用法列举如下：1. 主语：表示句子所要说明或描述的人或事物，一般由名词、代词或相当于名词的词组或句子充当，置于句首。
如：It's getting cold. 天冷起来了。
Now everything is ready. 现在一切都准备好了。
The teacher is very kind to us. 老师对我们很好。
2. 谓语：说明或描述主语的动作、状态或特征，由动词或动词短语充当，位于主语之后。
如：Mother bought me a birthday present. 妈给我买了个生日礼物。
We have finished our work already. 我们已经完成了工作。
3. 表语：表示主语的身份、性质、状态和特征，一般由名词、形容词、或相当于名词、形容词的词、短语或句子充当，位于系动词之后，形成英语独有的主系表结构。
如：Be careful! 小心!All the students are lovely. 所有的学生都很可爱。
He looks very angry. 他看上去很生气。
4. 宾语：指动作所涉及的人或事物，一般由名词、代词或相当于名词的词组或句子充当，位于动词之后。
如：He wrote many plays. 他写了许多剧本。
She loves swimming. 她喜欢游泳。
5. 宾语补足语：用来对宾语进行补充和说明，一般由名词、形容词、副词、介词短语或非谓语动词充当。
如：He told us to stay. 他叫我们留下。
I've never seen her dancing. 我从未看见过她跳舞。
句子成分及简单句的五大基本句型
简单句的五大基本句型英语句子有长在短，有简有繁，从现象看，似乎千变万化，难以捉摸，但从实质看，可以发现其内在联系，找出其共同规律。
英语句子的基本结构可以归纳成五种基本句型。
掌握这五种基本句型，是掌握各种英语句子结构的基础。
基本句型一、1.Great changes have taken place .2.We all breathe, eat and drink.3.The blind study in special schools.4.Fighting broke out between the South and North.5.To tell the truth always pays.6.What he said doesn’t matter.以上例句中的斜体部分是句子的主语。
主语(subject) 是一个句子的主题( theme)，是句子所述说的主体。
它的位置一般在一句之首。
可用作主语的有名词，代词，数词，形容词化的名词，动名词，不定式，从句等等。
谓语动词说明主语的动作和状态。
以上例句中，我们不难看出，句子的谓语动词都是不及物动词，这些不及物动词可以是单个的动词，也可以是短语。
由此，可以归纳出句型一：主语+不及物动词。
S+v.( Subject+Verb)基本句型二：is a teacher.??best composition is hers.and five is ten. ?is asleep.?father is in.?picture is on the wall.?watch is gone \ missing\ lost.?see is to believe.question is whether they will come.?以上例句中的斜体部分是句子的表语。
表语说明主语的性质、特征、状态或身分，通常有名词，代词，数词，形容词，副词，介词短语，形容词化的分词，不定式或者表语从句充当。
五大基本句型
五大基本句型句子的分类按结构分：简单句、并列句、复合句按用途分：陈述句（肯定和否定）、疑问句（一般、特殊、选择、反意）、祈使句、感叹句、倒装句一．简单句（核心成分：主语+谓语）（一）五种基本句型：1.S+Vi 主谓2.S+Vt+O 主谓宾3.S+Vt+Oi+Od 主谓+间接宾语（sb.）+直接宾语(sth.)S+Vt+Od+to/for+Oi4.S+Vt+O+C 主谓宾+宾补5.S+V+P 主系表（二）简单句的变化（长句结构）在句子结构不变的前提下，可以适当加入修饰成分提升句子的难度。
E.g. Birds fly.(1)改变时态：Birds will fly.(2)变否定：Birds will not fly.(3)添加形容词做定语、添加副词做方式状语Little birds fly happily.(4)添加时间、地点状语：In autumn, little birds will fly happily in the sky.二．简单陈述句的语序叙述一件事情的陈述句都是简单陈述句一个简单陈述句可以由6部分组成。
主语和谓语是核心，时间状语可以放在句首或句尾练习：将下列单词按正确的语序排列组成句子，并写在表格内。
1.sun, rises, the, red2. passed, time, quickly, very3.tell, did, not, John, manager, the, the, truth4. he, five hundred, the, necklace, spent, on, dollars5. successfully, they, carried out, plan, the6. last ,rise, the, meat, price, of, month7. at, 8:00 a.m. , class, in, schools, begins四. 综合练习（一）指出划线部分的句子成分1. The students got on the school bus.2. He handed me the newspaper.3. I will answer your question after class.4. The apples tasted sweet.5. I made my parents proud.6. It tastes good.7. He took many photos of the palaces in Beijing.8. He hates me.9. We found him a very good pupil.10. I wish you a happy New Year.（二）写出下列句子的基本句型11. She is a very beautiful lady.12. He closed the door.13. The city will become rich.14. Grandma cooked us a nice meal.15. The train is leaving.16. Time flies.17. He has fetched us some new textbooks.18. I have changed my mind.19. I sent you an e-mail.20. Teachers will make your English better.（三）选择题1. can learn how to surf the Internet safely and effectively in computer lessons.A) You B) Your C) Yours D) Yourself2. He looked at the young man and couldn’t say a word.A) friendly B) angrily C) lonely D) lovely3. Traffic jams in our city lots of questions about transport policy.A) has risen B) have risen C) have raised D) has raised4. We are very happy to learn that Mr. Lee will teach Maths this term.A) we B) our C) us D) ourselves5. The fried chicken in KFC tastes , but having too much is unhealthy.A) good B) well C) bad D) badly四. 词转（先分析句子结构）1. The ____________________________ in the right comer is Martin’s youngest aunt. (act)2. The chance to meet new people with fresh views helps encourage the ____________ of one’s mind. (develop)3. My brother has made a ___________________ to go abroad for further studies, (decide)4. Our goal is to _______________________ people’s lives through communications, (rich)5. My parents are always strict with me and what about_________________________? (you)6. Eating vegetables and doing exercise regularly will _________________ us to have a long life. (able)7. All these interesting experiments can __________________________ our knowledge. (wide)8.___________________ is more important than anything else. No one wants to lose it. (free)9. Their school is near the beach, quite similar with______________________________. (our)10. Shall we _________________the neighbours to our daughter’s birthday party? (invitation)11.We are supposed to complete all the work by tomorrow, but it is____________________. (possible)12. The wind blew over my face ____________________ and I felt so comfortable, (gentle)13.I really can’t _________________ answer that question you just asked. (possible)14.D amin was a _____________________. He usually went fishing with a boat in the lateafternoon. (fish)15.I hadn’t seen Andera for ages. When I appeared before him, he looked very __________.(surprise)16.A fter discussing for a whole day, they reached a _____________ at last. (conclude)17.T hey boy fell into the river, and a passerby heard the cry and went to _________ him.(safe)18.T hose girls enjoyed ______________________ in the party last night. (they)19.T he ______________ of his daughter in the traffic accident made him very sad. (die)20.S hanghai International Marathon and Half Marathon _____________ lots of runners eachyear. (attractive)。
句子成分 简单句的五种基本句型
5. He is in Class One and I am in Class Two. 6. He was fond of drawing when he was yet a child. 7. Neither has he changed his mind, nor will he do so. 8. What he said at the meeting is very important, isn’t it? 9. The farmer is showing the boy how to plant a tree. 10. Both Tom and Jack enjoy country music.
一、判断下列句子是简单句、并列句还是复 合句
1. We often study Chinese history on Friday afternoon. 2. The boy who offered me his seat is called Tom. 3. There is a chair in this room, isn’t there? 4. My brother and I go to school at half past seven in the morning and come back home at seven in the evening.
2 名词（代词）+ 分 词
3 名词（代词）+ 名 词
4 名词 （代词）+ 形容词
1 名词（代词）+ 不定式
John asked me to help him.
Let him go home.
I saw her come out of the room.
名词（代词）+ 分词
英语句子成分和简单句五种基本句型
1、要分析句子结构，先了解英语句子成分：英语常见的句子成分主要有：主语；谓语；宾语；表语；定语；状语；同位语；宾语补足语；主语补足语。
2、英语常用句子结构：简单句；并列句；复合句。
3、英语动词简单句的五种基本类型①主系表结构【I 主语】【am 谓语】【a sports fan表语】.【It 主语】【gets谓语】【colder 表语】【in winter 时间状语】.②主谓结构They left.③主谓宾结构【I 】【need】【your help】【It 】【depends on 】【the weather】④主谓双宾语（间接宾语+直接宾语）结构【He 主语】【gave谓语】【me 间接宾语】【the book 直接宾语】【yesterday 时间状语】.⑤主谓复合宾语（宾语+宾语补足语）结构【We主语】【made谓语】【him宾语】【monitor宾语补足语】【of our class.定语】4、句子成分划分举例：【I 主语】【live in 谓语】【Shijiazhuang 宾语】,【a city 同位语】【not far from Beijing 形容词短语，后置定语】. 【简单句】【The teachers 主语】【are 谓语】【enthusiastic and friendly表语】and 【the class rooms 主语】【are 谓语】【amazing表语】.and 连接的【并列句】【I 主语】【don't think 谓语】【( that )I will be bored in Ms Shen's class 宾语从句】. 宾语从句成分【I 主语】【will be 谓语】【bored 表语】【in Ms Shen's class 介词短语，状语】【The teacher主语】【is 谓语】【a very enthusiastic定语】【woman.表语】另外，建议：最好看看语法书。
句子成份和简单句的五种基本句型
句子成份和简单句的五种基本句型第一课时教学重点：掌握句子成分和简单句的五种基本句型教学难点：怎样划分句子成分和辨别简单句的基本句型教学方法：理论讲解和举例相结合。
句子成份:一个句子的各个组成部分叫句子成份。
句子的成份有主语(S)、谓语(V)、表语(P)、宾语(O)、状语(Ad)定语(At)和宾语补足语(OC)等。
主语和谓语是句子的主要成份；而表语、宾语、状语、定语和宾语补足语则是句子的次要成份。
简单句:如果句子只包含一个主谓结构，而句子各个成分都只由单词或短语表示，就是简单句，不管句子是长是短。
e.gI like English.She comes from America.有时两个或更多的主语可以共一个谓语；两个或更多的谓语可以共一个主语；有时甚至可以有两个主语和两个谓语。
这样的句子仍然是简单句。
e.g1.Britain, America and Australia are English-speaking countries.2.They get coal out of the ground, change it into electricity, and send it to many places.3.Hank and his friends gave each other their addresses and promised to get in touch with each other.简单句的五种基本句型句型一：主语＋不及物动词The pen writes well.S V AdOur class begins at seven o'clock.. S V AdThe earth goes around the sun.S V Ad不及物动词有：ache, appear, arrive, come, cough, disappear, fall, go等。
另外还有些既可作及物动词带宾语，也可作不及物动词不带宾语，如：break, burn, close, drop, fly, hurt, move, open, ring, shake, shut, understand等。
英语句子成分及5种简单句
Noun / Pronoun / The + adj V-ing / Clause / Infinitive Vi
宾语
noun 谓 宾语(直) 宾语(间) adj. / adv. Vt 语 宾语 宾补 infinitive V-ing 表语 V-l V-ed noun etc. Noun / Pronoun pronoun The + adj adj. / adv. be / feel / seem / look V-ing / Clause infinitive appear / stand / lie Infinitive V-ing / V-ed become /get / grow / turn clause go / come / remain/ keep etc. taste / smell etc.
Hearing the news, he jumped with joy.
As he was ill, he didn’t come to class yesterday.
She is sitting at the desk, doing her homework.
My father worked in this school ten years ago. You’d better stay here.
主语、动词（不及物动词、及物动词、双宾动词、系动词、 宾补动词)、宾语及补语可以称为基本句子成份。
完整的句子一般至少包含2个基本成份，至多4个。
基本句型一： Ｓ + Ｖ（不及物动词 ）
• • • • • 1. The sun was shining. 2. The moon rose. 3. The pen writes smoothly. 4. What he said does not matter. 5. They have been singing and dancing for two hours.
简单句的五种基本句型及句子成分
简单句的五种基本句型及句子成分一简单句的五种基本句型（1）主语+系动词+表语主系表结构Frank is clever/an architect.(2) 主语+不及物动词主谓结构My head aches.(3) 主语+及物动词+宾语主谓宾结构My sister enjoyed the play.（4）主语+及物动词+间接宾语+直接宾语主谓宾（双宾语）结构He gave Sam a watch. （5）主语+及物动词+宾语+宾补主谓宾结构They made Sam chairman/monitor.二系动词不及物动词及物动词(1) 系动词：be动词（在进行时或被动语态中除外）一些意思为变得的动词（turn become get go 等）感官动词（feel look smell taste notice sound等）总结：（２）不及物动词：后面不能跟宾语的动词。
总结：（３）及物动词：后面能跟宾语的动词。
注：三句子成分主语：任何句子都表明人或物做了什么动作或处于某种状态，其中的人或物为主语。
宾语：动词或介词后面不可缺少的名词或代词或其他名词性成分。
表语：系动词后面的成分。
定语：修饰名词或代词的成分。
状语：在句子里面表示动作发生的时间，地点，原因，目的，结果，方式，比较，让步，伴随，方式的成分。
补语：补充说明主语或宾语的成分。
(make let have get/ consider find call name/感官动词等) 同位语：解释说明名词或代词的成分。
四练习(1)认识简单句的基本句型。
（是主谓（宾）还是主系表）1.He works hard . 6.The baby is crying.2.To see is to believe. 7.The mouse was eaten by a cat.3.She felt happy at the party. 8.We found the film interesting.4.I teach the second grade. 9.They made me happy.5.He showed me the way to the post. 10.Electricity can make a machine run.（2标明下列句子的成分。
简单句的五种基本句型及句子成分
简单句的五种基本句型句型一主语+系动词+表语（SLP）[讲解] (1) 系动词的三种分类：在初中阶段，我们学过的表示“保持或状态”类的有be, remain, stay, keep, prove等；表示“变化”类的有grow, turn, get, become, fall, go, come等；表示“感官”类的有look, sound, smell, taste, feel, seem, appea r等。
例如：I am a senior school student while he is a junior one.我是高中生，他是初中生。
After four years, Tom became a doctor/ turned doctor.四年后，汤姆成了一名医生。
The story sounds interesting and instructive.这故事听起来既有趣，又有教育意义。
(2) 可以充当表语的有形容词、名词、副词(短语)、介词短语、表语从句、分词(短语)等。
例如：In order to keep healthy, he takes exercise everyday. (形容词作表语)In my mind, mother is my hero. (名词作表语)Look! Your pet dog is there. (副词作表语)The schoolbags come in different sizes. (介词短语作表语)You’ve changed a lot. You are not what you were. (表语从句作表语)Many passengers got injured in the accident. (过去分词作表语)The machine keeps running for a long time. （现在分词短语作表语）(3) 使用系动词应注意的地方：第一，没有被动语态；第二，一般没有进行时(除了feel以外)；第三，有些动词既是系动词又是普通动词。
英语句子成分及简单句5种基本句型
英语句子成分及简单句5种基本句型一、英语句子成分根据英语词汇在英语句子中的地位和作用, 英语句子的成分可分为主语、谓语、宾语、宾语补足语、表语、定语、状语、同位语及独立成分等。
其中，主语和谓语是句子的主要成分，一般情况下，一个句子不能缺少这两种成分。
现将不同句子成分的用法列举如下：1. 主语：表示句子所要说明或描述的人或事物，一般由名词、代词或相当于名词的词组或句子充当，置于句首。
如：It's getting cold. 天冷起来了。
Now everything is ready. 现在一切都准备好了。
The teacher is very kind to us. 老师对我们很好。
2. 谓语：说明或描述主语的动作、状态或特征，由动词或动词短语充当，位于主语之后。
如：Mother bought me a birthday present. 妈给我买了个生日礼物。
We have finished our work already. 我们已经完成了工作。
3. 表语：表示主语的身份、性质、状态和特征，一般由名词、形容词、或相当于名词、形容词的词、短语或句子充当，位于系动词之后，形成英语独有的主系表结构。
如：Be careful! 小心!All the students are lovely. 所有的学生都很可爱。
He looks very angry. 他看上去很生气。
4. 宾语：指动作所涉及的人或事物，一般由名词、代词或相当于名词的词组或句子充当，位于动词之后。
如：He wrote many plays. 他写了许多剧本。
She loves swimming. 她喜欢游泳。
5. 宾语补足语：用来对宾语进行补充和说明，一般由名词、形容词、副词、介词短语或非谓语动词充当。
如：He told us to stay. 他叫我们留下。
I've never seen her dancing. 我从未看见过她跳舞。
高二英语语法点拨：句子成分和简单句的五种基本句型
语法点拨1 句子成分和简单句的五种基本句型组成句子的不同部分叫句子成分。
具体说来，句子成分可分为：主语、谓语、宾语、表语、定语、状语、补足语。
方便起见，分别用、____、、、()、[]、〈〉表示这7种成分。
一．主语主语是一个句子叙述的主体，说明句子讲的是谁或者是什么情况。
主语可由名词、代词、数词、动词不定式、动名词、名词化的形容词以及从句来充当,常位于句首。
用“”标出下列句子的主语，并指出由什么来充当。
12．To say it is one thing；to do it is another.3．The rich should help the poor.4．What your mother said was true.5．Teaching is interesting.6. The first is the best.二．谓语谓语用来说明主语做了什么动作。
谓语由动词(或动词短语)充当，常位于主语之后1．Practice makes perfect.2．He has caught a bad cold.3．Man must eat in order to live.Ⅰ.用“____”标出下列句子的谓语。
1．We are studying English hard.2．You may go to play football now.3．He is fast asleep.4．Do you practise speaking English every morning?5．Mike has to look after his sick mother.6．I have been dreaming of being admitted into a top university.三.宾语词、动词不定式、动名词、名词化的形容词和从句来充当。
用“”画出下列句子中的宾语，并指出由什么来充当。
1．I love China very much.2．Finally my father gave up smoking successfully.3．Do you understand what I mean?4. I like fruits.5．Everybody knows her.6．I want four.7. We should help the old and the injured8. I’d like to have some coffee.四．表语系动词后面的成分就是表语终止系动词主要有prove, turn out, 表达"证实"，"变成"之意用“”画出下列句子中的表语，并指出由什么来充当。
简单句五种基本句型及句子成分
简单句五种基本句型英语句子成分的排列顺序与汉语不同。
汉语放在前面的，英语可能要放在后面；而汉语放后面的，英语可能放在前面。
比如，“我每天骑自行车上学”，可以表达为I go to school by bike every day. 也可以表达为I ride to school every day. 如果用图表分析一下，我们会看得更清楚：句子成分详解一览表简单句的五种基本句型汇总如下：具体分析：4.主语 + 及物动词 + 间接宾语 + 直接宾语（+ 状语）5.主语+ 及物动词+ 宾语+ 宾语补足语（+ 状语）【及时训练】一、判断下列句子属于哪种类型。
The weather here is terrible .The children are hungry .The story is interesting .The gate was locked .Seeing is believing .This is how Jane lives .The sun was shining .The moon rose .It is raining .He caught me by the arm .Please stop smoking in the house .I like reading in my study .The mother will buy the girl a dress . They showed us their picture .He told us an interesting story . She’s made the job a success .They named the boy John .You must keep it a secret .I found him at home .Please keep it in mind .He described the case as serious .。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
状态：seem, appear, prove --感官：smell, feel, taste, sound, look --变化：become, gw --持续：remain, stay, keep, continue ---
其 它 系动词
Correct mistakes:
2.主语+不及物动词 ( S + Vi. )
Our school lies in the center of our city. You will graduate from it next year.
The car accident was happened yesterday.
注：不及物动词不能用于被动语态。
3.主语+及物动词+宾语（S+Vt+O） I like my job very much. Each of you has a dream . 注：及物动词可用于被动语态 People use a great deal of water in that city. （主动语态） A great deal of water is used by people in that city. （被动语态）
n/pron. V n./pron.
Adj. Adv.
n./adj. n./adj./ 9. Father asked me to turn off the TV. to do 主 谓 宾 宾补 /doing
含有一个主语（或并 列主语）和一个谓语（或 并列谓语）的句子 包含两个或两个以上 主谓结构的句子且句子之 间有并列连词and/but等或 用分号连接 包含一个主句和一个 从句或一个主句和多个从 句的句子，且从句用从属 连词引导
复合句 Complex Sentences
Type 1. S+ link V+P
5.S + Vt + O + O.C
此结构中Vt后必须跟一个宾语和一个宾语补足 语才能表达完整的意思。 feel,make,find,think(认为),consider(认为)… eg. We will make our school more beatiful.
1. The machine doesn’t work. 句子成分 常用词性 2. He is an honest student. 3. The silk feels soft.
英语的词性
实词
名词 n.、代词 pron.、数词num.、形容词adj.、 副词adv.、动词v.
虚词
冠词art.、介词prep.、连词conj.、叹词inter.
英语的句子成分
主要成分
主语、谓语
次要成分
宾语、定语、表语、状语、宾补、同位语
句 子
结 构 分 类
简单句 Simple Sentences 并列句 Compound Sentences
4.S + Vt + O1(sb)+ O2(sth) O2(sth)+to/for+ O1(sb)
此Vt后必须跟两个宾语才能表达完整的意思。 用to表动作的方向，“朝着，对着” 用for表动作的受益者，“为了，替” 常跟双宾语的Vt有：（to） bring,give,lend,offer,promise,send,show,teach, tell,ask… (for) buy,call,find,get,make,order… eg. She bought me a beatiful skirt. → She bought a beatiful skirt for me.
1. Her voice sounds beautifully. beautiful 2. The whole company was surprising at surprised the news. to 3. To see isΛbelieve. seems 4. It seem a good idea. 5. The lightsΛ still on. are 6. All the potatoes changed bad. went 7. Jim was remained a worker.
Type 2. S+Vi Type 3. S+ Vt + O Type 4. S+ Vt + O1+ O2 Type 5. S+ Vt+ O+ OC
1.主语+系动词+表语（ S+Link.V+P ），说 明主语的特征、类属、状态、身份。 You are students.
We are in the classroom. We are good friends, aren’t we?
主
谓
主
系
定
表
主语 谓语
系 表 主 4. I have a lot of friends here. 宾语 谓 主 宾 dollars. 定语 状 5. Tom lent me 200 主 谓 宾 宾 6. I saw him writing a letter. 状语 主谓 宾 宾补 7. I find maths difficult. 表语 主谓 宾 宾补 8. We call her Lily. 宾补 主 谓 宾 宾补