职通商务英语 1 unit 1

This picture shows a harvester gathering grain in the fields. Farming refers to grain growing, livestock raising and horticulture. Farming is a primary
namely 英 ['neɪmlɪ] 美 ['nemli] adv. 也就是；即是；换句话说
efficient 英 [ɪ'fɪʃ(ə)nt] 美 [ɪ'fɪʃnt] adj. 有效率的；有能力的；生效的 energy efficient 节能
efficient production 有效生产
efficient market 有效市场 But how can we be more efficient?
Unit 1 Business Kaleidoscope
1 Work in pairs. talk about business activities shown in the pictures below.
a
This picture shows a scene in a supermarket. As one of modern retail outlets, the supermarket plays an important role in the retailing business.
He made substantial donations to charity. 他做了大量的慈善捐赠。
Her husband is unemployed and the family depends on charity. 她的丈夫失业了，全家靠救济度日。
minimization
[,mɪnɪmɪ'zeʃən] n. 减到最小限度；估到最低额；轻视
Chery Auromobile is an automobile manufacturer. It is the largest independent Chinese auto manufacturer and one of the fastest growing automakers in the world.
total expenditure 总支出 ; 总开支 ; 支出合计 financial expenditure 财政支出
Annual expenditure
raw 英 [rɔː] 美 [rɔ] adj. 生的；未加工的；阴冷的；刺痛的 We import raw materials and energy and export mainly industrial products. 我们进口原材料和能源，主要出口工业产品。
This picture shows a cabin attendant providing drinks to passengers. Air transportation provides the service of transporting passengers and / or cargo
in turn 轮流，依次
We will examine each of these methods in turn. 我们将按照顺序依次分析这些方法。
institutional 英 [ɪnstɪ'tjuːʃ(ə)n(ə)l] 美 [,ɪnstɪ'tuʃənl] adj. 制度的；制度上的 institutional factor 制度因素 ; 体制因素 Institutional innovations 制度创新
This word is hard to define. 此词难下定义。
attempt 英 [ə'tem(p)t] 美 [ə'tɛmpt] n. 企图，试图；攻击 vt. 企图，试图；尝试 attempt to do something 努力...；试图... He gave up the attempt in despair. 他在绝望中放弃了这种尝试。
wholesale 英 ['həʊlseɪl] 美 ['holsel] 批发的；大规模的
Warehouse clubs allow members to buy goods at wholesale prices. 仓储式会所允许会员以批发价购买商品。
wholesale market 批发市场
wholesale price 批发价格
cost minimization 成本极小化 ; 成本最小化 ; loss minimization 损失极小化 ; 损失最 小化
We had about ten hours' warning, so we were able to minimize the effects of
expenditure 英 [ɪk'spendɪtʃə; ek-] 美 [ɪk'spɛndɪtʃɚ] n. 支出，花费；经费，消费额 capital expenditure 资本支出 ; 资本开支 ; 非经常开支 ; 基建费用 Nonbusiness expenditure 营业外支出
Air China is the only airline company which carries the national flag. Air China takes the responsibility of special plane task for Chinese national leaders visiting abroad, and foreign leaders and governmental leaders visiting China, which demonstrates the exclusive status as the national flag carrier. It became a member of Star
wholesale business 批发业务，批发生意
He does wholesale business, while his brother is engaged in retail business.
他经营批发生意， 他弟弟则经营零售生意。
define 英 [dɪ'faɪn] 美 [dɪ'faɪn] vt. 定义；使明确；规定
McDonald’s Corporation is the world’s largest chain of hamburger fast food restaurants.
Lenovo Group Limited is a multinational technology corporation that develops, manufactures and markets desktop and laptop personal computers, workstations, servers, storage drivers, IT management software and related services.
This picture shows an assembly line in a car factory. Carmaking is one of the most important
This picture shows that a hotel receptionist is receiving guests. Hotel reception is a vital part of hotel service.
This picture shows a bank in operation. Bank is concerned with the business of providing financial services to consumers and businesses.
This picture shows a construction site. Building and construction refer to the process of adding a structure to real property. It is a secondary industry.
charity 英 ['tʃæ rɪtɪ] 美 ['tʃæ rəti] n. 慈善；施舍；慈善团体；宽容；施舍物 charity event 慈善赛 ; 慈善事件 ; 慈善活动 ; 慈悲赛 charity school 慈善学校 ; 贫民学校 charity institution 慈善机构
charity sale 义卖
...a popular dish made of raw fish. …由生鱼做的一道很受欢迎的菜肴。
mining 英 ['maɪnɪŋ] 美 ['maɪnɪŋ] n. 矿业；采矿 mining ownership 采矿权
...traditional industries such as coal mining and steel making. …像采煤和炼钢这样的传统工业。
engage 英 [ɪn'geɪdʒ; en-] 美 [ɪn'ɡedʒ] vt. 吸引，占用；使参加；雇佣；使订婚；预 定 vi. 从事；答应
I have never engaged in drug trafficking. 我从来没有从事过贩毒。
They tried to engage him in
complicate 英 ['kɒmplɪkeɪt] 美 ['kɑmp lɪket] vt. 使复杂化；使恶化；使卷入
What complicates the issue is the burden of history. 使问题复杂化是历史的重负。
I think that is because we unnecessarily complicate it.
This picture shows a real estate agency. Real estate rental is concerned with renting or leasing real estate and providing related services.
2 Business activity involves producing and selling goods and services. According to what they produce, businesses can be classified into goods-producing, service-providing or a combination of both.
Holiday Inn is a brand of hotels within the Inter-Continental Hotels Group
Hale Waihona Puke Baidu
Words and expressions
tertiary 英 ['tɜːʃ(ə)rɪ] 美 ['tɝʃɪ'ɛri] n. 第三纪；第三修道会会员；第三级教士 adj. 第三的；第三位的；三代的 tertiary sector 第三产业部门 ; 第三产业 ; tertiary education 高等教育，大学教育
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3 Work in pairs. discuss what type of business you think the following companies are engaged in
Wal-Mart Stores Inc.(branded as walmart) is an American public corporation that is engaged in the retailing business. It runs a chain of large, discount department stores. It is the world’s largest