英语语法：倒装,强调。。。

1.inversion structure到装句

倒装句分为全部倒装（将整个谓语置于主语之前）和部分倒装（把谓语的一部分，如be，have，助动词、情态动词等置于主语之前）。eg: Here comes the bus. (全部倒装)

Seldom has he received letters from his brothers. (部分倒装)

Types of inversion structure

Type 1.含有否定意义的副词（never, seldom, little, few, not, nowhere 等）位于句首时。

Seldom in all my life have l met such a brave man.

我一生很少见过这么勇敢的人。

Never did she care about her own safety, though she was in great danger herself.

虽然她处于极大的危险之中，但她根本不顾自己的安全。

Special examples:

1. not until位于句首时。

2.

Not until the early years of the 19th century did man know what heat is.

直到19世纪初，人们才知道热是何物。

在复合句中，只有主句用倒装，until引导的从句不倒装。

He will not give up drinking until he loses his health

Not until he loses his health will he give up drinking.

2. 在no sooner...than..., hardly/scarcely/barely...when...结构中，前面部分位于句首时，其后的分句要部分倒装（谓语用过去完成时）。Hardly had the baby seen the dog when she cried.

那女婴一看到狗就哭了起来。

No sooner had the interpreter returned home than he was told to go to another country

那位翻译刚踏进国门就又受命要去他国。

3. not only...(but also)...位于句首引导两个分句时，前一个分句中

的主谓要采用部分倒装，第二个分句则不倒装。

4.

He not only teaches in school, but he also writes novels.

Type 2 only + 状语（副词、介词短语或状语从句）位于句首时。Only after three operations was he able to walk without sticks.

做过三次手术之后，他才能不用拐杖行走。

只有多练习你才能通过驾驶考试.

Only with more practice can you pass the driving test.

Type 3. so/neither/nor开头的句子，说明前面的内容也适用于后者时，用倒装句“so/neither/nor+be/have/助动词／情态动词＋主语”。

她去过大连，我也去过。

She has been to Dalian and so have I.

约翰不会讲日语，海伦也不会。

John can't speak Japanese, nor can Helen

2. 强调句

强调句是一种修辞，是人们为了表达自己的意愿或情感而使用的一种形式，下面简单归纳它的几种结构：

Type 1"It is /was +被强调部分(主语、宾语或状语)+who /that /whom+句子其余部分..."。

如果被强调的成分是表示人的词，用who或that来连接都可以。如果是其它成分，则一律用that来连接。即使被强调成分是句子中的时间状语，地点状语，原因状语等，也不能用when，where, because，要用 that。

He read three books in the library yesterday.

It was he who（that）read three books in the library yesterday. (强调主语) It was three books that he read in the library yesterday (强调宾语)

It was in the library that he read three books yesterday . 强调地点状语not…until…”句型的强调结构为“It is not until…that…”应注意把否定词not转移到until前面。

I didn't go home until rain stopped.

强调句为：It was not until rain stopped that I went home.

He didn't go to bed until/ till his wife came back.

It was not until his wife came back that he went to bed.

Type 2用助动词“do（does／did）＋动词原形”来表示强调时，要符合以下条件： 1）句子是肯定句； 2）谓语动词为一般现在时或一般过去时； 3）谓语动词是单独的行为动词或单独的联系连系动词（be除