李观仪《新编英语教程(1)》(修订版)学习指南【词汇短语+课文精解+全文翻译+练习答案】-unit4

Unit 4

一、词汇短语

Text I

1. contend [] v. a) to strive in controversy or debate; dispute争论；

b) to maintain or assert主张或声称：The defense contended that the

evidence was inadmissible.被告方声称证据是不可接受的。

2. blunt [] adj. a) having a dull edge or end; not sharp钝的，不锋利的：a

blunt knife一把钝刀；b) abrupt and often disconcertingly frank in speech

直言的：to be blunt (with you)老实说

3. mutilation [] n. the destroy done to sth.损毁，破坏：

The mutilation on his leg was caused in an accident.他腿上的伤是在一次事

故中造成的。

4. purchase[] n. & vt. to obtain in exchange for money or its equivalent; buy购买

5. prelude[]n. an introductory performance, event, or action

preceding a more important one; a preliminary or preface序幕，前奏：The

German invasion of Poland was a prelude to World War II.德国对波兰的侵

略是第二次世界大战的前奏。

6. illustration[]n. visual matter used to clarify or

decorate a text图解，图示：He used photographs as illustration for his

talk他用照片为他的演讲作图片说明。

7. beefsteak [] n. a slice of beef usually cooked by broiling牛排

8. butcher[]n. one that slaughters and dresses animals for food or market屠夫，屠户

9. consume [] vt. to eat or drink up; ingest吃光，消耗：Arguing

about details consumed many hours of the committee's valuable time.

争论细节问题耗费了委员会数小时宝贵的时间。

10. bloodstream[]n. the flow of blood through the

circulatory system of an organism血流

11. dog-eared [] adj. worn or shabby from overuse or (of pages) from

having corners turned down（书）卷角的

12. dilapidate [] v. to bring or fall into a state of partial ruin,

decay, or disrepair（使）损毁

13. scribble [] v. write hastily or carelessly, make meaningless marks

on paper, etc.乱涂，乱写乱画：She can’t write yet, but she loves to

scribble with a pencil.她现在还不会写字, 但她喜欢用铅笔乱涂。

14. intact [] adj. remaining sound, entire, or uninjured; not impaired

in any way完整无缺的，未受损害的：Despite his misfortunes, his faith and

optimism remained intact.虽然他遭到一连串的不幸，他的信心和乐观丝毫未

减。

15. unblemished [] adj. lacking blemishes or faults无疵的：an

unblemished employment record毫无污点的工作履历

16. elegantly[]adv. showing, having good taste, graceful,

done with care, skill and taste优美地，优雅地

17. crayon [] n. stick or pencil of soft colored chalk, wax or charcoal 蜡笔，彩色粉笔

18. so to speak as one might say, rather可以说是，简直是：His orders were issued into

a vacuum, so to speak.他的命令在某种程度上等于一纸空文。

19. symphony[]n. a long piece of music usually in four parts,

written for an orchestra交响乐，交响曲

20. typography[]n. the arrangement and appearance of printed matter印刷，排版

21. indispensable[]adj. not to be dispensed with;

essential不可缺少的，绝对必要的：For a successful class humour is

indispensable.要在课堂上取得成功, 幽默是必不可少的。

22. accomplish [] vt. to succeed in doing; to reach the end of完

成，达到：accomplish one’s mission完成使命【扩展】accomplishment

n. 技能，才艺，专长

23. fundamental [] adj. serving as an essential component

基本的，根本的：a fundamental law根本法则，基本定律

24. sharpen[]vt. to make or become sharp or sharper使锋利：

Debates sharpen one’s wits.辩论增长才智。

25. scratch pad [] n. a pad of paper for preliminary or hasty

writing, notes, or sketches便条簿