重读闭音节和过去式 过去分词

英语动词变过去式和过去分词记忆法

动词可分为规则动词和不规则动词

规则动词的过去式和过去分词是一样，变化规则如下：

1．一般在动词末尾加-ed，如：pull-pulled, cook-cooked

2．结尾是e加d，如：taste-tasted

3．末尾只有一个元音字母和一个辅音字母的重读闭音节，应双写末尾的辅音字母，再加-ed，如：stop-stopped

注：闭音节是一个元音字母后跟一个或几个辅音字母的单词。

闭音节：a)辅音+元音+辅音例如：bad，bed，sit，hot，cup;

b)元音+辅音例如it、of;

c) 元音+多个辅音例如：egg ，fish 。

重读闭音节：闭音节为重读音节的音节。重读闭音节中元音字母不是发它本身的字母音，而是发短元音。如：:run

swim jog sit begin---beginning(重读在gin这个音节上，相当于把gin改成双写的) .

重读闭音节三要素：

（1）必须是重读音节；

（2）以一个辅音字母结尾；

（3）元音字母发短元音。

4．以“辅音字母+y”结尾的，变y为i，再加-ed，如：study-studied

不规则动词动词过去式和过去分词变化规律如下：

【AAA型】：Cost → cost →cost

cut →cut →cut put →put →put

read → read →read set →set →set

shut →shut →shut hit →hit →hit

hurt→hurt →hurt let →let → let

【ABB型】：(原形→aught/ought→aught/ought)

catch → caught →caught teach →taught →taught

bring →brought →brought buy →bought →bought

think → thought → thought

(原形→元音变化→元音变化)

sit →sat →sat meet→met→met

find →found →found get →got →got

stand →stood →stood understand understood understood win→won→won hold →held →held

shine →shone→shone dig→dug →dug

hang→hung/hanged→hung/hanged

(原形→“…t”→“…t”)

lose →lost→lost build→built →built

spill→spilt →spilt spoil →spoilt→spoilt

send →sent →sent spend→spent →spent

smell →smelt →smelt feel →felt →felt

mean→meant → meant lend →lent →lent

learn →learnt/learned →learnt/learned

(原形→“…d”→“…d”)

Make →made →made have(has) → had →had

pay →paid →paid say →said →said

lay →laid →laid sell →sold →sold

tell →told →told hear →heard →heard

(“ee/ea”→“e..t”→“e..t”)

sweep →swept swept keep →kept →kept

leave →left →left sleep →slept →slept

【ABC型】：(原形→变形→原形+en/ne)

be(am,is)→was→been be(are) → were→been

see→saw →seen do →did →done

go→went →gone beat →beat →beaten

eat →ate →eaten give→gave →given

hide→hid →hidden fall→fell →fallen

mistake→mistook →mistaken take→took →taken

drive→drove→driven rise→rose →risen

ride→rode →ridden write →wrote→written (原形→“-o-”→“过去式-n”)

break →broke → broken speak→spoke →spoken

choose → chose →chosen forget→forgot →forgotten

freeze → froze→frozen wake woke/waked woken/waked

(原形→“ew”→“原形-n”)

draw →drew→drawn blow →blew→blown

show→showed →shown fly →flew →flown

grow→grew →grown throw →threw→thrown

know →knew→known

(原形→“-a-”→“-u-”)

begin→began→begun ring →rang → rung

drink → drank → drunk sing →sang →sung

sink→ sank/sunk →sunk/sunken swim →swam → swum

【其他】lie→ lay →lain wear →wore →worn

【ABA型】become became become