状语从句2

状语从句

状语从句（一）

1、时间状语从句when, while, before/after, as soon as, (not）…until/till, since

1）区分 when 与 while

when引导的从句的谓语动词可以是延续性的动词，又可以是瞬时动词。

Eg: When she came in, I stopped eating.

她进来时，我停止吃饭。(came为瞬时动词)

While引导的从句的谓语动作必须是延续性的，此延续性动词常用进行时态。

e.g: ①While my wife was reading the newspaper, I was watching TV.

我妻子读报时，我在看电视。

(was reading是延续性的动词，was reading和was watching同时进行)

② While we were having a meeting, Mr. Black came in.

正当我们开会时，布莱克先生进来了。

（were having a meeting 是延续性动词， 该动作正在进行时，另一个动作

发生）

2）学会使用before 与 after

before 表示 “在…之前”;

after 表示 “在…之后”

e.g: My father had left for Canada just before the letter arrived.

我父亲恰好在信到之前去加拿大了。

e.g: After we finished the work, we went home.

完成工作之后，我们回家了。

3）掌握 as soon as

一…就…

这个词组常出现在完成句子中，考试的几率比较多。

e.g: ①I will go there as soon as

I finish my breakfast.

吃完早饭，我立即到那里去。

②As soon as I reach Canada, I will ring you up.

我一到加拿大，就给你来电话。

（注意：此句型常考时态：主句用将来时，从句用一般现在时。）4）理解并掌握until 直到…

E.g: I worked until he came back.我工作到他回来为止

如果主句中的谓语动词是瞬时动词时，必须用否定形式。

e.g: I didn’t fall asleep until mother came back last night. 昨晚直到妈妈回家我才入睡。

（要注意翻译：not…until 直到…才）

如果主句中的谓语动词是延续性动词时，用肯定或否定形式都可以，但表达的意思不同。

I worked until he came back.我工作到他回来为止。

I didn't work until he came back.他回来我这才开始工作。

I didn't go to bed until my father came back.直到我父亲回来我才上床睡觉。

对应练习：

选择填空

① Mother _______ when father was reading newspapers.

A. is cooking

B. was cooking

C. cooks

② I ________ to bed until I finished writing the composition.

A. didn’t go

B. went

C. did go

③ I was doing the housework _______ my mother was having a rest.

A. as soon as

B. before

C. while

④ I will call you as soon as he _______ here.

A. will come

B. comes

C. come

⑤ I must go to the shop _______it closes.

A. when

B. after

C. before

时间状语从句里，通常不用将来时态，而用现在时表将来（主将从现）

例如：I’ll call you as soon as I get to New York. / I will tell him the truth when he comes.

2、原因状语从句： because，for，as 选项中没有because时，用for或as because引导的原因状语从句一般放于主句之后，because表示直接原因，语气最强，最适合回答 why引导的疑问句。例如： I do it because I like it. 我做这件事是因为我喜欢。

(1)原因状语从句通常由because, since, as引导。例如：

He didn’t come to school because he was ill.

As it is raining, we shall not go the zoo.

Since you can’t answer the question, I’ll ask someone else.

(2)because表示直接原因，语气最强。Because引导的原因状语从句多放在主句之后。回答由why提出的问题，只能用because。As和since语气较弱，一般用来表示明显的原因。由as和since引导的原因状语从居多放在句首。例如：

------Why aren’t going there?

------Because I don’t want to.

As he has no car, he can’t get there easily.

Since we have no money, we can’t buy it.

(3)because和so不能同用在一个句子里。

3、目的状语从句： so that； in order that 从句中常出现情态动词can，could, would等

(1)目的状语从句通常由 so that, in order that引导。例如：

We started early so that we could catch the first train.

He studies hard so that he could work better in the future.

We used the computer in order that we might save time.

(2)so that既可引导目的状语从句，又可引导结果状语从句。区别这两种从句的办法有两个：1)目的状语从句里往往带有情态动词can, could, may, might等。2)从意思上看，目的状语从句往往表示的目的很明确。例如：

Speak clearly so that they may understand you. (目的状语从句)

Jack is badly ill so that he has to rest. (结果状语从句)

4、结果状语从句：

(1)结果状语从句由so…that, such…that, so that引导。例如：

He is so poor that he can’t buy a bike for his son.

She is such a good teacher that everybody likes her.