常见GERBER文件后缀含义
gerber输出各层文件后缀名
在大多数的EDA软件中设计PCB时都会定义一层Solder Mask,这在生产上就是所谓的阻焊层,对于焊盘上未定义Solder Mask的区域。也就是生产时上焊料、阻焊剂的地方,如果这各区域定义的过大,将会使该焊盘附近的走线或其他导电物体裸露在阻焊剂之处。从而在加工时该焊盘与其附近的金属走线容易形成“桥接”,造成短路现象。由此可见,生产上的“Solder Bridges”现象通常是由于设计阶段的mask数据的不恰当定义并且CAD系统又没有及时发现而引起的。因此,在生产加工之前快速的检测并修复“Solder Bridges”现象是非常必要的。
数据块格式:%AM*,,,[]*
[,,,[>*…*%
为当前自定义光圈定义一个名称
? ū ū ? ? ? ? ? ?
1(圆) Exp 直径 圆心X 圆心Y
2/20(线) Exp 线宽 起点X 起点Y 终点X 终点Y 角度
21(长方形) Exp 宽 高 中心X 中心Y 角度
7.以上介绍的DFM检验各项功能都可以在Info -> Report菜单中产生一个报告显示检测结果。如Sliver Report、Solder Mask Errors Report、Silkscreen Errors Report等并可保存为*.rpt文件。
如果已经运行过这些检验功能,只是想看看他们具体所在的位置可以通过Info -> Find菜单来实现。也可以在Analysis下的某个菜单项的对话框中直接点击即可。
%ADD10C,0.010*% 定义D10码为圆,直径10MILs
%LNBOXES*% 层名为BOXES
G54D10* 以下为RS0274D数据
PCB--Gerber文件
如何用Protel DXP生成Gerber文件目录:1. 为何要将PCE^件转换为GERBE&件和钻孔数据后交PCB厂制板2. 什么是GERBER件3. Protel DXP 中Design/Board Layers&Color 介绍4. 如何用Protel DXP 生成Gerber文件5. 由Protel2004产生的Gerber文件各层扩展名与PCB原来各层对应关系表6. 两层板和四层板要导出的layers1. 为何要将PC9件转换为GERBER件和钻孔数据后交PCB厂制板大多数工程师都习惯于将PCB^件设计好后直接送PCB厂加工,而国际上比较流行的做法是将PCB^件转换为GERBER:件和钻孔数据后交PCB 厂,为何要“多此一举”呢?因为电子工程师和PCB工程师对PCB的理解不一样,由PCB!厂转换出来的GERBER件可能不是您所要的,如您在设计时将元件的参数都定义在PCB^件中,您又不想让这些参数显示在PC城品上,您未作说明PCB 厂依葫芦画瓢将这些参数都留在了PCB成品上。
这只是一个例子。
若您自己将PCB^件转换成GERBER:件就可避免此类事件发生。
2. 什么是GERBERC件GERBER件是一种国际标准的光绘格式文件,它包含RS-274-D和RS-274-X 两种格式,其中RS-274-D称为基本GERBER式,并要同时附带D码文件才能完整描述一张图形;RS-274-X称为扩展GERBER式,它本身包含有D码信息。
常用的CAca件都能生成此二种格式文件。
Gerber数据是由象片测图仪(Photoplotters )生成的。
象片测图仪由一个精密的伺服系统组成,该系统控制着一个X-Y工作台,上面附着一片高对比度菲林。
光源透过一个快门照在菲林上。
该快门含有一个光圈***并聚焦在菲林上。
控制器把Gerber指令转换为适当的工作台移动,光圈***旋转和快门的开合。
其结果就是我们通常看到的Gerber文件3. Protel DXP 中Design/Board Layers&Color 介绍(1) Signal Layers :信号层ProtelDXP电路板可以有32个信号层,其中Top是顶层,Midi〜30是中间层,Bottom是底层。
gerber输出各层文件后缀名
gerber输出各层文件后缀名GTL---toplayer 顶层GBL---bottomlayer 底层GTO---TopOverlay 顶层丝印层GBO---Bottomlayer 底层丝印层GTP---TopPaste 顶层表贴(做激光模板用)GBP---BottomPaste 底层表贴GTS---Topsolder 顶层阻焊(也叫防锡层/绿油,负片) GBS---BottomSolder 底层阻焊G1---Midlayer1 内部走线层1G2---Midayerr2 内部走线层2...GP1---InternalPlane1 内平面1(负片)GP2---InternalPlane2 内平面2(负片)...GM1---Mechanical1 机械层1GM2---Mechanical2 机械层2...GKO---KeepOuter 禁止布线层GG1---DrillGuide 钻孔引导层GD1---DrillDrawing 钻孔图层GPT---Top pad Master 顶层主焊盘GPB---Bottom pad Master 底层主焊盘Gerber文件介绍:标准的gerber file 格式可分为RS-274 与RS-274X 两种,其不同在于:RS-274 格式的gerber file 与aperture 是分开的不同文件。
RS-274X 格式的aperture 是整合在gerber file 中的,因此不需要aperture 文件(即,内含D 码)。
数据格式:整数位+小数位常用:3:3(公制,整数3 位,小数3 位)2:4(英制,整数2 位,小数4 位)2:3(英制,整数2 位,小数3 位)3:3(英制,整数3 位,小数3 位)前导零、后导零和不导零:例:025690 前导零后变为:25690 (Leading)025690 后导零后变为:02569 (Trailing)025690 不导零后变为:025690 (None)单位:METRIC(mm)ENGLISH(inch or mil)单位换算:1 inch = 1000 mil = 2.54 cm = 25.4 mm1 mm = 0.03937 inch = 39.37 milGERBER 格式的数据特点:数据码:ASCLL、EBCDIC、EIA、ISO 码,常用:ASC II 码。
Gerber文件各层用途
由Protel2004产生的Gerber文件各层扩展名与PCB原来各层对应关 系表
protel所产生的gerber,都是统一规范的。 (1)扩展名的第一位g一般指gerber的意思。 (2)扩展名的第二位代表层的面,b代表bottom面,t代表top 面,g+数字代表中间线路层,g+p+数字代表电源层。
(3)扩展名的最后一位代表层的类别。l是线路层,o是丝 印层,s是阻焊层,p代表锡膏,m代表外框、基准孔、机械 孔,其它一般不重要,
Layer : File extension ------------------------顶层Top (copper) Layer :.GTL 底层Bottom (copper) Layer :.GBL 中间信号层Mid Layer 1, 2, ... , 30 :.G1, .G2, ... , .G30 内电层Internal Plane Layer 1, 2, ... , 16 :.GP1, .GP2, ... , .GP16 顶丝网层Top Overlay :.GTO 底丝网层Bottom Overlay :.GBO 顶锡膏层Top Paste Mask :.GTP 底锡膏层Bottom Paste Mask :.GBP
(4)Internal Plane:内层平面 内层平面主要用于电源和地线。ProtelDXP可以有16个电源 和地线层。电源和地线层的铜膜直接连接到元件的电源和地线 引脚。内层平面可以分割成子平面用于某个网络布线。(5)Other:其它层
gerber文件后缀名含义
gerber文件后缀名含义Top Layer .GTL 顶层走线Bottom Layer .GBL 底层走线Top Overlay .GTO 顶层丝印Bottom Overlay .GBO 底层丝印Top Paste .GTP 顶层表贴(做激光模板用)Bottom Paste .GBP 底层表贴(做激光模板用)Top Solder .GTS 顶层阻焊(也叫防锡层,负片)Bottom Solder .GBS 底层阻焊(也叫防锡层,负片)MidLayer1 .G1 内部走线层1MidLayer2 .G2 内部走线层2MidLayer3 .G3 内部走线层3MidLayer4 .G4 内部走线层4Internal Plane1 .GP1 内平面1(负片)Internal Plane2 .GP2 内平面2(负片)Mechanical1 .GM1机械层1Mechanical2 .GM2 机械层2Mechanical3 .GM3 机械层3Mechanical4 .GM4 机械层4Keep Out Layer .GKO 禁止布线层(可做板子外形)Top Pad Master.GPT 顶层主焊盘Bottom Pad Master .GPB 底层主焊盘Aperture Data.APR光圈文件Drill Data .DRL 钻孔数据Drill Position.TXT钻孔位置Drill Tool size.DRR钻孔尺寸Drill Report.LDP钻孔报告一般只须读取以下档案即可完成雕刻前准备工作:1.零件面: 即GERBER之零件面资料以PROTEL为例零件面资料之格式为*.GTL2.Aperture File : 即GERBER之Aperture文件以PROTEL为例零件面资料之格式为*.APT3.焊锡面: 即GERBER之焊锡面资料以PROTEL为例焊锡面资料之格式为*.GBL4.钻孔档: 即GERBER之钻孔文件资料以PROTEL为例钻孔文件资料之格式为*.TXT5.成型档: 资料格式依所提供之各种不同之资料作选择以PROTEL为例资料之格式为*.GKO。
PROTEL99SEGERBER输出各层文件后缀名定义
PROTEL99SE GERBER输出各层文件后缀名定义Protel99SE Gerber output each layer file suffix nameGTL---toplayer top layerGBL---bottomlayer bottomGTO---TopOverlay top screen printing layerGBO---Bottomlayer bottom screen printing layerGTP---TopPaste top level paste (used as laser template)GBP---BottomPaste bottom table pasteGTS---Topsolder top solder (also called tin layer / green, negative)GBS---BottomSolder bottom weldingG1---Midlayer1 internal routing layer 1G2---Midayerr2 internal routing layer 2...GP1---InternalPlane1 plane 1 (negative)GP2---InternalPlane2 plane 2 (negative)...GM1---Mechanical1 mechanical layer 1GM2---Mechanical2 mechanical layer 2...GKO---KeepOuter inhibit wiring layerGG1---DrillGuide drilling boot layerGD1---DrillDrawing drill layerGPT---Top pad Master top master padGPB---Bottom pad Master bottom master padGerber file introduction:The standard Gerber file format can be divided into two types, RS-274 and RS-274X, which differ in that:RS-274, Gerber, file, and aperture are separate files.The aperture in RS-274X format is integrated in Gerber file, so there is no need for aperture files (ie, containing D code).Data format: integer bit + decimal digitCommonly used: 3:3 (metric, integer 3, decimal 3)2:4 (Imperial, integer 2, decimal 4)2:3 (Imperial, integer 2, decimal 3)3:3 (Imperial, integer 3, decimal 3)Leading zero, post zero and no zero:Example: 025690 leading zeros change to: 25690 (Leading) After 025690, zero is changed to: 02569 (Trailing)025690 does not lead to zero: 025690 (None)Company:METRIC (mm)ENGLISH (inch, or, mil)Unit conversion:1 inch = 1000 mil = 2.54 cm = 25.4 mm1 mm = 0.03937 inch = 39.37 milData features in GERBER format:Data code: ASCLL, EBCDIC, EIA, ISO code, commonly used: ASC, II code.Data units: Imperial, metric, and common: english.Coordinate forms: relative coordinates, absolute coordinates, commonly used: absolute coordinates.Data form: the former zero, the fixed length, the after zero, commonly used: fixed length.Introduction to polarity of GERBER FILE:Positive (POSITIVE): the GERBER description is the wiring layer, and the graphics depicted are mainly copper parts. Or "GERBER" describes the anti welding layer, and the description of the figure is mainly the anti welding part (that is, the cover ink part).Negative (NEGTIVE): GERBER description is a circuit layer, and the description of graphics is mainly copper parts. Or "GERBER" describes the anti welding layer, and the description of the figure is mainly non welding part (i.e., no ink part).Composite chip (COMPOSTIVE): the layers described by GERBER are synthesized from different polar layers.Usually, the excavation layer and the positive layer are superimposed.The polarity of excavation is C, mainly from line protection or additional process information.GERBER data is a file format that can be generated by all PCBCAD systems that can be processed by all optical plotters. The GERBER format is a subset of the EIA standard RS-274D. The extended GERBER format is a superset of EIA standard RS-274D format, also called RS-274X. RS-274X enhances handling of polygon fill, plus and minus combinations, custom D codes, and other functions. It also defines the rules for embedding an aperture table in the GERBER data file.The GERBER format file consists of a series of data blocks (parameters and code). Each block is separated by a block ending (EOB) symbol. The EOB character is usually an asterisk (*). According to the order in the file, the data blocks fall into the following two categories:1 RS-274X parameterDivided into the following groups in sequence:Prompt parameterAS coordinate selectionFS format descriptionMI mirror imageMO unitOF offsetSF scale factorImage parameterIJ image alignmentIN image nameIO image offsetIP image positive and negativeIR image rotationPF drawing film nameAperture parameterAD aperture descriptionAM aperture customLayer parameterKO excavationLN layer namePositive and negative of LP layer SR mobile and replicationmiscIF embedded file2 standard RS-274D codeIncluding a character function code, such as D code, G code, M code, and coordinate data. The coordinate data in X, Y format describes the linear position, and the I and J format describes the arc position.N Code: sequential code, named block order. (0-99999)D Code: drawing code, select, control the iris, specify the line type.G Code: general purpose code, used for coordinate positioning.M Code: Specifies the end of the file, etc..Example:*G04 THIS IS DEMO annotation%FSLAX23Y23*% omit leading zeros, absolute coordinates X2.3, Y2.3%MOIN*% set inch units%OFA0B0*% no offset%SFA1.0B1.0*% output ratio X axis 1, Y axis 1%ADD10C, 0.010*% defines D10 code as circle, diameter 10MILs The%LNBOXES*% layer is called BOXESG54D10* below is RS0274D dataX0Y0D02*X5000Y0D01*X5000Y5000D01*X0Y5000D01*X0Y0D01*X6000Y0*X11000Y0D01*X6000Y0D01*D02*M02* data overTwo RS-274X parameterFormat:%[]*%Parameter code, double character code (AD, AM, FS, etc.)The modifier completes the parameter code to define the qualifier requiredAD Aperture Definition aperture descriptionData block format:%ADD, [X]*%N1 D code number (10-9999)C (circle) outside diameter, X direction aperture, Y direction apertureThe R (oblong) X extends from size Y to size X to aperture Y to apertureO (ellipse) X from size Y to size X to aperture Y to apertureP (positive, multilateral) outer diameter, rotation angle, X direction aperture, Y apertureAM Aperture Macro custom irisA data block format:%AM*, []*.[[>*,,... *%Defines a name for the current custom apertureGame game1 (circle) Exp, diameter center X, center Y2/20 (line) Exp, line width starting point, X starting point, Y end point, X end point, Y angle21 (oblong) Exp, wide, high, center, X, center, Y angle22 (rectangular) Exp, wide height, left lower X, lower left Yangle4 (polygon) Exp points, starting point X, starting point Y, X1, Y1... angle5 (regular polygon) Exp, top count center, X center, Y diameter6 (Moire) X0 Y0, outer diameter, ring width, ring spacing, rings tens of width, ten long angle7 (heat dissipation) X0, Y0 outside diameter, inner diameter, mouth size angle3 end customAS, Axis, Select axis selectionData block format:%ASA[X|Y]B[X|Y]*%A B output device coordinate axisX Y data file coordinate axisFS Format StatementData block format:%FS[L|T][A|I][Nn][Gn]XnnYnn[Dn][Mn]*%L T L omit leading zero T, omit tail zeroA, I, A, absolute coordinates, I, relative coordinatesIn most EDA software, when designing the PCB, a Solder Mask is defined, which is called the solder layer in production, and the Solder Mask region is not defined on the pad. That is, where the solder and solder resist are produced, if the area is defined too large, the line or other conductive object near the pad will be exposed to the solder resist. Thus, in the process of processing, the bond plate and its vicinity metal wire are easy to form "bridging", causing short circuit phenomenon. Thus, the "Solder Bridges" phenomenon in production is usually caused by the improper definition of the mask data in the design stage and the CAD system is not found in time. Therefore, it is necessary to detect and repair "Solder Bridges" phenomenon quickly before processing.CAM350 not only can quickly find "Solder Bridge", but also can be repaired. Before processing to realize this function as long as the use of Analysis Find Solder Bridges to open the menu - > "Solder Bridging" dialog box.Tick in the "Top Check/Bottom Check" in front of a small box can choose only to detect surface or bottom detection or at the same time. In the following "Mask, Layer, Check, Against", select the correct layer, note that Soldermask_top corresponds to the Top layer; Soldermask_bottom corresponds to the Bottom layer. In Bridge Distance, enter the minimum tolerance bridge spacing. In the following "Search Area", select "Process Entire Layer" to indicate that the system will detect all layers currently open. If you choose "Window Area to Process", you would like to select a window first, and the system will detect the area of the window. After OK, the system will continue to be tested for some time. If an error is detected, a dialog boxis popped up. OK, the screen will jump to another edit window, and an information display / edit bar appears on the upper right.Here you can see all of the error specific locations, you can click on "All" to show all the errors, or you can select a error in the drop-down box, so you can query the specific location of the error.6.Check DrillThis function item is used to examine various problems in the drilling. For example, the distance between the hole and the hole is reasonable, whether or not there are two holes of the same size or different size in the same position.Analysis Check Drill Alalysis - > Drills, pop-up dialog box."Overlapped Drill Hits" can check whether there are two overlapping vias at the same location. "Coincident Drill Hits (Different Sizes)" can test whether there are two or more vias of the same size in the same location, but these vias are produced by different Tools. "Redundant Drill Hits (Same Size") can check whether or not there are two or more vias of the same size at the same location, but these vias are generated by the same Tool. "Drill, Hole, to, Drill, Hole, Clearance" can test whether the spacing between the holes meets certain rules. Next, select the layer you want to test in the Layers to Analyze.More than 7. of the DFM test the function can produce a report in the Info Report menu - > display test results. Such as Sliver,Report, Solder, Mask, Errors, Report, Silkscreen, Errors, Report, etc., and can be saved as a *.rpt file.If you have run the test function, just want to look at their specific location can be achieved by using Info - Find menu. You can also click directly in the dialog box of a menu item under Analysis.3. Copper Slivers"Copper Slivers" refers to those thin and narrow areas of copper that may easily fall off during production. This feature not only detects the narrow areas of copper deposits, but also the repair / trim function. Before you perform this operation, first open the relevant layers that you need to detect. Analysis - > Copper Slivers "Copper Slivers Detection" will pop up a dialog box.The first input can tolerate the minimum number of copper in the "Find Slivers Less than". In "Processing Control", you can choose "Fix Silvers" to repair the fine copper. Select "Remove Old Slivers" to eliminate the detection results that have been generated, such as "Mask Silvers"". In the following "Search Area", select "Process Entire Layer" to indicate that the system will detect all layers currently open. If you choose "Window Area to Process", you would like to select a window first, and the system will detect the area of the window. OK, detection system will continue to end time, finally pops up a message, if no error will show "Found no new Slivers". If you find errors will pop up an error message box, determine the screen will jump to another edit window. You can see all theexact locations here,You can click on "All" to display all the errors, or you can select a error in the drop down box so that you can query the exact location of the error.4.Mask Slivers"Mask Slivers" refers to those thin and narrow areas which are easily removed in the production process (commonly known as "green" solder barrier). Once the solder is removed, the solder is easily slid into the solder, causing undesirable results. This function can be detected and repaired before production, so as not to cause unnecessary consequences. Analysis, Mask Silvers, Mask Sliver Detection, a pop-up dialog box.The first input can tolerate the minimum number of copper in the "Find Slivers less than". In "Processing Control", you can choose "Fix Slivers" to repair the fine copper. Select "Remove Old Slivers" to cancel the previously detected results, such as "Mask Slivers"". In the following "Search Area", select "Process Entire Layre" to indicate that the system will detect all layers currently open. If you choose "Window Area to Process", you would like to select a window first, and the system will detect all layers currently open. After OK, the system will continue to be tested for a while and finally pop up a tooltip message. If there is no error, "Found no new Slivers" will be displayed". If an error is detected, a false dialog box is popped up. OK, the screen will jump to another edit window, and an information display / edit bar appears on the upper right. Here you can see all of the error specificlocations, you can click on "All" to show all the errors, or you can choose a error in the drop-down box, so you can query the specific location of the error.1., Silk, to, Solder, SpacingThis is the software to automatically test the screen printing layer and the spacing of the solder resist. Analysis Silk to Solder Spacing, "Check Silkscreen" dialog box will pop up.First, select the two layer you want to check, that is, Sildcreen_top/Soldermask_top, select both andSildcreen_bottom/Soldermask_bottom at the same time. Then enter the most tolerable spacing in the Clearance. The best tick in the "Remove Old Silkscreen Errors", to avoid confusion. After OK, the system performs the lookup, and at the bottom of the screen shows the "Silk to Sold Check" on the left: the percentage shown on the right shows a message box for error after execution. After "OK", the screen jumps to these two levels of information, and a display / edit bar is added to the top right of the screen. Here you can see all of the error specific locations, you can click on "All" to show all the errors, or you can choose a error in the drop-down box, so you can query the specific location of the error.2., Solder, Mask, to, Trace, SpacingIn general EDA software, defined as Solder Mask place, in fact, when the board is painted solder place. Where there is no Solder Mask, the solder is stopped when the board is made.In the process of welding solder to avoid disorderly flow caused between "pad lead bridge" short circuit main purpose of solder resist, ensure the quality of the installation, to provide electrical environment for a long time and anti chemical protection, forming printed circuit board coat".This command is when an implementation software automatically checks the line and Sold (solder) pitch function.Analysis Solder Mask to Trace - > Spacing, "Check Solder Mask" will pop up a dialog box.In this dialog, select the Electrical Layer and Solder Mask Layer two layers to check respectively. Select theTop/Soldermask_top layer at the same time, or check the Bottom/Soldermask_Bottom layer at the same time. Then enter the minimum tolerable spacing in the Clearance. The best tick in the "Remove Old Solder Mask Errors", to avoid confusion. After OK, the system performs the lookup. At this time, the bottom of the screen shows the "Solder to Trace Check": the percentage displayed on the right. After the execution, if an error is detected, an error message box will pop up.Similarly, the screen will jump to the two level of information after the confirmation, and a display / edit bar will be added to the top right of the screen. Here you can see all of the error specific locations, you can click on "ALL" to show all the errors, or you can select a error in the drop-down box, so you can query the specific location of the error.。
Gerber介绍
CAD文档一般指原始PCB设计文件,如protel、PADS等PCB设计文件,而用户或企业设计部门,往往出于各方面的考虑,只愿意提供给生产制造部门电路板的Gerber文件。
Gerber文件是所有电路设计软件都可以产生的文件,在电子组装行业又称为模版文件(stencil data),在PCB制造业又称为光绘文件。
可以说Gerber文件是电子组装业中最通用最广泛的文件格式。
因此对于一个电子生产企业,拥有一个能够处理Gerber文件的电脑辅助制造CAM 软件是非常重要的,它对安排产品生产的准备、制造及测试各工序都有辅助提高质量的作用。
Gerber文件是EIA的标准格式,分RS274-D和RS274-X两种,其中RS274-X是RS274-D 的扩展文件。
生产制造部门在条件许可的情况下,应当尽可能要求用户或设计部门提供RS274-X的Gerber文件,这样有利于各工序的生产准备Gerber数据是由象片测图仪(Photoplotters)生成的。
象片测图仪由一个精密的伺服系统组成,该系统控制着一个X-Y 工作台,上面附着一片高对比度菲林。
光源透过一个快门照在菲林上。
该快门含有一个光圈***并聚焦在菲林上。
控制器把Gerber指令转换为适当的工作台移动,光圈***旋转和快门的开合。
其结果就是我们通常看到的Gerber文件。
Gerber文件是所有电路设计软件都可以产生的文件,在电子组装行业又称为模版文件(stencil data),在PCB制造业又称为光绘文件。
可以说Gerber文件是电子组装业中最通用最广泛的文件格式。
因此对于一个电子生产企业,拥有一个能够处理Gerber文件的电脑辅助制造CAM软件是非常重要的,它对安排产品生产的准备、制造及测试各工序都有辅助提高质量的作用。
Gerber文件是EIA的标准格式,分RS274-D和RS274-X两种,其中RS274-X是RS274-D 的扩展文件。
生产制造部门在条件许可的情况下,应当尽可能要求用户或设计部门提供RS274-X的Gerber文件,这样有利于各工序的生产准备。
gerber文件的命名规则
gerber文件的命名规则Gerber文件是一种用于电子制造的标准文件格式,它描述了电路板的设计信息,包括元件布局、电路连接等。
在进行Gerber文件命名时,需要遵循一定的规则,以确保文件的可读性和可管理性。
以下是关于Gerber文件命名规则的详细说明:1. 文件名格式:Gerber文件名通常由多个部分组成,每个部分之间用下划线或连字符分隔。
常见的命名格式包括项目名称、层次、版本号等。
例如,"ProjectName_Layer1_V1.gbr"。
2. 项目名称:项目名称应该简洁明了,能够准确描述该Gerber文件所属的项目。
避免使用过长或含有特殊字符的名称,以免造成混淆或命名冲突。
3. 层次:Gerber文件通常包含多个层次,如顶层(Top)、底层(Bottom)、内层(Inner)等。
在命名时,可以使用数字、字母或简短的描述词来表示层次。
例如,"Top"表示顶层,"Bot"表示底层。
4. 版本号:为了管理和追踪Gerber文件的不同版本,可以在文件名中添加版本号。
版本号可以使用数字、字母或组合来表示,例如"V1"、"RevA"等。
每次更新文件时,应该递增版本号,避免重复或混淆。
5. 文件扩展名:Gerber文件的常见扩展名为".gbr",表示该文件是Gerber格式。
在命名时,应该确保使用正确的扩展名,以便于软件和工具的识别和处理。
6. 附加信息:根据需要,可以在文件名中添加其他附加信息,如日期、制造商、特殊要求等。
这些信息可以进一步帮助标识和管理Gerber文件。
需要注意的是,Gerber文件命名规则可以根据实际需求和团队约定进行调整和扩展。
重要的是保持一致性和可读性,以便于团队成员和工具的理解和使用。
Gerber文件各层扩展名与原PCB各层的对应关系审批稿
G e r b e r文件各层扩展名与原P C B各层的对应关系YKK standardization office【 YKK5AB- YKK08- YKK2C- YKK18】Gerber文件各层扩展名与原PCB各层的对应关系protel所产生的gerber,都是统一规范的,具体表现以下方面:1.扩展名的第一位g一般指gerber的意思2.扩展名的第二位代表层的面,b代表bottom面,t代表top面,g+数字代表中间线路层,g+p+数字代表电源层。
3.扩展名的最后一位代表层的类别。
l是线路层,o是丝印层,s是阻焊层,p代表锡膏,m 代表外框、基准孔、机械孔,其它一般不重要文件扩展名:顶层Top (copper) Layer : ...........................................GTL底层Bottom (copper) Layer :....................................... .GBL中间信号层Mid Layer 1, 2, ... , 30 : ...............G1, .G2, ... . .G30内电层Internal Plane Layer 1, 2, ... , 16 : ......GP1, .GP2, ... . .GP16顶丝网层Top Overlay :............................................. .GTO底丝网层Bottom Overlay : ...........................................GBO顶锡膏层Top Paste Mask : ...........................................GTP底锡膏层Bottom Paste Mask :....................................... .GBP顶阻焊层Top Solder Mask : ..........................................GTS底阻焊层Bottom Solder Mask :...................................... .GBS禁止布线层Keep-Out Layer : .........................................GKO机械层Mechanical Layer 1, 2, ... , 16 : ..........GM1, .GM2, ... , .GM16顶层主焊盘Top Pad Master : .........................................GPT底层主焊盘Bottom Pad Master : ......................................GPB钻孔图层Drill Drawing, Top Layer - Bottom Layer (Through Hole) : ...GD1Drill Drawing, other Drill (Layer) Pairs : ...................GD2, .GD3钻孔引导层Drill Guide, Top Layer - Bottom Layer (Through Hole) : ...GG1Drill Guide, other Drill (Layer) Pairs : .............GG2, .........GG3机械层:定义整个PCB板的外观的,其实我们在说机械层的时候就是指整个PCB板的外形结构.禁止布线层:定义我们在布电气特性的铜一时的边界,也就是说我们先定义了禁止布线层后,我们在以后的布过程中,所布的具有电气特性的线是不可能超出禁止布线层的边界.Top overlay和bottom overlay:定义顶层和底的丝印字符,就是一般我们在PCB板上看到的元件编号和一些字符。
CADGerber文件详解望友
✓ DFM ✓ SMT
✓ TEST ✓ Document ✓ VIEW
CAD文件说明--Accel输出
输出说明:
运行软件,选择菜单 “File --> Save As”
在文件格式中选择 “ASCII File” ,输入文 件名称后保存
Software for Electronics Manufacturing
----文件后缀、示例文件
Software for Electronics Manufacturing
✓ DFM ✓ SMT
✓ TEST ✓ Document ✓ VIEW
什么是CAD文件
CAD文件是由PCB设计的EDA软件直接输出或保存 得到的文件
CAD文件中包括PCB各层的信息,网络连接信息, 元件信息等,非常全面
✓ TEST ✓ Document ✓ VIEW
CAD文件说明--OrCAD
设计软件:Orcad 文件后缀:*.min 文件特征:文件开始含有:
(MIN (Version 文件示例:
Software for Electronics Manufacturing
✓ DFM ✓ SMT
✓ TEST ✓ Document ✓ VIEW
✓ DFM ✓ SMT
✓ TEST ✓ Document ✓ VIEW
CAD文件说明--ODBxml
设计软件:Valor 文件后缀:*.xml 文件特征:文件开始含有:SOURCE = "VALOR 文件示例:
Software for Electronics Manufacturing
✓ DFM ✓ SMT
$HEADER GENCAM:
文件示例:
Software for Electronics Manufacturing
Gerber 文件简介--匠人的百宝箱
Gerber 文件简介--匠人的百宝箱Gerber 文件简介2004-11-28 14:02:57 阅读次数: 2362一、 Gerber文件的来源1.客供文件A 客户直接发的Gerber文件;B 根据*.PCB格式文件转出的Gerber文件.2.根据客户提供的PCB采点,所得的公制3.2格式的Gerber文件。
二、原始PCB文件可以用下几种软件转出Gerber格式:1.Pads 2000 (*.job) D码(*.rep)Gerber(*.pho)2.PowerPCB (*.job/*.pcb) D码(*.rep)Gerber(*.pho)3.Protel (*.PCB) D码(*.APT)Gerber(*.GTL/ *GTP/ *GTO)4.AutoCAD (*.dwg) Gerber(*.dxf)5.Orcad (*.max) D码(*.APP)Gerber(*.TOP/ *.SST/ *.SPT/ *.SMT)三、Protel (*PCB)1.D码(*.APT/ *.APR (99se))2.Gerber文件(下面扩展格式名中“T”表示顶层,“B”表示底层)A.线路层 *.GTL *.GBLB.丝印层(字符) *.GTO *.GBOC.贴片层 *.GTP *.GBPD.绿油层(阻焊) *.GTS *.GBSE.边框层 *.GKO或*.GM1四、Power PCB (*.job/ *.pcb)1.D码(*.REP)2.Gerber文件(下面扩展格式名中“01”表示顶层,“02”表示双面板底层,“04”表示4层板底层,“06”表示6层板底层)A.线路层 art01.pho art04.phoB.丝印层(字符) sst0126.pho sst0429.phoC.贴片层 smd0123.pho smd0422.phoD 绿油层(阻焊) smo0121.pho smo0428.pho五、OrCAD (*.max )1.D码(*.APP)2.Gerber文件A.线路层 *.TOP (toplayer) *.BOT (bottomlayer)B.丝印层(字符)*.SST( silkscreentop) *.SSB( silkscreenbottom)C.贴片层 *.SPT(solderpastetop) *.SPB(solderpastebottom) D.绿油层(阻焊)*.SMT(solermasdtop) *.SMB(solermasdtop。
什么是gerber格式
1). RS-274-D 它是依照EIA的RS-274-D标准码于1985年衍生制定的,而其资料内容包括word address资料及绘图机的参数档与控制码。这种格式的Gerber必须包含一个Aperture文件,也就是说Gerber File 和Aperture文件是分开的不同文件。RS-274-D被使用至今已有数十年了,因电子产品的演变早已超出当初的需求,因此原有的RS-274-D格式也慢慢的不敷使用,被因此衍生出的强化版RS-274-X所替代。
Gerber也叫“光绘”,通常只代表一种格式如RS-274, 274D, 274X等,充当了将设计的图形数据转换成PCB制造的中间媒介,即一种CAD-CAM数据转换格式标准。主要用途就是PCB版图绘制,最终由PCB制作商完成PCB的制作。为了更直观了解Gerber是如何产生、如何转换的,我们先来看下图:
无论是哪种CAD系统,最后都必须将内部CAD数据库转换成GERBER格式文件。在这个过程、位置信息。两者的转换通常是无形的,一旦Gerber产生,绘图机就可以开始工作。绘图机是一种较昂贵但很精确的设备,精确度可以小于1mil。
1.2 Gerber的几种常见格式
2) RS-274-X 产生于1992年,即当今最为流行的资料格式,他是RS-274-D的扩展版,是以RS-274-D为基础的,只不过RS-274-X格式的Aperture整合在Gerber File中的,也即“内含D码”。
除上述的情况外,还有一些数据格式标准正在运用或开发中,如MDA/Fire9000 、Barco DPF,因为不是很常用,在此就不详细介绍了。
Gerber Format是电子业之间通用的资料格式,它是被用于设计完成与上线制造PCB的中间体,就像土木或机械五金业常用的AutoCad软体所输出的DXF或HPGL格式一般,是设计师把图稿设计完成所产生的文件与其它系统连结的工作资料。
Gerber文件各层扩展名与原PCB各层的对应关系
G e r b e r文件各层扩展名与原P C B各层的对应关系公司内部编号:(GOOD-TMMT-MMUT-UUPTY-UUYY-DTTI-G e r b e r文件各层扩展名与原P C B各层的对应关系protel所产生的gerber,都是统一规范的,具体表现以下方面:1.扩展名的第一位g一般指gerber的意思2.扩展名的第二位代表层的面,b代表bottom面,t代表top面,g+数字代表中间线路层,g+p+数字代表电源层。
3.扩展名的最后一位代表层的类别。
l是线路层,o是丝印层,s是阻焊层,p代表锡膏,m代表外框、基准孔、机械孔,其它一般不重要文件扩展名:顶层Top (copper) Layer : ...........................................GTL底层Bottom (copper) Layer :....................................... .GBL中间信号层Mid Layer 1, 2, ... , 30 : ...............G1, .G2, ... . .G30内电层Internal Plane Layer 1, 2, ... , 16 : ......GP1, .GP2, ... . .GP16顶丝网层Top Overlay :............................................. .GTO底丝网层Bottom Overlay : ...........................................GBO顶锡膏层Top Paste Mask : ...........................................GTP底锡膏层Bottom Paste Mask :....................................... .GBP顶阻焊层Top Solder Mask : ..........................................GTS底阻焊层Bottom Solder Mask :...................................... .GBS禁止布线层Keep-Out Layer : .........................................GKO机械层Mechanical Layer 1, 2, ... , 16 : ..........GM1, .GM2, ... , .GM16顶层主焊盘Top Pad Master : .........................................GPT底层主焊盘Bottom Pad Master : ......................................GPB钻孔图层Drill Drawing, Top Layer - Bottom Layer (Through Hole) : ...GD1Drill Drawing, other Drill (Layer) Pairs : ...................G D2, .GD3钻孔引导层Drill Guide, Top Layer - Bottom Layer (Through Hole) : ...GG1Drill Guide, other Drill (Layer) Pairs : .............GG2, .........GG3机械层:定义整个PCB板的外观的,其实我们在说机械层的时候就是指整个PCB板的外形结构.禁止布线层:定义我们在布电气特性的铜一时的边界,也就是说我们先定义了禁止布线层后,我们在以后的布过程中,所布的具有电气特性的线是不可能超出禁止布线层的边界.Top overlay和bottom overlay:定义顶层和底的丝印字符,就是一般我们在PCB板上看到的元件编号和一些字符。
Gerber文件
Genesis2000 教程网: 全国最专业的PCB-CAM 在线学习平台!1.什么是Gerber文件?Gerber也叫“光绘”,通常只代表一种格式如RS-274-D,RS-274-X等,充当了将设计的图形数据转换成PCB制造的中间媒介,即一种CAD-CAM数据转换格式标准。
主要用途就是PCB版图绘制,最终由PCB制作商完成PCB的制作。
为了更直观了解Gerber是如何产生、如何转换的,我们先来看下图:无论是哪种CAD系统,最后都必须将内部CAD数据库转换成GERBER格式文件。
在这个过程中,Aperture table描述了绘图机的镜头大小、形状、位置信息。
两者的转换通常是无形的,一旦Gerber产生,绘图机就可以开始工作。
绘图机是一种较昂贵但很精确的设备,精确度可以小于1mil。
2.Gerber的几种常见格式Gerber Format是电子业之间通用的资料格式,它是被用于设计完成与上线制造PCB 的中间体。
也称为Gerber Data。
标准的Gerber Format主要有两种:1). RS-274-D 这种格式的Gerber必须包含一个Aperture文件,也就是说Gerber File和Aperture文件是分开的两个不同文件。
2) 2) RS-274-X 它是RS-274-D的扩展版,是以RS-274-D为基础的,只不过RS-274-X格式的Aperture整合在Gerber File中的,也即“内含D码”。
在后面我们会详细的介绍如何区分这两种格式的文件。
3.Gerber数据格式特点分析Gerber格式的数据特点:数据码:ASCII、EBCDIC、EIA、ISO码,常用:ASCII码。
数据单位:英制(English:inch/mil)、公制(Metric:mm),常用英制。
坐标形式:相对坐标、绝对坐标,常用:绝对坐标。
数据形式:前省零(leading)、后省零(trailing) 、定长(none),常用:前省零(leading)。
gerber的格式详解
Gerber Funtion Code介绍Nn 顺序编号──这是用於盘式磁带机的档案搜寻,因为磁带机的档案搜寻是依次序搜寻的,和磁碟机作用方式不同,不过现在使用盘式磁带机的人已经很稀少了,因此略过不再加以介绍。
Gnn (genernal function code ) 一般的控制功能码:X ± m.n X轴向的座标值──有效数值范围为± 0.000001 到± 999999.999999Y ± m.n Y轴向的座标值──有效数值范围为±0.000001 到±999999.999999Z ± m.n Z 轴向的座标值──有效数值范围为±0.000001 到±999999.999999Im.n 画弧的中心座标对应平行投影於X 轴向的位置──有效数值范围为±0.000001 到±999999.999999 Jm.n 画弧的中心座标对应平行投影於Y 轴向的位置──有效数值范围为±0.000001 到±999999.999999 Km.n 画弧的中心座标对应平行投影於Z 轴向的位置──有效数值范围为±0.000001 到±999999.999999W ± m.n 内建文字的旋转角度──有效数值范围为 -999999.999° 到+999999.999°◆Cm.n VAPE 作闪光打点动作的旋转角度◆Tn 渐进线的绘图功能控制◆Um.n 可变式光圈的长度◆Vm.n 可变式光圈的长度Dn 下笔绘图控制码Mn 其它的控制码EOB 区段结束字元码P.S. ◆ 仅供具有 VAPE 设备之光学绘图机使用。
VAPE (Variable Aperture Photo Exposure)而在以上所提到的控制码中,读者可能已经猜到一件事Q : 好像不是每一种控制器都可以使用所有的控制码?A : 没错,并非任一种控制器皆能使用所有的控制码,事实上除了3200控制器,并没有其它控制器能使用所有的控制码,以下附表说明:Code WordsControl Model N G X Y Z I J K W C T U V D M *1600930095009600970098009900GPCInsight/2020 ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ●1850 ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ●2000C ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ●2600 ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ●3X00 ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● △ △ △ △ ● ● ●4X00 ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ●6X00 ● ● ● ● ● ●8000-852 ● ● ● ● ● ●8000-866 ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ●●控制器可以使用的控制码△仅有 Model 3200 才可使用,3100 控制器并不支援此功能X,Y,Z 座标的资料格式定义与适用数值位数范围,如下表所示:Control INCH MM1600/9X00 0.1 to 5.4 or 4.5 0.1 to 5.4 or 4.5GPC and Insight / 2020 0.6 to 6.6 0.6 to 6.62000C 0.1 to 3.5 0.1 to 5.33X00 0.1 to 5.5 0.1 to 5.34X00 0.1 to 4.5 0.1 to 5.46X00 4.4 to 5.3 5.2 to 5.38000-852 0.6 to 6.0 0.6 to 6.08000-866 0.6 to 6.0 0.6 to 6.0EOB Edn - of Block 字元,这是每一行字串的结尾符号,相对於不同的电脑系统也有不同的字元符号来表示字串的结束,而各种格式的适用码如下表示之: Data Code End of Block Parameter FlagASCII * ( Asterisk ) % ( Percent )EBCDIC BCD * ( Asterisk ) or $ ( Dollar sign ) % ( Percent )EIA CR ( Carriage return ) LC ( Low case )ISO ASCII LF ( Line Feed ) % ( Percent )※而其中最重要的控制码有 G code, D code 与 M code 以下分别予以介绍。
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常见GERBER文件后缀含义
Top Layer .GTL 顶层走线 *.GTL Bottom Layer .GBL 底层走线 *.GBL
Top Overlay .GTO 顶层丝印 *.GTO Bottom Overlay .GBO 底层丝印 *.GB0
Top Paste .GTP 顶层表贴(做激光模板用) *.GTP
Bottom Paste .GBP 底层表贴(做激光模板用) *.GBP
Top Solder .GTS 顶层阻焊(也叫防锡层,负片) *.GTS
Bottom Solder .GBS 底层阻焊(也叫防锡层,负片) *.GBS MidLayer1 .G1 内部走线层1
MidLayer2 .G2 内部走线层2
MidLayer3 .G3 内部走线层3
MidLayer4 .G4 内部走线层4
Internal Plane1 .GP1 内平面1(负片)
Internal Plane2 .GP2 内平面2(负片)
Mechanical1 .GM1机械层1
Mechanical2 .GM2 机械层2
Mechanical3 .GM3 机械层3
Mechanical4 .GM4 机械层4
Keep Out Layer .GKO 禁止布线层(可做板子外形) *.GK0
Top Pad Master.GPT 顶层主焊
盘 *.GPT Bottom Pad Master .GPB 底层主焊
盘 *.GPB
Aperture Data.APR光圈文件
Drill Data .DRL 钻孔数据
Drill Position.TXT钻孔位置
Drill Tool size.DRR钻孔尺寸
Drill Report.LDP钻孔报告。