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Together with the National Libraries of Scotland and Wales, the Bodleian Library in Oxford, the Cambridge University Library and Trinity College's library in Dublin, the British Library is now empowered to receive a copy of every . electronic publication. This is a logical enough extension in the digital age of its ancient right to receive and store all books, newspapers, magazines and other printed matter, but it is still a challenging task.

The first full-scale Internet “crawl” was launched from the library’s West Yorkshire computer center shortly after the law took effect. Covering million . sites, it took three months to complete, with another two months required to process the 1 billion captured web pages. The expectation is that the library will collect in a single year about the same amount of material as its newspaper and periodicals archive has amassed over the course of three centuries (a costly program to digitize some 40 million of its 750 million printed pages is now underway).

Chief Executive Rolv Keating points out that when the initial crawl began, the project represented a reassertion of what it means to be a library in the 21st century. Ten years ago, there was a very real danger of a black hole opening up and swallowing our digital heritage." Keating says. "Millions of web pages, e-publications and other nonprint items were falling through the cracks of a system devised primarily to capture ink and paper.'

Professor Niels Brugger, the head of the Center for Internet Studies at Denmark’s Aarhus University, supports the British Library’s archiving project. “More and more of our societal, cultural and political actives now take place either on the web or are closely related to it” he says. “Since the mid-1990s, you simply couldn’t be a university, a company or a political party without having a website. If want to document our present or study our past on the web, get it into an archive before it disappears.”

“Whenever I’m asked why web archiving matters,” he continues, “I think of the

Bob Dylan line from The Times They Are Changing — 'The present now will later be past. ‘Material is disappearing before our eyes at an unprecedented rate, and with it goes precious source material for the future historian who will be trying to shed light on the present. Capturing the past for posterity through web archiving matters just as much as preserving other aspects of our cultural heritage, whether it’s kitchen utensils, buildings, warships or collections of newspapers. Studies suggest that 40 percent of what's on it at any given moment is deleted a year later, while another 40 percent has been altered, leaving just 20 percent of the original content.”

Almost every major national library in Europe now undertakes web arching. Though the scale and cost of such operations vary widely according to their individual remit. The British Libra ry’s project cost some $5 million to set up, the money coming entirely from its grant from the Department of Culture, Media and Sport.

现在，大英图书馆与苏格兰和威尔士国家图书馆、牛津大学的博德利图书馆、剑桥大学图书馆和都柏林三一学院图书馆一起，有权接收英国所有电子出版物的副本。在数字时代，这是一个合乎逻辑的延伸，因为它拥有接收和储存所有书籍、报纸、杂志和其他印刷品的古老权利，但这仍然是一项具有挑战性的任务。

该法律生效后不久，图书馆西约克郡计算机中心启动了第一个全面的互联网“爬行”。它覆盖了480万个英国网站，花了3个月的时间才完成，另外两个月需要处理10亿个被捕获的网页。人们预计，该图书馆在一年内收集的资料量，将与它的报纸和期刊档案馆在过去三个世纪积累的资料量相当(一项耗资巨大的计划正在进行，将其亿页印刷资料中的4000万页数字化)。

图书馆首席执行官罗尔夫·基廷(Rolv Keating)指出，最初的爬行开始时，这个项目代表着对图书馆在21世纪意义的重申。十年前，我们面临着一个非常现实的危险:一个黑洞正在打开，吞噬我们的数字遗产。基廷说。“数以百万计的网页、电子出版物和其他非印刷品从一个主要用于捕捉墨水和纸张的系统的缝隙中滑落。”

丹麦奥尔胡斯大学(Aarhus University)互联网研究中心(Center for Internet Studies)