作文常见错误分析

宾语一般由名词，或者具备名词性质的短语、 词语或者从句充当，而动词不可以充当宾语。 一些动词，如continue, start, pretend, intend, attempt, decide, learn, 后面经常 加动词不定式作为宾语。 例： Many rural residents have decided move to cities. Many rural residents have decided to move to cities.

例： In many countries, salaries remain unchanged and even reduce. In many countries, salaries remain unchanged and even drop.

有一些及物动词后面跟宾语和宾语补足语，构成 主语+谓语动词+宾语+宾语补足语的基本句型， 如”make, see, have, left”, 这些词后面跟的动 词常用不加”to”的动词不定式。 例： Education can let young people to find jobs easily after they finish their education. Education can let young people find jobs easily after they finish their education.

不及物动词后不能直接加任何名词或者名词性质 的成分作宾语；如果要加宾语，则要用介词；不 及物动词没有被动语态，比如”happen, appear, disappear, rise, emerge, occur, take place”等词都没有被动语态。 例： The accident was similar to the one that was happened last year. The accident was similar to the one that happened last year.
作文常见语法错误分析


动词或者句子不能充当主 语或宾语 主谓不一致 不及物动词和系动词没有 被动语态 及物动词的使用错误 冠词的使用错误 数的不一致（名词单复数 问题） 介词的使用错误 情态动词的使用错误
助动词的使用错误 副词的使用错误 连词的使用错误 代词的使用错误 句子残缺 定语从句的使用错误 名词性从句的使用错误 平行结构的对称

有一些及物动词同时也是不及物动词，注意 在语境中确定其词性。 例： Consumer confidence should improve, as it is crucial to an economic recovery. Consumer confidence should be improved, as it is crucial to an economic recovery.

动词用单数的名词：the press, the public, news, the government, the police force, advertising… 动词用复数的名词：authorities, people…

当主语后跟着”with, together with, coupled with, combined with, as well as, like”的时候，谓语动词跟随主语变化。 例： Overworking, coupled with poor diet, lead to physical degeneration. Overworking, coupled with poor diet, leads to physical degeneration.

准系动词”seem, remain, prove, appear, look, smell, taste”等一般不用被动语态。 例： Most children are seemed to be better at remembering bad habits, instead of good ones. Most children seem to be better at remembering bad habits, instead of good ones.

冠词分为不定冠词和定冠词 可数名词前一般要加定冠词或者不定冠词； 可数名词如果使用定冠词，要么表示一类东 西，要么表示特指。否则的话，要变成复数 形式。另外一种可能性是使用所有格的形式。 不可数名词则无此约束。它们意思的区别见 下表。





可数名词加不定冠词 例：I need to read a book about how to combat crime. 可数名词加定冠词 例：I need to read the book about how to combat crime. 可数名词加复数 例：I need to read books about how to combat crime. 可数名词的复数加定冠词 例：The books about how to combat crime are among the best sellers of the bookshop.

例： To rear a child alone are challenging to any parent. To rear a child alone is challenging to any parent.

不可数名词作主语的时候谓语动词一定是单数； 如果主语是”…of…”的词组，谓语的数需要 和”of”之前的名词保持一致。 例： The adequacy of financial resources are crucial to the operation of a not-for-profit organization. The adequacy of financial resources is crucial to the operation of a not-for-profit organization.

由”what, whether, how, that, where”引起 的主语从句中，谓语动词常用单数。 例： How we cope with massive technological change in the 21st century are an interesting issue. How we cope with massive technological change in the 21st century is an interesting issue.

主语一般由名词，或者具备名词性质的短语、 词语或者从句充当，而动词不可以充当主语 例： Give children a comfortable home environment is parents’ duty. Parents’ duty is to give children a comfortable home environment.

有一些及物动词后面跟宾语和不定式，构成 主语+谓语动词+宾语+宾语补足语的基本句型， 如”enable, encourage, allow, prompt”。 例： Private sponsorship has allowed the academic community survive. Private sponsorship has allowed the academic community to survive.

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例： Teamwork has been proven effective in improving students’ performance. Teamwork has proven effective in improving students’ performance.

及物动词一定要加名词或者名词成分作宾语， 构成主语+谓语动词+宾语的基本句型；否则 就是错误的。 例： I will discuss in some detail. I will discuss this topic in some detail.

有一些代词后面的谓语动词一定是单数 (anybody, anything, everybody, everything, nobody, nothing, somebody, something, each, none) 例： Even if somebody fall sick, everything go on as usual. Even if somebody falls sick, everything goes on as usual.

动名词和不定式作主语的时候谓语动词一定 是单数。 例： Raising standards of literacy are the government’s priority. Raising standards of literacy is the government’s priority.

例： I disagree many points made by the supporters of globalization. I disagree with many points made by the supporters of globalization.

有一些动词词组如”consist of, belong to, take place, benefit from”也没有被动语态。 例： The curriculum is consisted of core courses and optional courses. The curriculum consists of core courses and optional courses.

“there be”句型中谓语动词的数随着其后面 的名词改变。 例： There is a number of countries which perform poorly in containing pollution. There are a number of countries which perform poorly in containing pollution.

例： Whether we like it or not, our families shape our lives and make us to be what we are. Whether we like it or not, our families shape our lives and make us what we are.




一个完整的句子不能充当另外一个句子的主语。在这 种情况下，需要将其中一个句子改成从句，或者使用 形式主语”it”。 例： Students receive job training is important. It is important for students to receive job training. Students receive job training can become competitive in the labor market. Students can become competitive in the labor market if they receive job training.