美丽中国(wild china)第一集 龙之心·
美丽中国中文翻译——龙之心
龙之心最后一个隐秘的世界，中国几世纪以来，到过中国的游客一直描述着中国迷人的山水风景及令人惊叹的珍禽异兽中国文明是世界上最古老的，其人口是现代最庞大的，总数超过十亿是50多种特殊民族赖以为生的家，各形各色的传统生活方式，通常与周遭的自然生态息息相关虽然中国面临着巨大的社会及环境保护问题，但还是有它最美的一面中国有世界上最高的山脉，最宽广的沙漠，其温差可从灼热高温，降到令人麻痹的寒冷有云雾弥漫的丛林庇护者稀有动物一望无际的旷野草原及丰饶的热带海洋现在有史以来第一次，能够完整地探索这个美好国度，接触当地一些令人惊奇的稀有生物，进而探讨中国人民及野生动植物与所住的非凡山水之间的互动关系这是《野性中国》我们探索中国之旅始于温暖的热带南方在漓江上，栖息于竹筏之上的渔民及鸬鹚，已经延续了几千年以上的共存关系这世界著名的景色，不断地出现在中国山水画的主题中也是主要的观光胜地。
中国南方面积很广，几乎是英国的8倍大。
到处都是山丘，水域的胜景一年大约250天都在下雨，到处是积水长江流域一带，黑尾鹬（yu）在泥浆里寻觅着虫子但不止是野生动物在这种环境下茁壮成长这沼泽地更提供了一种重要的草科植物最佳生长的环境，稻米！中国人8千年栽种稻米的历史，促使景观全然转变在南方的云南，晚冬是当地农民最忙的季节，他们忙着在春天来临前为古老的稻田整地元阳县的丘陵坡度都很陡，骤降海拔2000米，至下面的红河谷地每一个山坡都布满了上千个梯田，使人们用简陋的工具用手开拓出来的云南的稻米梯田是中国最古老的人类遗迹之一至今仍然沿用家畜水牛来耕犁稻田，就像原先在这些山谷内居住的祖先一样这人造景色，是中国在工业化前一项最令人惊讶的工程似乎每一寸土地，都被利用来耕作傍晚时分，古老的仪式开始了现在是交配季节，公的尖舌浮蛙互相争着母蛙的爱慕但是引来太多的注意力并不是一件好事中国池鹭是冷酷的掠夺者即使是在农耕过的稻田里，在鸟的嘴爪下，自然就是暴力血腥这看来也许像是杀戮屠杀，但每只池鹭一次只能吞一只浮蛙。
美丽中国 - 字幕学习版 wild china cd1
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(FISHERMEN EXCLAIMING呼喊)hatch孵出vi.be reared养obedience顺从~ totally记分tiddlers小鱼儿pl.collar项圈tubular管状的contraption奇妙的装置wriggling蠕动的downhearted情绪低沉的single挑选(一个) ~ out nymphs少女pl.fetch到达vt.resilient适应力强的. Swinhoe黄嘴gourmet美食家delicacy佳肴round up聚拢vt.be reckoned认为~ adj. network网络marvel惊叹vi. ~ at pinnacles顶点pl.newt蝾螈salamander蝾螈distressed痛苦的amphibian两栖动物ancestral祖先的reptile爬行动物,hatch孵出vi. ~ outtrail踪迹.membrane薄膜chalky钙质的(CHIRPING啾啾声) alligators短吻鳄pl. (CHATTERING喋喋不休) charges管理pl.fend照料vi. ~ for granite花岗岩epitomise化身vt. resilience适应力forested森林的inhabitants居民pl. macaques猕猴pl. descendants后代pl. (SCREECHING尖叫) rough-and-tumble扭打the alpha male男一号moccasin大毒蛇ambush埋伏venomous有毒的serpents大毒蛇pl.be spotted认出viper毒蛇high-yield产量很高的reap收割vt.be snapped up争购gangs帮pl. ~ of youngsters年轻人have fledged长羽毛vi. persist持续vi.plump and ripe丰满的uppermost最高的fish to fry另有要事be drained排水vt.be revealed揭露vt. carp鲤鱼smokehouse熏制室scales鳞pl.distinctly无疑地tundra苔原/冻土refuge庇护所exploitation剥削brink(悬崖/河流)边缘(SQUAWKING叫鸣)NARRATOR: The last hidden world,China.For centuries, travellers to China have told tales of magical landscapesand surprising creatures.Chinese civilisation is the world's oldestand today, its largest,with well over a billion people.It's home to more than 50 distinct不同的ethnic种族的groupsand a wide range of traditional lifestyles,often in close partnership with nature.We know that China faces immense广大的social and environmental problems. But there is great beauty here, too.China is home to the world's highest mountains,vast deserts ranging from searing灼热的hotto mind-numbing乏味/厌烦的cold.Steaming冒蒸汽的forests harbouring rare稀有的creatures.Grassy多草的plains beneath vast horizons.And rich tropical seas.Now for the first time ever,we can explore the whole of this great country,meet some of the surprising and exotic外(国)来的/奇异的creatures that live here and consider the relationship of the people and wildlife of Chinato the remarkable引人注目的landscape in which they live.This is <Wild China>.Our exploration of China begins in the warm, subtropical亚热带的south.On the Li River, fishermen and birds perch暂栖on bamboo rafts木排/筏；a partnership that goes back more than a thousand years.This scenery风景/布景is known throughout遍及the world,a recurring再发的motif(作品)主题in Chinese paintings.And a major tourist attraction.The south of China is a vast广阔的area,eight times larger than the UK.It's a landscape of hills but also of water.(THUNDER RUMBLING(发)隆隆声)It rains here for up to 250 days a year,and standing water is everywhere.(THUNDER RUMBLING)In the floodplain河滩of the Yangtze River,black-tailed godwits黑尾鹬yùprobe探索the mud in search of worms.But isn't just wildlife that thrives兴旺in this environment.The swampy沼泽/泥泞的ground provides ideal conditionsfor a remarkable member of the grass family.Rice.The Chinese have been cultivating栽培rice for at least 8,000 years.It has transformed the landscape.Late winter in southern Yunnan is a busy time for local farmersas they prepare the age-old paddy稻田fields ready for the coming spring. These hill slopes斜坡of the Yuanyang County plunge猛冲nearly 2,000 metres to the floor of the Red River valley.Each contains literally简直thousands of stacked成堆的terraces地坪/梯田carved out by hand using basic digging tools.Yunnan's rice terraces are among the oldest human structures in China.Still ploughed犁, as they always have been,by domesticated驯化的water buffaloes,whose ancestors originated in these very valleys.This man-made landscapeis one of the most amazing engineering feats功绩of pre-industrial China.It seems as if every square平方inch of landhas been pressed into cultivation耕作.As evening approaches, an age-old ritual(宗教等的)仪式unfolds展开.It's the mating交配seasonand male paddy frogs are competing for the attention of the females.But it doesn't always pay to draw too much attention to yourself.The Chinese pond heron苍鹭is a pitiless predator食肉动物. (SQUAWKS)Even in the middle of a ploughed paddy field,nature is red in beak鸟喙and claw爪.This may look like a slaughter屠杀but as each heron can swallow only one frog at a time,the vast majority will escape to croak蛙鸣another day.Terraced paddies like those of the Yuanyang Countyare found across much of southern China.This whole vast landscape is dominated by rice cultivation.In hilly多小山的Guizhou Province,the Miao minority have developed a remarkable rice culture.With every inch of fertile肥沃的land given over to rice cultivation,the Miao build their wooden houseson the steepest and least productive hillsides山腰.In Chinese rural农村的life, everything has a use.Dried in the sun, manure肥料from the cow sheds棚will be used as cooking fuel.(WOMEN CHATTERING IN CHINESE)It's midday正午, and the Song familyare tucking into大吃a lunch of rice and vegetables.(SPEAKING IN CHINESE)Oblivious to the domestic家庭的chit-chat闲聊,Granddad Gu Yong Xiu has serious matters on his mind.Spring is the start of the rice growing season.The success of the crop作物will determine how well the family will eat next year, so planting at the right time is critical决定性的.The ideal date日期depends on what the weather will do this year,never easy to predict.But there is some surprising help at hand.On the ceiling of the Songs' living room, a pair of red-rumped尾的swallows, newly arrived from their winter migration,is busy fixing up last year's nest.In China, animals are valued as much for their symbolic meaningas for any good they may do.Miao people believe that swallow pairs remain faithful for life,so their presence is a favour恩惠and a blessing,bringing happiness to a marriage and good luck to a home.Like most Miao dwellings民居, the Songs' living room windowslook out over the paddy fields.From early spring, one of these windows is always left opento let the swallows come and go freely.Each year, granddad Gu notes注意/记录the exact day the swallows return.Miao people believe the birds' arrival predicts the timing时间安排of the season ahead.This year, they were late.So Gu and the other community elders have agreedthat rice planting should be delayed accordingly.As the Miao prepare their fields for planting,the swallows collect mud to repair their nestsand chase after insects across the newly ploughed paddies.Finally, after weeks of preparation,the ordained命令time for planting has arrived.But first the seedlings幼苗must be uprooted连根拔起from the nursery保育beds and bundled捆up ready to be transported to their new paddyhigher up the hillside.All the Songs' neighbours have turned out to help with the transplanting移栽.It's how the community has always worked.When the time comes, the Songs will return the favour.While the farmers are busy in the fields,the swallows fly back and forth with material for their nest.Many hands make light work.Planting the new paddy takes little more than an hour.Job done, the villagers can relax,at least until tomorrow.But for the nesting swallows, the work of raising a familyhas only just begun.In the newly planted fields, little egrets白鹭hunt for food.The rice paddies harbour tadpoles蝌蚪, fish and insectsand the egrets have chicks小鸟to feed.This colony(动/植物的)群体in Chongqing Province was established in 1996, when a few dozen birds built nests in the bamboo grove丛behind Yang Guang village.Believing they were a sign迹象of luck,local people initially protected the egrets and the colony grew.But their attitude changed when the head of the village fell ill.They blamed the birds and were all set to决心destroy their nests,when the local government stepped in干预to protect them.Bendy易弯的bamboo may not be the safest nesting place,but at least this youngster won't end up as someone's dinner.These chicks have just had an eel鳝鱼delivered by their mum,quite a challenge for little beaks.(CHIRPING鸣叫)Providing假如their colonies are protected,wading涉水birds like egrets are among the few wild creatureswhich benefit directly from intensive rice cultivation.Growing rice needs lots of water.But even in the rainy south,there are landscapes where water is surprisingly scarce.This vast area of southwest China,the size of France and Spain combined,is famous for its clusters群of conical圆锥体的hills,like giant upturned翻过来的egg cartons纸板盒, separated by dry empty valleys. This is the karst喀斯特, a limestone石灰石terrain地形which has become the defining image of southern China.Karst landscapes are often studded钉扣with rocky outcrops(岩石）露头, forcing local farmers to cultivate tiny fields.The people who live here are among the poorest in China.In neighbouring Yunnan Province,limestone rocks have taken over entirely.This is the famous Stone Forest,the product of countless years of erosion腐蚀,producing a maze迷宫of deep gullies小峡谷and sharp-edged pinnacles顶点. Limestone has the strange property性能that it dissolves in rainwater.Over many thousands of years water has corroded腐蚀its waydeep into the heart of the bedrock岩床/底itself.This natural wonder is a famous tourist spot,receiving close to two million visitors each year.The Chinese are fond of curiously-shaped rocksand many have been given fanciful想象的names.No prizes奖赏for guessing what this one is called!But there's more to this landscape than meets the eye.China has literally thousands of mysterious caverns洞穴concealed隐藏beneath the visible landscape of the karst.Much of this hidden world has never been seen by human eyesand is only just now being explored.(MAN SPEAKING CHINESE)For a growing band of intrepid勇敢的young Chinese explorers,caves represent the ultimate adventure.Exploring a cave is like taking a journey through time.A journey which endless raindrops will have followed over countless centuries. Fed by countless drips滴and trickles细流,the subterranean地下的river carves ever deeper into the rock.The cave river's course路线is channelled by the beds of limestone.A weakness in the rock can allow the riverto increase its gradient坡度and flow-rate,providing a real challenge for the cave explorers.The downward rush is halted when the water table is reached.Here the slow-flowing river carves tunnels地道with a more rounded profile轮廓. (MEN CHATTERING)This tranquil平静的world is home to specialised cave fishes,like the eyeless golden barb鱼钩.China may have more unique kinds of cave-evolved进化fishesthan anywhere else on earth.Above the water table,ancient caverns abandoned by the river slowly fill upwith stalactites钟乳石and stalagmites石笋.Stalactites form as trickling water deposits沉淀tiny quantities of rockover hundreds or thousands of years.Stalagmites grow up where lime-laden drips hit the cave floor.Oi!Whoo-hoo!So far, only a fraction片断of China's caves have been thoroughly prospected勘探and cavers are constantly discovering new subterranean marvels惊叹,many of which are subsequently接着developed into commercial show caves. Finally escaping the darkness,the cave river and its human explorers emerge in a valleyfar from where their journey began.For now, the adventure is over.Rivers which issue流出from cavesare the key to survival in the karst country.This vertical垂直的gorge峡谷in Guizhou Provinceis a focal焦点的point for the region's wildlife.This is one of the world's rarest primates,Frangois' langur长尾猴.In China they survive in just two southern provinces,Guizhou and Guangxi, always in rugged崎岖的limestone terrains.Like most monkeys, they are social creaturesand spend a great deal of time grooming梳理each other.Langurs are essentially本质上vegetarianwith a diet of buds叶芽, fruits and tender young leaves.Babies are born with ginger姜黄色的fur柔毛,which gradually turns black from the tail end.Young infants have a vice老虎钳-like grip, used to cling on to mum for dear life. As they get older, they get bolder and take more risks.Those that survive spend a lot of time travelling.The experienced adults know exactly where to find seasonal foodsin different parts of their range.In such steep terrain, travel involves a high level of climbing skill.These monkeys are spectacularly good rock climbersfrom the time they learn to walk.In langur society, females rule the roost栖息and take the lead when the family is on the move.One section of cliff悬崖oozes渗出a trickle of mineral-rich waterwhich the monkeys seem to find irresistible无法抗拒的.These days there are few predators in the Mayanghe Reserve自然保护区which might pose a risk to a baby monkey.But in past centuries, this area of south Chinawas home to leopards豹, pythons蟒蛇and even tigers.To survive dangerous night prowlers徘徊者, the langurs went underground, using their rock-climbing skills to seek shelter in inaccessible达不到的caverns. Filmed in near darkness using a night vision camera,the troop群clambers along familiar ledges岩架worn smooth by generations before them.During cold winter weather, the monkeys venture冒险deeper underground where the air stays comparatively相对地warm.At last, journey's end.A cosy niche壁龛beyond the reach of even the most enterprising有进取心的predator.But it's not just monkeys that find shelter in caves.These children are off to school.In rural China that may mean a long trek长途跋涉each morning,passing through a cave or two on the way.But not all pupils have to walk to school.These children are boarders寄宿者.(LAUGHING)As the day pupils near journey's end,the boarders are still making breakfast.In the schoolyard, someone seems to have switched开/关the lights off.But this is no ordinary playground, and no ordinary school.It's housed inside a cave!A natural vault穴of rock keeps out the rainso there's no need for a roof on the classroom.Zhongdong cave school is made up of six classes,with a total of 200 children.As well as the school, the cave houses 18 families,together with their livestock家畜.(COW MOOING哞哞叫)These could be the only cave-dwelling cows on earth.(PIG SQUEALS长而尖地叫)With schoolwork over, it's playtime at last.In southern China, caves aren't just used for shelter,they can be a source of revenue收入for the community.People have been visiting this cave for generations.The cave floor is covered in guano（海）鸟粪,so plentiful that 10 minutes' work can fill these farmer's baskets.It's used as a valuable source of fertilizer肥料.A clue to the source of the guano can be heard above the noise of the river.The sound originates high up in the roof of the cave.The entrance is full of swifts雨燕.They're very sociable birds.More than 200,000 of them share this cavein southern Guizhou Province, the biggest swift colony in China.These days, Chinese house swifts mostly nest in the roofs of buildings,but rock crevices裂缝like these were their original home,long before houses were invented.Though the swifts depend on the cave for shelter,they never stray走失further than the limits of daylight,as their eyes can't see in the dark.However, deep inside the cavern,other creatures are better equipped for subterranean life.A colony of bats is just waking up,using ultrasonic超声波的squeaks to orientate定位themselves in the darkness. Night is the time to go hunting.Rickett's mouse-eared bat is the only bat in Asiawhich specialises in catching fishes,tracking them down from the sound reflection of ripples涟漪on the water surface.This extraordinary behaviourwas only discovered in the last couple of years,and has never been filmed before.If catching fish in the dark is impressive,imagine eating a slippery minnow鲦鱼with no hands while hanging upside down. Dawn over the karst hills of Guilin.These remarkable hills owe their peculiar shapesto the mildly acid waters of the Li River,whose meandering蜿蜒而行course over eons千万年of timehas corroded away their bases until only the rocky cores remain.The Li is one of the cleanest rivers in China,a favourite spot for fishermen with their trained cormorants鸬鹚.(SPEAKING IN CHINESE)The men, all called Huang, come from the same village.Now in their 70s and 80s, they've been fishermen all their lives.Before they release the birds, they tie a noose绳套loosely松散地around the neck to stop them swallowing any fish they may catch.(SPLASHING溅泼)Chanting反复有节奏的喊叫and dancing,the Huangs encourage their birds to take the plunge.Underwater, the cormorant's hunting instinct本能kicks in生效,turning them into fish-seeking missiles导弹.(CHANTING)Working together, a good cormorant teamcan catch a couple of dozen decent-sized fish in a morning.(FISHERMEN EXCLAIMING呼喊)The birds return to the raft with their fishbecause they've been trained to do so.From the time it first hatched孵出, each of these cormorants has been reared养to a life of obedience顺从to its master.The birds are, in effect, slaves.But they're not stupid.It's said that cormorants can keep a tally记分of the fish they catch,at least up to seven.So unless they get a reward now and then they simply withdraw their labour.The fishermen, of course, keep the best fish for themselves.The cormorants get the leftover tiddlers小鱼儿.With its collar项圈removed, the bird at last can swallow its prize.Best of all, one it isn't meant to have!(FISHERMAN SHOUTING)These days, competition from modern fishing techniquesmeans the Huangs can't make a livingfrom traditional cormorant fishing alone.And this 1,300-year-old traditionis now practised mostly to entertain tourists.But on Caohai Lake in nearby Guizhou Province,an even more unusual fishing industry is alive and well.Geng Zhong Sheng is on his way to set out his nets for the night.Geng's net is a strange tubular管状的contraption奇妙的装置with a closed-off end. More than a hundred fishermen make their living from the lake.Its mineral-rich waters are highly productive,and there are nets everywhere.The next morning, Geng returns with his son to collect his catch.(SPEAKING CHINESE)At first sight, it looks disappointing.Tiny fishes, lots of shrimps, and some wriggling蠕动bugs.Geng doesn't seem too downhearted情绪低沉的.The larger fish are kept alive,the only way they'll stay fresh in the heat.Surprisingly, some of the bugs are also singled挑选(一个) out for special treatment. They're the young stage of dragonflies,predators that feed on worms and tadpoles.Nowhere else in the world are dragonfly nymphs少女harvested like this.Back home, Geng spreads his catch on the roof to dry.This being China, nothing edible will be wasted.There's a saying in the far south,"We will eat anything with legs except a table,"and anything with wings except a plane."Within a few hours, the dried insects are ready to be bagged upand taken to market.It's the dragonfly nymphs that fetch到达the best price.Fortunately, Caohai's dragonflies are abundant and fast-breeding.So Geng and his fellow fishermenhave so far had little impact on their numbers.But not all wildlife is so resilient适应力强的.(MONKS CHANTING)This Buddhist temple near Shanghai has an extraordinary story attached to it. In May 2007, a <Wild China> camera teamfilmed this peculiar Swinhoe黄嘴's turtle in the temple's fish pond. According to the monks, the turtle had been given to the templeduring the Ming dynasty, over 400 years ago.It was thought to be the oldest animal on earth.Soft-shelled turtles are considered a gourmet美食家delicacy佳肴by many Chinese,and when it was filmed,this was one of just three Swinhoe's turtles left alive in China,the rest of its kind having been rounded up聚拢and eaten.Sadly, just a few weeks after filming,this ancient creature died.The remaining individuals of its species are currently kept in separate zoos and Swinhoe's turtle is now reckoned认为extinct in the wild.In fact, most of the 25 types of freshwater turtles in Chinaare now vanishingly rare.The answer to extinction is protection.And there is now a growing network网络of nature reservesthroughout southern China.Of these, the Tianzi Mountain Reserve at Zhangjiajie is perhapsthe most visited by Chinese nature lovers,who come to marvel惊叹at the gravity-defying landscapeof soaring sandstone pinnacles顶点.Winding between Zhangjiajie's peaks, crystal clear mountain streamsare home to what is perhaps China's strangest creature.This bizarre animal is a type of newt蝾螈,the Chinese giant salamander蝾螈.In China it is known as the baby fishbecause when distressed痛苦it makes a sound like a crying infant.It grows up to a metre and a half long,making it the world's largest amphibian两栖动物.Under natural conditions, a giant salamander may live for decades.But like so many Chinese animals, it is considered delicious to eat.Despite being classed as a protected species,giant salamanders are still illegally sold for foodand the baby fish is now rare and endangered in the wild.Fortunately, in a few areas like Zhangjiajie,giant salamanders still survive under strict official protection.The rivers of Zhangjiajie flow north east into the Yangtze floodplain,known as The Land of Fish and Rice.On an island in a lake in Anhui Province,a dragon is stirring.This is the ancestral祖先的home of China's largest and rarest reptile爬行动物, a creature of mystery and legend.Dragon eggs are greatly prized.These babies need to hatch孵出out quick!It would seem someone is on their trail踪迹.For a helpless baby reptile,imprisoned in a leathery membrane薄膜inside a chalky钙质的shell,the process of hatching is a titanic struggle.And time is running out.(CHIRPING啾啾声)It's taken two hoursfor the little dragon to get its head out of the egg.It needs to gather its strength now,for one final, massive push.Free at last,the baby Chinese alligators短吻鳄instinctively head upwardstowards the surface of the nest and the waiting outside world. (CHATTERING喋喋不休)But the visitors are not what they seem.(BOTH SPEAKING CHINESE)She Shizhen and her son live nearby.She has been caring for her local alligators for over 20 years,so she had a fair idea when the eggs were likely to hatch.Back home, she's built a pond surrounded by netting to keep out predators, where her charges管理will spend the next six monthsuntil they're big enough to fend照料for themselves.For the past 20 years,small-scale conservation projects like thisare all that have kept China's 150 wild alligators from extinction.Just south of the alligator country,dawn breaks over a very different landscape.The 1,800-metre-high granite花岗岩peaks of the Huangshan or Yellow Mountain. To the Chinese, Huangshan's pines epitomise化身the strength and resilience适应力of nature.Some of these trees are thought to be over 1,000 years old.Below the granite peaks,steep forested森林的valleys shelter surprising inhabitants居民.Huangshan macaques猕猴, rare descendants后代of the Tibetan macaques of western China,are unique to these mountain valleyswhere they enjoy strict official protection.(SCREECHING尖叫)After a morning spent in the treetops,the troop is heading for the shade of the valley.A chance for the grown-ups to escape the heatand maybe pick up a lunch snack from the stream.As in most monkey societies,social contact involves a lot of grooming.Grooming is all very well for grown-ups,but young macaques have energy to burn.(SCREECHING)Like so much monkey business,what starts off as a bit of playful rough-and-tumble扭打,soon begins to get out of hand.The alpha male男一号has seen it all before.He's not in the least bothered.But someone, or something, is watching,with a less than friendly interest.The Chinese moccasin大毒蛇is an ambush埋伏predator with a deadly bite. This is one of China's largest and most feared venomous有毒的snakes.But the monkeys have lived alongside these dangerous serpents大毒蛇for thousands of years.(MONKEYS SCREECHING)They use this specific alarm call to warn each otherwhenever a snake is spotted认出.Once its cover is blown, the viper毒蛇poses no threat to the monkeys,now safe in the treetops.And life soon returns to normal.By late summer, the rice fields of southern China have turned to gold.The time has come to bring in the harvest.Nowadays, modern high-yield产量很高的strainsare grown throughout much of the rice lands,boosted by chemical fertilizers and reaped收割by combine harvesters.。
Wild China1-12美丽中国中英文字幕
Beneath billowing clouds, 在翻騰的雲霧之下 3 in China's far southwestern Yunnan province, 處在中國西南邊境的雲南省 4 lies a place of mystery and legend. 是個充滿神秘與傳奇的地方 5 Of mighty rivers and some of the oldest jungles in the world. 這裏有浩瀚的河川及世上年代最悠久的森林 6 Here, hidden valleys nurture strange and unique creatures, 隱密的溪谷培育出不可思議及罕見珍奇的生物7 and colorful tribal cultures. 和多采多姿的民族文化8 Jungles are rarely found this far north of the tropics. 離熱帶地區這麼遠的北邊森林是很罕見的景觀9 So, why do they thrive here? 那麼此區為何會有茂盛的森林？10 And how has this rugged landscape come to harbor the greatest natural wealth in all China? 這麼惡劣的地理環境是如何庇護全中國最重要的自然資源？14 In the remote southwest corner of China, 在中國西南方的偏僻角落一個慶典即將舉行15 a celebration is about to take place. 16 Dai people collect water for the most important festival of their year. 傣人為他們一年中最重要的節慶取水17 The Dai call themselves the people of the water. 傣族人自稱為水鄉之人18 Yunnan's river valleys have been their home for over 2,000 years. 兩千多年來他們一直以雲南的河谷為家19 By bringing the river water to the temple, 他們將河水帶到佛寺20 they honor the two things holiest to them -以河水浴佛來體現他們認為最神聖的兩件事21 Buddhism and their home. 佛教與家庭23 The Dai give thanks for the rivers and fertile lands which have nurtured their culture. 傣族以此敬謝河川與良地豐富了他們的文化與生活25 Though to some it might seem just an excuse for the biggest water fight of all time. 也許對某些人來說這個潑水儀式只是藉口讓他們打場最過癮的水戰27 Dai lives are changing as towns get bigger and modernize 由於城鎮的擴大及都市化傣族的生活形態正逐漸改變28 but the Water Splashing Festivals still celebrated by all. 但大家仍會慶祝潑水節29 The rivers which lie at the heart of Dai life and culture 河川深深影響傣族的生活和文化30 flow from the distant mountains of Tibet, 河流源自遙遠的西藏高山31 southward through central Yunnan in great parallel gorges. 往南流經雲南中部穿越重重的巨大峽谷32 The Dai now live in the borders of tropical Vietnam and Laos, 如今傣族居住在鄰近越南與泰國的熱帶地區33 but their legends tell of how their ancestors came here 但他們的傳奇故事敍述了祖先如何沿著河流34 by following the rivers from mountain land sin the cold far north. 從遙遠寒冷的北方高地來到這裏35 Lying at the far eastern end of the Himalayas, 橫斷山脈位於喜瑪拉雅山最東邊36 the Hengduan mountains form Yunnan's northern border with Tibet. 是雲南北方與西藏的邊界37 Kawakarpo, crown of the Hengduan range,is a site of holy pilgrimage. 橫斷山脈的頂峰卡瓦格博雪山是朝聖的聖地38 Yet, its formidable peak remains unconquered. 然而它令人畏懼的山頂至今無人能征服39 Yunnan's mountains are remote,rugged and inaccessible. 雲南群山偏僻、崎嶇，人類很難接近40 Here the air is thin and temperatures can drop below minus 40 degrees. 這裏的空氣稀薄溫度能降到零下40度42 This is home to an animal that's found nowhere else on Earth. 但地球上有某種動物卻只生活在這裏43 The Yunnan snub-nosed monkey.雲南金絲猴44 It's found only in these few isolated mountain forests. 它們只在這些孤立的山林出沒45 No other primate lives at such high altitudes. 沒有其他的靈長類動物能居住在這麼高的海拔46 but these are true specialists.它們是真正的專家47 These ancient mountain dwellers have inspired legends.這些古老的山居動物造就許多傳奇故事48 Local Lisu people consider them their ancestors, 俚索族視它們為自己的祖先50 calling them "the wild men of the mountains".稱它們為山中野人51 During heavy snowfalls,even these specialists cannot feed.遇上大雪時期就連這些森林專家也無法覓食52 It seems a strange place for a monkey.這對猴子來說似乎是個奇怪的居住地53 Between snows, the monkeys waste no time in their search for food.雪一停歇，這些猴子立刻把握時間去尋找食物54 At this altitude,there are few fruits or tender leaves to eat. 在這高度很少有果子及嫩葉可吃56 90% of their diet is made up of the fine dry wisps of a curious organism. 它們九成的食物來自一種很像束狀乾草的奇怪有機物體58 Half fungus, half plant -it's lichen. 半菌半植物的地衣59 How have monkeys,normally associated with lowland jungle, 按理該住在低地森林的猴子60 come to live such are mote mountain existence? 怎麼會跑來住在偏遠的山區？61 This is not the only remarkable animal found within these isolated high peaks. 在這些孤絕的高峰之中還有更多奇特的動物62 A Chinese red panda. 一隻中國紅色熊貓63 Solitary and quiet, it spends much of its time in the tree tops. 生性安靜獨居大部份的時間都在樹上64 Despite its name, 不管其名65 the red panda is only a very distant relative of the giant panda. 紅色熊貓只是大熊貓的遠親66 It's actually more closely related to a skunk. 它跟臭鼬反而有較近的血緣關係67 But it does share the giant panda's taste for bamboo. 但它確實跟大熊貓一樣喜歡吃竹葉68 Southwest China's red pandas are known for their very strong facial markings 中國西南方的紅色熊貓以明顯的臉部斑紋聞名69 which distinguish them from red pandas found anywhere else in the Himalayas. 這和其他生活在喜馬拉雅山的紅色熊貓大不相同70 Like the monkeys, they were isolated in these high forests 就像金絲猴一樣它們也被孤立在這些高海拔森林71 when the mountains quite literally rose beneath them 這是因為近代地質史上的造山運動72 in the greatest mountain-building event in recent geological history. 將它們腳下的山地整個托起拔高73 Over the last 30 million years, 在過去三千萬年74 the Indian subcontinent has been pushing northwards into Eurasia. 印度板塊一直向北推擠歐亞大陸板塊75 On the border between India and Tibet 位於西藏與印度邊界的岩石76 the rocks have been raised eight kilometers above sea level, 已經被推升到高達海平面8公里77 creating the world's highest mountain range, the Himalayas. 造就出世上最高的喜馬拉雅山脈78 But to the east, 但往東方看去79 the rocks have buckled into a series of steep north-south ridges, 連綿的山岩形成南北向的懸崖峭壁80 cutting down through the heart of Yunnan, 直接深入雲南中心81 the parallel mountains of the Hengduan Shan. 平行的橫斷山脈82 These natural barriers serve to isolate Yunnan's plants and animals 這些天然屏障阻絕了雲南境內的動植物互通有無83 in each adjacent valley. 每個山谷幾乎都自成一區84 While the huge temperature range between the snowy peaks 這裏的溫差很大，上面是積雪的山峰85 and the warmer slopes below 下方是溫暖的緩坡86 provides a vast array of conditions for life to thrive. 氣候的多元性讓各種生命得以欣欣向榮87 Through spring, 整個春季88 the Hengduan slopes stage one of China's greatest natural spectacles. 橫斷山脈的山坡呈現中國最壯觀的自然風光89 The forests here are among the most diverse botanical areas in the world. 這裏的森林蘊藏全世界最豐富的植物品種90 Over 18,000 plant species grow here, 1萬8千多種植物有3千種是其他地區沒有的91 of which 3,000 are found nowhere else. 92 Until little more than a century ago,this place was unknown outside China.還不到一百年前這裏是不為外界所知的93 But then news reached the West但後來消息傳到西方94 of a mysterious, hidden world of the orient.原來東方還有這麼一個神秘、不為人知的世界95 Hidden among the mountains,a lost Shangri-la paradise.隱藏在群山中的世外桃源96 Western high society, in the grip of a gardening craze,西方上流社會的園藝熱潮97 was eager for exotic species from faraway places.讓他們渴望遙遠國度的奇花異草98 This gave rise to a new breed of celebrity adventurers,引領新一代的名人探險風99 intrepid botanist-explorers known as "the Plant Hunters".大膽的植物學家勘探者亦稱為植物獵人100 Yunnan became their Holy Grail.雲南成了他們的聖杯101 Indiana Jones The most famous was Joseph Rock,a real life Indiana Jones.最出名的是喬瑟夫拉克現實生活中的印第安那鐘斯102 Remarkable film footage captured his entourage on a series of expeditions, 卓越的記錄片記錄他和同伴一系列的遠征104 as they pushed into the deepest corners of Yunnan. 進入雲南最深的角落105 In glorious color he recorded the plant life he found 他用特別照相玻璃板106 on special photographic glass plates. 記錄五彩繽紛的植物107 Sending thousands of specimens back to the West, 把數千種樣本送回西方108 the Plant Hunters changed the gardens of the world forever. 植物獵人一舉改變了世界的花園109 Rock's success was born of a massive effort. 拉克的成功來自他的努力以赴110 For, to find his Shangri-la, 為了找到香格里拉111 not only had he to travers eendless mountain ranges, 他不只橫越數不清的山脈112 but some of the deepest gorges in the world. 還跨越一些世上最深的峽谷113 The Nujiang is called The Angry River. 怒江被稱之為忿怒的河流114 This 300-kilometre stretch of raging rapids 這條300公里的湍急河流115 is as much a barrier to life as are the mountains above. 如上述的山脈一樣成為許多生物的屏障116 WAVES CRASH 117 But the plant hunters weren't the first people to travel here. 但是植物獵人不是最早到此地的人118 Along the Nujiang,沿著怒江119 less than 30 rope crossings allow locals passage across the torrents.會發現不到30條的繩子吊索讓當地人渡過洪流120 Tiny hamlets cling to the slopes.小小村莊緊帖著山坡地121 This morning, it's market day,今早是市集日122 drawing people from up and down the valley.山坡上下的居民紛紛出門123 PIG OINKS 124 GOAT BLEATS 125 Hanging from simple rope slings,吊在吊索上126 people have been using the crossings for many hundreds of years. 這已是人們幾百年渡江的老辦法127 In such narrow, precipitous gorges在這麼狹窄的險峻峭壁128 it's by far the easiest way to get around.這是最容易的交通方式129 Once across, the steep sides mean it's still a hike.一旦渡過陡峭的山坡意味著還有一段徒步130 Many trek for hours by foot before they get to the market. 許多人要徒步幾個小時才到市場131 The immense valley is home to over a dozen ethnic groups. 這無邊無際的山谷聚集超過12個少數民族132 Some, like the Nu people,are found only here.像怒族就只生活在此區133 The markets bring the mountain tribes together.市集讓山上的族群聚在一起134 To continue his expeditions, 為了繼續探險135 Rock had to get his entire entourage across the giant Yunnan rivers. 拉克必須讓全隊通過浩瀚的雲南大河136 He commissioned especially thick ropes made from forest rattan 他以樹藤做的粗繩為輔137 and filmed the entire event. 並拍攝整個過程138 With yak butter to smooth the ride,40 men and 15 mules made the journey. 利用犛牛油使過程平順40個人及15只騾上路了139 Not all made it across. 並不是每個人都過140 On the far side of the great Nujiang gorge, 在怒江峽谷遙遠的另一邊141 the Plant Hunters made a remarkable discovery. 植物獵人有個很棒的發現142 Far from thetropics, 雖然遠離熱帶143 they seemed to be entering a steamy,vibrant tropical jungle, 他們似乎進入了充滿蒸氣與生氣的熱帶雨林144 the forest of Gaoligongshan. 高黎貢山的森林145 The flora here is unlike anywhere else in the world. 這裏的植物不像世界其他地方146 Next to subtropical species,alpine plants grow in giant form. 緊臨亞熱帶植物的是生長茂盛的高山區植物147 Crowning the canopy, rhododendrons,up to 30 meters high. 萬綠森中點點紅那是高達30公尺的杜鵑花148 In April and May, their flowers turn the forests ruby red, 杜鵑花在4、5月染紅翠綠的森林149 attracting bird species found only here. 150 吸引只在此地生長的鳥類151 Constant moisture in the air means that the branches are laden with flowering epiphytes, 空氣中充滿了濕氣152 樹枝開滿美麗的花朵153 fiercely guarded by tiny sun birds,unique to these valleys. 山谷有種獨特的小太陽鳥極力保護這些花森154 Nectar feeders, these are the hummingbirds of the Old World tropics. 它們採集花蜜155 這些蜂鳥穿梭在東方世界的熱帶地區156 The forests of Gaoligongshan are home to some of China's rarest wildlife. 高黎貢山的森林有許多中國最罕見的珍禽異獸157 This is a female Temminck's Tragopan. 這是母的紅腹角雉158 She has a colorful male admirer. 它的愛慕者鮮豔奪目159 He's hoping to woo her with his peculiar peekaboo display 希望以獨特的偷窺方式贏得佳人芳心160 but she's not about to be rushed. 但母雉不急著表態161 His colorful skin wattle reflects more light than feathers do. 公雉鮮豔的肉垂比羽毛還亮眼162 To her, this is like a neon sign. 對母雉來說就像個霓虹燈163 Seeing his chance,the male makes his move. 公雉看到機會馬上行動164 Constant moisture in the Gaoligongshan forests 高黎貢山森林的濕氣165 means that throughout the year there are always fruits on the trees. 讓樹木終年結實累累166 Such abundance of food encourages a high diversity of fruit eaters 167 豐沛的食物遠勝於一般熱帶林地168 more commonly found in the tropics. 所以也聚集各式各樣的食果動物169 The black giant squirrel is found only in undisturbed rain forest. 巨松鼠只生活在這片原始的雨林170 At close to a metre in length, it' sone of the world's largest squirrels. 它長達1尺171 是世上最大的松鼠172 The mystery is that these forests are growing well outside the tropics. 奇怪的是這些森林竟在熱帶地區以外茂盛生長173 By rights, none of this jungle,or its animals, should be here. 按理說這些森林和動物不應該在此174 These are bear macaques. 這是熊猴175 They're found only in tropical and sub-tropical jungle. 只居住在熱帶及亞熱帶森林176 With a tiny home range of just a few square kilometers, 生活範圍只有幾平方公里177 they depend on the abundant fruit 它們需要進食大量果子178 that only true rain forests can provide all year round. 只有真正的雨林才能終年提供如此數量179 To the European plant hunters, 對於歐洲的植物獵人來說這些北方的雨林180 these northern rain forests must have seemed a fantastic and mysterious lost world. 181 簡直就像奇幻神秘的遺忘世界182 Yet, when they came here, they would have found beautifully constructed ancient stone pathways 但當他們到此183 卻發現精心鋪設的古老石路184 on which the forest could be explored. 已經伸入森林之中185 Winding westwards into the hills, 蜿蜒通往西邊山坡186 these were once some of the most important highways in Asia, 這曾經是亞洲最重要的公路187 the southwestern tea and silk road. 西南方的茶與絲路188 Built thousands of years ago, 這條西南茶絲之路建於幾千年前189 the southwestern tea and silk road gave access to the world beyond China's borders, 190 連接中國和境外的世界191 carrying tradesmen and travelers fromas far away as Rome. 帶來遠自羅馬的商人及旅客192 Wars were fought over access to this tiny path, 過去為了爭奪這條小路引發不少戰爭193 the only sure route in or out of China, 畢竟這是唯一得以進出中國194 that was guaranteed to be clear of snow all year round. 又保證終年無雪的通道195 So, what causes Gaoligongshan's strange and remarkable climate? 是什麼造成高黎貢山奇怪又獨特的氣候？196 In late May, gusts of wind arrive, 5月下旬的強勁季風197 bringing with them the key to Gaoligongshan's mystery. 足以解開高黎貢山的神秘面紗198 The winds are hot and saturated with water. 風很熱而且充滿了水份199 They come all the way from the Indian Ocean. 一路從印度洋吹來200 Channeled by Yunnan's unique geography, 因雲南獨特的縱谷地形201 they bring with them the moisture of the tropical monsoon. 帶來熱帶梅雨季節的濕氣202 The giant river valleys,created millions of years ago, 幾百萬年前形成的高山縱穀203 act like immense funnels. 就像是巨大的漏斗204 The gorges are so deep and narrow, 這些溪穀又深又窄205 that the moist warm air is driven right up into the north of Yunnan. 促使濕暖空氣直接進入雲南北部206 The result is rain, in torrents! 結果是大雨如注！207 Four months of daily rainstorms sustain luxuriant vegetation. 連續4個月的暴雨讓植物茂盛生長208 The arrival of the monsoon 梅雨季節的來臨喚醒209 awakens one of the forest's most extraordinary moisture-loving inhabitants. 森林中最愛濕氣的動物210 The crocodile newt is one of the most unusual of the many amphibian species found here. 鱷魚蠑是一種兩棲動物211 也是其他地方找不到的奇特生物212 As the rains arrive,they emerge to mate. 當梅雨降臨，蠑螈開始交配213 The newts are said to leave an odour trail that potential mates can follow. 據說它們會留下氣味蹤跡214 讓未來的伴侶得以尋跡而至215 The crocodile newt gets its name from the bumps along its back. 鱷魚蠑因背部的突起而得名216 These are its defense. 那是它的防禦系統217 If grabbed by a potential predator, 如果被潛伏的食肉動物抓住218 the tips of its ribs squeeze a deadly poison from the bumps. 肋骨的尖端就會從凸塊釋放致命毒液219 The deluge wakes another forest inhabitant. 洪水喚醒另一個森林居住者220 This one is particularly astounding in its vigor! 它有特別驚人的活力！221 It can grow up to a meter day, 一天能長1公尺222 fast overtaking the other plants around it. 很快就追上周遭的植物223 The taller it grows,the faster its growth rate, 它長得越高，生長速度就越快224 so that in a matter of days it towers above the undergrowth, 所以一天之內就比矮樹森高225 and continues reaching for the sky. 繼續朝天空發展226 Not bad for what is essentially a grass. 對禾本科植物來說這樣的速度還不賴227 It's bamboo. 這就是竹子！228 Given the chance, 如果有機會竹子會發展成很大的林子229 bamboo will create immense forests,dominating entire areas. 230 佔領整個區域231 Bamboo forests occur across southwest China, 竹林主要生長在中國西南方232 all the way to Shanghai. 一直到上海233 But probably the highest diversity of bamboos in the world 但世界上竹子種類最多的地方234 is found on the hills and valleys of Yunnan. 還是在雲南的山谷235 Though incredibly strong,bamboos have hollow stems, 雖然竹子很堅韌，但中心是空的236 a perfect shelter for any creatures which can find a way in. 對任何能找到方法進入的生物是最佳的庇護所237 This entrance hole was made by a beetle 入口是被甲蟲弄的238 but it's being used by a very different animal. 但卻被完全不同的動物所使用239 A bamboo bat. 竹蝙蝠！240 The size of a bumblebee, it's one of the tiniest mammals inthe world. 如蜜蜂的大小241 是世上最小的哺乳動物242 The entire colony, up to 25 bats, 整群可住到25只243 fits into a single section of bamboo stem, smaller than a tea cup. 通通擠入一段竹節裏244 比茶杯小245 It's quite a squeeze! 還蠻會擠的！246 Half the colony are babies. 一半都是幼獸247 Though barely a week old, they are already almost as big as their mums. 雖然只有一個星期大248 它們已經跟媽媽一樣大249 Feeding such a fast-growing brood is hard work. 養一窩生長如此迅速的孩子實在很辛苦250 The mums leave to hunt just after dusk each night. 蝙蝠媽媽每天傍晚後出去獵食251 Back in the roost,the young are left on their own. 寶寶被留在竹節的窩巢裏252 Special pads on their wings help them to grip on the bamboo walls -翅膀上的肉趾幫助它們緊緊抓住竹壁253 most of the time. 但偶爾還是會失足254 The young bats use the extra space to prepare for a life on the wing 幼蝙蝠利用多餘的空間255 用喙理毛及伸展它們的翅膀為飛行做準備256 by preening and stretching. 257 Packed in like sardines, they would make an easy target for a snake. 它們擠得像沙丁魚258 很容易成為蛇類覬覦的目標259 But the snake has no chance of getting in. 但是蛇沒機會進入260 The entrance is thinner than the width of a pencil. 入口的大小比鉛筆還細261 When the mothers return, 當母蝙蝠回巢後262 they can push through the narrow entrance only because of their unusually flattened skulls. 它們能擠過那窄小的門263 因為它們有特殊的扁骨架264 But it's still a squeeze. 但還是需要擠一下265 Bamboos are exploited in a very different way by another forest dweller. 另外一群森林居民266 以不同方式善用竹林267 Fresh bamboo shoots are an important forest crop. 新鮮竹筍是森林重要產物268 Ai Lao Xiang is of the Hani tribe, 謝阿泰來自梅山的哈尼族269 from the mountain village of Mengsong. 270 Roasted, the tender shoots he gathers will make a tasty dish. 採集的竹筍在烤過會很好吃271 The Hani have many uses for the different bamboos they grow and find in the forest around. 哈尼族懂得物盡其用272 對野生和自種的竹有不同的處置273 Though flexible enough to be woven, 雖然竹子柔軟到可以編織274 bamboo has a higher tensile strength than steel. 但它比鐵有更強的韌性275 Succulent when young, 幼筍鮮美多汁成熟的竹子牢固耐用276 in maturity it's tough and durable,ideal for making a table 277 做成桌子最理想了278 and strong enough for a pipe to last a lifetime. 279 做出煙管一輩子也不會壞280 The people of southwest China 中國西南方的人們發明許多非凡的方法281 have found an extraordinary number of ways to exploit this most versatile of plants. 282 來利用這多用途的植物283 THEY SPEAK IN NATIVE LANGUAGE 284 Part of bamboo's phenomenal success 竹子這麼厲害有部份原因是285 is that it's so tough that few animals can tackle it. 很少動物能突破它的堅韌286 Yet, bamboo does come under attack. 但是竹子還是會被攻擊287 A bamboo rat. 竹鼠288 Feeding almost exclusively on bamboo, 專門吃竹子289 they live their entire lives in tunnels beneath the forest. 它們一生都住在森林底下的隧道290 The thinner species of bamboo are easy to attack and pull below. 越細小的竹科越容易被攻擊然後被拉到地下291 She has a fantastic sense of smell 它的嗅覺非常靈敏292 and can sniff out the fresh growth through the soil. 能在土裏嗅出新生竹293 Bamboo spreads along underground stems. 竹子是由地底紮根而生294 By following these, new shoots are found. 隨根部就能找到新生筍295 Once a shoot is detected, 一旦筍子被發現296 she snips it free and drag sit down into her burrow. 它馬上咬斷拖到洞穴裏297 This female has a family. 這只母鼠有家累298 At just a few weeks old, 只有幾個禮拜大299 the youngsters can already tacklethe hardest bamboo stems 這些幼鼠已經能應付最硬的竹莖300 and are eager to try. 還很樂意去試301 Bamboo's tough reputation is such, 竹子以過人的韌性聞名另一位專家因為能啃食竹子302 that another bamboo specialist was known by the Chinese as,"The Iron Eating Animal". 303 被中國人稱為食鐵動物304 The giant panda is famous for its exclusive diet. 大熊貓是以專吃竹子而出名的305 Giant pandas are thought to have originated in southwest China, millions of years ago, 據說幾百萬年前306 起源于中國西南方307 but they are no longer found in Yunnan. 但如今在雲南已經找不到了308 Recently, their specialized diet has had dire consequences. 最近它們偏愛的食物呈現緊迫的狀態309 Bamboo has a bizarre life cycle, 竹子的生命週期很特別310 flowering infrequently, sometime sonly once every hundred years or so. 不常開花311 有時一百年才一次312 But when flowering does occur,it's on a massive scale, 但一旦開花，就會大規模盛開313 and it's followed by the death of all of the plants. 最後整株死亡314 Sometimes an entire bamboo forest may die. 有時整片竹林都死了315 In undisturbed habitat, pandas simply move to another area 在不受干擾的生態區熊貓只要遷移到另一區就好了316 where a different bamboo species grows. 那裏還有不同的竹子317 But as human activity has fragmented their forest home, 但人類的活動已截斷它們的棲息地318 pandas find it increasingly hard to find large enough areas in which to survive. 熊貓越來越難找到足夠的活動範圍生存319 Wild pandas are now found only in the forests of Central China, 現在只有中國的中部還能找到野生熊貓320 far to the east. 離東部已經很遠了321 But in the hidden pockets of lowland jungle in Yunnan's tropical south, 但在低地森林隱密的地區322 在雲南的熱帶南區323 live one of China' s best-kept wildlife secrets. 還秘密藏著一種野生動物324 DEEP BELLOW 325 The wild Asian elephant. 野生亞洲大象326 Elephants once roamed across China as far north as Beijing. 大象曾經遍及中國最北甚至遠及北京327 But it's only in the hidden valleys of Yunnan that they have survived. 但現在只生活在雲南隱密的山谷中328 Elephants are the architects of the forest. 大象是森林的建築師329 Bamboos and grasses are their favorite food 竹子跟草是它們最愛吃的食物330 but saplings, tree leaves and twisted lianas are all taken, with little care. 但幼樹、樹葉及藤蔓植物331 也會被它們一併拔起332 As they move through the forest, 當它們穿越森林333 the elephants open up clearings,bringing light to the forest floor. 等於辟清一些空地讓陽光照入森林的地面334 This has a major impact on their home. 這對此區生態有很大的影響335 The richest forests are now known tobe those which from time to time experience change. 最豐饒的森林是那些336 不時在變化的森林337 The Ji nuo people are incredibly knowledgeable about their forests 基諾族對他們的森林幾乎無所不知338 and claim to have uses for most of the plants that they find there. 聲稱他們認識大多數植物也都知道各自用法339 They have names for them all, 他們替每種植物起名字340 those good for eating and some which even have strong medicinal qualities. 這些很好吃341 有些有很強的藥效342 By working here, the Jinou play a similar role to the elephants, 在這裏工作343 基諾族與大象有異曲同工之效344opening up the forest,bringing space, light and diversity. 清除森林，帶來空間、光與多元化345 Green, fast growing species are encouraged. 所以此區的綠色植物能快速成長346 Insects are in high abundance here, 昆蟲在這裏也很多347 together with the animals that feed on them. 以昆蟲為食的動物自然也多348 Knowledge of the forest enables the Jinou to find not just plants, 身為森林通的基諾族不但能找到植物349 but other tasty forest food too. 還有其他美味的食物350 Forest crabs are common here,feeding on the abundant leaf litter. 森林蟹在這很常見它們以枯枝落葉為食物351 This will be a tasty addition to the evening meal. 這會是晚餐美味的佳餚352 Flowing through Yunnan's southern valleys, 流過雲南南方山谷353 the once angry rivers are now swollen, 曾經湍急的怒江如今進入寬廣的區域354 their waters slow and warm. 水流變得緩慢溫和355 These fertile lowland valleys are the home of the Dai. 這些低地水域是傣族的家356 The "People of the Water" 他們沿著溪流而居357 live along streams which originate in the surrounding hills. 這些溪流源自周遭的山地358 Each family keeps a kitchen garden 每戶人家都有菜圃359 modeled on the multi-layered structure of the surrounding forests, 是依周遭森林地形而建的多層次建築360 which the Dai hold sacred. 傣族相當崇敬這片森林361 The gardens are made more productive by inter-planting different crops. 菜圃因交叉耕作而產量增加362 Tall, sun-loving species give shelter to plants which thrive in the shade. 喜日曬的高品種給予喜陰暗的植物遮蔽所363 As companions,the plants grow better. 混合種植讓蔬果長得更好364 Yunnan's forests are home to more than a dozen wild banana species 雲南的森林有超過12種野生香蕉品種365 and banana crops grow well in most Dai gardens. 而傣族的菜圃也種了許多366 The huge banana flowers are rich in nectar for only two hours a day, 碩大的香蕉花蘊藏豐富的花蜜367 但一天只開兩個小時368 but it's enough to attract a range of forest insects, including hornets. 但已足夠吸引許多森林昆蟲前來369 包括大黃蜂370 With their razor sharp mandibles, 它們的下顎如剃刀般鋒利371 they find it easy to rob the flowers of their nectar. 能輕易掠取花中的蜜汁372 But hornets are predators too. 但大黃蜂也是肉食性昆蟲373 They hunt other insects and carry them back to their nest. 它們捕捉其他昆蟲，將之帶回巢穴374 An ideal target, 理想的目標375 but this grasshopper is no easy meal. 但這蚱蜢並非簡單的大餐376 There may be a price to pay. 那是有代價的377 The Dai men, Po and Xue Ming, take advantage of a hunter's instincts. 378 傣族人波和祟明，他們就如黃雀在後379 A hornet sting is agony. 大黃蜂的蜇針是很痛的380 But for now it's distracted,intent on cutting away 但現在它忙著別的事381 a piece of grass hopper small enough to carry back home. 急切的想要切割蚱蜢的一部份382 小得讓它帶回巢去383 Success! 成功了！384 The white feather hardly slows the hornet, 大黃蜂不因白色羽毛而慢下來385 and, more importantly, 最重要的是遠遠就能看見它386 it can be seen. 387 Now the hunter is the hunted. 現在是螳螂捕蟬，黃雀在後388 So long as Po and Xue Ming can keep up! 但波和祟明必須跟得上389 Back at the nest,the other hornets 否則等它回蜂窩390 immediately begin to cut the feather free. 其他的大黃蜂馬上割開那羽毛391 But it's too late. The nest's location has been betrayed. 但太遲了蜂窩的所在地已經被發現！392 The relationship between the forest animals and the people who live here 森林動物與此地居民的關係393 永遠不會是和諧的394 was never one of harmony. 395 Yet the fact that the Dai and other ethnic groups considered。
BBC美丽中国英文字幕(1、2)——香格里拉__龙之心
美丽中国英文字幕（2）——香格里拉Beneath billowing clouds,in China's far southwesternYunnan province,lies a place of mystery and legend.Of mighty rivers and some of the oldest jungles in the world.Here, hidden valleys nurture strange and unique creatures,and colourful tribal cultures. Jungles are rarely found this far north of the tropics.So, why do they thrive here?And how has this rugged landscape come to harbour the greatest natural wealth in all China? In the remote southwest corner of China, a celebration is about to take place.Dai people collect water for the most important festival of their year.The Dai call themselves the people of the water.Yunnan's river valleys have been their home for over 2,000 years.By bringing the river water to the temple, they honour the two things holiest to them Buddhism and their home.The Dai give thanks for the rivers and fertile lands which have nurtured their culture. Though to some it might seem just an excuse for the biggest water fight of all time.Dai lives are changing as towns get bigger and modernise but the Water Splashing Festival is still celebrated by all.The rivers which lie at the heart of Dai life and culture flow from the distant mountains of Tibet,southward through central Yunnan in great parallel gorges.The Dai now live in the borders of tropical Vietnam and Laos, but their legends tell of how theirancestors came here by following the rivers from mountain lands in the cold far north. Lying at the far eastern end of the Himalayas,the Hengduan mountains form Yunnan's northern border with Tibet.Kawakarpo, crown of the Hengduan range, is a site of holy pilgrimage.Yet, its formidable peak remains unconquered.Yunnan's mountains are remote,rugged and inaccessible.Here the air is thin and temperatures can drop below minus 40 degrees.This is home to an animal that's found nowhere else on Earth.The Yunnan snub-nosed monkey.It's found only in these few isolated mountain forests.No other primate lives at such high altitudes but these are true specialists.These ancient mountain dwellers have inspired legends.Local Lisu people consider them their ancestors,calling them "the wild men of the mountains".During heavy snowfalls, even these specialists cannot feed.It seems a strange place for a monkey.Between snows, the monkeys waste no time in their search for food.At this altitude, there are few fruits or tender leaves to eat.90% of their diet is made up of thefine dry wisps of a curious organism.Half fungus, half plant it's lichen.How have monkeys, normallyassociated with lowland jungle,come to live such a remote mountain existence?This is not the only remarkable animal found within these isolated high peaks.A Chinese red panda.Solitary and quiet, it spends much of its time in the tree tops.Despite its name,the red panda is only a very distant relative of the giant panda.It's actually more closely related to a skunk.But it does share the giant panda's taste for bamboo.Southwest China's red pandas areknown for their very strong facial markings which distinguish them from red pandas found anywhere else in the Himalayas.Like the monkeys, they were isolated in these high forestswhen the mountains quite literally rose beneath themin the greatest mountain-buildingevent in recent geological history.Over the last 30 million years, the Indian subcontinent has beenpushing northwards into Eurasia.On the border between India and Tibetthe rocks have been raised eight kilometres above sea level,creating the world's highestmountain range, the Himalayas. But to the east, the rocks have buckled into a seriesof steep north-south ridges,cutting down through the heart of Yunnan,the parallel mountains of the Hengduan Shan.These natural barriers serve toisolate Yunnan's plants and animals in each adjacent valley.While the huge temperaturerange between the snowy peaks and the warmer slopes below provides a vast array of conditions for life to thrive. Through spring, the Hengduan slopes stage one ofChina's greatest natural spectacles.The forests here are among the most diverse botanical areas in the world.Over 18,000 plant species grow here,of which 3,000 are found nowhere else.Until little more than a century ago,this place was unknown outside China.But then news reached the West of a mysterious, hidden world of the orient.Hidden among the mountains,a lost Shangri-la paradise.Western high society, in the gripof a gardening craze,was eager for exotic species from faraway places.This gave rise to a newbreed of celebrity adventurers, intrepid botanist-explorers known as "the Plant Hunters". Yunnan became their Holy Grail.The most famous was Joseph Rock, a real life Indiana Jones.Remarkable film footage captured his entourage on a series of expeditions,as they pushed into the deepest corners of Yunnan.In glorious colour he recorded the plant life he foundon special photographic glass plates.Sending thousands of specimens back to the West,the Plant Hunters changed thegardens of the world forever.Rock's success was born of a massive effort.For, to find his Shangri-la,not only had he to traverseendless mountain ranges,but some of the deepest gorges in the world.The Nujiang is called The Angry River.This 300-kilometre stretch of raging rapids is as much a barrier to lifeas are the mountains above.WAVES CRASHBut the plant hunters weren't the first people to travel here.Along the Nujiang,less than 30 rope crossings allowlocals passage across the torrents.Tiny hamlets cling to the slopes.This morning, it's market day,drawing people from upand down the valley.PIG OINKSGOAT BLEATSHanging from simple rope slings,people have been using the crossingsfor many hundreds of years.In such narrow, precipitous gorges it's by far the easiest way to get around.Once across, the steep sides mean it's still a hike.Many trek for hours by foot before they get to the market.The immense valley is home to over a dozen ethnic groups.Some, like the Nu people, are found only here.The markets bring the mountain tribes together.To continue his expeditions,Rock had to get his entire entourageacross the giant Yunnan rivers.He commissioned especially thick ropes made from forest rattanand filmed the entire event.With yak butter to smooth the ride, 40 men and 15 mules made the journey.Not all made it across.On the far side of the great Nujiang gorge, the Plant Hunters made a remarkable discovery. Far from the tropics,they seemed to be entering a steamy,vibrant tropical jungle,the forest of Gaoligongshan.The flora here is unlike anywhere else in the world.Next to subtropical species, alpine plants grow in giant form.Crowning the canopy, rhododendrons,up to 30 metres high.In April and May, their flowersturn the forests ruby red,attracting bird species found only here.Constant moisture in the air means that the branches are ladenwith flowering epiphytes,fiercely guarded by tiny sunbirds,unique to these valleys.Nectar feeders, these are the hummingbirds of the Old World tropics.The forests of Gaoligongshan are home to some of China's rarest wildlife. This is a female Temminck's Tragopan.She has a colourful male admirer.He's hoping to woo her with his peculiar peekaboo displaybut she's not about to be rushed.His colourful skin wattlereflects more light than feathers do.To her, this is like a neon sign.Seeing his chance,the male makes his move.Constant moisture inthe Gaoligongshan forestsmeans that throughout the yearthere are always fruits on the trees.Such abundance of food encouragesa high diversity of fruit eatersmore commonly found in the tropics.The black giant squirrel is foundonly in undisturbed rainforest.At close to a metre in length, it'sone of the world's largest squirrels.The mystery is that these forestsare growing well outside the tropics.By rights, none of this jungle,or its animals, should be here.These are bear macaques.They're found only intropical and sub-tropical jungle.With a tiny home range ofjust a few square kilometres,they depend on the abundant fruitthat only true rainforestscan provide all year round.To the European plant hunters,these northern rainforests must haveseemed a fantastic andmysterious lost world.Yet, when they came here, they wouldhave found beautifully constructedancient stone pathwayson which the forestcould be explored.Winding westwards into the hills,these were once some of the most important highways in Asia,the southwestern tea and silk road. Built thousands of years ago,the southwestern tea and silk road gave access to the worldbeyond China's borders,carrying tradesmen and travellers from as far away as Rome.Wars were fought over accessto this tiny path,the only sure route inor out of China,that was guaranteed tobe clear of snow all year round. So, what causes Gaoligongshan's strange and remarkable climate?In late May, gusts of wind arrive, bringing with them the key to Gaoligongshan's mystery.The winds are hotand saturated with water.They come all the wayfrom the Indian Ocean.Channelled by Yunnan'sunique geography,they bring with them themoisture of the tropical monsoon. The giant river valleys,created millions of years ago,act like immense funnels.The gorges are so deep and narrow, that the moist warm air is driven right up into the north of Yunnan. The result is rain, in torrents! Four months of daily rainstorms sustain luxuriant vegetation.The arrival of the monsoonawakens one of the forest'smost extraordinarymoisture-loving inhabitants.The crocodile newt is one ofthe most unusual of the many amphibian species found here.As the rains arrive,they emerge to mate.The newts are said toleave an odour trail thatpotential mates can follow.The crocodile newt gets its name from the bumps along its back. These are its defence.If grabbed by a potential predator, the tips of its ribs squeeze a deadly poison from the bumps.The deluge wakesanother forest inhabitant.This one is particularly astounding in its vigour!It can grow up to a metre a day, fast overtaking the otherplants around it.The taller it grows,the faster its growth rate,so that in a matter of days it towers above the undergrowth,and continues reaching for the sky. Not bad for what isessentially a grass.It's bamboo.Given the chance,bamboo will create immense forests, dominating entire areas.Bamboo forests occuracross southwest China,all the way to Shanghai.But probably the highest diversity of bamboos in the worldis found on the hillsand valleys of Yunnan.Though incredibly strong,bamboos have hollow stems,a perfect shelter for anycreatures which can find a way in. This entrance holewas made by a beetlebut it's being used by avery different animal.A bamboo bat.The size of a bumblebee, it's oneof the tiniest mammals in the world. The entire colony, up to 25 bats,fits into a single section of bamboo stem, smaller than a tea cup. It's quite a squeeze!Half the colony are babies.Though barely a week old, they are already almost as big as their mums. Feeding such a fast-growingbrood is hard work.The mums leave to huntjust after dusk each night.Back in the roost,the young are left on their own. Special pads on their wings help them to grip on the bamboo walls -most of the time.The young bats use the extra space to prepare for a life on the wingby preening and stretching.Packed in like sardines, they would make an easy target for a snake.But the snake has nochance of getting in.The entrance is thinnerthan the width of a pencil.When the mothers return,they can push through the narrow entrance only because oftheir unusually flattened skulls.But it's still a squeeze.Bamboos are exploited in avery different way by anotherforest dweller.Fresh bamboo shoots arean important forest crop.Ai Lao Xiang is of the Hani tribe, from the mountainvillage of Mengsong.Roasted, the tender shoots hegathers will make a tasty dish.The Hani have many uses for thedifferent bamboos they growand find in the forest around. Though flexible enough to be woven, bamboo has a highertensile strength than steel. Succulent when young,in maturity it's tough and durable, ideal for making a tableand strong enoughfor a pipe to last a lifetime.The people of southwest Chinahave found an extraordinary number of ways to exploit this mostversatile of plants.THEY SPEAK IN NATIVE LANGUAGEPart of bamboo'sphenomenal successis that it's so toughthat few animals can tackle it.Yet, bamboo does come under attack.A bamboo rat.Feeding almost exclusively on bamboo, they live their entire lives in tunnels beneath the forest.The thinner species of bambooare easy to attack and pull below. She has a fantastic sense of smell and can sniff out the freshgrowth through the soil.Bamboo spreads alongunderground stems.By following these,new shoots are found.Once a shoot is detected,she snips it free and dragsit down into her burrow.This female has a family.At just a few weeks old,the youngsters can already tacklethe hardest bamboo stemsand are eager to try.Bamboo's tough reputation is such, that another bamboo specialist was known by the Chinese as,"The Iron Eating Animal".The giant panda is famousfor its exclusive diet.Giant pandas are thought tohave originated in southwestChina, millions of years ago,but they are no longerfound in Yunnan.Recently, their specialiseddiet has had dire consequences. Bamboo has a bizarre life cycle, flowering infrequently, sometimes only once every hundred years or so. But when flowering does occur,it's on a massive scale,and it's followed by thedeath of all of the plants. Sometimes an entirebamboo forest may die.In undisturbed habitat, pandas simply move to another areawhere a differentbamboo species grows.But as human activity has fragmented their forest home,pandas find it increasingly hard to find large enough areasin which to survive.Wild pandas are now found onlyin the forests of Central China,far to the east.But in the hidden pockets of lowland jungle in Yunnan's tropical south, live one of China'sbest-kept wildlife secrets.DEEP BELLOWThe wild Asian elephant.Elephants once roamed acrossChina as far north as Beijing.But it's only in the hidden valleys of Yunnan that they have survived. Elephants are thearchitects of the forest.Bamboos and grasses are theirfavourite foodbut saplings, tree leaves andtwisted lianas are alltaken, with little care.As they move through the forest,the elephants open up clearings, bringing light to the forest floor. This has a majorimpact on their home.The richest forests are now known to be those which from time to time experience change.The Jinou people are incredibly knowledgeable about their forestsand claim to have uses for most of the plants that they find there. They have names for them all,those good for eating and some which even have strong medicinal qualities. By working here, the Jinou playa similar role to the elephants, opening up the forest,bringing space, light and diversity. Green, fast growingspecies are encouraged.Insects are in high abundance here, together with the animalsthat feed on them.Knowledge of the forest enablesthe Jinou to find not just plants, but other tasty forest food too. Forest crabs are common here,feeding on the abundant leaf litter. This will be a tastyaddition to the evening meal.Flowing through Yunnan'ssouthern valleys,the once angry riversare now swollen,their waters slow and warm.These fertile lowland valleysare the home of the Dai.The "People of the Water"live along streams whichoriginate in the surrounding hills. Each family keeps a kitchen garden modelled on the multi-layered structure of the surrounding forests, which the Dai hold sacred.The gardens are made more productive by inter-planting different crops. Tall, sun-loving species give shelter to plants which thrive in the shade. As companions,the plants grow better.Yunnan's forests are home to more than a dozen wild banana speciesand banana crops grow wellin most Dai gardens.The huge banana flowers are richin nectar for only two hours a day, but it's enough to attract a rangeof forest insects, including hornets. With their razor sharp mandibles, they find it easy to robthe flowers of their nectar.But hornets are predators too.They hunt other insects andcarry them back to their nest.An ideal target,but this grasshopper is no easy meal. There may be a price to pay.The Dai men, Po and Xue Ming, take advantage of a hunter's instincts.A hornet sting is agony.But for now it's distracted,intent on cutting awaya piece of grasshoppersmall enough to carry back home. Success!The white featherhardly slows the hornet,and, more importantly,it can be seen.Now the hunter is the hunted.So long as Po andXue Ming can keep up!Back at the nest,the other hornetsimmediately begin to cutthe feather free.But it's too late. The nest'slocation has been betrayed.The relationship between the forest animals and the people who live here was never one of harmony.Yet the fact that the Dai and other ethnic groups considered theseforests to be sacred,has ensured their survivaland now many have been givenextra protection as nature reserves. Ingenuity and hard workpays off at last.The fattened larvae areconsidered a delicacy by the Dai. Although these forests have experienced a great deal of change, they are still host to someancient and incredible relationships. Almost 60 centimetres high,this is the immense flowerof the Elephant yam.Locals call it the"Witch of the Forest".As the stars rise,the witch begins to cast her spell. The forest temperature drops,but the flower starts to heat up.A heat sensitive camera revealsthe flower's temperaturerising by an incredibleten degrees Celsius.At the same time, a noxious stench of rotting flesh fills the forest air. As the flower's heat increases,a cloud of odour rises up.The foul perfumecarries far and wide.It doesn't go unnoticed.Carrion beetles arrive on the scene. The beetles come in searchof a feast of warm decaying flesh, but they've been tricked.Slippery sides ensure they tumble straight into the centreof the monster flower.There's not enough room to spread their wingsand the waxy walls ensurethat there's no escape.But there's nothing sinisterin the flower's agenda.The beetles will beits unwitting helpers.Dawn arrives,but the flower remains unchanged, holding its captives through the day. As the second night falls,the witch stirs again.In a matter of minutes, the flower's precious golden pollensqueezes from the stamensand begins to fall,showering onto the captivebeetles below.Now, at last, the prisonersare free to go.The flower's wall changes texture, becoming roughto provide the ideal escape ladder. Loaded with their pollen parcels, they can now climb to freedom,just as other forest witchesare beginning to open.Seduced by the irresistible perfume, the beetles are sure to pay a visit, so ensuring pollination,and another generation of incredibly big, smelly flowers.As dawn arrives, forest birds claim their territories in the canopy. BIRDSONGBut there's one callwhich stands out among the rest - virtuoso of the forest symphony.STRANGE CALL RINGS OUTIt's a gibbon.UNDULATING CALL CONTINUESLiving on a remote mountainrange in south central Yunnanis one of the few remainingwild gibbon populations in China. The black-crestedgibbons of Wuliangshan.They are confined tothese forest mountains,so remote and steepthat few hunters ever come here.The Wuliangshan gibbons areunusual for their social structure. Most gibbons live in smallfamily groupsconsisting of a mating pairand their offspring.But these gibbons exist in troops. One male can have twoor sometimes three femalesand all of these can have young. Often even the juvenilesstay in the community.BABY SQUEAKSRarely glimpsed,this baby may be only a day old.If it survives infancy,then it has a promising futurein these few valleyswith its close-knit family.GIBBON CALLS RING OUTGibbon song once inspiredthe ancient poets of China,their glorious callsechoing far across the hills.But now, new, strangely quiet forests have come to Yunnan.These trees are here to producean important and valuable crop.When the tree bark is scored,it yields copious sticky sap,so bitter and tackythat nothing can feed on it.It's the tree's naturaldefence against attack.It's collected daily,bowl by bowl.It will be boiled and processed into one of the most important materials to a fast developing nation - rubber. The expansion of the rubberforests began in the '50s when China, under a world rubber embargo,had to become self-sufficientin this vital product.Beijing turned to the only place where rubber could grow,the tropical south of Yunnan.With efficiency and speed,some of the world's richest forests were torn up and burned.Replaced with mile upon mileof rubber plantation.But there was a problemfor the rubber growers.While Yunnan's uniquenatural forestscan survive on the valleyslopes which stretch to the north... ..just one severe frost will kill off these delicate rubber trees.So Yunnan's terrain puts a limit on how far the plantations can spread, halting at leasttheir northwards advance.The jungles of Yunnanare increasingly under pressure. HORN BEEPSNew roads criss-crossthe tiny remnant forests,the infrastructure needed for trade, industry and, increasingly, tourism. It's a meeting of two verydifferent worlds.ELEPHANT TRUMPETSThat elephants still exist in Chinais remarkableconsidering the immense pressuresin the world's most highlypopulated country.The 250 or so wild elephantswhich still live hereare now strictly protected.And each year youngare born to the small herds.If elephants were to surviveanywhere in China,it could only have been here,in Yunnan.The same mountains which guidethe monsoon rains northand which made Joseph Rock'sjourneys so treacherous,also guarded Yunnan's forestsand its wildlife.ELEPHANTS GRUNT AND TRUMPETFor the moment, the mountains arestill carpeted in a rich green,deceptive in its simplicity.Below the canopy lies perhapsChina's richest natural treasure.Delicate and unique,a complex world of intricaterelationshipsbetween animals, plants and people,beneath the clouds.美丽中国英文字幕（1）——龙之心The last hidden worldChinaFor centuries, travellers to China have told tales of magical landscapes and surprising creaturesChinese civilization is the world's oldestand today it's largestwith well over a billion peopleIt's home to more than 50 distinct ethnic groupsand a wide range of traditional life stylesoften in close partnership with natureWe know that China faces immense social and environmental problemsbut there is great beauty here tooChina is home to the world's highest mountains,vast deserts ranging from from searing hotto mind numbing coldsteaming forestsharboring rare creaturesgrassy plains beneath vast horizonsand rich tropical seasNow, for the first time everwe can explore the whole of this great countrymeet some of the surprising and exotic creatures that live hereand consider the relationship of the people and wildlife of Chinato the remarkable landscaping which they liveThis is wild ChinaOur exploration of China begins in the warm subtropical southOn the Li River, fishermen and birds perch on bamboo raftsa partnership that goes back more than a thousand yearsThis scenery is known throughout the worlda recurring motif in Chinese paintingsand a major tourist attractionThe south of China is a vast areaeight times larger than the UKIt's a landscape of hillsbut also of waterIt rains here for up to 250 days a yearand standing water is everywhereIn a floodplain of the Yangtse Riverblack-tailed godwits probe the mud in search of wormsBut it isn't just wildlife that thrive in this environmentthe swampy ground provides ideal conditions for the remarkable member of the grass family riceThe Chinese have been cultivating rice for at least 8 thousand yearsIt has transformed a landscapeLate winter in southern Yunnan, it's a busy time for local farmersas they prepare the age-old paddy field ready for the coming springThese hill slopes of Yuanyang countyplunge nearly 2 thousand meters to the floor of the Red River Valleyeach contains literally thousands of stack terraces carved out by hand using basic digging toolsYunnan's rice terraces are among the oldest human structures in Chinastill ploughed as they always have beenby domesticated water buffaloeswhose ancestors originated in these very valleysThis man-made landscape is one of the most amazing engineering feats of preindustrial China It seems as if every square inch of landhas been pressed into cultivationAs evening approachesan age-old ritual unfoldsIt's the mating seasonand male paddy frogs are competing for the attention of femalesBut it dosen't always pay to draw too much attention to youselfThe Chinese Pond Heron is a crapulous predatorEven in the middle of a ploughed paddy field<i>nature is red in beacon claw</i>This may look like a slaughterbut as each heron can swallow only one frog at a timethe vast majority will escape to croak another dayTerrace paddies like those of Yunyang county are found across much of southern ChinaThis whole vast landscape is dominated by rice cultivationIn here in Guizhou province, the Miao minority have developed a remarkable rice culture With every inch of fertile land given over to rice cultivationthe Miao build their wooden houses on the steepest and least productive hillsidesIn Chinese rural life, everything has a usedried in the sun, manure from the cowsheds would be used as cooking fuelIt's midday and the Song family aretucking into a lunch of rice and vegetablesOblivious to the domestic chitchatgranddad Guyong Song has serious maters on his mindSpring is a start of the rice growing seasonthe success of the crop will determin how well the family will eat next yearso planting at the right time is criticalThe ideal date depends on what the weather will do this yearnever easy to predictBut there is some surprising help at handOn the ceiling of the Song's living rooma pair of red-rumped swallows newly arrive from their winter migrationis busy fixing up last year's nestIn China, animals have value does much for their symbolic meaning as for many good they may doMiao people believe that swallow pairs remain faithful for lifeso their presence is a favor and a blessingbringing happiness to a marriage and good luck to a homeLike most Miao dwellings, the Song's living room windows look out over the paddy fields From early spring, one of these windows is always left open to let the swallows come and go freelyEach year, granddad Gu knows the exat day the swallows returnMiao people believe the birds arrival predicts the timing of a season ahead。
美丽中国第一单元 龙之心
QuestionsPart I1.Why China is called “the last hidden world” by the narrator?2.How does the na rrator describe China as “wild”?3.What is an ideal environment for rice cultivation?4.Why “this man-made” landscape is called “one of the most amazing engineering feasts of pre-industrial China”?5.How do the Miao people carry out “transplanting”?6.Why does the narrator say that” egrets are among the few wild creatures which benefit directly from intensive ricecultivation”?7.How does the Stone Forest form?8.How do the stalactites form?Part II1.What would a langur’s life be like?2.Why langurs are “good rock climbers”, and why do they limb rocks?3.What is the “revenue”, and what is the source of it?4.How do the bats fish?5.How do the fishermen’s cormorants fish in the Li River?6.How does Geng Zhong Sheng fish, and what does he fish?7.What does the narrator say about the8.Why does the narrator say “the answer to extinction is protection”?Part III1.What has she Shuzhen been doing and what are she and her son going to do?2.What does the narrator say about Huangshan macaques?3.How does the narrator describe the rice cultivation in China?4.How did Yang harvest the gold carps?5.What symbolizes the completion of “the rice growing cycle” in Longxian Village?6.What is “the rice growing cycle”?7.Why the Tundra swans are called “long migrants”?8.What have you learnt from this episode of the documentary Wild China?WritingDirections: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic: Fascinating China. You should write at least 120 words according to the situation given below in Chinese:一位外国朋友第一次来中国，他想让你介绍两三样极具中国特色的事物(可以是风俗文化等)，你会向他介绍什么?如何介绍?The Fascinations of ChinaChina, one of the cradles of human civilization, possesses so many treasures with Chinese characteristics that numerous foreign friends come to visit her. The first place to go to is, the Great Wall, which is the symbol of China and one of the seven wonders in the world. What's more, it is said to be the only construction that can be seen from the outer space. In the imperial periods, it was used in defense of the dynasties. Since liberation, it has become a place of interest. There is a famous saying: "He who does not reach the Great Wall isn't a true man."China is home to Panda, an animal with only two colors, white and black, but very cute. It's our national treasure, often functioning as a friendly diplomat. Terracotta-clay warriors unearthed in Xi'an, a famous ancient city-were sculptured in Qin Dynasty, the first dynasty of China. When former U.S. President Clinton came to China, he visited terracotta’s first.The above mentioned are just a wave of the sea. If you want to know more about this ancient nation, come and be our guest.。
《BBC美丽中国》第一集
(SQUAWKING)NARRATOR: The last hidden world,China.For centuries, travellers to China have told tales of magical landscapes and surprising creatures.Chinese civilisation is the world's oldestand today, its largest,with well over a billion people.It's home to more than 50 distinct ethnic groupsand a wide range of traditional lifestyles,often in close partnership with nature.We know that China faces immense social and environmental problems. But there is great beauty here, too.China is home to the world's highest mountains,vast deserts ranging from searing hotto mind-numbing cold.Steaming forests harbouring rare creatures.Grassy plains beneath vast horizons.And rich tropical seas.Now for the first time ever,we can explore the whole of this great country,meet some of the surprising and exotic creatures that live hereand consider the relationship of the people and wildlife of Chinato the remarkable landscape in which they live.This is <i>Wild China.</i>Our exploration of China begins in the warm, subtropical south.On the Li River, fishermen and birds perch on bamboo rafts,a partnership that goes back more than a thousand years.This scenery is known throughout the world,a recurring motif in Chinese paintings.And a major tourist attraction.The south of China is a vast area,eight times larger than the UK.It's a landscape of hills but also of water.(THUNDER RUMBLING)It rains here for up to 250 days a year,and standing water is everywhere.(THUNDER RUMBLING)In the floodplain of the Yangtze River,black-tailed godwits probe the mud in search of worms.But isn't just wildlife that thrives in this environment.The swampy ground provides ideal conditionsfor a remarkable member of the grass family. |Rice.The Chinese have been cultivating rice for at least 8,000 years.It has transformed the landscape.Late winter in southern Yunnan is a busy time for local farmersas they prepare the age-old paddy fields ready for the coming spring. These hill slopes of the Yuanyang County plunge nearly 2,000 metres to the floor of the Red River valley.Each contains literally thousands of stacked terracescarved out by hand using basic digging tools.Yunnan's rice terraces are among the oldest human structures in China. Still ploughed, as they always have been,by domesticated water buffaloes,whose ancestors originated in these very valleys.This man-made landscapeis one of the most amazing engineering featsof pre-industrial China.It seems as if every square inch of landhas been pressed into cultivation.As evening approaches, an age-old ritual unfolds.It's the mating seasonand male paddy frogs are competing for the attention of the females. But it doesn't always pay to draw too much attention to yourself. The Chinese pond heron is a pitiless predator. (SQUAWKS)Even in the middle of a ploughed paddy field,nature is red in beak and claw.This may look like a slaughterbut as each heron can swallow only one frog at a time,the vast majority will escape to croak another day.Terraced paddies like those of the Yuanyang Countyare found across much of southern China.This whole vast landscape is dominated by rice cultivation.In hilly Guizhou Province,the Miao minority have developed a remarkable rice culture.With every inch of fertile land given over to rice cultivation,the Miao build their wooden houseson the steepest and least productive hillsides.In Chinese rural life, everything has a use.Dried in the sun, manure from the cow shedswill be used as cooking fuel.(WOMEN CHATTERING IN CHINESE)It's midday, and the Song familyare tucking into a lunch of rice and vegetables.(SPEAKING IN CHINESE)Oblivious to the domestic chit-chat,Granddad Gu Yong Xiu has serious matters on his mind.Spring is the start of the rice growing season.The success of the crop will determine how well the family will eat next year, so planting at the right time is critical.The ideal date depends on what the weather will do this year,never easy to predict.But there is some surprising help at hand.On the ceiling of the Songs' living room, a pair of red-rumped swallows, newly arrived from their winter migration,is busy fixing up last year's nest.In China, animals are valued as much for their symbolic meaningas for any good they may do.Miao people believe that swallow pairs remain faithful for life,so their presence is a favour and a blessing,bringing happiness to a marriage and good luck to a home.Like most Miao dwellings, the Songs' living room windowslook out over the paddy fields.From early spring, one of these windows is always left opento let the swallows come and go freely.Each year, granddad Gu notes the exact day the swallows return.Miao people believe the birds' arrival predicts the timing of the season ahead. This year, they were late.So Gu and the other community elders have agreedthat rice planting should be delayed accordingly.As the Miao prepare their fields for planting,the swallows collect mud to repair their nestsand chase after insects across the newly ploughed paddies.Finally, after weeks of preparation,the ordained time for planting has arrived.But first the seedlings must be uprooted from the nursery bedsand bundled up ready to be transported to their new paddyhigher up the hillside.All the Songs' neighbours have turned out to help with the transplanting. It's how the community has always worked.When the time comes, the Songs will return the favour.While the farmers are busy in the fields,the swallows fly back and forth with material for their nest.Many hands make light work.Planting the new paddy takes little more than an hour.Job done, the villagers can relax,at least until tomorrow.But for the nesting swallows, the work of raising a familyhas only just begun. |In the newly planted fields, little egrets hunt for food. The rice paddies harbour tadpoles, fish and insectsand the egrets have chicks to feed.。
纪录片《美丽中国》第一集“龙之心 ”赏析
2011 - 2012学年第 1 学期广东工业大学公选课平时作业
欣赏了《美丽中国》龙之心几遍之后，我深有感慨！这部纪录片是由BBC 制作播放的，被誉为B.B.C.近年来最好的纪录片之一，在全球都获得了极佳的赞誉。
除了精致美丽的画面构图外，其原声配乐也常常让人感动。
主题音乐婉转大气，初次听到时真的感动到流泪。
而出自Barnaby Taylor 之手的配乐不但完美地捕捉到了那种中国味道，同时清新而不流于俗套。
宛若江南女子却坚强而大气。
写天鹅时，景别：中景，拍摄技巧：面画光线由弱到强，音乐：快节奏轻松音乐，音响：天鹅叫声。
景别：特写，拍摄技巧：固定镜头。
渔民在筏子上利用水鸟捕鱼，中景，固定镜头，音乐变得大气，富有生机，音响为水流的声音。
这些音响摄影技巧都是预想中的对观众的感染，能够把我们带进里面的世界，感受到里面的气氛。
从不同角度拍摄，有：平摄、俯摄、仰摄等。
这些角度的选择，在于剧情的演示和感情的寄寓。
构图，很自然地表现生活故事与环境，在叙述过程中，使观众感受着电影的形式美。
技术方面，采用高清摄影技术，在拍摄动植物时，采用了红外摄影、水下摄影、慢速摄影、高速摄影、微型摄影等许多高科技拍摄手法，带给观众强大的视觉冲击力。
比如，拍摄漓江上渔民利用鸬鹚捕鱼的画面，采用了水下拍摄与水上拍摄交叉剪辑的蒙太奇镜头，再配以战争中使用的鼓点音乐，表现了鸬鹚高超的捕鱼技巧，也将这一1300历史的捕鱼方式生动的展现在观众面前。
云雾缭绕的群山，这是一个充满生机的国度，中国。
这部纪录片值得我们反复去看，探索。
美丽中国共6集全
美丽中国共6集全美丽中国共6集全《美丽中国》是由中英联合摄制小组拍摄的一部关于中国野生动物和自然风光的系列纪录片，其中有些野生动物和风景的镜头从未在银幕上出现过。
《美丽中国》分为《锦绣华南》、《云翔天边》、《神奇高原》、《风雪塞外》、《沃土中原》、《潮涌海岸》六集；全片拍摄中国50多个国家级野生动植物和风景保护区、86种中国珍奇野生动植物和30多个民族生活故事，展现中国自然人文景观。
[1]锦绣华南长江是世界第三大的河流，总长超过6000公里。
它刻出了中国最精彩的地貌——喀斯特地貌，一个石灰石山峰耸立，到处是峭壁深洞的神话世界。
沿着长江，可以看到扬子鳄孵化出壳，大鲵发出婴孩啼哭般的叫声，大足鼠耳蝠轻掠过水面捕食小鱼，贵州黑叶猴和黄山猕猴蹲坐在喀斯特山壁上嬉戏打闹，鄱阳湖的候鸟如千帆竞发呼啦啦飞过天际……[2]云翔天边该集涵盖的土地是系列中最少的，只是覆盖了云南省范围，云南约占国土总面积的2%到3%，但是它占有全国总数近四分之一的植物、动物物种在这里都随处可见。
西双版纳的亚洲野象，白马雪山的滇金丝猴，高黎贡山的红腹角雉，无量山的黑冠长臂猿，思茅的大绯胸鹦鹉……[3]神奇高原该集以神秘辽远的青藏高原为背景，展示日夜守护这片心灵净土的异兽珍禽——盘羊、藏羚羊、藏野驴、野牦牛、蓝羊、黑颈鹤、凤头鸊鷉、温泉蛇……有被中国古人视作介于动植物之间的冬虫夏草，还有由寺庙僧人喂养的藏马鸡。
朝珠穆朗玛峰行进，还能遇到生活在世界上海拔最高地方的昆虫：跳蛛。
往东走，成千上万的迁徙鸟群围绕着中国第一大盐湖青海湖起起落落。
[4]风雪塞外该集所涉及的地域样貌是系列中最多样化最丰富的。
有内蒙草原、甘肃戈壁，也有东北密林、西部边陲。
有以“魔鬼城”闻名的敦煌雅丹，也有凡间仙境长白山天池，有硕果累累的吐鲁番，也有荒芜人迹的大沙漠。
这里生活着野马、野猪、鹅喉羚、沙鼠、大天鹅、蓑羽鹤、沙狐……[5]沃土中原该集以长城和黄河流域的中原为中心，镜头扫过这片曾经孕育过中华古文明的大地。
美丽中国《龙之心》赏析
2011 - 2012 学年第 1 学期广东工业大学公选课平时作业看完了《美丽中国》第一集龙之心后，我迫不及待地想要找后面几集来看。
因为我觉得这是每个中国人都应该看的一套片子，每一个镜头都美到了极致！原来祖国如此美丽！她是灵动的不可思议的天地造化，是这片土地上每一个生灵的现在或曾经的呼吸。
影片中壮丽精致的画面和灵动般配的音乐，让人身临其境般欣赏到中国与众不同的美。
首先，从摄影的角度来看，我查了一下，影片80%的画面都是在自然观察下拍摄所得，而非在摄影棚中完成，这当然需要借助超高速、延时、红外等各种摄影技术。
整部片子基本以真实的色彩呈现，没有刻意滴去夸张。
以至于其中的艳丽的自然景色更显娇媚。
规模宏大，气势磅礴的梯田，形态各异的石林，灵巧的燕子，潜伏可怕的五步蛇，无不给人一种真实细致的感受，给我印象最深刻的要数画面上的那只蝙蝠张开半透明的双翼，掠水飞行，动作敏捷地抓起水中游鱼，激起水花，如冰似雪，毫不停留地飘然远遁，这个场面用的是超高速摄影机，捕捉到鼠耳蝠在这个过程中每一个细微的动作，而且是多方位拍摄，无比清晰地把鼠耳蝠在黑夜飞行的情景展现在观众面前，令人叹为观止，赞叹不已。
从音乐的角度来看，整个片子都是采用了极具中国民乐风格的背景音乐，而且音乐还恰到好处地随着画面场景以及动物的不同而改变。
例如，叶猴攀爬时的音乐是轻快的笛子声，让人感受到猴子的活泼。
在暗中潜伏的五步蛇捕食的时候的音乐低沉给人以紧张感，鼠耳蝠在黑夜中飞行的时候背景音乐变成潺潺水声和空灵的背景音乐，吊诡奇妙。
总的来说，影片的音乐与画面配合得很科学，和谐，观众看起来会很舒服。
从叙述方式上来看，我在看影片前曾想过，面对如此广袤国土，如此复杂地形，如此浩瀚历史，如此丰富如江如海的动植物资源，该从何说起，该如何向观众展现？观看时，我没有发现有什么明显的叙述线索，但看起来却不显得突兀，十分自然流畅平和。
有时还配有外国人独特的幽默吐槽，让人莞尔一笑。
【9A文】美丽中国Wild-China-全集-中英文解说词
美丽中国（WildChina）第一集龙之心HeartoftheDragon校正版最后的隐世净土Thelasthiddenworld中国China数世纪来旅人传诵着关于这片神奇土地Forcenturies,travellerstoChinahavetoldtalesofmagicallandscapes以及那些神奇生物的传说andsurprisingcreatures中国文明是世界最古老的文明Chinesecivilizationistheworld'soldest而如今是最宏博的andtodaRit'slargest那数十亿的人民withwelloverabillionpeople现存超过五十个民族It'shometomorethan50distinctethnicgroups以及各式各样贴近自然的andawiderangeoftraditionallifestRles传统生活方式ofteninclosepartnershipwithnature我们都知道中国面对着着众多社会环境问题WeknowthatChinafacesimmensesocialandenvironmentalproblems但这里也存在着令人窒息的美丽butthereisgreatbeautRheretoo中国有着世界最高峰Chinaishometotheworld'shighestmountains,从无垠的炙热沙漠vastdesertsrangingfromfromsearinghot到麻木大脑的寒冷地带tomindnumbingcold以及那蒸笼般的森林中steamingforests隐匿的各种珍稀生物harboringrarecreatures天际下广阔无垠的草原grassRplainsbeneathvasthorizons以及富饶的热带海洋andrichtropicalseas现在我们第一次有机会Now,forthefirsttimeever深入探索这片伟大的土地wecaneRplorethewholeofthisgreatcountrR接触栖息于此的珍奇生物meetsomeofthesurprisingandeRoticcreaturesthatlivehere 目睹中国这片神奇土地上andconsidertherelationshipofthepeopleandwildlifeofChina 人与野生世界的羁绊totheremarkablelandscapingwhichtheRlive这就是最原味的中国ThisiswildChina仅以此献给我们多灾多难但美丽依旧的祖国Forourtroubledbutdrop-deadbeautifulmotherland我们的中国探索之旅始于南方的亚热带OureRplorationofChinabeginsinthewarmsubtropicalsouth漓江的渔人和鱼鸟栖坐在竹筏上OntheLiRiverfishermenandbirdsperchonbamboorafts这个组合已延续千年之久apartnershipthatgoesbackmorethanathousandRears这景致已为世人所熟悉ThisscenerRisknownthroughouttheworld那是中国水墨永恒的主题arecurringmotifinChinesepaintings和旅人永远的胜地andamajortouristattraction中国南部是片有英国国土ThesouthofChinaisavastarea九倍之大的广阔土地eighttimeslargerthantheUK这里是山雨的国度It'salandscapeofhillsbutalsoofwater这里一年之中有250天在降雨Itrainshereforupto250daRsaRear到处都是积水andstandingwateriseverRwhere在扬子江的涝原InafloodplainoftheRangtseRiver黑尾鹬在泥泞中寻索着虫子black-tailedgodwitsprobethemudinsearchofworms并非只有野生动物在这样的环境下茁壮成长Butitisn'tjustwildlifethatthriveinthisenvironment沼泽般湿润肥沃的土地为作物家族最显著的成员提供了最理想的环境theswampRgroundprovidesidealconditionsfortheremarkablememberofthegrassfamilR 这就是稻米rice中国有着至少8000年的稻米种植史TheChinesehavebeencultivatingriceforatleast8thousandRears他们改变了这块土地Ithastransformedthelandscape对云南南部的农民而言冬末是个繁忙的季节LatewinterinsouthernRunnanisabusRtimeforlocalfarmers因为他们要为即将来临的春天整顿这片古老的稻田astheRpreparetheage-oldpaddRfieldreadRforthecomingspring元阳县的山坡以20RRM之势ThesehillslopesofRuanRangcountR斜插于红河谷地的河床plungenearlR20RRmtotheflooroftheRedRiverValleR包含了上千由原始刨掘工具所创造出的梯田eachcontainsliterallRthousandsofstackterracescarvedoutbRhandusingbasicdiggingtool s云南的梯田是中国最古老人类耕作痕迹中Runnan'sriceterracesareamongtheoldesthumanstructuresinChina依旧被耕种使用的土地stillploughedastheRalwaRshavebeen正如千百年来的习俗一样bRdomesticatedwaterbuffaloes源自云南河谷的家养水牛承担了耕作的重任whoseancestorsoriginatedintheseverRvalleRs这片人力开拓的土地是工业化前中国最惊奇宏伟的壮景Thisman-madelandscapeisoneofthemostamazingengineeringfeatsofpreindustrialChina 似乎这里的每一寸土地ItseemsasifeverRsquareinchofland都被打上了农耕的痕迹hasbeenpressedintocultivation当薄暮降临Aseveningapproaches另一场古老的仪式上演anage-oldritualunfolds现在是交配的季节It'sthematingseason雄禾田蛙们为了吸引异性而卖力高鸣andmalepaddRfrogsarecompetingfortheattentionoffemales但这并非总能为你吸引来关注的目光Butitdosen'talwaRspaRtodrawtoomuchattentiontoRouself中国池鹭是个饕餮掠食者TheChinesePondHeronisacrapulouspredator就算在耕作过的稻田中央EveninthemiddleofaploughedpaddRfield也会上演喙与爪的血腥剧目natureisredinbeakandclaw或许这看上去像一场屠杀ThismaRlooklikeaslaughter但每只池鹭一次只能吞噬一只蛙butaseachheroncanswallowonlRonefrogatatime此时剩余的多数派得以逃生并获得了明日再度高歌的机会thevastmajoritRwillescapetocroakanotherdaR元阳县这样广泛种植水稻的TerracepaddieslikethoseofRunRangcountRarefoundacrossmuchofsouthernChina梯田横贯中国南部ThiswholevastlandscapeisdominatedbRricecultivation苗族人在炎热的贵州发展了高度发达的水稻种植InheatedGuizhouprovincetheMiaominoritRhavedevelopedaremarkablericeculture 苗族人把木屋建立在陡峭低产的山壁上WitheverRinchoffertilelandgivenovertoricecultivation用其余每寸丰饶的土地来种植水稻theMiaobuildtheirwoodenhousesonthesteepestandleastproductivehillsides所有东西在中国农村都自有其用处InChineserurallifeeverRthinghasause牛棚里的肥料在太阳下晒干用作煮饭的燃料driedinthesunmanurefromthecowshedswouldbeusedascookingfuel中午时分宋家人正饱餐以米和蔬菜为主的中饭It'smiddaRandtheSongfamilRaretuckingintoalunchofriceandvegetables老祖父宋古永置身于天伦之乐外Oblivioustothedomesticchitchat寻思着重要的事情granddadGuRongSonghasseriousmatersonhismind春季是稻禾生长的伊始时节Springisastartofthericegrowingseason庄稼的长势决定了来年宋家人的生计thesuccessofthecropwilldeterminhowwellthefamilRwilleatneRtRear因而选择合适的时机进行耕作是至关重要的soplantingattherighttimeiscritical 时机的选择取决于当年的天气情况TheidealdatedependsonwhattheweatherwilldothisRear而这些却是永难估料的nevereasRtopredict但是身边就存在着贴心小帮手Butthereissomesurprisinghelpathand宋家厅堂房梁上的是一对刚从冬季迁徙中归来的金腰燕OntheciellingoftheSong'slivingroomapairofred-rumpedswallownewlRarrivefromtheirw intermigration他们正在为装潢新一年度的宅邸而忙碌isbusRfiRinguplastRear'snest在中国动物们被赋予独特的象征意义并被细心呵护InChinaanimalsarevalueddoesmuchfortheirsRmbolicmeaningasformanRgoodtheRma Rdo苗族人笃信成双燕终身相伴不离不弃Miaopeoplebelievethatswallowpairsremainfaithfulforlife因此他们的存在被视为sotheirpresenceisafavorandablessing幸福生活与美满婚姻的象征bringinghappinesstoamarriageandgoodlucktoahome 如大多数苗人一样宋家起居室的窗子可以眺望见成片的梯田LikemostMiaodwellings,theSong'slivingroomwindowslookoutoverthepaddRfields 从早春起一扇窗子便为了方便燕子往返穿飞而敞开FromearlRspring,oneofthesewindowsisalwaRsleftopentolettheswallowscomeandgofre elR古老爹知晓每年燕子归来的确切时间EachReargranddadGuknowstheeRactdaRtheswallowsreturn苗族人坚信这些鸟儿的归来预示着春季的来临Miaopeoplebelievethebirdsarrivalpredictsthetimingofaseasonahead然而今年他们姗姗来迟ThisRear,theRwerelate因而古老爹和其他族中长老一致认为今年的插秧应当推迟soGuandtheothercommunitReldershaveagreedthatriceplantingshouldbedelaRedaccordi nglR当苗族人为了插秧而整备田地时AstheMiaopreparetheirfieldsforplanting燕子们或搜集修整巢穴用的泥巴theswallowscollectmudtorepairtheirnests或穿越新耕的稻田追逐昆虫andchaseafterinsectsacrossthenewlRploughedpaddies 最终经过了几周的准备FinallR,afterweeksofpreparation这个预定种植的时刻来临了theordainedtimeforplantinghasarrived首先秧苗必须从苗床上连根拔起butfirsttheseedlingsmustbeuprootfromthenurserRbeds扎成捆移植到高处山地andbundledupreadRtobetransportedtotheirnewpaddR那崭新的苗床上higherupthehillside宋家邻里乡亲全员出动帮助移植AlltheSong'sneighborshaveturnedouttohelpwiththetransplanting这是一直来他们的集体协作方式It'showthecommunitRhasalwaRsworked当然一旦时刻来临宋家人也会做出相同行为来报恩whenthetimecomes,theSongswillreturnthefavor当农户们忙碌在田埂间时WhilethefarmersarebusRinthefields飞燕们则衔着修整巢穴的材料来来往往theswallowsflRbackandforthwithmaterialfortheirnest人多力量大ManRhandsmakelightwork插秧的整个过程只持续了仅一个多小时plantingthenewpaddRtakesalittlemorethananhour当工作完成农户们得以休息Jobdone,thevillagerscanrelaR至少在明天来临之前atleastuntiltomorrow然而对这些筑巢的飞鸟而言修筑家园的宏大工程Butforthenestingswallows,theworkofraisingafamilR才刚刚开始hasonlRjustbegun新耕种的田地里InthenewlRplantedfields白鹭在寻找食物littleegretshuntforfoods稻田成了虫鱼蝌蚪的乐园ThericepaddRharbortadpolesfishandinsects而白鹭正好以此哺育幼鸟andegretshavechickstofeed重庆自然保护区建立于1996年ThiscolonRinChongqingprovinceisestablishedin1996当成群的鸟儿安家在阳光村后方的小竹林whenafewdozenbirdsbuildnestsinthebamboogrovebehindRanGuangvillage当地人将其视为幸运的使者BelievingtheRwereassignedofluck他们最初小心保护这些白鹭和他们的栖息地localpeopleinitiallRprotectedtheegretsandthecolonRgrove但当村长病重后他们的态度发生了转变Buttheirattitudechangewhentheheadofthevillagefellill当政府开始介入保护鸟群时TheRblamethebirdsandwereallsettodestroRtheirnests 他们开始敌视鸟群并着手摧毁巢穴whenthelocalgovernmentsteppedintoprotectthem易弯曲的竹子或许并非安家的最佳场所BendRbamboomaRnotbethesafestnestingplace但至少这些小家伙们不会成为捕食者的腹中餐butatleasttheseRoungsterswon'tendupatsomeone'sdinner这些小家伙刚从母亲嘴里分得美食ThesechickshavejusthadamealdeliveredbRtheirmom对新生的小嘴着实是一大挑战quiteachallengeforlitterbeaks介于他们的栖息地是受保护的Providingtheircoloniesareprotected像白鹭这样的候鸟是少数直接从发达的水稻种植中获益的鸟类wadingbirdslikeegretsareamongthefewwildcreatureswhichbenefitdirectlRfromintensiv ericecultivation水稻生长需要大量的水Growingriceneedslotsofwater但即便是在多雨的南方有些土地也面临缺水的危机butevenintherainRsouth,therearelandscapeswherewaterissurprisinglRscarce相当于法国和西班牙国土加起来那么大ThisvastareaofsouthwestChina的中国西南的广阔土地thesizeofFranceandSpaincombined因为宛如被干燥中空的谷地隔离开来的巨大蛋盒般isfamousforitsclustersofconicalhills连绵的锥形山脉而闻名于世likegiantupturnedeggcartonseperatedbRdrRemptRvalleRs这就是喀斯特地貌Thisisthekarst石灰石地貌俨然成为南部中国的标志性特征alimestoneterrainwhichhasbecomethedefiningimageofsouthernChina喀斯特地貌通常以突起的裸岩状态分布KarstlandscapesareoftenstuddedwithrockRoutcrops这迫使当地农民只得在破碎的小块土地上耕作forcinglocalfarmerstocultivatetinRfields当地人是中国最贫穷的居民之一ThepeoplewholivehereareamongthepoorestinChina在毗邻的云南省InneighboringRunnanprovince遍布着石灰石limestonerockshavetakenoverentirelR这就是著名的石林ThisisthefamousStoneForest无数年侵蚀作用的产物theproductofcountlessRearsoferosion造就了无数的狭道与巅峰producingamazeofdeepgulletsandsharp-edgedpinnacles 石灰石有一个独性那就是能被雨水分解LimestonehasastrangepropertRthatisdissolvesinrainwater在数千年的漫长光阴中水的侵蚀深入到岩床的心脏地带OvermanRthousandsofRears,waterhascorrodeitswaRdeepintotheheartofthebedrockitse lf这一自然奇观成为了著名的旅游景点Thisnaturalwonderhasafamoustouristspot每年的访客数量多达200万人receivingcloseto2millionvisitorseachRear中国人特别喜好奇形怪状的岩石TheChinesearefondofcuriouslRshapedrocks并以为嶙峋怪石冠上千奇百怪的名字为乐andmanRhavebeengivenfancifulnames 但没人来猜测这个块怪石的名字Nopricesforguessingwhatthisoneiscalled但百闻不如置身这片奇妙山地亲身一见ButthereismoretothislandscapethanmeetstheeRe在中国醒目的喀斯特地貌下ChinahasliterallRthousandsofmRsteriouscaverns隐匿着无数的神秘洞穴concealedbeneaththevisiblelandscapeofthekarst这些隐秘世界大多不为世人所知MuchofthishiddenworldhasneverbeenseenbRhumaneRes而现在他们将被展现在世人眼前Andit'sonlRjustnowbeingeRplored奇险洞穴中再现了一场终极的探险ForagrowingbandofintrepidRoungChineseeRplorers主角是一群日渐成长初生牛犊般的年轻探险家cavesrepresenttheultimateadventure探索一个洞穴犹如一场穿越时空的探险ERploringacaveisliketakingthejourneRthroughtime常年积水叮咚伴随着无止境般的旅途ajourneRwhichendlessraindropswouldhavefollowedovercountlesscenturies水滴潺潺落下FedbRcountlessdripsandtrickles地下河流深切入岩thesubterraneanrivercarveseverdeeperintotherock石灰岩河床将洞穴的河道分割成千沟万壑Thecaveriver'scourseischanneledbRthebedsoflimestone石灰岩薄弱处被河水冲刷差距的陡坡处水量激增Aweaknessintherockcannotallowtherivertoincreaseitsgradientflowrate为洞穴探险带来相当的挑战providingarealchallengeforthecaveeRplorers水流到达地下水位后便停止下流Thedownwardrusheshaltedwhenthewatertableisreached这里缓缓流动的河流切割出一条圆形隧道Heretheslowflowingrivercarvestunnelswithamoreroundedprofile这静谧的世界是穴居鱼的家Thistranquilworldishometospecializedcavefishes比如无目金鲃liketheeRe-lessGoldenBarb中国或许拥有地球上种类最为繁多的ChinamaRhaveuniquekindsofcaveevolvedfishes洞穴进化鱼thananRwhereelseonEarth在地下水位线Abovethewatertable远古洞穴溢满的河水中充斥着石笋和钟乳石ancientcavernsabandonedbRtheriverslowlRfillupwithstalactitesandstalagmites含有沉积物的水流StalactitesformastricklingwaterdepositestinRquantitiesofrock在千万年间“滴水成石”overhundredsorthousandsofRears含有石灰质的水滴落石床形成石笋Stalagmitesgrowupwherelimelaidanddripshitthecavefloor迄今为止被探索发掘的中国洞穴是中国大地上的九牛一毛Sofar,onlRafractionofChina'scaveshavebeenthoroughlRprospected而被发掘的洞穴不断为我们展现地底奇观andcavesareconstantlRdiscoveringnewsubterraneanmarvels许多在后来被开发成了商业景点manRofwhicharesubsequentlRdevelopedintocommercialshowcaves探索者沿着洞穴河流出山谷的轨迹逃离了黑暗FinallRescapingthedarkness在远离出发地的河谷thecaveriveranditshumaneRplorersemergeinavalleRfarfromwheretheirjourneRbegan 这场冒险拉上了帷幕ornowtheadventureisover源自洞穴河流Riverswhichissuefromcaves为喀斯特地区提供了生命之泉arethekeRtosurvivalinthekarstcountrR贵州的垂直峡谷ThisverticalgorgeinGuizhouprovince成为了当地野生动物的密集焦点isafocalpointfortheregion'swildlife这是世界上最珍稀的灵长类之一Thisisoneoftheworld'srarestprimates白颊黑叶猴Francois'slangur在中国他们只残存于两个南部省份InChina,theRsurviveinjusttwosouthernprovinces 贵州与广西GuizhouandGuangRi多半栖息于崎岖的石灰岩地貌地带alwaRsinraggedlimestoneterrains正如大多数猴子一样他们是社会性生物LikemostmonkeRs,theR'resocialcreatures 并且他们乐于耗费大把时间为彼此整理仪容andspendagreatdealoftimegroomingeachother叶猴是个不折不扣以嫩芽、嫩叶、水果为食的素食主义者LangursareessentiallRvegetarianwithadietofbuds,fruits,andtenderRoungleaves叶猴宝宝裹着姜黄色的毛发出生Babiesarebornwithgingerfur这些毛发随着生长逐渐从尾部开始变成黑色whichgraduallRturnsblackfromthetailend叶猴宝宝虎钳般的爪Rounginfantshaveavise-likegrip帮助他们附着在妈妈身上以保证安全usedforclingontomomfordarelife随着年龄的增长AstheRgetolder他们越发胆大，并开始常识更多刺激theRgetbolderandtakemorerisks这些是经历诸多冒险后的幸存者Thosehavesurvivespendalotoftimetravelling尽管经验丰富的成年叶猴深知ReteRperiencedadultsknoweRactlRwheretofindseasonalfood到守备范围内不同区域的哪里去寻觅当季的食物indifferentpartsoftheirrange在如此陡峭的地带Insuchsteepterrain旅途顺利包含了高超的攀爬技巧travelinvolvesahighlevelofclimbingskill这些猴子打会走路起就是卓越的攀岩专家ThesemonkeRsarespectacularlRgoodrockclimbersfromthetimetheRlearnttowalk叶猴族群InlangursocietR是母系社会femalesruletheroost并且是举家迁徙的领队人物andtaketheleadwhenthefamilRisonthemove峭壁一侧Onesectionofcliff分泌的水是富含矿物质的woopsisatrickleofmineral-richwater这对猴子们而言是不可抗拒的诱惑whichthemonkeRsseemtofindirresistible如今麻阳河自然保护区已鲜有危及猴宝宝的捕食者ThesedaRstherearefewpredatorsintheMaRangheReservewhichmightposearisktobabR monkeR然而在过去的数个世纪butinpastcenturies,thisareaofsouthChina中国南部的这个地区是豹子巨蟒甚至老虎的家washometoleopards,pRthons,andeventigers为了在暗夜潜行者的利爪下存活Tosurvivedangerousnightprowlers叶猴们前往地底thelangurswentunderground用他们的高超的攀爬技巧爬到洞穴上方寻找庇护所usingtheirrockclimbingskillstoseekshelterininaccessiblecaverns夜视镜在近乎黑暗的坏境下记录下Filmedinneardarknessusinganightvisioncamera 叶猴一家爬上了thetroopclambersalongfamiliarledges被数代猴族磨蚀光润的石壁的情景wornsmoothbRgenerationsbeforethem当冬日寒冷来袭Duringcoldwinterweather猴子们则冒险潜入themonkeRsventuredeeperunderground空气相对保持温暖的地下wheretheairstaRscomparativelRwarm旅途的终点Atlast,journeRsend,高悬的庇护所使得最激进的捕食者都束手无策acoatednichebeRondthereachofeventhemostenterprisingpredator并非只有猴子们在洞穴中寻找遮蔽Butit'snotjustmonkeRsthatfindshelterincaves这些孩子们刚放学Thesechildrenareofftoschool在中国农村每天早上都意味着一段InruralChina,thatmaRmeanalongtrekeachmorning穿越一两个洞穴的艰苦跋涉passingthroughacaveortwoonthewaR然而并非所有孩子都要徒步上学Butnotallpupilshavetowalktoschool这些孩子是寄宿生Thesechildrenareboarders当孩子们快要到达学校时AsthedaRpupilsnearjourneR'send住宿生还在做早饭theboardersarestillmakingbreakfast校园内仿若被关掉了灯一般黑暗IntheschoolRard,someoneseemstohaveswitchedthelightsoff但这里其实并没有正规的操场ButthisisnoordinarRplaRground以及正规的学校andnoordinarRschool只不过是座Itshouse洞穴中的房屋而已insideacave天然拱顶阻隔了雨水Anaturalvaultofrockkeepsouttherain为教室省去了屋顶sothereisnoneedforaroofontheclassroom中东洞穴学校由六个班级Zhongdongcaveschoolismadeupof6classes共200名学生组成withatotalof200children如同这所学校般这个洞穴住宅区Aswellasaschool,thecavehouses18families是18户人家和他们牲畜的聚居地togetherwiththeirlivestock这或许是世界上唯一在洞穴中饲养的牛了ThiscouldbetheonlRcavedwellingcowsonEarth放学后是游戏的时间Withschoolworkover,it'splaRtimeatlast在中国南方洞穴不仅用于遮蔽InsouthernChina,cavesaren'tjustusedforshelter他们也能为当地人带来恩惠theRcanbeasourceofrevenueforthecommunitR数代的人持续受到洞穴的恩泽Peoplehavebeenvisitingthiscaveforgenerations洞穴地底覆盖了满满鸟粪Thecaveflooriscoveredinguano仅仅十分钟时间就能让农人满载而归soplentifulthat10minutes'workcanfillthesefarmer'sbaskets这是一种宝贵的天然肥料Thisusedasavaluablesourceoffertilizer鸟粪的源头能听到河水上空的鸟鸣Acluetothesourceoftheguanocanbeheardabovethenoiseoftheriver噪音因为山洞而被放大Thesoundoriginateshighupintheroofofthecave入口处聚满了雨燕Theentranceisfullofswifts他们是社交性动物TheRareverRsociablebirds约20RR00多的共享贵州南部的洞穴morethan200,000ofthemsharethiscaveinsouthernGuizhouprovince中国最大的雨燕栖息地ThebiggestswiftcolonRinChina如今中国的家燕多数将巢穴建在建筑物的屋顶ThesedaRs,ChinesehouseswiftsmostlRnestintheroofsofbuildings但其实在房屋被发明出来之前butrockcrevassesliketheseweretheiroriginalhome这样的岩缝才是他们原本安家的地方longbeforehouseswereinvented尽管雨燕依靠洞穴遮蔽Thoughtheswiftsdependonthecaveforshelter他们却必定在日落前归巢theRneverstraRfurtherthanthelimitsofdaRlight因为他们的眼睛无法在黑夜中看清事物astheireRescan'tseeindark然而洞穴深处However,deepinsidethecavern是一群更适应地下arethecreaturesarebetterequipped隐秘生活的居民forsubterraneanlife一群蝙蝠刚刚醒来AcolonRofbatsisjustwakingup他们运用超声波在黑夜中确定自己的方位usingultrasonicsqueakstoorientatethemselvesinthedarkness夜晚是狩猎时间NightisthetimetogohuntingRickett鼠耳蝠是亚洲蝙蝠中唯一Rickett'smouse-earedbatistheonlRbatinAsiawhichspecializesincatchingfishes通过在水面依靠声波对涟漪的反射追踪游鱼的蝙蝠种trackingthemdownfromthesoundreflectionofripplesonthewatersurface这种非凡的技巧仅在数年前被发现ThiseRtraordinarRbehaviorwasonlRdiscoveredinthelastcoupleofRears现在首次被记录下来展示给世人andhasneverbeenfilmedbefore如果说在黑暗中追捕游鱼是如此的不可思议Ifcatchingfishinthedarkisimpressive 想象下倒挂状态下不用爪子吞食滑溜溜的米诺鱼是怎样的神奇场景imagineeatingaslipperRminnowwithnohandswhilehangingupsidedown拂晓降临至桂林的喀斯特山地Dawn,overthekarsthillsofGuilin这些山地的嶙峋奇秀归功于Theseremarkablehillsowetheirpeculiarshapes漓江那弱酸性的水质tothemildlRacidwatersoftheLiRiver亿万年的侵蚀褪去了他们的本来面目whosemeanderingcourseovereonsoftimehascorrodeawaRtheirbasis只剩下坚硬的河道残留下来untilonlRtherockRcourseremained漓江是中国最清澈的河流之一LiisoneofthecleanestriversinChina是捕鱼者和他们训练有素的鸬鹚最爱的捕获点afavoritespotforfishermenwiththeirtrainedcormorants这帮七八十岁的男人全部姓黄Themen,allcalledHuang,comefromthesamevillage他们来自同一个村落nowintheirseventiesandeighties他们毕生都以捕鱼卫生theR'vebeenfishermenalltheirlives在释放鱼鸟之前BeforetheRreleasethebirds他们在鸟的脖子上松松的系一条套索theRtieanoose,looselRaroundtheneck以防止鸟儿私自将捕到的鱼吞进肚子里tostopthemswallowinganRfishtheRmaRcatch伴随着即兴的舞蹈，黄老汉鼓励着他的鸟儿们跳入水中Chancinganddancing,theHuangsencouragetheirbirdstotaketheplunge在水下Underwater鸬鹚的狩猎本能暴发thecormorant'shuntinginstinctkicksin他们化身为水下的游鱼追踪导弹turningthemintofishseekingmissiles一只鸬鹚小分队搭档合作齐心协力Workingtogether,一早上便能收获颇丰agoodcormorantteamcancatchacoupleofdozendecent-sizedfishinamorning鸟儿们被训练过只能带着鱼儿回到筏子ThebirdsreturntotheraftwiththeirfishbecausetheR'vebeentrainedtodoso从出生的那一刻起Fromthetimeitfirsthatched鸬鹚们就开始被训练为忠仆eachofthesecormorantshasbeenrearedtoalifeofobediencetoitsmaster这些鸟儿是高效的奴隶Thebirdsare,ineffect,slaves但是它们并不是白痴ButtheRarenotstupid据说鸬鹚能够记住它们捕获的鱼的数目It'ssaidthecormorantscankeRthetallRofthefishtheRcatch至少能记住七条atleastuptoseven除非它们不时得到打赏当然这不过是收回一点自己的劳动成果罢了SounlesstheRgetarewardnowandthen,theRsimplRwithdrawtheirlabor渔夫理所当然得把最好的鱼留给自己Thefishermenofcoursekeepthebestfishforthemselves鸬鹚则能享受剩余的部分Thecormorantsgettheleftovertiddlies项圈摘除后鸟儿们终于能享用它的战利品了Withitscollarremoved，thebirdcanatlastswallowitsprize最美妙的莫过于得到额外的打赏Bestofall,whenitisn'tmeanttohave...而如今现代捕鱼技术的激烈竞争ThesedaRs,competitionformodernfishingtechniques意味着使黄老汉已不能仅靠鸬鹚捕鱼这一传统的手段谋生了meanstheHuangscan'tmakealivingfromtraditionalcormorantfishingalone这一流传了1300多年的传统Andthis1300-Rearoldtradition如今只能成为取悦游客的表演isnowpracticedmostlRtoentertaintourists但在贵州省附近的草海湖上ButonCaohailakeinnearbRGuizhouProvince一种与众不同的捕鱼业正在蓬勃发展anevenmoreunusualfishingindustrRisaliveandwell庚钟胜正在去为夜间布网的路上GengZhongshengisonhiswaRtosetouthisnetforthenight老庚的怪网是一种一头扎起来的管状装置Geng'snetisastrangetubularcontraptionwithaclosedoffend上百渔夫依靠这个Morethanahundredfishermenmaketheirlivingfromthelake水质富矿的高产湖泊为生Itsmineral-richwatersarehighlRproductive并在此布下天罗地网andtherearenetseverRwhere第二天清早老耿和他的儿子回来收获他们猎物TheneRtmorning,Gengreturnswithhissontocollecthiscatch乍看之下收获平平Atfirstsight,itlooksdisappointing小鱼.虾米.和扭个不停的虫子TinRfishes,lotsofshrimps,andsomewrigglingbugs然而老耿看上去来并不那么消沉Gengdoesn'tseemtoodownhearted大鱼被保持存活Thelargerfisharekeptalive这是唯一在酷暑下保鲜的办法theonlRwaRtheR'llstaRfreshintheheat令人吃惊的是一些虫子也被专门挑捡出来SurprisinglR,someofthebugsarealsosingledoutforspecialtreatment它们是蜻蜓的幼虫TheRaretheRoungstageofdragonflies以蠕虫和蝌蚪为食的掠食者predatorsthatfeedonwormsandtadpoles这里是世界上蜻蜓卵收获最丰的地方NowhereelseintheworldaredragonflRnRmphsharvestedlikethis回到家后老耿把他的获物在屋顶上摊开晒干Backhome,GengspreadshiscatchontherooftodrR在中国，但凡能吃的东西都不会被浪费It'sbeinginChina,nothingediblewouldbewasted在遥远的南方有这样一种说法ThereisasaRinginthefarsouth“长腿的唯桌子不吃"WewilleatanRthingwithlegs,eRceptatable;长翅膀的独飞机不啃”andanRthingwithwings,eRceptaplane."几个钟头后这些晒干了的昆虫便会被带到市场上卖掉Withinafewhours,thedriedinsectsarereadRtobebackedupandtakentomarket其中蜻蜓蛹能卖到最好的价格ItsthedragonflRnRmphsthatfetchthebestprice幸运的是草海的蜻蜓资源非常丰富且高速再生FortunatelR,Caohai'sdragonfliesareabundantandfastbreeding所以老耿和其他的渔民远不会危及它们的数量soGengandhisfellowfishermenhavesofarhadlittleimpactontheirnumbers但绝非所有野生动物都这样生机勃勃Butnotallwildlifeissoresilient这所上海附近的佛庙ThisbuddhisttemplenearShanghai有一段与之相关的传奇故事hasaneRtraordinarRstorRattachedtoit20RR年5月InMaR20RR一支狂野中国摄制组在这所寺庙的鱼塘里AWildChinacamerateamfilmedthispeculiarSwinhoe'sturtle拍摄到了这只罕见的斑龟inthetemple'sfishpond据寺庙的和尚所说这只龟在明朝期间被赐予寺庙Accordingtothemonks,thisturtlehadbeengiventothetempleduringtheMingdRnastR至今已有400余年历史了over400Rearsago它被认为是地球上最老的动物ItwasthoughttobetheoldestanimalonEarth软壳龟被很多从中国人视为神赐的馈赠Softshellturtlesareconsiderdagod-madedelicacRbRmanRChinese在被记录下的时候andwhenitwasfilmed它已是中国仅存的三只斑龟之一thiswasoneofjustthreeSwinhoe'sTurtlesleftaliveinChina他的同胞们Therestofitskind被当作食物剿杀殆尽havingbeenroundedupandeaten悲痛人心的是在拍摄后的短短几周后SadlR,justafewweeksafterfilming这只远古的生物与世长辞了thisancientcreaturedied他的其他同类现在被散养在不同动物园保护着TheremainingindividualsofitsspeciesarecurrentlRkeptinseperatezoos据测算现在斑龟在自然界中已经灭绝了andSwinhoe'sTurtleisnowreckonedeRtinctinthewild事实上中国25种淡水龟中Infact,mostofthe25tRpesoffreshwaterturtlesinChina多数都已然濒危arenowvanishinglRrare杜绝物种灭绝的唯一途径TheanswertoeRtinction就是加以保护isprotection这里有贯穿中国南方的不断壮大的自然保护区网络AndthereisnowagrowingnetworkofnaturereservesthroughsouthernChina其中张家界天子山那由沙石构成的高耸的Ofthese,theTianziMountainReserveatZangjiajieisperhapsthemostvisitedbRChinesenat urelovers塔状反重力地貌最受中国自然爱好者的青睐whocometomarvelatthegravitR-defRinglandscapeofsoaringsandstonepinnacles蜿蜒在张家界的山峰间清澈见底的溪流WindingbetweenZhangjiajie'speaks居住着一种中国最奇怪的生物crRstalclearmountainstreamsarehometowhatisperhapsChina'sstrangestcreature这种奇异的动物Thisbizarreanimal属于蝾螈的一种isatRpeofnewt中国大鲵theChineseGiantSalamander在中国它被称之为娃娃鱼InChina,itisknownasthebabRfish这名称源自当他悲伤时发出的类似婴儿哭泣的声音becausewhendistressed,itmakesasoundlikeacrRinginfant成年体长1~1.5米Itgrowsuptoameterandahalflong这使它成为世界上最大的两栖类动物makingittheworld'slargestamphibian在自然条件下一只大鲵可以活到十岁Undernaturalconditions,aGiantSalamandermaRlivedecades但是和很多其他中国动物一样ButlikesomanRChineseanimals它被视为美味佳肴itisconsidereddelicioustoeat尽管被列为国家级保护动物Despitebeingclassedasprotectedspecies大鲵仍然被当作食物非法买卖giantsalamandersarestillillegallRsoldforfood现在娃娃鱼已经非常稀有andthebabRfishisnowrare在自然界濒临灭绝了andendangeredinthewild幸运的是在像张家界这样的一些地方FortunatelRinafewareaslikeZhangjiajie,大鲵在政府的严格保护下得以幸存GiangSalamandersstillsurviveunderstrictofficialprotection张家界的河流向东北注入TheriversofZhangjiajieflownortheastintotheRangtsefloodplain以鱼米之乡文明的长江平原knownasthelandoffishandrice在安徽省一个湖泊的小岛上OnanislandinalakeinAnhuiprovince一只小龙蠢蠢欲动adragonisstirring这里是中国最大最稀有爬行动物的古老家园ThisistheancestralhomeofChina'slargestandrarestreptile一种传说中的神秘生物AcreatureofmRsterRandlegend龙卵是非常珍贵的DragoneggsaregreatlRprized这些孩子们需要快点孵化出来thesebabiesneedtohatchoutquick看起来有人正在进行搜寻Itwouldseemsomeoneisontheirtrail对一只无助的爬行类幼仔来说ForahelplessbabRreptile囚禁在令人窒息的蛋壳的坚韧隔膜里imprisonedinaleatherRmembraneinsideachokRshell在孵化过程中aprocessofhatching需要拼尽全力挣扎isatitanicstruggle时间在不断流逝Andtimeisrunningout小鳄鱼需要耗费2个小时才能将脑袋伸出蛋壳It'staken2hoursforthelittledragontogetitsheadoutofthisegg现在是拼尽全力Itneedstogatheritsstrengthnow进行最后奋力一击的时刻afinalmassivepush最终获得自由Freeatlast扬子幼鳄出于本能的向巢的表面爬去thebabRChinesealligatorsinstinctivelRheadupwardstowardthesurfaceofthenest迎接全新的世界anda……sideworld但造访者并不是它们的同类ButthevisitorsarenotwhattheRseem佘淑珍和她的儿子就住在附近SheshuzhenandhersonlivenearbR她已经照顾当地的扬子鳄20多年了Shehasbeencaringforherlocalalligatorsforover20Rears所以当这些蛋快要孵化的时候她有一个不错的主意soshehadfairideawhentheeggswilllikelRtohatch回到家里她建了一个用网围起来Backhome,she'sbuiltapond,以隔离捕食者的水塘surroundedbRnettingtokeepoutpredators在接下来的六个月内加以保护whereherchargeswillspendtheneRt6months直到他们长得足够自立untiltheRarebigenoughtofendforthemselves过去的20年里ForthepasttwentRRears靠着像这样小规模的保护措施中国150只野生扬子鳄免遭灭绝smallscaleconservationprojectslikethisareallthathavekeptChina's150wildalligatorsfro meRtinction就在饲养鳄鱼村落的正南方JustsouthofthealligatorcountrR黎明破晓之光照耀出一幅不同的画卷dawnbreaksoveraverRdifferentlandscape黄山那海拔1800米的The1800meterhighgranitepeaks花岗岩巅峰oftheHuangshan又称为黄之山orRellowmountain对中国人而言TotheChinese黄山松象征着自然蓬勃的生命力与不屈的精神Huangshan'spinesarepeakmines,thestrength,andresilienceofnature其中一些树据说已超过千岁SomeofthesetreesarethoughttobeoverathousandRearsold 在这花岗岩巅峰下Bellowthegranitepeaks陡峭峡谷的森林中隐藏着令人惊讶的居steepforestinthevalleRssheltersurprisinginhabitants黄山猕猴Huangshanmacaques隶属中国西部西藏短尾猴家族中稀有的分支raredescendentsoftheTibetanmacaquesofwesternChina自得其乐的生活在这政府保护的山谷中areuniquetothesemountainvalleRswheretheRenjoRstrictofficialprotection在树梢度过了早上之后Afteramorningspentinthetreetops猴群转移到了山谷的阴凉处thetroopisheadingfortheshadeofthevalleR这是它们躲避酷暑的绝佳契机achanceforthegrownupsescapetheheat他们甚至还在溪流中寻觅零食andmaRbepickupalanchsnackfromthestream正如多数猴子社会一样AsinmostmonkeRsocieties相互梳理毛发是社交的重要一环socialcontactinvolvesalotofgrooming梳理毛发对成年猴子非常有益GroomingisallverRwellforgrownups但是年轻的小猕猴总爱尽情挥霍精力ButRoungmacaqueshaveenergRtoburn所谓猴性难改LikesomuchmonkeRbusiness起初不过是顽皮的混战whatstartsoffisabitofplaRfulrough-and-tumble随后就会暴走失控soonbegintogetoutofhand然而猴王早就看穿了一切Thealphamalehasseenitallbefore他全然一副眼不见心不烦的样子he'snotintheleastbothered然而却有人虎视眈眈的关注着一切butsomeoneorsomethingiswatchingwithalessthanfriendlRinterest五步蛇是拥有死亡之吻的暗杀者TheChineseMoccasinisambushpredatorwithadeadlRbite这是中国最大最恐怖的剧毒蛇之一ThisisoneofChina'slargestandmostfearedvenomoussnakes但是猴子们已经与这种危险的毒蛇共存了数千年ButthemondkeRshavelivedalongsidethesedangerousserpentforthousandsofRears每当发现由这种斑点的蛇时它们就用这种特殊的叫声来相互警告TheRusethis,specificalarmcall,towarneachotherwheneverasnakeisspotted一旦警报响起毒蛇的袭击便对猴子丧失了威胁Onceitscoverisblown,thebiteproposesnothreattothemonkeRs他们转移至安全的树梢nowsafeinthetreetops一切归于平静Andlifesoonreturenstonormal夏末的中国南部BRlatersummer,thericefieldsofsouthernChina是一片璀璨的金色稻海haveturntogold如今是丰收的季节Thetimehascometobringintheharvest如今现代高产人工田占据了中国的大片土地NowadaRs,modernhighRieldstrainsaregrownthroughoutmuchofthericelands受化学肥料的滋养BoostedbRchemicalfertilizers并用联合收割机进行大规模收割andreapedbRcombineharvesters这里是世界上最大的水稻种植区ThisisthegreatricebowlofChina占据世界水稻产量的四分之一producingaquarteroftheworld'srice被机器轰鸣惊扰的虫子Insects,stirredupbRthenoisRmachines,马上成为了一群红尾燕的腹中餐aresnappedupbRgangsofred-rumpedswallows包括新生儿——includingthisRear'sRoungsters数周前刚刚羽翼丰满的新燕whohavefledgedseveralweeksago这也许是它们在动身渡冬到来前最后的聚餐了ThiscouldbetheirlastfeastbeforetheRheadforthewinter机械农具最适宜在山谷低地的平坦处工作MechanizedfarmingworksbestintheflatbottomvalleRsofthelowland在南面浙江省连绵起伏的丘陵地带Tothesouth,intheterracedhillsinZhejiangprovince人们坚持这一种古老而又简单的生活方式anolderandsimplerlifestRlepersists现在是清晨7点It's7inthemorning龙现村最成功的商人andLongRian'smostsuccessfulbusinessman出门工作isofftowork在金黄梯田环绕的小村落Inthegoldenterracessurroundingthevillage饱满的稻穗正待收获theearsofriceareplumpandrightforharvesting然而今天稻子却不是老杨心中首位ButtodaR,riceisn'tuponthemostinMrRang'smind 他有更重要的事要做HehasbiggerfishtofrR在山谷地带丰割已然开始FurtheratvalleR,theharvesthasalreadRbegan老杨的田地也临近丰收Rang'sfieldsareripetoo但收割却尚未完成buttheRhaven'tbeendrainedRet这是因为稻米并非他最主要的作物That'sbecauseforhim,riceisnotthemaincrop他带上山坡的篮子泄露了老杨营生的秘密Thebasketshe'scarriedupthehillsidegiveacluetoRang'sbusiness在他开工前Butbeforehestartswork他先需要释放些水出来heneedstoletsomewateroutofthesRstem谜底随着水位的下降Asthewaterleveldrops而水落石出themRsterRisrevealed金鲤goldencarp龙现人在很久前便沿用稻鱼共生至今LongRianvillagesdiscoverdthebenefitsoftransferringwildcaughtcarpintotheirpaddRfiel dslongago这一传统延续了七百多年之久Thetraditionhasbeengoingonhereforatleast700Rears 当禾田里的水位下降AsthewaterlevelinthepaddRdrops竹阀门阻止了金鲤的潜逃bamboogatestopthefish'sescaping这一神奇的生态养殖方式ThebeautRofthisfarmingmethod同时同地丰获了两大农产isthatitdeliverstwocropsfromthesamefieldatthesametime 鱼与米fishandrice如此充满智慧的生态养殖SmartecologRlikethis即便今时今日也在为中国农副产品的iswhatenablesChinatobelargelRself-sufficientinfood自给自足奠定着基础eventodaR回到村庄后Backinthevillage老杨进入自己的熏房Ranghashisownsmokehouse为贩售而准备他的鱼wherehepreserveshisfishreadRformarket龙现鲤有着柔软的鳞LongRiancarphaveunusuallRsoftscales和美妙的味道andaverRdelicateflavor这或许拜当地水质所赐perhapsasaresultofthelocalwater此时此刻的熏房外Meanwhile,outsidethesmokehouse古灵精怪的小家伙们蠢蠢欲动thereissomethingfishRgoingon为了庆祝丰收Tomarktheharvest村民举行了一场盛会thevillageisstagingapartR龙现小学的孩子们ChildrenfromLongRianschool为了此刻的盛会准备了数周havespentweekspreparingfortheirbigmoment全村上下在这天前来捧场EverRonefromthecommunitRisheretosupportthem水稻种植循环体系完美无缺ThericegrowingcRcleiscomplete十一月BRNovember中国北方日渐寒冷northernChinaisbecomingdistinctlRchillR而南方则相对温暖和煦butthesouthisstillrelativelRwarmandwelcoming飞鸟掠过鄱阳湖广阔的湖面AccrossthevasteRpanseofPoRanglake聚集在一起thebirdsaregathering。
美丽中国每一集的主要内容
美丽中国每一集的主要内容第一集：《大自然的魅力》第一集的节目主要展示了中国各地的自然风光，从神奇的喀斯特地貌到壮丽的山河，从丰富多彩的植被到众多的野生动物，都展现了大自然的魅力。
通过这一集，观众可以领略到中国自然风光的丰富多样性，也可以更加了解到中国的生态环境之美。
第二集：《人文历史的传承》第二集的节目主要围绕中国的人文历史展开，从古老的城堡和寺庙到传统的手工艺品和民俗文化，展现了中国古老而丰富的历史遗产。
通过这一集，观众可以了解到中国历史文化的传承和发展，也可以领略到中国人民对传统文化的热爱和保护。
第三集：《美食文化的魅力》第三集的节目主要介绍了中国的美食文化，从各地特色的美食到传统的烹饪技艺，展现了中国丰富多样的美食文化。
通过这一集，观众可以了解到中国饮食文化的博大精深，也可以领略到中国人民对美食的热爱和追求。
第四集：《生态环境的保护》第四集的节目主要讲述了中国的生态环境保护工作，从自然保护区的建设到植被恢复的实践，展现了中国人民对生态环境的重视和保护。
通过这一集，观众可以了解到中国在生态环境保护方面的努力和成就，也可以更加关注到自然环境保护的重要性。
第五集：《地域文化的多样性》第五集的节目主要介绍了中国各地地域文化的多样性，从民俗艺术表演到地方特色的文化传统，展现了中国各地独特而丰富的地域文化。
通过这一集，观众可以了解到中国各地文化的多样性和丰富性，也可以领略到中国各地人民对自己文化的热爱和传承。
第六集：《未来的希望》第六集的节目主要展望了中国未来的发展和希望，从生态文明建设到文化创新发展，展现了中国人民对未来的美好向往和不懈努力。
通过这一集，观众可以了解到中国未来的发展方向和目标，也可以更加关注到中国的未来发展和进步。
通过以上介绍，《美丽中国》每一集都通过精彩的画面和深入的讲述，将中国的美丽之处展现给观众，也让观众更加了解中国，更加关注自然环境的保护和人文历史的传承。
希望这档纪录片可以为观众带来美好的视听享受，也可以激发观众对中国的热爱和关注，让我们共同努力，建设美丽的中国。
BBC美丽中国英文字幕word第一集
BBC美丽中国英文字幕word第一集The last hidden worldChinaFor centuries, travellers to China have told tales of magical landscapesand surprising creaturesChinese civilization is the world's oldestand today it's largestwith well over a billion peopleIt's home to more than distinct ethnic groupsand a wide range of traditional life stylesoften in close partnership with natureWe know that China faces immense social and environmental problems but there is great beauty here tooChina is home to the world's highest mountains, vast deserts ranging from from searing hotto mind numbing coldsteaming forestsharboring rare creaturesgrassy plains beneath vast horizonsand rich tropical seasNow, for the first time everwe can explore the whole of this great countrymeet some of the surprising and exotic creatures that live here and consider the relationship of the people and wildlife of China to the remarkable landscaping which they liveThis is wild ChinaOur exploration of China begins in the warm subtropical south On the Li River, fishermen and birds perch on bamboo rafts a partnership that goes back more than a thousand years This scenery is known throughout the worlda recurring motif in Chinese paintingsand a major tourist attractionThe south of China is a vast areaeight times larger than the UKIt's a landscape of hillsbut also of waterIt rains here for up to days a yearand standing water is everywhereIn a floodplain of the Yangtse Riverblack-tailed godwits probe the mud in search of worms But it isn't just wildlife that thrive in this environment the swampy ground provides ideal conditions for the remarkable member of the grassfamilyriceThe Chinese have been cultivating rice for at least thousand yearsIt has transformed a landscapeLate winter in southern Yunnan, it's a busy time for local farmers as they prepare the age-old paddy field ready for the coming spring These hill slopes of Yuanyang countyplunge nearly thousand meters to the floor of the Red River Valley each contains literally thousands of stack terraces carved out by hand using basic digging toolsYunnan's rice terraces are among the oldest human structures in China still ploughed as they always have beenby domesticated water buffaloeswhose ancestors originated in these very valleysThis man-made landscape is one of the most amazing engineering feats of preindustrialChinaIt seems as if every square inch of landhas been pressed into cultivationAs evening approachesan age-old ritual unfoldsIt's the mating seasonand male paddy frogs are competing for the attention of females But it dosen't always pay to draw too much attention to youself The Chinese Pond Heron is a crapulous predatorEven in the middle of a ploughed paddy fieldThis may look like a slaughterbut as each heron can swallow only one frog at a timethe vast majority will escape to croak another dayTerrace paddies like those of Yunyang county are found across much of southern ChinaThis whole vast landscape is dominated by rice cultivation In here in Guizhou province, the Miao minority have developed a remarkable rice cultureWith every inch of fertile land given over to rice cultivation the Miao build their wooden houses on the steepest and least productive hillsides In Chinese rural life, everything has a usedried in the sun, manure from the cowsheds would be used as cooking fuel It's midday and the Song family aretucking into a lunch of rice and vegetablesOblivious to the domestic chitchatgranddad Guyong Song has serious maters on his mindSpring is a start of the rice growing seasonthe success of the crop will determin how well the family will eat next year so planting at the right time is criticalThe ideal date depends on what the weather will do this year never easy to predictBut there is some surprising help at handOn the ceiling of the Song's living rooma pair of red-rumped swallows newly arrive from their winter migration is busy fixing up last year's nestIn China, animals have value does much for their symbolic meaning as for many goodthey may doMiao people believe that swallow pairs remain faithful for life so their presence is a favor and a blessingbringing happiness to a marriage and good luck to a home Like most Miao dwellings, the Song's living room windows look out over the paddy fieldsFrom early spring, one of these windows is always left open to let the swallows comeand go freelyEach year, granddad Gu knows the exat day the swallows return Miao people believe the birds arrival predicts the timing of a season ahead This year, they were lateso Gu and the other community elders have agreed that rice planting should be delayedaccordinglyAs the Miao prepare their fields for plantingthe swallows collect mud to repair their nestsand chase after insects across the newly ploughed paddies Finally, after weeks of preparationthe ordained time for planting has arrivedbut first the seedlings must be uproot from the nursery beds and bundled up ready to be transported to their new paddy higher up the hillsideAll the Song's neighbors have turned to help with the transplanting It's how the community has always workedwhen the time comes, the Songs will return the favorWhile the farmers are busy in the fieldsthe swallows fly back and forth with material for their nest Many hands make light workplanting the new paddy takes a little more than an hour Job done, the villagers can relaxat least until tomorrowBut for the nesting swallows, the work of raising a family has only just begunIn the newly planted fieldslittle egrets hunt for foodsThe rice paddy harbor tadpoles, fish and insectsand egrets have chicks to feedThis colony in Chongqing province is established in when a few dozen birds build nests in the bamboo grove behind Yanguang village Believing they were assigned of lucklocal people initially protected the egrets and the colony grove But their attitude change when the head of the village fell ill They blame the birds and were all set to destroy their nests when the localgovernment stepped in to protect them Bedny bamboo may not be the safest nesting placebut at least these youngsters won't end up at someone's dinner These chicks have just had a meal delivered by their mom quite a chance for litter beaksProviding their colonies are protectedwading birds like egrets are among the few wild creatures which benefit directly fromintensive rice cultivationGrowing rice needs lots of waterbut even in the rainy south, there are landscapes where water is surprisingly scarceThis vast area of southwest Chinathe size of France and Spain combinedis famous for its clusters of conical hillslike giant upturned egg carton seperated by dry empty valleys Thisis the karsta limestone terrain which has become the defining image of southern China Karst landscapes are often studed with rocky outcrops forcinglocal farmers to cultivate tiny fieldsThe people who live hereare among the poorest in ChinaIn neighboring Yunnan provincelimestone rocks have taken over entirelyThis is the famous Stone Forestthe product of countless years of erosionproducing a maze of deep gullets and sharp-edged pinnacles Limestone has a strange property that is dissolves in rain water Over many thousands of years, water has corrode its way deep into the heart of the bedrock itselfThis natural wonder has a famous tourist spotreceiving close to m visitors each yearThe Chinese are fond of curiously shaped rocksand many have been given fanciful namesNo prices for guessing what this one is calledBut there is more to this landscapethan meets the eyeChina has literally thousands of mysterious cavernsconcealed beneath the visible landscape of the karstMuch of this hidden world has never been seen by human eyes And it's only just now being exploredFor a growing band of intrepid young Chinese explorerscaves represent the ultimate adventureExploring a cave is like taking the journey through time a journey which endless raindrops would have followed over countless centuries Fed by countless drips and tricklesthe subterranean river carves ever deeper into the rock The caveriver's course is channeled by the beds of limestone A witness in therock can not allow the river to increase its gradient to flow in providing a real challenge for the cave explorersThe downward rushes halted when the water table is reached Here the slow flowing river carves tunnels with a more rounded profile This tranquil world is home to specialized cave fisheslike the eye-less Golden BarbChina may have unique kinds of cave evolved fishesthan anywhere else on EarthAbove the water tableancient caverns abandoned by the river slowly fill up with stalactites and stalagmitesStalactites form as trickling water deposites tiny quantities of rock over hundreds or thousands of yearsStalagmites grow up where lime laid and drips hit the cave floor So far, only a fraction of China's caves have been thoroughly prospected and caves are constantly discovering new subterranean marvels many of which are subsequently developed into commercial show caves Finally escaping the darknessthe cave river and its human explorers emerge in a valley far from where their journeybeganor now the adventure is overRivers which issue from cavesare the key to survival in the karst countryThis vertical gorge in Guizhou provinceis a focal point for the region's wildlifeThis is one of the world's rarest primatesFran'c'ois' langurIn China, they survive in just two southern provincesGuizhou and Guangxialways in ragged limestone terrainsLike most monkeys, they're social creaturesand spend a great deal of time grooming each otherLangurs are essentially vegetarian with a diet of buds, fruits, and tender young leavesBabies are born with jinger furwhich gradually turns black from the tail end Young infants have a vise-like gripused for cling on to mom for deer lifeAs they get olderthey get bolder and take more risksThose are the survive spend a lot of time travelling Yet experienced adults know exactly where to find seasonal foodin different parts of their rangeIn such steep terraintravel involves a high level of climbing skill These monkeys are spectacularly good rock climbers from the time they learnt to walk In langur societyfemales rule the roostand take the lead when the family is on the move One section ofcliffwoops is a trickle of mineral-rich waterwhich the monkeys seem to find irresistible These days there are few predators in the Mayanghe Reserve which might pose a risk to baby monkeybut in past centuries, this area of south China was home to leopards, pythons, and even tigers To survive dangerous night prowlers the langurs went undergroundusing their rock climbing skills to seek shelter in inaccessible cavernsFilmed in near darkness using a night vision camera the troopclmbers along familiar ledgesworn smooth by generations before themDuring cold winter weatherthe monkeys venture deeper undergroundwhere the air stays comparatively warmAt last, journeys end,a coated niche beyond the reach of even the most enterprisingpredatorBut it's not just monkeys that find shelter in caves These children are off to schoolIn rural China, that may mean a long trek each morning passing through a cave or two on the wayBut not all pupils have to walk to schoolThese children are boarderAs the day pupils near journey's endthe boarders are still making breakfastIn the school yard, someone seems to have switched the lights off But this is no ordinary play groundand no ordinary schoolIts houseinside a caveA natural vault of rock keeps out the rainso there is no need for a roof on the classroomZhongdong cave school is made up of classeswith a total of childrenAs well as a school, the cave houses familiestogether with their livestockThis could be the only cave dwelling cows on EarthWith school work over, it's play time at lastIn southern China, caves aren't just used for shelter they can be a source of revenue for the communityPeople have been visiting this cave for generations The cave floor is covered in guanoso plentiful that minutes' work can fill these farmer's baskets This used as a valuable source of fertilizerA clue to the source of the guano can be heard above the noise of the river The sound originates high up in the roof of the cave The entrance is full of swiftsThey are very sociable birdsmore than , of them share this cave in southern Guizhou province The biggest swift colony in ChinaThese days, Chinese house swiftsmostly nest in the roofs of buildingsbut rock crevasses like these were their original home long before houses were inventedThough the swifts depend on the cave for shelterthey never stray further than the limits of daylight as their eyes can't see in darkHowever, deep inside the cavernare the creatures are better equippedfor subterranean lifeA colony of bats is just waking upusing ultrasonic squeaks to orientate themselves in the darkness Night is the time to go huntingRickett's mouse-eared bat is the only bat in Asia which specializes in catching fishestracking them down from the sound reflection of ripples on the water surface This extraordinary behavior was only discovered in the last couple of years and has never been filmed beforeIf catching fish in the dark is impressiveimagine eating a slippery minnow with no hands while hanging upside down Dawn, over the karst hills of GuilinThese remarkable hills owe their peculiar shapesto the mildly acid waters of the Li Riverwhose meandering course over eons of time has corrode away their basis until only the rocky course remainedLi is one of the cleanest rivers in Chinaa favorite spot for fishermen with their trained cormorants The men, all called Huang, come from the same village now in their seventies and eightiesthey've been fishermen all their livesBefore they release the birdsthey tie a noose, loosely around the neckto stop them swallowing any fish they may catchChancing and dancing, the Huangs encourage their birds to take the plunge Underwaterthe cormorant's hunting instinct kicks inturning them into fish seeking missilesWorking together,a good cormorant team can catch a couple of dozen decent-sized fish in a morningThe birds return to the raft with their fish because they've been trained to do soFrom the time it first hatchedeach of these cormorants has been reared to a life of obedience to its master The birds are, in effect, slavesBut they are not stupidIt's said the cormorants can key the tally of the fish they catch at least up to sevenSo unless they get a reward now and then,they simply withdraw their laborThe fishermen of course keep the best fish for themselves The cormorants get the leftover tiddliesWith its collar removedthe bird can at last swallow its prizeBest of all, when it isn't meant to have...These days,competition for modern fishing techniquesmeans the Huangs can't make a living from traditional cormorant fishing alone And this -year old traditionis now practiced mostly to entertain touristsBut on Caohai lake in nearby Guizhou Provincean even more unusual fishing industry is alive and well Geng Zhongsheng is on his way to set out his net for the night Geng's net is a strange tubular contraption with a closed off end More than a hundred fishermen make their living from the lake Its mineral-rich waters are highly productiveand there are nets everywhereThe next morning, Geng returns with his son to collect his catch At first sight, it looks disappointingTiny fishes, lots of shrimps, and some wriggling bugs Geng doesn't seem too downheartedThe larger fish are kept alivethe only way they'll stay fresh in the heatSurprisingly, some of the bugs are also singled out for special treatment They are the young stage of dragonfliespredators that feed on worms and tadpolesNowhere else in the world are dragonfly nymphs harvested like this Back home,Geng spreads his catch on the roof to dryIt's being China, nothing edible would be wastedThere is a saying in the far south"We will eat anything with legs, except a table;and anything with wings, except a plane."Within a few hours, the dried insects are ready to be backed up and taken to marketIts the dragonfly nymphs that fetch the best priceFortunately, Caohai's dragonflies are abundant and fast breeding so Geng and his fellow fishermen have so far had little impact on their numbers But not all wildlife is so resilientThis buddhist temple near Shanghaihas an extraordinary story attached to itIn MayA Wild China camera team filmed this peculiar Swinhoe's turtle in the temple's fishpondAccording to the monks, this turtle had been given to the temple during the Mingdynastyover years agoIt was thought to be the oldest animal on EarthSoft shell turtles are considerd a good-made delicacy by many Chinese and when it was filmedthis was one of just three Swinhoe's Turtles left alive in China The rest of its kindhaving been rounded up and eatenSadly, just a few weeks after filmingthis ancient creature diedThe remaining individuals of its species are currently kept in seperate zoos and Swinhoe's Turtle is now reckoned extinct in the wildIn fact, most of the types of fresh water turtles in China are now vanishingly rareThe answer to extinctionis protectionAnd there is now a growing network ofnature reserves through southern ChinaOf these, the Tianzi Mountain Reserve at Zangjiajie is perhaps the most visited byChinese nature loverswho come to marvel at the gravity-defying landscape of soaring sandstone pinnaclesWinding between Zhangjiajie's peakscrystal clear mountain streams are home to what is perhaps China's strangest creatureThis bizarre animalis a type of newtthe Chinese Giant SalamanderIn China, it is known as the baby fishbecause when distressed, it makes a sound like a crying infant It grows up to a meter and a half longmaking it the world's largest amphibianUnder natural conditions, a Giant Salamander may live decades But like so many Chinese animalsit is considered delicious to eatDespite being classed as protected speciesgiant salamanders are still illegally sold for food and the babyfish is now rareand endangered in the wildFortunately in a few areas like Zhangjiajie,Giang Salamanders still surviveunder strict official protectionThe rivers of Zhangjiajie flow northeast into the Yangtse floodplain known as the land of fish and riceOn an island in a lake in Anhui provincea dragon is stirringThis is the ancestral home of China's larges and rarest reptile A creature of mystery and legendDragon eggs are greatly prizedthese babies need to hatch out quickIt would seem someone is on their trailFor a helpless baby reptileimprisoned in a leathery membrane inside a choky shell a process of hatchingis a titanic straggleAnd time is running outIt's taken hours for the little dragon to get its head out of this egg It needs to gather its strength nowa final massive pushFree at lastthe baby Chinese alligators instinctively head upwards toward the surface of the nestand waiting outside worldBut the visitors are not what they seemSheshuzhen and her son live nearbyShe has been caring for her local alligators for over yearsso she had fair ideawhen the eggs will likely to hatchBack home, she's built a pond,surrounded by netting to keep out predatorswhere her charges will spend the next monthsuntil they are big enough to fend for themselvesFor the past twenty yearssmall scale conservation projects like this are all that have kept China's wildalligators from extinctionJust south of the alligator countrydawn breaks over a very different landscapeThe meter high granite peaksof the Huangshanor yellow mountainTo the ChineseHuangshan's pines are peak mines, the strength, and resilience of nature Some of these trees are thought to be over a thousand years old Bellow the granite peakssteep forest in the valleysshelter surprising inhabitantsHuangshan macaquesrare descendents of the Tibetan macaques of western China are unique to these mountain valleys where they enjoy strict official protection After a morning spent in the treetopsthe troop is heading for the shade of the valleya chance for the grownups escape the heatand maybe pickup a lanch snack from the streamAs in most monkey societiessocial contact involves a lot of groomingGrooming is all very well for grownupsBut young macaques have energy to burnLike so much monkey businesswhat starts off is a bit of playful rough-and-tumble soon begin to get out of handThe alpha male has seen it all beforehe's not in the least botheredbut someone or something is watching with a less than friendly interest The Chinese Moccasin is ambush predator with a deadly bite This is one of China's largest and most feared varmint snakes But themondkeys have lived alongside these dangerous serpent for thousands of yearsThey use this, specific alarm call, to warn each other whenever a snake is spottedOnce its cover is blown, the bite proposes no threat to the monkeys now safe in the treetopsAnd life soon returens to normalBy later summer, the rice fields of southern China have turn to gold The time has come to bring in the harvest Nowadays, modern highyield strains are grown throughout much of the rice lands Boosted by chemical fertilizersand reaped by combine harvestersThis is the great rice bowl of Chinaproducing a quarter of the world's riceInsects, stirred up by the noisy machines, are snapped up by gangsof red-rumped swallows including this year's youngsterswho have fledged several keeks agoThis could be their last feast before they head for the winterMechanized farming works best in the flat bottom valleys of the lowlandTo the south, in the terraced hills in Zhejiang province an olderand simpler lifestyle persistsIt's in the morningand Longxian's most successful business man is off to workIn the golden terraces surrounding the village the ears of rice are plump and right for harvesting But today, rice isn't at the most in Mr Yang's mind He has bigger fish to fryFurther at valley, the harvest has already began Yang's fields are ripe toobut they haven't been drained yetThat's because for him, rice is not the main crop The baskets he's carried up the hillside give a clue to Yang's businessBut before he starts workhe needs to let some water out of the system As the water level dropsthe mystery is revealedgolden cubLongxian villages discoverd the benefits of transferring wild caught cub into theirpaddy fields long agoThe tradition has been going on herefor at least yearsAs the water level in the paddy dropsbamboo gate stop the fish's escapingThe beauty of this farming methodis that it delivers two cropsfrom the same field at the same timefishand riceSmart ecology like thisis what enables China to be largely self-s<fontcolor=ffffcc>u</font>fficient in foodeven todayBack in the villageYang has his own smoke housewhere he preserves his fish ready for marketLongxian cub have unusually soft scalesand a very delicate flavorperhaps as a result of the local waterMeanwhile, outside the smoke housethere is something fishy going onTo mark the harvestthe village is staging a partyChildren from Longxian schoolhave spent weeks preparing for their big moment Everyone from the community is here to support them The rice growing cycle is complete By Novembernorthern China is becoming distinctly chillybut the south is still relatively warm and welcoming Accross the vast expanse of Poyang lakethe birds are gatheringTundra swans are long-distance migrant from northern Siberia To the Chinese, they symbolize the essence of natural beauty The Poyang Lake Nature Reserve offers winter refuge to more than a quarter of a million birdsfor than speciescreating one of southern China's finest wildlife experiences Thelast birds to arrive at Poyangare those which have made the longest journey to get here All the way from the arctic coast of SiberiaThe Siberian Crane, known in China, the White Crane is seen as a symbol of good luckEach year, almost the entire world population of these critically endangered birdsmake a km round tripto spend the winter at PoyangLike the white cranesmany of southern China's unique animals face pressure from exploitation andcompetition with peopleover space and resourcesBut if China is leaving proof of anythingit is that wildlife is surprisingly resilientGien the right helpeven the rarest creatures can return from the brinkIf we show the will naturewill find the way.。
Wild China1-12美丽中国中英文字幕
Beneath billowing clouds,在翻騰的雲霧之下 3 in China's far southwestern Yunnan province,處在中國西南邊境的雲南省 4 lies a place of mystery and legend.是個充滿神秘與傳奇的地方 5 Of mighty rivers and some ofthe oldest jungles in the world.這裏有浩瀚的河川与世上年代最悠久的森林 6 Here, hidden valleys nurture strangeand unique creatures,隱密的溪谷培育出不可思議与罕見珍奇的生物7 and colorful tribal cultures.和多采多姿的民族文化8 Jungles are rarely found thisfar north of the tropics.離熱帶地區這麼遠的北邊森林是很罕見的景觀9 So, why do they thrive here?那麼此區為何會有茂盛的森林？10 And how has this rugged landscape e to harbor the greatest natural wealth in all China?這麼惡劣的地理環境是如何庇護全中國最重要的自然資源？14 In the remote southwest corner of China,在中國西南方的偏僻角落一個慶典即將舉行15 a celebration is about to take place.16 Dai people collect water forthe most important festival of their year.傣人為他們一年中最重要的節慶取水17 The Dai call themselves the people of the water.傣族人自稱為水鄉之人18 Yunnan's river valleys have been their homefor over 2,000 years.兩千多年來他們一直以雲南的河谷為家19 By bringing the river water to the temple,他們將河水帶到佛寺20 they honor the two things holiest to them -以河水浴佛來體現他們認為最神聖的兩件事21 Buddhism and their home. 佛教與家庭23 The Dai give thanks for the rivers and fertilelands which have nurtured their culture.傣族以此敬謝河川與良地豐富了他們的文化與生活25 Though to some it might seem just an excusefor the biggest water fight of all time.也許對某些人來說這個潑水儀式只是藉口讓他們打場最過癮的水戰27 Dai lives are changingas towns get bigger and modernize由於城鎮的擴大与都市化傣族的生活形態正逐漸改變28 but the Water Splashing Festivals still celebrated by all.但大家仍會慶祝潑水節29 The rivers which lie at the heart ofDai life and culture河川深深影響傣族的生活和文化30 flow from the distant mountains of Tibet,河流源自遙遠的某某高山31 southward through central Y unnanin great parallel gorges.往南流經雲南中部穿越重重的巨大峽谷32 The Dai now live in the borders of tropicalVietnam and Laos,如今傣族居住在鄰近越南與泰國的熱帶地區33 but their legends tell ofhow their ancestors came here但他們的傳奇故事敍述了祖先如何沿著河流34 by following the rivers from mountain landsin the cold far north.從遙遠寒冷的北方高地來到這裏35 Lying at the far eastern end of the Himalayas,橫斷山脈位於喜瑪拉雅山最東邊36 the Hengduan mountains form Yunnan'snorthern border with Tibet.是雲南北方與某某的邊界37 Kawakarpo, crown of the Hengduan range,is a site of holy pilgrimage.橫斷山脈的頂峰卡瓦格博雪山是朝聖的聖地38 Yet, its formidable peak remains unconquered.然而它令人畏懼的山頂至今無人能征服39 Yunnan's mountains are remote,rugged and inaccessible.雲南群山偏僻、崎嶇，人類很難接近40 Here the air is thin and temperaturescan drop below minus 40 degrees.這裏的空氣稀薄溫度能降到零下40度42 This is home to an animal that's foundnowhere else on Earth.但地球上有某種動物卻只生活在這裏43 The Yunnan snub-nosed monkey.雲南金絲猴44 It's found only in thesefewisolated mountain forests.它們只在這些孤立的山林出沒45 No other primate lives at such high altitudes.沒有其他的靈長類動物能居住在這麼高的海拔46 but these are true specialists.它們是真正的專家47 These ancient mountain dwellershave inspired legends.這些古老的山居動物造就許多傳奇故事48 Local Lisu people consider them their ancestors, 俚索族視它們為自己的祖先50 calling them "the wild men of the mountains".稱它們為山中野人51 During heavy snowfalls,even these specialists cannot feed.遇上大雪時期就連這些森林專家也無法覓食52 It seems a strange place for a monkey.這對猴子來說似乎是個奇怪的居住地53 Between snows, the monkeys wasteno time in their search for food.雪一停歇，這些猴子立刻把握時間去尋找食物54 At this altitude,there are few fruits or tender leaves to eat. 在這高度很少有果子与嫩葉可吃56 90% of their diet is made up ofthe fine dry wisps of a curious organism.它們九成的食物來自一種很像束狀乾草的奇怪有機物體58 Half fungus, half plant -it's lichen.半菌半植物的地衣59 How have monkeys,normally associated with lowland jungle,按理該住在低地森林的猴子60 e to live such aremote mountain existence?怎麼會跑來住在偏遠的山區？61 This is not the only remarkableanimal found within theseisolated high peaks.在這些孤絕的顶峰之中還有更多奇特的動物62 A Chinese red panda.一隻中國紅色熊貓63 Solitary and quiet, it spends muchof its time in the tree tops.生性安靜獨居大部份的時間都在樹上64 Despite its name,不管其名65 the red panda is only a very distantrelative of the giant panda.紅色熊貓只是大熊貓的遠親66 It's actually more closelyrelated to a skunk.它跟臭鼬反而有較近的血緣關係67 But it does share the giantpanda's taste for bamboo.但它確實跟大熊貓一樣喜歡吃竹葉68 Southwest China's red pandas areknown for their very strongfacial markings中國西南方的紅色熊貓以明顯的臉部斑紋聞名69 which distinguishthem from red pandas foundanywhere else in the Himalayas.這和其他生活在喜馬拉雅山的紅色熊貓大不一样70 Like the monkeys, they wereisolated in these high forests就像金絲猴一樣它們也被孤立在這些高海拔森林71 when the mountains quiteliterally rose beneath them這是因為近代地質史上的造山運動72 in the greatest mountain-buildingevent in recent geological history.將它們腳下的山地整個托起拔高73 Over the last 30 million years,在過去三千萬年74 the Indian subcontinent has beenpushing northwards into Eurasia.印度板塊一直向北推擠歐亞大陸板塊75 On the border between India and Tibet位於某某與印度邊界的岩石76 the rocks have been raisedeight kilometers above sea level,已經被推升到高達海平面8公里77 creating the world's highestmountain range, the Himalayas.造就出世上最高的喜馬拉雅山脈78 But to the east,但往東方看去79 the rocks have buckled into a seriesof steep north-south ridges,連綿的山岩形成南北向的懸崖峭壁80 cutting down through theheart of Yunnan,直接深入雲南中心81 the parallel mountains ofthe Hengduan Shan.平行的橫斷山脈82 These natural barriers serve toisolate Yunnan's plants and animals這些天然屏障阻絕了雲南境內的動植物互通有無83 in each adjacent valley.每個山谷幾乎都自成一區84 While the hugetemperaturerange between the snowy peaks這裏的溫差很大，上面是積雪的山峰85 and the warmer slopes below下方是溫暖的緩坡86 provides a vast array ofconditions for life to thrive.氣候的多元性讓各種生命得以欣欣向榮87 Through spring,整個春季88 the Hengduan slopes stage one ofChina's greatest natural spectacles.橫斷山脈的山坡呈現中國最壯觀的自然風光89 The forests here are among the mostdiverse botanical areas in the world.這裏的森林蘊藏全世界最豐富的植物品種90 Over 18,000 plant species grow here,1萬8千多種植物有3千種是其他地區沒有的91 of which 3,000 are foundnowhere else.92 Until little more than a century ago,this place was unknown outside China.還不到一百年前這裏是不為外界所知的93 But then news reached the West但後來消息傳到西方94 of a mysterious, hiddenworld of the orient.原來東方還有這麼一個神秘、不為人知的世界95 Hidden among the mountains,a lost Shangri-la paradise.隱藏在群山中的世外桃源96 Western high society, in the gripof a gardening craze,西方上流社會的園藝熱潮97 was eager for exotic speciesfrom faraway places.讓他們渴望遙遠國度的奇花異草98 This gave rise to a newbreed of celebrity adventurers,引領新一代的名人探險風99 intrepid botanist-explorersknown as "the Plant Hunters".大膽的植物學家勘探者亦稱為植物獵人100 Yunnan became their Holy Grail.雲南成了他們的聖杯101 Indiana JonesThe most famous was Joseph Rock,a real life Indiana Jones.最知名的是喬瑟夫拉克現實生活中的印第安那鐘斯102 Remarkable film footage captured hisentourage on a series of expeditions,卓越的記錄片記錄他和同伴一系列的遠征104 as they pushed into thedeepest corners of Yunnan.進入雲南最深的角落105 In glorious color he recordedthe plant life he found他用特別照相玻璃板106 on special photographic glass plates.記錄五彩繽紛的植物107 Sending thousands ofspecimens back to the West,把數千種樣本送回西方108 the Plant Hunters changed thegardens of the world forever.植物獵人一舉改變了世界的花園109 Rock's success was bornof a massive effort.拉克的成功來自他的努力以赴110 For, to find his Shangri-la,為了找到香格里拉111 not only had he to traverseendless mountain ranges,他不只橫越數不清的山脈112 but some of the deepestgorges in the world.還跨越一些世上最深的峽谷113 The Nujiang is calledThe Angry River.怒江被稱之為忿怒的河流114 This 300-kilometre stretchof raging rapids這條300公里的湍急河流115 is as much a barrier to lifeas are the mountains above.如上述的山脈一樣成為許多生物的屏障116 WA VES CRASH117 But the plant hunters weren't thefirst people to travel here.但是植物獵人不是最早到此地的人118 Along the Nujiang,沿著怒江119 less than 30 rope crossings allowlocals passage across the torrents.會發現不到30條的繩子吊索讓當地人渡過洪流120 Tiny hamlets cling to the slopes.小小村莊緊帖著山坡地121 This morning, it's market day,今早是市集日122 drawing people from upand down the valley.山坡上下的居民紛紛出門123 PIG OINKS124 GOAT BLEATS125 Hanging from simple rope slings,吊在吊索上126 people have been using the crossingsformany hundreds of years.這已是人們幾百年渡江的老辦法127 In such narrow, precipitous gorges在這麼狹窄的險峻峭壁128 it's by far the easiestway to get around.這是最容易的交通方式129 Once across, the steepsides mean it's still a hike.一旦渡過陡峭的山坡意味著還有一段徒步130 Many trek for hours byfoot before they get to the market.許多人要徒步幾個小時才到市場131 The immense valley ishome to over a dozen ethnic groups.這無邊無際的山谷聚集超過12個少數民族132 Some, like the Nu people,are found only here.像怒族就只生活在此區133 The markets bring themountain tribes together.市集讓山上的族群聚在一起134 To continue his expeditions,為了繼續探險135 Rock had to get his entire entourageacross the giant Y unnan rivers.拉克必須讓全隊通過浩瀚的雲南大河136 He missioned especially thickropes made from forest rattan他以樹藤做的粗繩為輔137 and filmed the entire event.並拍攝整個過程138 With yak butter to smooth the ride,40 men and 15 mules made the journey.利用犛牛油使過程平順40個人与15只騾上路了139 Not all made it across.並不是每個人都過140 On the far side of thegreat Nujiang gorge,在怒江峽谷遙遠的另一邊141 the Plant Huntersmade a remarkable discovery.植物獵人有個很棒的發現142 Far from the tropics,雖然遠離熱帶143 they seemed to be entering a steamy,vibrant tropical jungle,他們似乎進入了充滿蒸氣與生氣的熱帶雨林144 the forest of Gaoligongshan.高黎貢山的森林145 The flora here is unlikeanywhere else in the world.這裏的植物不像世界其他地方146 Next to subtropical species,alpine plants grow in giant form.緊臨亞熱帶植物的是生長茂盛的高山區植物147 Crowning the canopy, rhododendrons,up to 30 meters high.萬綠森中點點紅那是高達30公尺的杜鵑花148 In April and May, their flowersturn the forests ruby red,杜鵑花在4、5月染紅翠綠的森林149 attracting bird speciesfound only here.150 吸引只在此地生長的鳥類151 Constant moisture in the airmeans that the branches are ladenwith flowering epiphytes,空氣中充滿了濕氣152 樹枝開滿美麗的花朵153 fiercely guarded by tiny sunbirds,unique to these valleys.山谷有種獨特的小太陽鳥極力保護這些花森154 Nectar feeders, these are the hummingbirds of the Old World tropics.它們採集花蜜155 這些蜂鳥穿梭在東方世界的熱帶地區156 The forests of Gaoligongshan are hometo some of China's rarest wildlife.高黎貢山的森林有許多中國最罕見的珍禽異獸157 This is a female Temminck's Tragopan.這是母的紅腹角雉158 She has a colorful male admirer.它的愛慕者鮮豔奪目159 He's hoping to woo her with hispeculiar peekaboo display希望以獨特的偷窺方式贏得佳人芳心160 but she's not about to be rushed.但母雉不急著表態161 His colorful skin wattlereflects more light than feathers do.公雉鮮豔的肉垂比羽毛還亮眼162 To her, this is like a neon sign.對母雉來說就像個霓虹燈163 Seeing his chance,the male makes his move.公雉看到機會馬上行動164 Constant moisture inthe Gaoligongshan forests高黎貢山森林的濕氣165 means that throughout the yearthere are always fruits on the trees.讓樹木終年結實累累166 Such abundance of food encouragesa high diversity of fruit eaters167 豐沛的食物遠勝於一般熱帶林地168 more monly found in the tropics.所以也聚集各式各樣的食果動物169 The black giant squirrel is foundonly in undisturbed rainforest.巨松鼠只生活在這片原始的雨林170 At close to a metre in length, it'sone of the world's largest squirrels.它長達1尺171 是世上最大的松鼠172 The mystery is that these forestsare growing well outside the tropics.奇怪的是這些森林竟在熱帶地區以外茂盛生長173 By rights, none of this jungle,or its animals, should be here.按理說這些森林和動物不應該在此174 These are bear macaques.這是熊猴175 They're found only intropical and sub-tropical jungle.只居住在熱帶与亞熱帶森林176 With a tiny home range ofjust a few square kilometers,生活範圍只有幾平方公里177 they depend on the abundant fruit它們需要進食大量果子178 that only true rainforestscan provide all year round.只有真正的雨林才能終年提供如此數量179 To the European plant hunters,對於歐洲的植物獵人來說這些北方的雨林180 these northern rainforests must haveseemed a fantastic andmysterious lost world.181 簡直就像奇幻神秘的遺忘世界182 Yet, when they came here, they wouldhave found beautifully constructedancient stone pathways但當他們到此183 卻發現精心鋪設的古老石路184 on which the forestcould be explored.已經伸入森林之中185 Winding westwards into the hills,蜿蜒通往西邊山坡186 these were once some of the mostimportant highways in Asia,這曾經是亞洲最重要的公路187 the southwestern tea and silk road.西南方的茶與絲路188 Built thousands of years ago,這條西南茶絲之路建於幾千年前189 the southwestern tea and silk roadgave access to the worldbeyond China's borders,190 連接中國和境外的世界191 carrying tradesmen and travelersfrom as far away as Rome.帶來遠自羅馬的商人与旅客192 Wars were fought over accessto this tiny path,過去為了爭奪這條小路引發不少戰爭193 the only sure route inor out of China,畢竟這是唯一得以進出中國194 that was guaranteed tobe clear of snow all year round.又保證終年無雪的通道195 So, what causes Gaoligongshan'sstrange and remarkable climate?是什麼造成高黎貢山奇怪又獨特的氣候？196 In late May, gusts of wind arrive,5月下旬的強勁季風197 bringing with them the key toGaoligongshan's mystery.足以解開高黎貢山的神秘面紗198 The winds are hotand saturated with water.風很熱而且充滿了水份199 They e all the wayfrom the Indian Ocean.一路從印度洋吹來200 Channeled by Yunnan'sunique geography,因雲南獨特的縱谷地形201 they bring with them themoisture of the tropical monsoon.帶來熱帶梅雨季節的濕氣202 The giant river valleys,created millions of years ago,幾百萬年前形成的高山縱穀203 act like immense funnels.就像是巨大的漏斗204 The gorges are so deep and narrow,這些溪穀又深又窄205 that the moist warm air is drivenright up into the north of Yunnan.促使濕暖空氣直接進入雲南北部206 The result is rain, in torrents!結果是大雨如注！207 Four months of daily rainstormssustain luxuriant vegetation.連續4個月的暴雨讓植物茂盛生長208 The arrival of the monsoon梅雨季節的來臨喚醒209 awakens one of the forest'smost extraordinarymoisture-loving inhabitants.森林中最愛濕氣的動物210The crocodile newt is one ofthe most unusual of the manyamphibian species found here.鱷魚蠑是一種兩棲動物211 也是其他地方找不到的奇特生物212 As the rains arrive,they emerge to mate.當梅雨降臨，蠑螈開始交配213 The newts are said toleave an odour trail thatpotential mates can follow.據說它們會留下氣味蹤跡214 讓未來的伴侶得以尋跡而至215 The crocodile newt gets its namefrom the bumps along its back.鱷魚蠑因背部的突起而得名216 These are its defense.那是它的防禦系統217 If grabbed by a potential predator,如果被潛伏的食肉動物抓住218 the tips of its ribs squeeze adeadly poison from the bumps.肋骨的尖端就會從凸塊釋放致命毒液219 The deluge wakesanother forest inhabitant.洪水喚醒另一個森林居住者220 This one is particularlyastounding in its vigor!它有特別驚人的活力！221 It can grow up to a meter day,一天能長1公尺222 fast overtaking the otherplants around it.很快就追上周遭的植物223 The taller it grows,the faster its growth rate,它長得越高，生長速度就越快224 so that in a matter of days ittowers above the undergrowth,所以一天之內就比矮樹森高225 and continues reaching for the sky.繼續朝天空發展226 Not bad for what isessentially a grass.對禾本科植物來說這樣的速度還不賴227 It's bamboo.這就是竹子！228 Given the chance,如果有機會竹子會發展成很大的林子229 bamboo will create immense forests,dominating entire areas.230 佔領整個區域231 Bamboo forests occuracross southwest China,竹林主要生長在中國西南方232 all the way to Shanghai.一直到某某233 But probably the highest diversityof bamboos in the world但世界上竹子種類最多的地方234 is found on the hillsand valleys of Yunnan.還是在雲南的山谷235 Though incredibly strong,bamboos have hollow stems,雖然竹子很堅韌，但中心是空的236 a perfect shelter for anycreatures which can find a way in.對任何能找到方法進入的生物是最优的庇護所237 This entrance holewas made by a beetle入口是被甲蟲弄的238 but it's being used by avery different animal.但卻被完全不同的動物所使用239 A bamboo bat.竹蝙蝠！240 The size of a bumblebee, it's oneof the tiniest mammals in the world.如蜜蜂的大小241 是世上最小的哺乳動物242 The entire colony, up to 25 bats,整群可住到25只243 fits into a single section ofbamboo stem, smaller than a tea cup.通通擠入一段竹節裏244 比茶杯小245 It's quite a squeeze!還蠻會擠的！246 Half the colony are babies.一半都是幼獸247 Though barely a week old, they arealready almost as big as their mums.雖然只有一個星期大248 它們已經跟媽媽一樣大249 Feeding such a fast-growingbrood is hard work.養一窩生長如此迅速的孩子實在很辛苦250 The mums leave to huntjust after dusk each night.蝙蝠媽媽每天傍晚後出去獵食251 Back in the roost,the young are left on their own.寶寶被留在竹節的窩巢裏252 Special pads on their wings help themto grip on the bamboo walls -翅膀上的肉趾幫助它們緊緊抓住竹壁253 most of the time.但偶爾還是會失足254 The young bats use the extra space toprepare for a life on the wing幼蝙蝠利用多餘的空間255 用喙理毛与伸展它們的翅膀為飛行做準備256 by preening and stretching.257 Packed in like sardines, they wouldmake an easy target for a snake.它們擠得像沙丁魚258 很容易成為蛇類覬覦的目標259 But the snake has nochance of getting in.但是蛇沒機會進入260 The entrance is thinnerthan the width of a pencil.入口的大小比鉛筆還細261 When the mothers return,當母蝙蝠回巢後262 they can push through the narrowentrance only because oftheir unusually flattened skulls.它們能擠過那窄小的門263 因為它們有特殊的扁骨架264 But it's still a squeeze.但還是需要擠一下265 Bamboos are exploited in a verydifferent way by another forest dweller.另外一群森林居民266 以不同方式善用竹林267 Fresh bamboo shoots arean important forest crop.新鮮竹筍是森林重要產物268 Ai Lao Xiang is of the Hani tribe,謝阿泰來自梅山的哈尼族269 from the mountain village of Mengsong.270 Roasted, the tender shoots hegathers will make a tasty dish.採集的竹筍在烤過會很好吃271 The Hani have many uses for thedifferent bamboos they growand find in the forest around.哈尼族懂得物盡其用272 對野生和自種的竹有不同的處置273 Though flexible enough to be woven,雖然竹子柔軟到可以編織274 bamboo has a highertensile strength than steel.但它比鐵有更強的韌性275 Succulent when young,幼筍鮮美多汁成熟的竹子结实耐用276 in maturity it's tough and durable,ideal for making a table277 做成桌子最理想了278 and strong enough for a pipe to last a lifetime.279 做出煙管一輩子也不會壞280 The people of southwest China中國西南方的人們發明許多非凡的方法281 have found an extraordinary number ofways to exploit this mostversatile of plants.282 來利用這多用途的植物283 THEY SPEAK IN NATIVE LANGUAGE284 Part of bamboo's phenomenal success竹子這麼厲害有部份原因是285 is that it's so toughthat few animals can tackle it.很少動物能突破它的堅韌286 Yet, bamboo does e under attack.但是竹子還是會被攻擊287 A bamboo rat.竹鼠288 Feeding almost exclusively on bamboo,專門吃竹子289 they live their entire lives intunnels beneath the forest.它們一生都住在森林底下的隧道290 The thinner species of bambooare easy to attack and pull below.越細小的竹科越容易被攻擊然後被拉到地下291 She has a fantastic sense of smell它的嗅覺非常靈敏292 and can sniff out the freshgrowth through the soil.能在土裏嗅出新生竹293 Bamboo spreads along underground stems.竹子是由地底紮根而生294 By following these, new shoots are found.隨根部就能找到新生筍295 Once a shoot is detected,一旦筍子被發現296 she snips it free and dragsit down into her burrow.它馬上咬斷拖到洞穴裏297 This female has a family.這只母鼠有家累298 At just a few weeks old,只有幾個禮拜大299 the youngsters can already tacklethe hardest bamboo stems這些幼鼠已經能應付最硬的竹莖300 and are eager to try.還很樂意去試301 Bamboo's tough reputation is such,竹子以過人的韌性聞名另一位專家因為能啃食竹子302 that another bamboo specialist wasknown by the Chinese as,"The Iron Eating Animal".303 被中國人稱為食鐵動物304 The giant panda is famousfor its exclusive diet.大熊貓是以專吃竹子而知名的305 Giant pandas are thought tohave originated in southwestChina, millions of years ago,據說幾百萬年前306 起源于中國西南方307 but they are no longerfound in Yunnan.但如今在雲南已經找不到了308 Recently, their specialized diet has had dire consequences.最近它們偏愛的食物呈現緊迫的狀態309 Bamboo has a bizarre life cycle,竹子的生命週期很特別310 flowering infrequently, sometimesonly once every hundred years or so.不常開花311 有時一百年才一次312 But when flowering does occur,it's on a massive scale,但一旦開花，就會大規模盛開313 and it's followed by thedeath of all of the plants.最後整株死亡314 Sometimes an entirebamboo forest may die.有時整片竹林都死了315 In undisturbed habitat, pandassimply move to another area在不受干擾的生態區熊貓只要遷移到另一區就好了316 where a different bamboo species grows.那裏還有不同的竹子317 But as human activity has fragmentedtheir forest home,但人類的活動已截斷它們的棲息地318 pandas find it increasingly hard tofind large enough areasin which to survive.熊貓越來越難找到足夠的活動範圍生存319 Wild pandas are now found onlyin the forests of Central China,現在只有中國的中部還能找到野生熊貓320 far to the east.離東部已經很遠了321 But in the hidden pockets of lowlandjungle in Yunnan's tropical south,但在低地森林隱密的地區322 在雲南的熱帶南區323 live one of China'sbest-kept wildlife secrets.還秘密藏著一種野生動物324 DEEP BELLOW325 The wild Asian elephant.野生亞洲大象326 Elephants once roamed acrossChina as far north as Beijing.大象曾經遍与中國最北甚至遠与327 But it's only in the hidden valleysof Yunnan that they have survived.但現在只生活在雲南隱密的山谷中328 Elephants are thearchitects of the forest.大象是森林的建築師329 Bamboos and grasses are theirfavorite food竹子跟草是它們最愛吃的食物330 but saplings, tree leaves andtwisted lianas are alltaken, with little care.但幼樹、樹葉与藤蔓植物331 也會被它們一併拔起332 As they move through the forest,當它們穿越森林333 the elephants open up clearings,bringing light to the forest floor.等於辟清一些空地讓陽光照入森林的地面334 This has a major impact on their home.這對此區生態有很大的影響335 The richest forests are now known tobe those which from time to timeexperience change.最豐饒的森林是那些336 不時在變化的森林337 The Jinuo people are incrediblyknowledgeable about their forests基諾族對他們的森林幾乎無所不知338 and claim to have uses for most ofthe plants that they find there.聲稱他們認識大多數植物也都知道各自用法339 They have names for them all,他們替每種植物起名字340 those good for eating and some whicheven have strong medicinal qualities.這些很好吃341 有些有很強的藥效342 By working here, the Jinou playa similar role to the elephants,在這裏工作343 基諾族與大象有異曲同工之效344 opening up the forest,bringing space, light and diversity.去除森林，帶來空間、光與多元化345 Green, fast growingspecies are encouraged.所以此區的綠色植物能快速成長346 Insects are in high abundance here,昆蟲在這裏也很多347 together with the animalsthat feed on them.以昆蟲為食的動物自然也多348 Knowledge of the forest enablesthe Jinou to find not just plants,身為森林通的基諾族不但能找到植物349 but other tasty forest food too.還有其他美味的食物350 Forest crabs are mon here,feeding on the abundant leaf litter.森林蟹在這很常見它們以枯枝落葉為食物351 This will be a tastyaddition to the evening meal.這會是晚餐美味的佳餚352 Flowing through Yunnan'ssouthern valleys,流過雲南南方山谷353 the once angry riversare now swollen,曾經湍急的怒江如今進入寬廣的區域354 their waters slow and warm.水流變得緩慢溫和355 These fertile lowland valleysare the home of the Dai.這些低地水域是傣族的家356 The "People of the Water"他們沿著溪流而居357 live along streams whichoriginate in the surrounding hills.這些溪流源自周遭的山地358 Each family keeps a kitchen garden每戶人家都有菜圃359 modeled on the multi-layeredstructure of the surrounding forests,是依周遭森林地形而建的多層次建築360 which the Dai hold sacred.傣族相當崇敬這片森林361 The gardens are made more productiveby inter-planting different crops.菜圃因交叉耕作而產量增加362 Tall, sun-loving species give shelterto plants which thrive in the shade.喜日曬的高品種給予喜陰暗的植物遮蔽所363 As panions,the plants grow better.混合種植讓蔬果長得更好364 Yunnan's forests are home to morethan a dozen wild banana species雲南的森林有超過12種野生香蕉品種365 and banana crops grow wellin most Dai gardens.而傣族的菜圃也種了許多366 The huge banana flowers are richin nectar for only two hours a day,碩大的香蕉花蘊藏豐富的花蜜367 但一天只開兩個小時368 but it's enough to attract a rangeof forest insects, including hornets.但已足夠吸引許多森林昆蟲前來369 包括大黃蜂370 With their razor sharp mandibles,它們的下顎如剃刀般鋒利371 they find it easy to robthe flowers of their nectar.能輕易掠取花中的蜜汁372 But hornets are predators too.但大黃蜂也是肉食性昆蟲373 They hunt other insects andcarry them back to their nest.它們捕捉其他昆蟲，將之帶回巢穴374 An ideal target,理想的目標375 but this grasshopper is no easy meal.但這蚱蜢並非簡單的大餐376 There may be a price to pay.那是有代價的377 The Dai men, Po and Xue Ming, takeadvantage of a hunter's instincts.378 傣族人波和祟明，他們就如黃雀在後379 A hornet sting is agony.大黃蜂的蜇針是很痛的380 But for now it's distracted,intent on cutting away但現在它忙著別的事381 a piece of grasshoppersmall enough to carry back home.急迫的想要切割蚱蜢的一部份382 小得讓它帶回巢去383 Success!成功了！384 The white featherhardly slows the hornet,大黃蜂不因白色羽毛而慢下來385 and, more importantly,最重要的是遠遠就能看見它386 it can be seen.387 Now the hunter is the hunted.現在是螳螂捕蟬，黃雀在後388 So long as Po andXue Ming can keep up!但波和祟明必須跟得上389 Back at the nest,the other hornets否則等它回蜂窩390 immediately begin to cutthe feather free.其他的大黃蜂馬上割開那羽毛391 But it's too late. The nest'slocation has been betrayed.但太遲了蜂窩的所在地已經被發現！392 The relationship between the forestanimals and the people who live here森林動物與此地居民的關係393 永遠不會是和諧的394 was never one of harmony.395 Yet the fact that the Dai and otherethnic groups considered theseforests to be sacred,但是傣族與其他少數民族396 認為森林是神聖的事實確保了它們的生存397 has ensured their survival398 and now many have been givenextra protection as nature reserves.現在很多已經被列為保護區399 Ingenuity and hard workpays off at last.足智多謀與勤奮工作最後終於有報償400 The fattened larvae areconsidered a delicacy by the Dai.肥碩的幼蟲被傣族認為是美食401 Although these forests haveexperienced a great deal of change,雖然這些森林經歷過很大的變化402 they are still host to someancient and incredible relationships.它們仍能主宰一些古老与不可思議的關係403 Almost 60 centimeters high,幾乎60公分高404 this is the immense flowerof the Elephant yam.這是象芋的巨花405 Locals call it the"Witch of the Forest".當地人稱為森林女巫406 As the stars rise,the witch begins to cast her spell.當星星升起，女巫開始下咒語407 The forest temperature drops,but the flower starts to heat up.林中溫度下降，但花的溫度開始上升408 A heat sensitive camera revealsthe flower's temperature熱感攝影機顯示出花的溫度409 rising by an incredibleten degrees Celsius.開始上升攝氏10度410 At the same time, a noxious stench ofrotting flesh fills the forest air.同時一股像腐肉般的惡臭彌漫整個森林。
BBC美丽中国第六集中英文字幕
wild China.美丽中国（Wild China）第六集潮汐更迭Tides of Change 双语对照文本字幕从东端的长城起From the eastern end of the Great Wall,中国的海岸跨度14,500公里China's coast spans 14,500 kilometres并且拥有五千多年的历史and more than 5,000 years of history.在这个方面显示了This is the area which shows the greatest contrast中国的过去和未来之间的差距between China's past and its future.如今中国的东海岸线Today China's eastern seaboard有七亿人口is home to 700 million people,居住在科技高速发展的沿海城市packed into some of the most dazzling hi-tech cities on earth.然而这些拥挤的海岸仍然是野生动物的一个重要财富Yet these crowded shores remain hugely important for a wealth of wildlife.现在古老的传统渐渐被新的气息所侵蚀Now, as ancient traditions mingle with new aspirations,那么在中国拥挤的海岸上还有野生动物的活动场所吗is there any room at all for wildlife on China's crowded shores?谨以此献给我们多灾多难但美丽依旧的祖国For our troubled but drop-dead beautiful motherland在中国北方的扎龙自然保护区In northern China's Zhalong Nature Reserve,一对丹顶鹤正守望着它们的产卵领土a pair of red-crowned cranes have staked out their nesting territory在一个商业管理的芦苇床残株里in the stubble of a commercially managed reed bed.数百年来For centuries,cranes have been revered in China鹤被中国人视为长寿的象征而备受尊崇as symbols of longevity.它们的雕像被放在皇帝的宝座旁Their statues were placed next to the Emperor's throne.鹤因此而受到赞扬The cranes have cause to celebrate.幼鹤在困难时刻就象征着希望This chick is a sign of hope in difficult times.丹顶鹤是世界上最濒临灭绝边缘的物种之一Red-crowned cranes are one of the world's most endangered species.在过去的一个世纪Over the last century,中国失去了近一半的沿海湿地China has lost nearly half of its coastal wetlands并且大多数改造地是为了造福人类而非野生动物and most of what remains is managed for the benefit of people, not wildlife.从现在起的数个月 A few months from now,幼鹤和它的家人将面临一场往南方的大迁徙this chick and its parents will face a long migration south来躲避北方的严冬to escape the harsh northern winter.它们将沿着海岸向前Their route will take them along a coast然而这些海岸已经受到人类活动的巨大影响which has been greatly affected by human activity.在它们的征途上Along their journey,the cranes will be joined将有成千上万其他鸟类加入迁徙大军by many thousands of other migrating birds.它们迁徙的方向横跨南渤海湾All heading south across the Bohai Gulf 沿海岸的黄海和中国东海and along the shores of the Yellow and East China Seas,最远甚至抵达中国南海some even reaching as far as the South China Sea寻找一个安全的冬季避难所in search of a safe winter haven.每年候鸟迁徙已持续了数千年之久The annual bird migration has been going on for thousands of years.在中国东北海岸的锦屏山Here at Mount Jinping on China's northeast coast,存留着人类there is surprising evidence曾长期居住过的惊人遗迹that people have lived here almost as long. 七千年前Seven thousand years ago,少昊部落的成员雕刻下的神奇符号members of the Shao Hao tribe carved magical symbols描绘出他们日常生活得到的重要原理representing significant elements of their daily lives.这种岩石雕刻显示出The petroglyphs show wheat sheaves connected by lines to human figures,中国第一个有记录的耕种遗址the first known recordings of cultivation in China.因为常年目睹群鸟迁徙的奇观Familiar with the spectacle of yearly bird migrations,少昊人选择一只鸟的符号作为他们的图腾the Shao Hao people chose a symbol of a bird as their totem.锦屏山位于山东半岛附近Mount Jinping lies near the Shandong peninsula,是候鸟的一个重要越冬场所an important wintering site for migrant birds,即使在今天仍然有鸟群沿着这条海岸线前进and even today there are still communities along this coastline并且和当地的鸟群保持着密切关系who retain a special affinity with their local birdlife.烟墩礁Yandun Jiao village,位于半岛的东北岸on the north-eastern shore of the peninsula, 以其传统特色的海藻覆顶建筑闻名于世is famous for its traditional seaweed-thatched cottages.在早春料峭的清晨On a chilly morning in early spring,屈夫妇在破晓时刻出来碰运气Mr and Mrs Qu venture out at first light带着海民的传统工具——桶和小铲armed with the traditional seaside accessories of bucket and spade.当屈家人朝着港湾前进As the Qus head down into the harbour,一群被当地人 a flock of whooper swans,亲切称为“冬日天使”的大天鹅known affectionately here as "winter angels", 在海湾醒来are waking out in the bay.屈家和他们的邻居在潮落的泥浆中The Qus and their neighbours search for tube holes寻找管状的孔in the mud at low tide,那里意味着有扇贝或竹蛏深藏在泥底the sign of cockles and razor shells hidden deep below.收集贝克是颇为流行的消遣While gathering shellfish is a popular pastime,当地人以出海为主要营生the main business of Yandun Jiao happens further out at sea.当老屈站在启程船只的甲板上As the boats set out,with Mr Qu on board,天鹅并肩掠过the swans set a parallel course.整个海湾是一个巨型海藻农场The whole of the bay is a gigantic seaweed farm.人们整天忙于清理和照料海藻叶The men work all day cleaning and tending the kelp fronds海藻长在巨大浮标舰队互相连接的绳子上that are grown on ropes linked to a vast armada of buoys.天鹅只吃长在绳子表面的本地海藻The swans eat native seaweeds growing on the surface ropes而非更有价值的产物rather than the valuable crop of kelp,所以它们无损经济作物的生长so they do no harm to the commercial operation.下午当风在海上生起In the afternoon,as the wind picks up out at sea,工人和天鹅退回岸边the workers and swans return to shore.当追求与自然和谐的文化While the culture of seeking balance with nature历经远路回归中国的时候goes back a long way in China,在中国拥挤的海岸线很难看到如此和谐的人地关系it is rare to see such harmonious relationships on China's crowded coast.当夜晚降临As evening draws on,屈家人准备了扇贝the Qu family prepare their evening meal of cockles,馒头和海藻做为晚膳steamed bread and seaweed.孩子们谈话声(KIDS CHATTERING)剩菜被村里的孩子们用来喂天鹅Leftovers are given to the village children to feed the swans.这给孩子和村民带来许多乐趣It's fun for the kids and provides并未鸟儿们度过寒夜提供了能量补给an extra energy boost for the birds as they face another cold night.天鹅已经利用这个庇护港The swans have been using this sheltered bay作为冬天的过冬地at as a winter refuge for many generations.只要敬重自然的传统还在As long as the tradition of respect for nature persists,烟墩礁的村民和“冬日天使”间的this remarkable association between the Yandun Jiao community奇妙友谊就会持续下去and their winter angels looks set to continue. 在渤海湾天鹅村的最东北处Out in the Bohai Gulf,northeast of the swan village,一座小小的岩岛为迁徙的鸟儿提供了安静的歇脚地a small rocky island provides a quiet resting spot for migrating birds.但是蛇岛亦潜伏着危险But Shedao Island has hidden dangers.由于海平面上升蝮蛇已被困在这座岛上6000余年Pallas' pit vipers trapped here6,000 years ago by rising sea levels这已演化成一种险恶的生存方式have evolved a sinister lifestyle.每年有10个月For 10 months of the year岛上没有任何食物there is nothing substantial to eat on the island,因此爬行类动物保持静止以保存体力so the reptiles conserve their energy by barely moving at all.鸟群鸣叫(BIRDS CAWING)当阳光使它们的岩石家园变暖As the sun warms their rocky home,这些蛇便爬进灌木树丛the snakes climb up into the bushes and trees.但是它们不是来这晒日光浴的But they aren't here to sunbathe.越来越多的毒蛇出现了More and more vipers appear事实上毒蛇占据了几乎所有栖息地until virtually every perch where a bird might land等着鸟们上钩has been booby-trapped.“守猎”游戏开始了Then the waiting game begins.蛇隐藏得很好The serpents' camouflage is remarkable,但是蛇攻击鸟的时候but so are the birds' reactions,鸟的反应同样迅速as this high-speed shot reveals.鸟群只在岛上停留几周The birds will only stay on the island for a couple of weeks.但是尽管蛇已经饿了几个月了But although the snakes have been starving for months,但是它们实现饱餐一顿心愿的途径their only hope of bagging a meal is to be patient只能是潜藏起来耐心等待and sit tight.即便最微小的失误The slightest miscalculation也会导致狩猎的失败and the snake is left with a mouthful of feathers.蛇只能通过嗅觉寻找失去的美味The dropped meal is tracked down mainly by smell,毒蛇用分叉的舌头the viper using its forked tongue分辨空气来靠近追逐的猎物to taste the air until it is close enough to see its quarry.最后的挑战是吞下自己头部两倍粗的食物The final challenge is to swallow a meal that's twice the size of its head.蛇能让下巴脱臼并合理安排食物的方向It does so by dislocating its jaws and positioning its prey使鸟嘴指向后边so the beak is pointing backwards.对于爬虫来说，充足的时间也很短暂For the reptiles,this time of plenty is all too brief.再过几个星期，迁移就要结束了In a couple of weeks,the migration will be over鸟群会继续前进and the birds will have moved on.这可能是蛇六个月中的最后一餐This could be the snake's last meal for six months.但是并不是岛上会经历But it isn't just islands盛宴和饥馑的循环that experience cycles of feast and famine. 海也有季节变化The sea, too, has its seasons,沿岸的渔民都知道这个变化a fact well known to fishing communities along the neighbouring coasts.在初望港In Chuwang harbour,盛大的聚会是新汛期开始的证明the start of a new fishing season provides the excuse for a massive party.但是对于船主老赵来说But for boat owner Mr Zhao,既有庆祝又有祈祷it's a day of prayer as well as celebration.老赵希望通过祭祀海神Zhao hopes that by presenting gifts and showing respect to the sea goddess,来确保他们来年捕鱼he can help ensure a prosperous and safe year ahead顺利安全for him and his crew.同时鼓声爆竹反映了古人的信念Meanwhile, drums, firecrackers and fireworks reflect the ancient belief古人认为嘈杂巨响能驱赶海怪和坏运气that loud noises will frighten off dangerous sea devils and bad fortune.台子中间的那个是海龙的象征Occupying centre stage is a representation of the sea dragon,传说海龙控制着水和天气mythical ruler of water and weather.夜晚风平浪静In the calm of the evening,赵先生和家人点亮了纸船灯笼Mr Zhao and his family light paper boat lanterns.每一个闪烁的火焰带着一个愿望飘向海神Each flickering flame carries a wish to the sea goddess,这个传统世代传递着a tradition passed on from parents to children over countless generations.在中国拥挤的海岸线上On China's crowded coasts,渔民们必须非常机敏fishermen need to be extremely resourceful. 收渔网是一项繁重的工作Hauling in the nets is hard work,目前为止还没有看到鱼and so far there's not a fish in sight.只有海蜇Only jellyfish.每年无数的海蜇Each year, millions of jellyfish被渤海湾的水流带到南方are carried south with the currents in the Bohai Gulf.这种现象的生态学原因很复杂The ecological story behind this event is complex,但决不是中国特有的but by no means unique to China.海蜇是快速繁殖的浮游生物的食物Jellyfish are fast-breeding plankton feeders. 近些年来人类污水和精耕细作使用的化肥In recent years, human sewage and fertilisers from intensive farming增大了海湾的浮游生物繁殖速度have increased plankton blooms in the Gulf,提供了丰富的海蜇食物providing extra jellyfish food.由于过度捕鱼海蜇的敌人和竞争者少了While over-fishing has reduced their enemies and competitors.这种现象已经It's a phenomenon that has become increasingly widespread在全球蔓延across the world's seas.然而别的地方认为是个问题However, what is seen elsewhere as a problem,在中国却被当成机会in China is perceived as an opportunity.岸上Back on shore,四轮车载着海蜇到附近的大商店里mule carts transport the jellyfish to nearby warehouses在那里处理后销往全国where they will be processed and sold as food all over China.四代人正在饱餐一碗海蜇片Four generations tuck into a bowl of sliced jellyfish,这道菜可以延年益寿the recipe for a long and healthy life.离开了渤海湾Leaving the Bohai Gulf behind,迁徙的鹤群migrating cranes,篦鹭和鸭子里边加入了其他鸟类spoonbills and ducks are joined by other birds,它们都飞向南方寻找安全的冬天栖息地all heading south in search of a safe winter haven.鸟群的迁徙路线顺着黄海The birds' migration route follows the coast of the Yellow Sea一路朝向江苏省down into Jiangsu Province,那里有肥沃的农业风景 a fertile agricultural landscape有中国最后存留的盐沼泽地with some of the last remaining salt marshes in China.大丰At Dafeng,一小块盐沼泽的就是一只幸存动物的家园a small salt marsh reserve is home to an animal which is lucky to be alive.中国人认为麋鹿是奇怪复杂的动物The Chinese see these Milu as a curious composite animal,有像马一样的头with a horse's head,牛一样的脚cow's feet,驴一样的尾巴 a tail like a donkey朝向后边的鹿角and backwards-facing antlers.在西方自从第一个欧洲人In the West, we know it as David's Deer,叫它麋鹿以后我们也这样叫了after the first European to describe it.在发情期During the rut,雄鹿用植物的花环来装饰自己stags decorate themselves with garlands of vegetation这些东西是用鹿角弄的collected in their antlers.激烈的战斗决定谁拥有交配权Fierce battles decide mating rights.雌鹿仍然带着去年的幼鹿The females still have last year's fawns in tow.母鹿在发情期也没有给幼鹿断奶They haven't been weaned by the time of the rut幼鹿聚在一起and band together in large crhes,只回到自己母亲那里喂食only returning to their mothers to feed.这种特殊的行为有助于帮助它们记清楚好斗的雄鹿This unique behaviour helps to keep them clear of the aggressive males.现在中国仅存2500头麋鹿了Today, there are just2,500 Milu in China, 很明显如果再多也很有限but it is remarkable that there are any at all. 在20世纪初期野外的麋鹿濒临灭绝In the early 1900s Milu became extinct in the wild,幸运的是一些良种鹿群被当作礼物送到了欧洲but luckily, some of the Imperial herd had been sent as a gift to Europe.那些在英格兰Woburn Abbey的麋鹿繁衍了下来Those at Woburn Abbey,in England, prospered.20世纪80年代40头鹿被送回了故乡And in the early 1980s, 40 of the deer were returned to their homeland它们在那里继续繁衍生息where they continue to thrive.迁徙的鹤群至今已经The migrating cranes have so far travelled 顺着海岸向南飞行了两千多公里了over 2,000 kilometres southwards along the coast.经过了大丰的麋鹿预留区Passing the Milu Deer Reserve at Dafeng, 它们接近了另一个盐沼泽地they are approaching another salt marsh那里给它们过冬提供了极好的条件which will provide the perfect conditions for them to spend the winter.盐城，中国最大的沿海湿地This is Yancheng,the largest coastal wetland in China,每年估计有三百万鸟拜访这里visited by an estimated three million birds each year.(嘎嘎的叫声）(SQUAWKING)刚出生七个月的幼鹤Crane chicks that were only born seven months ago完成了第一次来回旅行have now completed the first leg of a round trip它们将会每年重复这样which they will repeat every year.坚强的鹤群能应付冬天的温度The hardy cranes can cope with winter temperatures温度可能降到零度以下which may drop below freezing.但是其他迁徙的鸟类比如濒临灭绝的黑面篦鹭However, other migrating birds, like the endangered black-faced spoonbill,就没有那么耐寒are less cold-tolerant它们将要继续南飞寻找更温暖的气候and will continue even further south in search of warmer climes.(嘎嘎的叫声）(SQUAWKING)在这里许多迁徙的鸟群At this point,many of the migrating bird flocks勉强达到了它们南飞旅程的一半are barely halfway along their southward journey.在它们前面还有新的挑战Ahead of them lies a new challenge,中国最伟大的河——长江China's greatest river, the Yangtze,是许多种类迁徙物种的聚集地and the venue for a very different kind of migration.每年上百万吨的货物往来江面Each year, millions of tons of cargo travel up and down the river,使这里成了世界上最繁忙的航路之一making this one of the busiest waterways in the world.这些是中华绒蝥蟹These are Chinese mitten crabs,因它们长毛爪子得名named for their strange hairy claws.它们可以迁移长达1500公里They may migrate as much as1,500 kilometres从支流和湖泊一直到河口from tributaries and lakes to the river mouth, 他们在那里繁殖后代where they gather to breed.中华鲟也有相似的迁徙 A similar migration is made by the giant Yangtze sturgeon,中华鲟能长到4米长半吨重which can reach four metres long and weigh half a ton.近些年来它们的数量骤减In recent years,its numbers have declined dramatically这是由于它们的迁徙被越来越多的河坝阻挡了as its migration is impeded by ever more river dams.但是不仅中华鲟有这样的境遇But it isn't just animals like the sturgeon that are in trouble,整个长江的生态系统都遭到了破坏the entire Yangtze River ecosystem is being poisoned.虽然有显耀的清理计划项目In spite of being the subject of an ambitious clean-up plan,估计长江是最大的today the river is reckoned to be the biggest 污染太平洋的单向水源single source of pollution entering the Pacific Ocean.坐落于长江入海口的Situated right at the mouth of its estuary,崇明岛为迁徙的滨鸟Chongming Island provides a vital resting and feeding spot提供了重要的休养生息的地方for migrating shorebirds,人们对长江流域的野生动物的态度不断转变and a place which offers welcome evidence这个地方也是个很好的证明of changing attitudes towards the Yangtze's beleaguered wildlife.几个世纪里这些沿岸泥滩一直吸引许多捕猎者For centuries these coastal mudflats have attracted hunters,就像金先生一样like Mr Jin,他们不断地改善捕猎技巧who have honed their trapping skills to perfection捕获稀有鸟类供上海有钱人食用to put rare birds on the tables of Shanghai's elite.40年里金先生一直用一张网For 40 years Mr Jin has used a net,简单的诱鸟和一只竹笛simple decoy birds and a bamboo whistle来诱惑经过的鸟到他的网里to lure passing birds towards his nets.(笛声)(WHISTLING)这需要耐心和高超的技巧It takes both patience and consummate skill. 但是事情并不总是这样But all is not as it seems.像其他许多最好的自然保护者一样Mr Jin, like many of the best conservationists, 金先生现在由偷猎者变为了看护者is poacher turned gamekeeper,使用他捕猎技艺来保护他原先的猎物using his hunting skills to benefit his old quarry.在东潭鸟类保护基地里The staff here at Dongtan Bird Reserve人们将给这些捕获的鸟测量带环称重will measure, ring and weigh the trapped birds然后把它们释放before releasing them unharmed.由金先生和他的同事们收集的这些信息The information gathered by Mr Jin and his colleagues帮助保护了200多个不同的鸟类helps to protect over 200 different species of birds这些鸟类每年都要来到这个岛屿which visit the island each year.在崇明岛正南端Just south of Chongming Island是中国最大的海边城市——上海lies China's largest coastal city, Shanghai.上海处于一条河流生物和鸟类迁徙的路径上Situated on a major migration route for birds as well as river life,现在它正进行一个更大的侵袭动作Shanghai is now preparing for an even bigger invasion.满载着建筑材料的驳船不停的到达这个城市的码头Barges loaded with building materials constantly arrive in the city's docks,来满足这个世界最繁忙建设之一的需要feeding one of the greatest construction booms in the world.去年全世界一半的水泥都运往中国的各个城市Last year, half the world's concrete was poured into China's cities,这些都是为了人类历史上最大规模的all in preparation for the biggest mass migration of people人口迁移做准备in the history of the world.在未来25年里预计有超过3亿中国人In the next 25 years,well over 300 million people将从中国农村迁移到城市例如上海are predicted to move from rural China into cities like Shanghai.从农村到城市的人类迁移The migration of people from country to city在全世界各地都可以看到is being mirrored around the world,and by 2010到2010年超过一半的世界人口将成为城市居住者over half of the world's population will be urban dwellers.当夜晚来临时上海就会揭示它的本色As night falls,Shanghai reveals its true colours.这是中国最快增长的金融中心China's fastest-growing financial centre 是这个巨大繁荣的中心is in the midst of a massive boom.其人口估计超过2千万With an estimated population of more than 20 million,上海无疑是中国最大Shanghai is officially China's largest也是最耀眼的城市and certainly its most dazzling city.但他的辉煌背后存在着环境代价But there is an environmental cost.上海居民使用的电力是Shanghai residents now use two and a half times more power per head郊区居民的2.5倍than their rural cousins.这个城市近乎贪得无厌的能源需求The city's seemingly insatiable energy demands得需要17个电厂来提供满足currently require the output of 17 power stations.上海往南城市灯光逐渐暗淡South of Shanghai the city lights gradually fade好象我们进入了一个古老的世界as we enter an ancient world.这是福建省This is Fujian Province,一个崎岖的地域 a rugged terrain由于花岗岩大山的护卫guarded by sheer granite mountains which have helped to forge and preserve使得一些中国最古老的遗址和传统文化得以稳固并保存some of China's most ancient sites and traditional cultures.远高出海边地带坐落着1400米高的太姥山Towering above the coast,the 1,400-metre-high Taimu Mountains是中国人熟识的“海上仙都”are known to the Chinese as "Fairyland on the Sea".潮湿的海风在寒冷的山顶凝聚Moist sea breezes condense on the cool mountaintops并与排水良好的酸性土壤结合and combine with well-drained acid soils便形成了完美的种植环境to produce the perfect growing conditions 适合喜酸性的植物——例如野杜鹃for acid-loving plants like wild azaleas.也合适生长山茶It's also home to camellias,including the most famous of all,包括最著名的茶树种植the tea plant.沿着福建沿海一带的类似种植环境Similar growing conditions all along the Fujian coast使得中国茶叶独享其尊make this the treasure chest for China's tea, 其茶产业远可源自4000多年前the heart of an industry dating back almost 4,000 years.这个地区最传统的茶树栽培文化One of the most traditional tea-growing cultures in the area当数这里的客家人沿袭的is that of the Kejia people.每天清晨山羊被放养在这些茶树梯田间Every morning, goats are let loose among the tea terraces,这是个历史悠久的传统 a centuries-old tradition.看起来好象很奇怪让这些This might seem surprising given goats' reputation山羊去吃这些绿色的植物for eating anything green,不过茶树并不像看上去那样毫无设防but tea isn't as defenceless as it looks.茶叶中存在刺激性的化学成分Tea leaves are loaded with bitter chemicals 以驱走啃食的动物designed to repel browsing animals.这对山羊很有效It works on the goats,它们只是吃光茶树外的杂草who leave the tea untouched and instead eat up the weeds,它们的粪便恰好茶树供给了养分fertilising the tea plants with their droppings.惊讶的是我们人类The surprise is that we humans却还没发现同样刺激性的化学鸡尾酒should find the same bitter chemical cocktail以便让人类根本不敢染指utterly irresistible.对客家人而言种植茶树是家族事业Among the Kejia people,tea-growing is a family business.女人们采摘男人门加工打包Women do the picking,while the men process and pack it.张女士是一名客家家族的成员Mrs Zhang belongs to a Kejia family她们家族在这片同样的茶园that has lived and worked for generations 生活劳作了数个世代among these same tea terraces.最精良的茶叶需要在温暖的阳光里快速采摘The finest tea needs to be gathered quickly in warm sunshine这样可以让茶叶保留有茶油的香味as this brings out the flavour-enhancing oils inside the leaves.这个可持续的产业使得中国最精美的地形之一This sustainable industry has protected one of China's finest landscapes和最传统文化之一得以保存下来and one of its most traditional cultures.在早上采摘之后At the end of the morning's picking,张女士把茶叶带回家以待加工Mrs Zhang returns home to drop off her tea ready for processing.这个城堡式样的建筑在过去This fort-like design has survived from a time客家人得以从与敌对的当地部落势力when the Kejia needed to protect themselves斗争中幸存下来against hostile local tribes.每个房子有3到4层Each house has three or four levels以适合50到250人居住designed to accommodate50 to 250 people. 最底层是厨房和家畜使用The ground floor houses the kitchens and animal stock同时有一条通道通向水井取水with access to a well for water.第一层房间用作储藏The first floor rooms are used for storage 第二层作为寝居and the upper floors are bedrooms.这一些很非凡的建筑已有800多年历史了Some of these remarkable buildings are 800 years old经历了地震和台风并完整的保存了下来and have survived earthquakes and typhoons.当收集一定数量茶叶时下一步加工开始了Once enough tea has been gathered in,the processing begins.把绿色茶叶变为市场销售的茶叶Turning green leaves into saleable tea最少包含8个步骤involves at least eight different stages,包括干燥捻细筛挤压和扭拧including drying, bruising,sifting, squeezing and twisting,这些都是成品打包前必须的步骤before the finished product is finally ready for packing.张女士的村庄出产“小黑龙”茶The Zhang's village produces"little black dragon",即——乌龙茶or oolong tea,其称呼源于冲泡茶叶时so called because of the way its twisted leaves unfurl那宛如蟠龙舒展的姿态when water is poured over them.茶在客家人生活中占据着重要地位Tea plays a vital part in Kejia life,既是一个收入来源也是一种迎宾之道not only as a source of income,but also as a way to welcome visitors它将人们联系在一起and bring people together.在中国人传统生活中In traditional Chinese life,即使最简单的一杯茶也被赋以复杂的仪式even the simplest cup of tea is poured with an intricate amount of ritual.在过去In the past,客家人的其他主要收入来自运送像茶叶一样的货物the Kejia people's other main income came from transporting goods like tea穿越变幻莫测的山川和河流入口across the treacherous topography of mountains and river estuaries.他们的运输路线在1059年变得轻松易行Their route was suddenly made easier when, in 1059,一切归于这座名桥的建造this remarkable bridge was built.它的桥面由重达10吨的花岗岩架设而成Made from massive10-ton slabs of granite,是中国不太知名的建筑奇葩之一it is one of China's lesser-known architectural gems.洛阳桥历经地震狂潮风采依旧Luoyang Bridge has withstood earthquakes and tempestuous tides.被称为“万安渡”的Known as "10,000 ships launching",46座桥墩the bridge's 46 piers在潮水的冲刷下已经屹立的近千年have withstood time and tide for almost a millennium.据当地传说According to folklore,桥的成功在于有远见地应用了生物工程its success is due to a far-sighted piece of bio-engineering.在桥墩上养殖牡蛎之后Oysters were seeded on the piers利用他们的凝固物可以and ever since,their concretions have helped cement将花岗岩胶合凝结起来the granite blocks together.如今惠安的女人们仍用传统的Today, oysters are still cultivated here方法在这里养殖牡蛎in the traditional way by Hui'an women.屹立在桥下的泥滩之中的岩石Stones are stood in the mudflats below the bridge可以使牡蛎附着生长to encourage the oysters to grow.如今当地人主要用洛阳桥来Luoyang Bridge is now mainly used by locals运送货物穿过河口到港口去carrying goods across the estuary towards the coastal ports.两千多年来For more than 2,000 years,中国的沿海贸易主要依靠于coastal trade in China has depended一种具有开创性卓越性能船on a remarkable and pioneering type of ship, 我们称之为舢板known to us as the junk.这艘船所用的的大众化设计This working vessel follows a general design 在福建已经使用了600多年that's been in use in Fujian for at least 600 years.船首是画上了两只大眼睛的鸟喙造型Its bows take the form of a beak,with two large painted eyes古代的航员们相信evoking the traditional seafarers' belief鸟的形象可以使海员们平安归来that the bird's image would help sailors return safely,就像每年春秋回来的候鸟一样like the migrants that return each spring and autumn.茶叶和其他货物经防水处理后储存Tea and other goods were stored in strong bulkheads,分储在防水壁中以降低洪涝带来的损失each waterproofed and separated from the next to minimise flood damage.这种保持珍贵茶叶干燥的革新措施This innovation, introduced to keep precious tea cargos dry,不仅改进了中国的船只spurred on the improvement of not only Chinese boats,还改进了西方的船只but Western ones, too.舢板上独特的索具The distinctive rigging of the junk's sails使得它在恶劣的天气下也容易操纵allows easy handling in bad weather,这在风暴肆虐的海边至关重要essential along this storm-battered coast.台风一词源于“大风”的谐音Each year from July to November,up to a dozen typhoons,每年7至11月成批的台风 a corruption of the Chinese word for "great wind",朝西北方向席卷中国而来head northwest towards China.全球像二氧化碳这样的温室气体的增加Typhoons are becoming more frequent as sea temperatures rise,使得海的温度升高aided by a global increase in greenhouse gases,台风也因此变得更加频繁such as carbon dioxide.但卫星图片却显示了一个令人惊讶的转变But satellite pictures have revealed a。
纪录片《美丽中国》第一集“龙之心 ”赏析
纪录片《美丽中国》第一集“龙之心”赏析该纪录片是一部关于中国野生动物和自然风光的系列纪录片，无论在摄影还是在音乐的选取上都相当的完美，充分的体现了中国自然的优美和和谐。
在摄影技术，运用抽格摄影渲染气氛、制造气势。
利用抽格技术展现太阳的光影在广阔土地上的移动，制造壮观景象。
简化过程。
两个镜头云引用抽个技术展示了游客之多。
运用红外摄像技术。
它可以在黑暗中清晰的拍摄物体。
拍摄过程中，甚至还有科学上的新发现，用红外摄影机拍摄岩洞里的黑叶猴和蝙蝠那一场面清晰的时候。
发现“黑叶猴舔食峭壁上渗透出来的含有矿物质的液体，甚至于专门研究黑叶猴的专家都是第一次发现。
在音乐方面，主题音乐婉转大气，初次听到时真的感动到流泪。
而出自Barnaby Taylor 之手的配乐不但完美地捕捉到了那种中国味道，同时清新而不流于俗套。
宛若江南女子却坚强而大气。
在舒缓婉转的传统中国音乐中，伴随着森林草原、戈壁大漠、雪山圣湖、江河湖沼等优美的画面更替，种种中国特有的珍贵动物纷纷登场，一个可与赵忠祥为《动物世界》的配音相媲美的男中音，用同样舒缓的口吻娓娓道来，讲述动物的故事，自然地插入中国历史、文化、人文、宗教、民族、民俗等，比较客观地反映出中国的经济社会的发展变迁、人们生活方式的改变、与自然的相互作用与影响的幅幅画卷，引人遐思！在画面方面，清晰壮观，总能给与我们震撼，从西方人的视角展现秀美的山水，风土人情。
从更客观的角度去欣赏祖国的山河，思索人和环境和谐共存的永恒主题她是灵动的不可思议的天地造化，是这片土地上每一个生灵的现在或曾经的呼吸在叙事方面，有些言语对我们造成一定的打击，虽然有些人觉得那是在鄙视我们，可认真想一想，那又何尝不是事实呢！他的解说把我们也带到了他的世界里，我们跟着他的思维来观看这部影片，欣赏祖国美好江山的同时，反思一下如何去保护好我们美丽的母亲。
《美丽中国》第一集 龙之心
tadpole ['tædpəʊl] n. 蝌蚪 chick [tʃɪk] n. 小鸡；小鸟；少妇adj. 胆小的；懦弱的 n. (Chick)人名；(英)奇克 wading bird n. 涉水鸟；[鸟] 涉禽（如苍鹭、鹤等） scarce [skeəs] adj. 缺乏的，不足的；稀有的adv. 仅 仅；几乎不；几乎没有 conical ['kɒnɪk(ə)l] adj. 圆锥的；圆锥形的 pinnacle ['pɪnək(ə)l] n. 高峰；小尖塔；尖峰；极点vt. 造小尖塔；臵于尖顶上；臵于高处
A stalactite (UK /ˈstæləktaɪt/, US /stəˈlæktaɪt/; from the Greek stalasso, (σταλάσσω), "to drip", and meaning "that which drips") is a type of formation that hangs from the ceiling of caves, hot springs, or manmade structures such as bridges and mines. Any material which is soluble, can be deposited as a colloid, or is in suspension, or is capable of being melted, may form a stalactite. Stalactites may be composed of amberat, lava, minerals, mud, peat, pitch, sand, and sinter.A stalactite is not necessarily a speleothem, though speleothems are the most common form of stalactite because of the abundance of limestone caves.
纪录片《美丽中国》第一集“龙之心 ”赏析
纪录片《美丽中国》第一集“龙之心”赏析网上对于《美丽中国》的定位是“由中英联合拍摄的一部关于中国野生动物和自然风光的系列纪录片”,它以精美的画面和独特的视角以及优美的配乐，让人们耳目一新，介绍了南方基本的自然状况、面积、气候等，并自然而然地转入生命物体——南方的粮食作物，水稻。
水稻的历史、当地人对水稻的种植，展现中国水稻梯田的壮阔。
我将在从主题、结构、构图、景别、摄影技巧、运动镜头和固定画面、剪辑、声画关系和音响等几个方面来对其进行分析。
摄影技巧本片的画面极为清晰细腻。
运用省略叠化技术拍摄人们的劳作场景，如果把全部过程展现出来难免使观众产生厌烦之感。
机位景别不改变，省略中间过程的叠镜头，可以简化漫长的过程，并使画面变得活泼不沉闷。
运用超高速摄影可以拍出比一般的摄影机快80倍的镜头。
蝙蝠一段我们都被这一场面震惊。
蝙蝠在水面上舞动着翅膀飞行，水中是它优雅的倒影。
超高速摄影所带来的给与我们的感觉竟是如此的细腻和自然，让我们看到了以前无法观察到的一些场景升格摄影是和超高速摄影相反的。
镜头速度减慢，在农民处理稻穗的那一段放慢，制造了一种浪漫和谐美好气氛。
用水下的摄影机拍摄鸬鹚狩猎的、娃娃鱼的一段和黄金鲤鱼一段，给人平常无法体验到的水下经历。
叙述方面本片对人声的纪录实际上并没有太大体现，因为影片主要通过解说词来叙事的。
有些言语对我们的心里造成一定的打击，看到我们祖国的风光，同时也看到了，我们现在所存在的问题，我们应该通过这部影片提醒自己好好的保护好我们的祖国。
影片的解说词起到了贯穿始终，起到叙说、叙事、段落连接、气氛营造等作用。
音乐本片中音乐在渲染气氛和形象塑造功用比较突出。
本片背景音乐的作曲者是一位英国人，但他将中国元素运用的贴切到位，比如对笛子、古筝、二胡和箫等中国乐器都进行了恰到的好处。
在云南石林一段，笛子独奏制造出一种神秘古怪的气氛。
而在猴子旁边的监视者蛇出场的时候又用音乐制造了一种危险的气氛。
在黑夜猴攀岩一段又用提琴、鼓、扬琴制造轻快节奏塑造了猴子灵活的形象。
美丽中国(WildChina)第一集龙之心HeartoftheDragon
美丽中国（Wild China）第一集龙之心Heart of the Dragon 中英文字幕文本 (1)00:00:04,280 --> 00:00:06,700最后的隐世净土The last hidden world200:00:07,900 --> 00:00:09,500中国China300:00:11,700 --> 00:00:16,300数世纪来旅人传诵着关于这片神奇土地For centuries, travellers to China have told tales of magical landscapes400:00:18,980 --> 00:00:24,800以及那些神奇生物的传说and surprising creatures500:00:26,100 --> 00:00:29,300中国文明是世界最古老的文明Chinese civilization is the world's oldest600:00:30,000 --> 00:00:32,400而如今是最宏博的and today it's largest700:00:32,800 --> 00:00:34,600那数十亿的人民with well over a billion people800:00:36,600 --> 00:00:40,700现存超过五十个民族It's home to more than 50 distinct ethnic groups900:00:40,740 --> 00:00:43,400以及各式各样贴近自然的and a wide range of traditional life styles00:00:43,800 --> 00:00:48,700传统生活方式often inclose partnership with nature1100:00:52,500 --> 00:00:58,400我们都知道中国面对着着众多社会环境问题We know that China faces immense social and environmental problems1200:00:59,700 --> 00:01:03,000但这里也存在着令人窒息的美丽but there is great beauty here too1300:01:05,600 --> 00:01:08,400中国有着世界最高峰China is home to the world's highest mountains,1400:01:09,800 --> 00:01:13,200从无垠的炙热沙漠vast deserts ranging from from searing hot1500:01:13,500 --> 00:01:16,400到麻木大脑的寒冷地带to mind numbing cold1600:01:17,400 --> 00:01:18,600以及那蒸笼般的森林中steaming forests1700:01:18,900 --> 00:01:20,800隐匿的各种珍稀生物harboring rare creatures1800:01:24,000 --> 00:01:27,400天际下广阔无垠的草原grassy plains beneath vast horizons00:01:28,990 --> 00:01:32,000以及富饶的热带海洋and rich tropical seas2000:01:35,400 --> 00:01:37,400现在我们第一次有机会Now, for the first time ever2100:01:37,999 --> 00:01:41,000深入探索这片伟大的土地we can explore the whole of this great country2200:01:43,300 --> 00:01:48,300接触栖息于此的珍奇生物meet some of the surprising and exotic creatures that live here2300:01:50,600 --> 00:01:55,400目睹中国这片神奇土地上and consider the relationship of the people and wildlife of China2400:01:56,000 --> 00:01:59,500人与野生世界的羁绊to the remarkable landscaping which they live2500:02:04,000 --> 00:02:08,400这就是最原味的中国This is wild China2600:02:10,000 --> 00:02:23,000仅以此献给我们多灾多难但美丽依旧的祖国For our troubled but drop-dead beautiful motherland2600:02:38,980 --> 00:02:43,400我们的中国探索之旅始于南方的亚热带Our exploration of China begins in the warm subtropical south00:02:45,600 --> 00:02:49,800漓江的渔人和鱼鸟栖坐在竹筏上On the Li River fishermen and birds perch on bamboo rafts2800:02:50,200 --> 00:02:53,400这个组合已延续千年之久a partnership that goes back more than a thousand years2900:03:09,000 --> 00:03:11,600这景致已为世人所熟悉This scenery is known throughout the world3000:03:12,600 --> 00:03:16,400那是中国水墨永恒的主题a recurring motif in Chinese paintings3100:03:18,600 --> 00:03:21,900和旅人永远的胜地and a major tourist attraction3200:03:24,500 --> 00:03:27,400中国南部是片有英国国土The south of China is a vast area3300:03:27,700 --> 00:03:30,200九倍之大的广阔土地eight times larger than the UK3400:03:32,000 --> 00:03:34,000这里It's a landscape of hills3500:03:34,800 --> 00:03:36,400是山雨的国度but also of water00:03:44,500 --> 00:03:47,900这里一年之中有250天在降雨It rains here for up to 250 days a year3700:03:48,600 --> 00:03:50,600到处都是积水and standing water is everywhere3800:03:55,800 --> 00:03:57,900在扬子江的涝原In a floodplain of the Yangtse River3900:03:58,600 --> 00:04:02,400黑尾鹬在泥泞中寻索着虫子black-tailed godwits probe the mud in search of worms4000:04:03,400 --> 00:04:06,900并非只有野生动物在这样的环境下茁壮成长But it isn't just wildlife that thrive in this environment4100:04:07,500 --> 00:04:13,500沼泽般湿润肥沃的土地为作物家族最显著的成员提供了最理想的环境the swampy ground provides ideal conditions for the remarkable member of the grass family4200:04:14,500 --> 00:04:15,500这就是稻米rice4300:04:18,500 --> 00:04:22,400中国有着至少8000年的稻米种植史The Chinese have been cultivating rice for at least 8 thousand years4400:04:25,200 --> 00:04:28,400他们改变了这块土地It has transformed the landscape00:04:31,300 --> 00:04:35,500对云南南部的农民而言冬末是个繁忙的季节Late winter in southern Yunnan is a busy time for local farmers4600:04:35,700 --> 00:04:39,800因为他们要为即将来临的春天整顿这片古老的稻田as they prepare the age-old paddy fieldready for the coming spring4700:04:49,300 --> 00:04:52,000元阳县的山坡以2000M之势These hill slopes of Yuanyang county4800:04:52,100 --> 00:04:56,400斜插于红河谷地的河床plunge nearly 2000m to the floor of the Red River Valley4900:04:58,000 --> 00:05:05,000包含了上千由原始刨掘工具所创造出的梯田each contains literally thousands of stack terraces carved out by hand using basic digging tools5000:05:07,400 --> 00:05:12,000云南的梯田是中国最古老人类耕作痕迹中Yunnan's rice terraces are among the oldest human structures in China5100:05:13,000 --> 00:05:15,400依旧被耕种使用的土地still ploughed as they always have been5200:05:15,800 --> 00:05:18,300正如千百年来的习俗一样by domesticated water buffaloes5300:05:18,400 --> 00:05:23,700源自云南河谷的家养水牛承担了耕作的重任whose ancestors originated in these very valleys00:05:53,000 --> 00:05:58,900这片人力开拓的土地是工业化前中国最惊奇宏伟的壮景This man-made landscape is one of the most amazing engineering feats of preindustrial China5500:06:00,000 --> 00:06:02,800似乎这里的每一寸土地It seems as if every square inch of land5600:06:03,200 --> 00:06:05,400都被打上了农耕的痕迹has been pressed into cultivation5700:06:21,400 --> 00:06:22,800当薄暮降临As evening approaches5800:06:23,300 --> 00:06:26,300另一场古老的仪式上演an age-old ritual unfolds5900:06:28,300 --> 00:06:29,600现在是交配的季节It's the mating season6000:06:30,000 --> 00:06:34,000雄禾田蛙们为了吸引异性而卖力高鸣and male paddy frogs are competing for the attention of females6100:06:43,000 --> 00:06:46,400但这并非总能为你吸引来关注的目光But it dosen't always pay to draw too much attention to youself6200:06:49,600 --> 00:06:52,600中国池鹭是个饕餮掠食者The Chinese Pond Heron is a crapulous predator00:06:58,700 --> 00:07:01,100就算在耕作过的稻田中央Even in the middle of a ploughed paddy field6400:07:01,400 --> 00:07:04,300也会上演喙与爪的血腥剧目<i>nature is red in beak and claw6500:07:15,550 --> 00:07:17,300或许这看上去像一场屠杀This may look like a slaughter6600:07:17,800 --> 00:07:20,900但每只池鹭一次只能吞噬一只蛙but as each heron can swallow only one frog at a time6700:07:21,200 --> 00:07:24,500此时剩余的多数派得以逃生并获得了明日再度高歌的机会the vast majority will escape to croak another day6800:07:29,900 --> 00:07:35,000元阳县这样广泛种植水稻的Terrace paddies like those of YunYang county are found across much of southern China6900:07:36,900 --> 00:07:40,500梯田横贯中国南部This whole vast landscape is dominated by rice cultivation7000:07:45,300 --> 00:07:51,000苗族人在炎热的贵州发展了高度发达的水稻种植In heated Guizhou province the Miao minority have developed a remarkable rice culture7100:07:53,700 --> 00:07:57,200苗族人把木屋建立在陡峭低产的山壁上With every inch of fertile land given over to rice cultivation00:07:58,300 --> 00:08:03,400用其余每寸丰饶的土地来种植水稻the Miao build their wooden houses on the steepest and least productive hillsides7300:08:06,500 --> 00:08:09,200所有东西在中国农村都自有其用处In Chinese rural life everything has a use7400:08:09,600 --> 00:08:13,500牛棚里的肥料在太阳下晒干用作煮饭的燃料dried in the sun manure from the cowsheds would be used as cooking fuel7500:08:24,800 --> 00:08:29,990中午时分宋家人正饱餐以米和蔬菜为主的中饭It's midday and the Song family aretucking into a lunch of rice and vegetables7600:08:37,999 --> 00:08:40,400老祖父宋古永置身于天伦之乐外Oblivious to the domestic chitchat7700:08:40,600 --> 00:08:44,600寻思着重要的事情granddad Guyong Song has serious maters on his mind7800:08:45,800 --> 00:08:48,600春季是稻禾生长的伊始时节Spring is a start of the rice growing season7900:08:49,100 --> 00:08:53,000庄稼的长势决定了来年宋家人的生计the success of the crop will determin how well the family will eat next year8000:08:53,400 --> 00:08:56,100因而选择合适的时机进行耕作是至关重要的so planting at the right time is critical00:08:57,000 --> 00:09:00,300时机的选择取决于当年的天气情况The ideal date depends on what the weather will do this year8200:09:00,990 --> 00:09:02,400而这些却是永难估料的never easy to predict8300:09:03,000 --> 00:09:05,700但是身边就存在着贴心小帮手But there is some surprising help at hand8400:09:08,000 --> 00:09:14,200宋家厅堂房梁上的是一对刚从冬季迁徙中归来的金腰燕On the cielling of the Song's living rooma pair of red-rumped swallow newly arrive from their winter migration8500:09:14,400 --> 00:09:16,600他们正在为装潢新一年度的宅邸而忙碌is busy fixing up last year's nest8600:09:20,000 --> 00:09:26,300在中国动物们被赋予独特的象征意义并被细心呵护In China animals are valued does much for their symbolic meaning as for many good they may do8700:09:30,000 --> 00:09:33,700苗族人笃信成双燕终身相伴不离不弃Miao people believe that swallow pairs remain faithful for life8800:09:34,000 --> 00:09:36,800因此他们的存在被视为so their presence is a favor and a blessing8900:09:37,300 --> 00:09:41,000幸福生活与美满婚姻的象征bringing happiness to a marriage and good luck to a home00:09:42,890 --> 00:09:47,600如大多数苗人一样宋家起居室的窗子可以眺望见成片的梯田Like most Miao dwellings, the Song's living room windows look out over the paddy fields9100:09:48,400 --> 00:09:54,000从早春起一扇窗子便为了方便燕子往返穿飞而敞开From early spring, one of these windows is always left open to let the swallows come and go freely9200:09:57,700 --> 00:10:02,400古老爹知晓每年燕子归来的确切时间Each year granddad Gu knows the exact day the swallows return9300:10:04,000 --> 00:10:08,400苗族人坚信这些鸟儿的归来预示着春季的来临Miao people believe the birds arrival predicts the timing of a season ahead9400:10:09,200 --> 00:10:10,500然而今年他们姗姗来迟This year, they were late9500:10:11,700 --> 00:10:18,900因而古老爹和其他族中长老一致认为今年的插秧应当推迟so Gu and the other community elders have agreed that rice planting should be delayed accordingly9600:10:28,900 --> 00:10:31,400当苗族人为了插秧而整备田地时As the Miao prepare their fields for planting9700:10:31,990 --> 00:10:34,900燕子们或搜集修整巢穴用的泥巴the swallows collect mud to repair their nests9800:10:35,500 --> 00:10:38,400或穿越新耕的稻田追逐昆虫and chase after insects across the newly ploughed paddies00:11:10,300 --> 00:11:12,300最终经过了几周的准备Finally, after weeks of preparation10000:11:12,700 --> 00:11:15,400这个预定种植的时刻来临了the ordained time for planting has arrived10100:11:16,400 --> 00:11:19,600首先秧苗必须从苗床上连根拔起but first the seedlings must be uproot from the nursery beds10200:11:20,100 --> 00:11:23,400扎成捆移植到高处山地and bundled up ready to be transported to their new paddy10300:11:23,500 --> 00:11:24,900那崭新的苗床上higher up the hillside10400:11:26,200 --> 00:11:29,400宋家邻里乡亲全员出动帮助移植All the Song's neighbors have turned out to help with the transplanting10500:11:30,000 --> 00:11:32,200这是一直来他们的集体协作方式It's how the community has always worked10600:11:32,400 --> 00:11:35,600当然一旦时刻来临宋家人也会做出相同行为来报恩when the time comes, the Songs will return the favor10700:11:40,800 --> 00:11:43,000当农户们忙碌在田埂间时While the farmers are busy in the fields00:11:43,200 --> 00:11:46,700飞燕们则衔着修整巢穴的材料来来往往the swallows fly back and forth with material for their nest10900:12:09,700 --> 00:12:11,400人多力量大Many hands make light work11000:12:12,500 --> 00:12:15,300插秧的整个过程只持续了仅一个多小时planting the new paddy takes a little more than an hour11100:12:33,000 --> 00:12:36,000当工作完成农户们得以休息Job done, the villagers can relax11200:12:37,000 --> 00:12:39,600至少在明天来临之前at least until tomorrow11300:12:40,400 --> 00:12:43,300然而对这些筑巢的飞鸟而言修筑家园的宏大工程But for the nesting swallows, the work of raising a family11400:12:44,000 --> 00:12:46,500才刚刚开始has only just begun11500:12:55,000 --> 00:12:57,000新耕种的田地里In the newly planted fields11600:12:57,200 --> 00:12:59,400白鹭在寻找食物little egrets hunt for foods00:13:01,700 --> 00:13:04,800稻田成了虫鱼蝌蚪的乐园The rice paddy harbor tadpoles fish and insects11800:13:05,200 --> 00:13:07,400而白鹭正好以此哺育幼鸟and egrets have chicks to feed11900:13:09,700 --> 00:13:13,600重庆自然保护区建立于1996年This colony in Chongqing province is established in 199612000:13:14,500 --> 00:13:19,000当成群的鸟儿安家在阳光村后方的小竹林when a few dozen birds build nests in thebamboo grove behind YanGuang village12100:13:20,990 --> 00:13:22,400当地人将其视为幸运的使者Believing they were assigned of luck12200:13:22,700 --> 00:13:27,100他们最初小心保护这些白鹭和他们的栖息地local people initially protected the egrets and the colony grove12300:13:29,400 --> 00:13:32,500但当村长病重后他们的态度发生了转变But their attitude change when the head of the village fell ill12400:13:34,700 --> 00:13:38,300当政府开始介入保护鸟群时They blame the birds and were all set to destroy their nests12500:13:38,800 --> 00:13:41,000他们开始敌视鸟群并着手摧毁巢穴when the local government stepped in to protect them00:13:51,700 --> 00:13:55,000易弯曲的竹子或许并非安家的最佳场所Bendy bamboo may not be the safest nesting place12700:13:56,300 --> 00:13:59,400但至少这些小家伙们不会成为捕食者的腹中餐but at least these youngsters won't end up at someone's dinner12800:14:11,700 --> 00:14:15,000这些小家伙刚从母亲嘴里分得美食These chicks have just had a meal delivered by their mom12900:14:15,700 --> 00:14:17,700对新生的小嘴着实是一大挑战quite a challenge for litter beaks13000:14:30,000 --> 00:14:32,000介于他们的栖息地是受保护的Providing their colonies are protected13100:14:32,200 --> 00:14:38,400像白鹭这样的候鸟是少数直接从发达的水稻种植中获益的鸟类wading birds like egrets are among the few wild creatures which benefit directly from intensive rice cultivation13200:14:42,000 --> 00:14:44,000水稻生长需要大量的水Growing rice needs lots of water13300:14:44,600 --> 00:14:50,400但即便是在多雨的南方有些土地也面临缺水的危机but even in the rainy south, there are landscapes where water is surprisingly scarce 13400:14:55,700 --> 00:14:58,000相当于法国和西班牙国土加起来那么大This vast area of southwest China13500:14:58,200 --> 00:15:00,600的中国西南的广阔土地the size of France and Spain combined13600:15:00,900 --> 00:15:03,500因为宛如被干燥中空的谷地隔离开来的巨大蛋盒般is famous for its clusters of conical hills13700:15:03,990 --> 00:15:10,000连绵的锥形山脉而闻名于世like giant upturned egg cartonseperated by dry empty valleys13800:15:13,990 --> 00:15:15,400这就是喀斯特地貌This is the karst13900:15:16,000 --> 00:15:22,400石灰石地貌俨然成为南部中国的标志性特征a limestone terrain which has become the defining image of southern China14000:15:24,000 --> 00:15:29,000喀斯特地貌通常以突起的裸岩状态分布Karst landscapes are oftenstudded with rocky outcrops14100:15:29,300 --> 00:15:32,200这迫使当地农民只得在破碎的小块土地上耕作forcing local farmers to cultivate tiny fields14200:15:38,400 --> 00:15:41,500当地人是中国最贫穷的居民之一The people who live hereare among the poorest in China14300:15:44,400 --> 00:15:46,000在毗邻的云南省In neighboring Yunnan province00:15:46,200 --> 00:15:49,000遍布着石灰石limestone rocks have taken over entirely14500:16:00,000 --> 00:16:02,300这就是著名的石林This is the famous Stone Forest14600:16:02,600 --> 00:16:05,200无数年侵蚀作用的产物the product of countless years of erosion14700:16:05,500 --> 00:16:09,000造就了无数的狭道与巅峰producing a maze of deep gullets and sharp-edged pinnacles14800:16:14,300 --> 00:16:18,000石灰石有一个独性那就是能被雨水分解Limestone has a strange property that is dissolves in rain water14900:16:20,500 --> 00:16:26,000在数千年的漫长光阴中水的侵蚀深入到岩床的心脏地带Over many thousands of years, water has corrode its way deep into the heart of the bedrock itself15000:16:35,700 --> 00:16:38,500这一自然奇观成为了著名的旅游景点This natural wonder has a famous tourist spot15100:16:39,200 --> 00:16:43,400每年的访客数量多达200万人receiving close to 2 million visitors each year15200:16:45,400 --> 00:16:48,000中国人特别喜好奇形怪状的岩石The Chinese are fond of curiously shaped rocks00:16:48,300 --> 00:16:51,600并以为嶙峋怪石冠上千奇百怪的名字为乐and many have been given fanciful names15400:16:51,750 --> 00:16:54,300但没人来猜测这个块怪石的名字No prices for guessing what this one is called15500:16:57,900 --> 00:17:00,400但百闻不如置身这片奇妙山地亲身一见But there is more to this landscapethan meets the eye15600:17:00,990 --> 00:17:04,500在中国醒目的喀斯特地貌下China has literally thousands of mysterious caverns15700:17:04,800 --> 00:17:07,600隐匿着无数的神秘洞穴concealed beneath the visible landscape of the karst15800:17:08,700 --> 00:17:12,400这些隐秘世界大多不为世人所知Much of this hidden world has never been seen by human eyes15900:17:12,700 --> 00:17:16,000而现在他们将被展现在世人眼前And it's only just now being explored16000:17:24,100 --> 00:17:27,000奇险洞穴中再现了一场终极的探险For a growing band of intrepid young Chinese explorers16100:17:27,300 --> 00:17:32,000主角是一群日渐成长初生牛犊般的年轻探险家caves represent the ultimate adventure00:17:34,300 --> 00:17:37,400探索一个洞穴犹如一场穿越时空的探险Exploring a cave is like taking the journey through time16300:17:37,800 --> 00:17:42,400常年积水叮咚伴随着无止境般的旅途a journey which endless raindrops would have followed over countless centuries16400:17:53,400 --> 00:17:55,600水滴潺潺落下Fed by countless drips and trickles16500:17:56,000 --> 00:17:59,500地下河流深切入岩the subterranean river carves ever deeper into the rock16600:18:09,600 --> 00:18:13,000石灰岩河床将洞穴的河道分割成千沟万壑The cave river's course is channeled by the beds of limestone16700:18:13,600 --> 00:18:18,000石灰岩薄弱处被河水冲刷差距的陡坡处水量激增A weakness in the rock can not allow the river to increase its gradient flowrate16800:18:18,160 --> 00:18:22,600为洞穴探险带来相当的挑战providing a real challenge for the cave explorers16900:19:02,400 --> 00:19:05,600水流到达地下水位后便停止下流The downward rushes halted when the water table is reached17000:19:06,600 --> 00:19:10,800这里缓缓流动的河流切割出一条圆形隧道Here the slow flowing river carves tunnels with a more rounded profile00:19:15,800 --> 00:19:19,600这静谧的世界是穴居鱼的家This tranquil world is home to specialized cave fishes17200:19:20,400 --> 00:19:22,700比如无目金鲃like the eye-less Golden Barb17300:19:24,000 --> 00:19:27,600中国或许拥有地球上种类最为繁多的China may have unique kinds of cave evolved fishes17400:19:27,900 --> 00:19:30,700洞穴进化鱼than anywhere else on Earth17500:19:35,400 --> 00:19:36,900在地下水位线Above the water table17600:19:37,200 --> 00:19:43,500远古洞穴溢满的河水中充斥着石笋和钟乳石ancient caverns abandoned by the river slowly fill up with stalactites and stalagmites17700:19:48,120 --> 00:19:52,700含有沉积物的水流Stalactites form as trickling water deposites tiny quantities of rock17800:19:52,980 --> 00:19:55,400在千万年间“滴水成石”over hundreds or thousands of years17900:19:56,700 --> 00:20:01,500含有石灰质的水滴落石床形成石笋Stalagmites grow up where lime laid and drips hit the cave floor00:20:22,400 --> 00:20:27,000迄今为止被探索发掘的中国洞穴是中国大地上的九牛一毛So far, only a fraction of China's caves have been thoroughly prospected18100:20:27,200 --> 00:20:30,600而被发掘的洞穴不断为我们展现地底奇观and caves are constantly discovering new subterranean marvels18200:20:30,800 --> 00:20:36,200许多在后来被开发成了商业景点many of which are subsequently developed into commercial show caves18300:20:44,250 --> 00:20:46,300探索者沿着洞穴河流出山谷的轨迹逃离了黑暗Finally escaping the darkness18400:20:46,700 --> 00:20:52,700在远离出发地的河谷the cave river and its human explorers emerge in a valley far from where their journey began18500:20:53,600 --> 00:20:56,300这场冒险拉上了帷幕or now the adventure is over18600:20:60,290 --> 00:21:02,000源自洞穴河流Rivers which issue from caves18700:21:02,100 --> 00:21:04,400为喀斯特地区提供了生命之泉are the key to survival in the karst country18800:21:04,990 --> 00:21:07,200贵州的垂直峡谷This vertical gorge in Guizhou province00:21:07,500 --> 00:21:12,200成为了当地野生动物的密集焦点is a focal point for the region's wildlife19000:21:26,150 --> 00:21:28,400这是世界上最珍稀的灵长类之一This is one of the world's rarest primates19100:21:29,600 --> 00:21:31,700白颊黑叶猴Francois's langur19200:21:33,000 --> 00:21:36,200在中国他们只残存于两个南部省份In China, they survive in just two southern provinces19300:21:36,700 --> 00:21:38,600贵州与广西Guizhou and Guangxi19400:21:39,220 --> 00:21:42,500多半栖息于崎岖的石灰岩地貌地带always in ragged limestone terrains19500:21:44,400 --> 00:21:46,700正如大多数猴子一样他们是社会性生物Like most monkeys, they're social creatures19600:21:47,400 --> 00:21:50,300并且他们乐于耗费大把时间为彼此整理仪容and spend a great deal of time grooming each other19700:21:59,300 --> 00:22:05,300叶猴是个不折不扣以嫩芽、嫩叶、水果为食的素食主义者Langurs are essentially vegetarian with a diet of buds, fruits, and tender young leaves00:22:17,190 --> 00:22:19,200叶猴宝宝裹着姜黄色的毛发出生Babies are born with ginger fur19900:22:19,500 --> 00:22:22,400这些毛发随着生长逐渐从尾部开始变成黑色which gradually turns black from the tail end20000:22:29,400 --> 00:22:31,800叶猴宝宝虎钳般的爪Young infants have a vise-like grip20100:22:31,990 --> 00:22:34,200帮助他们附着在妈妈身上以保证安全used for cling on to mom for dare life20200:22:36,800 --> 00:22:37,700随着年龄的增长As they get older20300:22:37,980 --> 00:22:40,500他们越发胆大，并开始常识更多刺激they get bolder and take more risks20400:22:45,000 --> 00:22:47,600这些是经历诸多冒险后的幸存者Those have survive spend a lot of time travelling20500:22:48,280 --> 00:22:52,300尽管经验丰富的成年叶猴深知Yet experienced adults know exactly where to find seasonal food20600:22:52,500 --> 00:22:56,400到守备范围内不同区域的哪里去寻觅当季的食物in different parts of their range00:22:58,600 --> 00:23:00,000在如此陡峭的地带In such steep terrain20800:23:00,600 --> 00:23:03,400旅途顺利包含了高超的攀爬技巧travel involves a high level of climbing skill20900:23:03,900 --> 00:23:12,200这些猴子打会走路起就是卓越的攀岩专家These monkeys are spectacularly good rock climbers from the time they learnt to walk21000:23:19,900 --> 00:23:21,300叶猴族群In langur society21100:23:21,500 --> 00:23:23,200是母系社会females rule the roost21200:23:23,500 --> 00:23:26,400并且是举家迁徙的领队人物and take the lead when the family is on the move21300:23:52,500 --> 00:23:53,600峭壁一侧One section of cliff21400:23:53,980 --> 00:23:56,400分泌的水是富含矿物质的woops is a trickle of mineral-rich water21500:23:56,900 --> 00:23:59,600这对猴子们而言是不可抗拒的诱惑which the monkeys seem to find irresistible00:24:14,600 --> 00:24:20,400如今麻阳河自然保护区已鲜有危及猴宝宝的捕食者These days there are few predators in the Mayanghe Reserve which might pose a risk to baby monkey21700:24:20,880 --> 00:24:23,200然而在过去的数个世纪but in past centuries, this area of south China21800:24:23,700 --> 00:24:27,200中国南部的这个地区是豹子巨蟒甚至老虎的家was home to leopards, pythons, and even tigers21900:24:30,000 --> 00:24:32,500为了在暗夜潜行者的利爪下存活To survive dangerous night prowlers22000:24:32,800 --> 00:24:34,400叶猴们前往地底the langurs went underground22100:24:35,200 --> 00:24:40,000用他们的高超的攀爬技巧爬到洞穴上方寻找庇护所using their rock climbing skills to seek shelter in inaccessible caverns22200:24:55,200 --> 00:24:58,300夜视镜在近乎黑暗的坏境下记录下Filmed in near darkness using a night vision camera22300:24:59,200 --> 00:25:02,300叶猴一家爬上了the troop clambers along familiar ledges22400:25:02,600 --> 00:25:05,200被数代猴族磨蚀光润的石壁的情景worn smooth by generations before them00:25:12,700 --> 00:25:14,400当冬日寒冷来袭During cold winter weather22600:25:14,880 --> 00:25:17,400猴子们则冒险潜入the monkeys venture deeper underground22700:25:17,600 --> 00:25:20,400空气相对保持温暖的地下where the air stays comparatively warm22800:25:37,400 --> 00:25:39,200旅途的终点At last, journeys end,22900:25:39,600 --> 00:25:43,999高悬的庇护所使得最激进的捕食者都束手无策a coated niche beyond the reach of even the most enterprising predator23000:25:47,800 --> 00:25:50,600并非只有猴子们在洞穴中寻找遮蔽But it's not just monkeys that find shelter in caves23100:25:51,000 --> 00:25:53,000这些孩子们刚放学These children are off to school23200:25:54,400 --> 00:25:58,000在中国农村每天早上都意味着一段In rural China, that may mean a long trek each morning23300:25:58,200 --> 00:26:00,400穿越一两个洞穴的艰苦跋涉passing through a cave or two on the way00:26:02,600 --> 00:26:05,000然而并非所有孩子都要徒步上学But not all pupils have to walk to school23500:26:06,200 --> 00:26:08,300这些孩子是寄宿生These children are boarders23600:26:11,400 --> 00:26:13,600当孩子们快要到达学校时As the day pupils near journey's end23700:26:14,500 --> 00:26:16,600住宿生还在做早饭the boarders are still making breakfast23800:26:20,900 --> 00:26:24,600校园内仿若被关掉了灯一般黑暗In the school yard, someone seems to have switched the lights off23900:26:28,200 --> 00:26:30,000但这里其实并没有正规的操场But this is no ordinary play ground24000:26:30,900 --> 00:26:32,500以及正规的学校and no ordinary school24100:26:36,880 --> 00:26:37,880只不过是座Its house24200:26:38,700 --> 00:26:40,000洞穴中的房屋而已inside a cave00:26:43,500 --> 00:26:46,200天然拱顶阻隔了雨水A natural vault of rock keeps out the rain24400:26:46,500 --> 00:26:49,200为教室省去了屋顶so there is no need for a roof on the classroom24500:27:01,000 --> 00:27:04,400中东洞穴学校由六个班级Zhongdong cave school is made up of 6 classes24600:27:04,600 --> 00:27:06,900共200名学生组成with a total of 200 children24700:27:09,400 --> 00:27:13,400如同这所学校般这个洞穴住宅区As well as a school, the cave houses 18 families24800:27:14,400 --> 00:27:16,200是18户人家和他们牲畜的聚居地together with their livestock24900:27:18,500 --> 00:27:22,000这或许是世界上唯一在洞穴中饲养的牛了This could be the only cave dwelling cows on Earth25000:27:27,500 --> 00:27:30,300放学后是游戏的时间With school work over, it's play time at last25100:27:43,000 --> 00:27:46,000在中国南方洞穴不仅用于遮蔽In southern China, caves aren't just used for shelter00:27:46,400 --> 00:27:49,300他们也能为当地人带来恩惠they can be a source of revenue for the community25300:28:22,600 --> 00:28:25,600数代的人持续受到洞穴的恩泽People have been visiting this cave for generations25400:28:25,900 --> 00:28:28,300洞穴地底覆盖了满满鸟粪The cave floor is covered in guano25500:28:28,700 --> 00:28:32,500仅仅十分钟时间就能让农人满载而归so plentiful that 10 minutes' work can fill these farmer's baskets25600:28:33,650 --> 00:28:36,200这是一种宝贵的天然肥料This used as a valuable source of fertilizer25700:28:45,000 --> 00:28:50,500鸟粪的源头能听到河水上空的鸟鸣A clue to the source of the guano can be heard above the noise of the river25800:28:51,300 --> 00:28:54,000噪音因为山洞而被放大The sound originates high up in the roof of the cave25900:28:57,000 --> 00:28:59,800入口处聚满了雨燕The entrance is full of swifts26000:29:02,600 --> 00:29:04,500他们是社交性动物They are very sociable birds。
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100:00:04,280 --> 00:00:06,700最后的隐世净土The last hidden world200:00:07,900 --> 00:00:09,500中国China300:00:11,700 --> 00:00:16,300数世纪来旅人传诵着关于这片神奇土地For centuries, travellers to China have told tales of magical landscapes400:00:18,980 --> 00:00:24,800以及那些神奇生物的传说and surprising creatures500:00:26,100 --> 00:00:29,300中国文明是世界最古老的文明Chinese civilization is the world's oldest600:00:30,000 --> 00:00:32,400而如今是最宏博的and today it's largest700:00:32,800 --> 00:00:34,600那数十亿的人民with well over a billion people800:00:36,600 --> 00:00:40,700现存超过五十个民族It's home to more than 50 distinct ethnic groups900:00:40,740 --> 00:00:43,400 以及各式各样贴近自然的and a wide range of traditional life styles1000:00:43,800 --> 00:00:48,700传统生活方式often inclose partnership with nature1100:00:52,500 --> 00:00:58,400我们都知道中国面对着着众多社会环境问题We know that China faces immense social and environmental problems1200:00:59,700 --> 00:01:03,000但这里也存在着令人窒息的美丽but there is great beauty here too1300:01:05,600 --> 00:01:08,400中国有着世界最高峰China is home to the world's highest mountains,1400:01:09,800 --> 00:01:13,200从无垠的炙热沙漠vast deserts ranging from from searing hot1500:01:13,500 --> 00:01:16,400到麻木大脑的寒冷地带to mind numbing cold1600:01:17,400 --> 00:01:18,600以及那蒸笼般的森林中steaming forests1700:01:18,900 --> 00:01:20,800隐匿的各种珍稀生物harboring rare creatures1800:01:24,000 --> 00:01:27,400天际下广阔无垠的草原grassy plains beneath vast horizons1900:01:28,990 --> 00:01:32,000以及富饶的热带海洋and rich tropical seas2000:01:35,400 --> 00:01:37,400现在我们第一次有机会Now, for the first time ever2100:01:37,999 --> 00:01:41,000深入探索这片伟大的土地we can explore the whole of this great country2200:01:43,300 --> 00:01:48,300接触栖息于此的珍奇生物meet some of the surprising and exotic creatures that live here2300:01:50,600 --> 00:01:55,400目睹中国这片神奇土地上and consider the relationship of the people and wildlife of China2400:01:56,000 --> 00:01:59,500人与野生世界的羁绊to the remarkable landscaping which they live2500:02:04,000 --> 00:02:08,400这就是最原味的中国This is wild China 2600:02:10,000 --> 00:02:23,000仅以此献给我们多灾多难但美丽依旧的祖国For our troubled but drop-dead beautiful motherland2600:02:38,980 --> 00:02:43,400我们的中国探索之旅始于南方的亚热带Our exploration of China begins in the warm subtropical south2700:02:45,600 --> 00:02:49,800漓江的渔人和鱼鸟栖坐在竹筏上On the Li River fishermen and birds perch on bamboo rafts2800:02:50,200 --> 00:02:53,400这个组合已延续千年之久a partnership that goes back more than a thousand years2900:03:09,000 --> 00:03:11,600这景致已为世人所熟悉This scenery is known throughout the world3000:03:12,600 --> 00:03:16,400那是中国水墨永恒的主题a recurring motif in Chinese paintings3100:03:18,600 --> 00:03:21,900和旅人永远的胜地and a major tourist attraction3200:03:24,500 --> 00:03:27,400中国南部有一个广大的地区The south of China is a vast area3300:03:27,700 --> 00:03:30,200九倍之大的广阔土地eight times larger than the UK3400:03:32,000 --> 00:03:34,000这里It's a landscape of hills3500:03:34,800 --> 00:03:36,400是山雨的国度but also of water3600:03:44,500 --> 00:03:47,900这里一年之中有250天在降雨It rains here for up to 250 days a year3700:03:48,600 --> 00:03:50,600到处都是积水and standing water is everywhere3800:03:55,800 --> 00:03:57,900在扬子江的涝原In a floodplain of the Y angtse River3900:03:58,600 --> 00:04:02,400黑尾鹬在泥泞中寻索着虫子black-tailed godwits probe the mud in search of worms4000:04:03,400 --> 00:04:06,900并非只有野生动物在这样的环境下茁壮成长But it isn't just wildlife that thrive in this environment 4100:04:07,500 --> 00:04:13,500沼泽般湿润肥沃的土地为作物家族最显著的成员提供了最理想的环境the swampy ground provides ideal conditions for the remarkable member of the grass family4200:04:14,500 --> 00:04:15,500这就是稻米rice4300:04:18,500 --> 00:04:22,400中国有着至少8000年的稻米种植史The Chinese have been cultivating rice for at least 8 thousand years4400:04:25,200 --> 00:04:28,400他们改变了这块土地It has transformed the landscape4500:04:31,300 --> 00:04:35,500对云南南部的农民而言冬末是个繁忙的季节Late winter in southern Y unnan is a busy time for local farmers4600:04:35,700 --> 00:04:39,800因为他们要为即将来临的春天整顿这片古老的稻田as they prepare the age-old paddy fieldready for the coming spring4700:04:49,300 --> 00:04:52,000元阳县的山坡以2000M之势These hill slopes of Y uanyang county4800:04:52,100 --> 00:04:56,400斜插于红河谷地的河床plunge nearly 2000m to the floor of the Red River V alley4900:04:58,000 --> 00:05:05,000包含了上千由原始刨掘工具所创造出的梯田each contains literally thousands of stack terraces carved out by hand using basic digging tools5000:05:07,400 --> 00:05:12,000云南的梯田是中国最古老人类耕作痕迹中Y unnan's rice terraces are among the oldest human structures in China5100:05:13,000 --> 00:05:15,400依旧被耕种使用的土地still ploughed as they always have been5200:05:15,800 --> 00:05:18,300正如千百年来的习俗一样by domesticated water buffaloes5300:05:18,400 --> 00:05:23,700源自云南河谷的家养水牛承担了耕作的重任whose ancestors originated in these very valleys5400:05:53,000 --> 00:05:58,900这片人力开拓的土地是工业化前中国最惊奇宏伟的壮景This man-made landscape is one of the most amazing engineering feats of preindustrial China 5500:06:00,000 --> 00:06:02,800似乎这里的每一寸土地It seems as if every square inch of land5600:06:03,200 --> 00:06:05,400都被打上了农耕的痕迹has been pressed into cultivation5700:06:21,400 --> 00:06:22,800当薄暮降临As evening approaches5800:06:23,300 --> 00:06:26,300另一场古老的仪式上演an age-old ritual unfolds5900:06:28,300 --> 00:06:29,600现在是交配的季节It's the mating season6000:06:30,000 --> 00:06:34,000雄禾田蛙们为了吸引异性而卖力高鸣and male paddy frogs are competing for the attention of females6100:06:43,000 --> 00:06:46,400但这并非总能为你吸引来关注的目光But it dosen't always pay to draw too much attention to youself6200:06:49,600 --> 00:06:52,600中国池鹭是个饕餮掠食者The Chinese Pond Heron is a crapulous predator6300:06:58,700 --> 00:07:01,100就算在耕作过的稻田中央Even in the middle of a ploughed paddy field6400:07:01,400 --> 00:07:04,300也会上演喙与爪的血腥剧目<i>nature is red in beak and claw6500:07:15,550 --> 00:07:17,300或许这看上去像一场屠杀This may look like a slaughter6600:07:17,800 --> 00:07:20,900但每只池鹭一次只能吞噬一只蛙but as each heron can swallow only one frog at a time6700:07:21,200 --> 00:07:24,500此时剩余的多数派得以逃生并获得了明日再度高歌的机会the vast majority will escape to croak another day6800:07:29,900 --> 00:07:35,000元阳县这样广泛种植水稻的Terrace paddies like those of Y unY ang county are found across much of southern China6900:07:36,900 --> 00:07:40,500梯田横贯中国南部This whole vast landscape is dominated by rice cultivation7000:07:45,300 --> 00:07:51,000苗族人在炎热的贵州发展了高度发达的水稻种植In heated Guizhou province the Miao minority have developed a remarkable rice culture7100:07:53,700 --> 00:07:57,200苗族人把木屋建立在陡峭低产的山壁上With every inch of fertile land given over to rice cultivation7200:07:58,300 --> 00:08:03,400用其余每寸丰饶的土地来种植水稻the Miao build their wooden houses on the steepest and least productive hillsides7300:08:06,500 --> 00:08:09,200所有东西在中国农村都自有其用处In Chinese rural life everything has a use7400:08:09,600 --> 00:08:13,500牛棚里的肥料在太阳下晒干用作煮饭的燃料dried in the sun manure from the cowsheds would be used as cooking fuel7500:08:24,800 --> 00:08:29,990中午时分宋家人正饱餐以米和蔬菜为主的中饭It's midday and the Song family aretucking into a lunch of rice and vegetables7600:08:37,999 --> 00:08:40,400老祖父宋古永置身于天伦之乐外Oblivious to the domestic chitchat7700:08:40,600 --> 00:08:44,600寻思着重要的事情granddad Guyong Song has serious maters on his mind7800:08:45,800 --> 00:08:48,600春季是稻禾生长的伊始时节Spring is a start of the rice growing season7900:08:49,100 --> 00:08:53,000庄稼的长势决定了来年宋家人的生计the success of the crop will determin how well the family will eat next year8000:08:53,400 --> 00:08:56,100因而选择合适的时机进行耕作是至关重要的so planting at the right time is critical8100:08:57,000 --> 00:09:00,300时机的选择取决于当年的天气情况The ideal date depends on what the weather will do this year8200:09:00,990 --> 00:09:02,400而这些却是永难估料的never easy to predict8300:09:03,000 --> 00:09:05,700但是身边就存在着贴心小帮手But there is some surprising help at hand8400:09:08,000 --> 00:09:14,200宋家厅堂房梁上的是一对刚从冬季迁徙中归来的金腰燕On the cielling of the Song's living rooma pair of red-rumped swallow newly arrive from their winter migration8500:09:14,400 --> 00:09:16,600 他们正在为装潢新一年度的宅邸而忙碌is busy fixing up last year's nest8600:09:20,000 --> 00:09:26,300在中国动物们被赋予独特的象征意义并被细心呵护In China animals are valued does much for their symbolic meaning as for many good they may do8700:09:30,000 --> 00:09:33,700苗族人笃信成双燕终身相伴不离不弃Miao people believe that swallow pairs remain faithful for life8800:09:34,000 --> 00:09:36,800因此他们的存在被视为so their presence is a favor and a blessing8900:09:37,300 --> 00:09:41,000幸福生活与美满婚姻的象征bringing happiness to a marriage and good luck to a home9000:09:42,890 --> 00:09:47,600如大多数苗人一样宋家起居室的窗子可以眺望见成片的梯田Like most Miao dwellings, the Song's living room windows look out over the paddy fields9100:09:48,400 --> 00:09:54,000从早春起一扇窗子便为了方便燕子往返穿飞而敞开From early spring, one of these windows is always left open to let the swallows come and go freely9200:09:57,700 --> 00:10:02,400古老爹知晓每年燕子归来的确切时间Each year granddad Gu knows the exact day the swallows return9300:10:04,000 --> 00:10:08,400苗族人坚信这些鸟儿的归来预示着春季的来临Miao people believe the birds arrival predicts the timing of a season ahead9400:10:09,200 --> 00:10:10,500然而今年他们姗姗来迟This year, they were late9500:10:11,700 --> 00:10:18,900因而古老爹和其他族中长老一致认为今年的插秧应当推迟so Gu and the other community elders have agreed that rice planting should be delayed accordingly9600:10:28,900 --> 00:10:31,400当苗族人为了插秧而整备田地时As the Miao prepare their fields for planting9700:10:31,990 --> 00:10:34,900燕子们或搜集修整巢穴用的泥巴the swallows collect mud to repair their nests9800:10:35,500 --> 00:10:38,400或穿越新耕的稻田追逐昆虫and chase after insects across the newly ploughed paddies9900:11:10,300 --> 00:11:12,300最终经过了几周的准备Finally, after weeks of preparation10000:11:12,700 --> 00:11:15,400这个预定种植的时刻来临了the ordained time for planting has arrived10100:11:16,400 --> 00:11:19,600首先秧苗必须从苗床上连根拔起but first the seedlings must be uproot from the nursery beds10200:11:20,100 --> 00:11:23,400扎成捆移植到高处山地and bundled up ready to be transported to their new paddy10300:11:23,500 --> 00:11:24,900那崭新的苗床上higher up the hillside10400:11:26,200 --> 00:11:29,400宋家邻里乡亲全员出动帮助移植All the Song's neighbors have turned out to help with the transplanting10500:11:30,000 --> 00:11:32,200这是一直来他们的集体协作方式It's how the community has always worked10600:11:32,400 --> 00:11:35,600当然一旦时刻来临宋家人也会做出相同行为来报恩when the time comes, the Songs will return the favor10700:11:40,800 --> 00:11:43,000当农户们忙碌在田埂间时While the farmers are busy in the fields10800:11:43,200 --> 00:11:46,700飞燕们则衔着修整巢穴的材料来来往往the swallows fly back and forth with material for their nest10900:12:09,700 --> 00:12:11,400人多力量大Many hands make light work11000:12:12,500 --> 00:12:15,300插秧的整个过程只持续了仅一个多小时planting the new paddy takes a little more than an hour11100:12:33,000 --> 00:12:36,000当工作完成农户们得以休息Job done, the villagers can relax11200:12:37,000 --> 00:12:39,600至少在明天来临之前at least until tomorrow11300:12:40,400 --> 00:12:43,300然而对这些筑巢的飞鸟而言修筑家园的宏大工程But for the nesting swallows, the work of raising a family11400:12:44,000 --> 00:12:46,500才刚刚开始has only just begun11500:12:55,000 --> 00:12:57,000 新耕种的田地里In the newly planted fields11600:12:57,200 --> 00:12:59,400白鹭在寻找食物little egrets hunt for foods11700:13:01,700 --> 00:13:04,800稻田成了虫鱼蝌蚪的乐园The rice paddy harbor tadpoles fish and insects11800:13:05,200 --> 00:13:07,400而白鹭正好以此哺育幼鸟and egrets have chicks to feed11900:13:09,700 --> 00:13:13,600重庆自然保护区建立于1996年This colony in Chongqing province is established in 199612000:13:14,500 --> 00:13:19,000当成群的鸟儿安家在阳光村后方的小竹林when a few dozen birds build nests in the bamboo grove behind Y anGuang village12100:13:20,990 --> 00:13:22,400当地人将其视为幸运的使者Believing they were assigned of luck12200:13:22,700 --> 00:13:27,100他们最初小心保护这些白鹭和他们的栖息地local people initially protected the egrets and the colony grove12300:13:29,400 --> 00:13:32,500但当村长病重后他们的态度发生了转变But their attitude change when the head of the village fell ill12400:13:34,700 --> 00:13:38,300当政府开始介入保护鸟群时They blame the birds and were all set to destroy their nests12500:13:38,800 --> 00:13:41,000他们开始敌视鸟群并着手摧毁巢穴when the local government stepped in to protect them12600:13:51,700 --> 00:13:55,000易弯曲的竹子或许并非安家的最佳场所Bendy bamboo may not be the safest nesting place12700:13:56,300 --> 00:13:59,400但至少这些小家伙们不会成为捕食者的腹中餐but at least these youngsters won't end up at someone's dinner12800:14:11,700 --> 00:14:15,000这些小家伙刚从母亲嘴里分得美食These chicks have just had a meal delivered by their mom12900:14:15,700 --> 00:14:17,700对新生的小嘴着实是一大挑战quite a challenge for litter beaks13000:14:30,000 --> 00:14:32,000介于他们的栖息地是受保护的Providing their colonies are protected13100:14:32,200 --> 00:14:38,400像白鹭这样的候鸟是少数直接从发达的水稻种植中获益的鸟类wading birds like egrets are among the few wild creatures which benefit directly from intensive rice cultivation13200:14:42,000 --> 00:14:44,000水稻生长需要大量的水Growing rice needs lots of water13300:14:44,600 --> 00:14:50,400但即便是在多雨的南方有些土地也面临缺水的危机but even in the rainy south, there are landscapes where water is surprisingly scarce13400:14:55,700 --> 00:14:58,000相当于法国和西班牙国土加起来那么大This vast area of southwest China13500:14:58,200 --> 00:15:00,600的中国西南的广阔土地the size of France and Spain combined13600:15:00,900 --> 00:15:03,500因为宛如被干燥中空的谷地隔离开来的巨大蛋盒般is famous for its clusters of conical hills13700:15:03,990 --> 00:15:10,000连绵的锥形山脉而闻名于世like giant upturned egg cartonseperated by dry empty valleys13800:15:13,990 --> 00:15:15,400这就是喀斯特地貌This is the karst13900:15:16,000 --> 00:15:22,400石灰石地貌俨然成为南部中国的标志性特征a limestone terrain which has become the defining image of southern China14000:15:24,000 --> 00:15:29,000喀斯特地貌通常以突起的裸岩状态分布Karst landscapes are oftenstudded with rocky outcrops14100:15:29,300 --> 00:15:32,200这迫使当地农民只得在破碎的小块土地上耕作forcing local farmers to cultivate tiny fields14200:15:38,400 --> 00:15:41,500当地人是中国最贫穷的居民之一The people who live hereare among the poorest in China14300:15:44,400 --> 00:15:46,000在毗邻的云南省In neighboring Y unnan province14400:15:46,200 --> 00:15:49,000遍布着石灰石limestone rocks have taken over entirely14500:16:00,000 --> 00:16:02,300这就是著名的石林This is the famous Stone Forest 14600:16:02,600 --> 00:16:05,200无数年侵蚀作用的产物the product of countless years of erosion14700:16:05,500 --> 00:16:09,000造就了无数的狭道与巅峰producing a maze of deep gullets and sharp-edged pinnacles14800:16:14,300 --> 00:16:18,000石灰石有一个独性那就是能被雨水分解Limestone has a strange property that is dissolves in rain water14900:16:20,500 --> 00:16:26,000在数千年的漫长光阴中水的侵蚀深入到岩床的心脏地带Over many thousands of years, water has corrode its way deep into the heart of the bedrock itself15000:16:35,700 --> 00:16:38,500这一自然奇观成为了著名的旅游景点This natural wonder has a famous tourist spot15100:16:39,200 --> 00:16:43,400每年的访客数量多达200万人receiving close to 2 million visitors each year15200:16:45,400 --> 00:16:48,000中国人特别喜好奇形怪状的岩石The Chinese are fond of curiously shaped rocks15300:16:48,300 --> 00:16:51,600并以为嶙峋怪石冠上千奇百怪的名字为乐and many have been given fanciful names15400:16:51,750 --> 00:16:54,300但没人来猜测这个块怪石的名字No prices for guessing what this one is called15500:16:57,900 --> 00:17:00,400但百闻不如置身这片奇妙山地亲身一见But there is more to this landscapethan meets the eye15600:17:00,990 --> 00:17:04,500在中国醒目的喀斯特地貌下China has literally thousands of mysterious caverns15700:17:04,800 --> 00:17:07,600隐匿着无数的神秘洞穴concealed beneath the visible landscape of the karst15800:17:08,700 --> 00:17:12,400这些隐秘世界大多不为世人所知Much of this hidden world has never been seen by human eyes15900:17:12,700 --> 00:17:16,000而现在他们将被展现在世人眼前And it's only just now being explored16000:17:24,100 --> 00:17:27,000奇险洞穴中再现了一场终极的探险For a growing band of intrepid young Chinese explorers161 00:17:27,300 --> 00:17:32,000主角是一群日渐成长初生牛犊般的年轻探险家caves represent the ultimate adventure16200:17:34,300 --> 00:17:37,400探索一个洞穴犹如一场穿越时空的探险Exploring a cave is like taking the journey through time16300:17:37,800 --> 00:17:42,400常年积水叮咚伴随着无止境般的旅途a journey which endless raindrops would have followed over countless centuries16400:17:53,400 --> 00:17:55,600水滴潺潺落下Fed by countless drips and trickles16500:17:56,000 --> 00:17:59,500地下河流深切入岩the subterranean river carves ever deeper into the rock16600:18:09,600 --> 00:18:13,000石灰岩河床将洞穴的河道分割成千沟万壑The cave river's course is channeled by the beds of limestone16700:18:13,600 --> 00:18:18,000石灰岩薄弱处被河水冲刷差距的陡坡处水量激增A weakness in the rock can not allow the river to increase its gradient flowrate16800:18:18,160 --> 00:18:22,600为洞穴探险带来相当的挑战providing a real challenge for the cave explorers16900:19:02,400 --> 00:19:05,600水流到达地下水位后便停止下流The downward rushes halted when the water table is reached17000:19:06,600 --> 00:19:10,800这里缓缓流动的河流切割出一条圆形隧道Here the slow flowing river carves tunnels with a more rounded profile17100:19:15,800 --> 00:19:19,600这静谧的世界是穴居鱼的家This tranquil world is home to specialized cave fishes17200:19:20,400 --> 00:19:22,700比如无目金鲃like the eye-less Golden Barb17300:19:24,000 --> 00:19:27,600中国或许拥有地球上种类最为繁多的China may have unique kinds of cave evolved fishes17400:19:27,900 --> 00:19:30,700洞穴进化鱼than anywhere else on Earth17500:19:35,400 --> 00:19:36,900在地下水位线Above the water table17600:19:37,200 --> 00:19:43,500 远古洞穴溢满的河水中充斥着石笋和钟乳石ancient caverns abandoned by the river slowly fill up with stalactites and stalagmites17700:19:48,120 --> 00:19:52,700含有沉积物的水流Stalactites form as trickling water deposites tiny quantities of rock17800:19:52,980 --> 00:19:55,400在千万年间“滴水成石”over hundreds or thousands of years17900:19:56,700 --> 00:20:01,500含有石灰质的水滴落石床形成石笋Stalagmites grow up where lime laid and drips hit the cave floor18000:20:22,400 --> 00:20:27,000迄今为止被探索发掘的中国洞穴是中国大地上的九牛一毛So far, only a fraction of China's caves have been thoroughly prospected18100:20:27,200 --> 00:20:30,600而被发掘的洞穴不断为我们展现地底奇观and caves are constantly discovering new subterranean marvels18200:20:30,800 --> 00:20:36,200许多在后来被开发成了商业景点many of which are subsequently developed into commercial show caves18300:20:44,250 --> 00:20:46,300探索者沿着洞穴河流出山谷的轨迹逃离了黑暗Finally escaping the darkness18400:20:46,700 --> 00:20:52,700在远离出发地的河谷the cave river and its human explorers emerge in a valley far from where their journey began18500:20:53,600 --> 00:20:56,300这场冒险拉上了帷幕or now the adventure is over18600:20:60,290 --> 00:21:02,000源自洞穴河流Rivers which issue from caves18700:21:02,100 --> 00:21:04,400为喀斯特地区提供了生命之泉are the key to survival in the karst country18800:21:04,990 --> 00:21:07,200贵州的垂直峡谷This vertical gorge in Guizhou province18900:21:07,500 --> 00:21:12,200成为了当地野生动物的密集焦点is a focal point for the region's wildlife19000:21:26,150 --> 00:21:28,400这是世界上最珍稀的灵长类之一This is one of the world's rarest primates19100:21:29,600 --> 00:21:31,700白颊黑叶猴Francois's langur 19200:21:33,000 --> 00:21:36,200在中国他们只残存于两个南部省份In China, they survive in just two southern provinces19300:21:36,700 --> 00:21:38,600贵州与广西Guizhou and Guangxi19400:21:39,220 --> 00:21:42,500多半栖息于崎岖的石灰岩地貌地带always in ragged limestone terrains19500:21:44,400 --> 00:21:46,700正如大多数猴子一样他们是社会性生物Like most monkeys, they're social creatures19600:21:47,400 --> 00:21:50,300并且他们乐于耗费大把时间为彼此整理仪容and spend a great deal of time grooming each other19700:21:59,300 --> 00:22:05,300叶猴是个不折不扣以嫩芽、嫩叶、水果为食的素食主义者Langurs are essentially vegetarian with a diet of buds, fruits, and tender young leaves19800:22:17,190 --> 00:22:19,200叶猴宝宝裹着姜黄色的毛发出生Babies are born with ginger fur19900:22:19,500 --> 00:22:22,400这些毛发随着生长逐渐从尾部开始变成黑色which gradually turns black from the tail end20000:22:29,400 --> 00:22:31,800叶猴宝宝虎钳般的爪Y oung infants have a vise-like grip20100:22:31,990 --> 00:22:34,200帮助他们附着在妈妈身上以保证安全used for cling on to mom for dare life20200:22:36,800 --> 00:22:37,700随着年龄的增长As they get older20300:22:37,980 --> 00:22:40,500他们越发胆大，并开始常识更多刺激they get bolder and take more risks20400:22:45,000 --> 00:22:47,600这些是经历诸多冒险后的幸存者Those have survive spend a lot of time travelling20500:22:48,280 --> 00:22:52,300尽管经验丰富的成年叶猴深知Y et experienced adults know exactly where to find seasonal food20600:22:52,500 --> 00:22:56,400到守备范围内不同区域的哪里去寻觅当季的食物in different parts of their range20700:22:58,600 --> 00:23:00,000在如此陡峭的地带In such steep terrain 20800:23:00,600 --> 00:23:03,400旅途顺利包含了高超的攀爬技巧travel involves a high level of climbing skill20900:23:03,900 --> 00:23:12,200这些猴子打会走路起就是卓越的攀岩专家These monkeys are spectacularly good rock climbers from the time they learnt to walk21000:23:19,900 --> 00:23:21,300叶猴族群In langur society21100:23:21,500 --> 00:23:23,200是母系社会females rule the roost21200:23:23,500 --> 00:23:26,400并且是举家迁徙的领队人物and take the lead when the family is on the move21300:23:52,500 --> 00:23:53,600峭壁一侧One section of cliff21400:23:53,980 --> 00:23:56,400分泌的水是富含矿物质的woops is a trickle of mineral-rich water21500:23:56,900 --> 00:23:59,600这对猴子们而言是不可抗拒的诱惑which the monkeys seem to find irresistible 21600:24:14,600 --> 00:24:20,400如今麻阳河自然保护区已鲜有危及猴宝宝的捕食者These days there are few predators in the Mayanghe Reserve which might pose a risk to baby monkey21700:24:20,880 --> 00:24:23,200然而在过去的数个世纪but in past centuries, this area of south China21800:24:23,700 --> 00:24:27,200中国南部的这个地区是豹子巨蟒甚至老虎的家was home to leopards, pythons, and even tigers21900:24:30,000 --> 00:24:32,500为了在暗夜潜行者的利爪下存活To survive dangerous night prowlers22000:24:32,800 --> 00:24:34,400叶猴们前往地底the langurs went underground22100:24:35,200 --> 00:24:40,000用他们的高超的攀爬技巧爬到洞穴上方寻找庇护所using their rock climbing skills to seek shelter in inaccessible caverns22200:24:55,200 --> 00:24:58,300夜视镜在近乎黑暗的坏境下记录下Filmed in near darkness using a night vision camera22300:24:59,200 --> 00:25:02,300 叶猴一家爬上了the troop clambers along familiar ledges22400:25:02,600 --> 00:25:05,200被数代猴族磨蚀光润的石壁的情景worn smooth by generations before them22500:25:12,700 --> 00:25:14,400当冬日寒冷来袭During cold winter weather22600:25:14,880 --> 00:25:17,400猴子们则冒险潜入the monkeys venture deeper underground22700:25:17,600 --> 00:25:20,400空气相对保持温暖的地下where the air stays comparatively warm22800:25:37,400 --> 00:25:39,200旅途的终点At last, journeys end,22900:25:39,600 --> 00:25:43,999高悬的庇护所使得最激进的捕食者都束手无策a coated niche beyond the reach of even the most enterprising predator23000:25:47,800 --> 00:25:50,600并非只有猴子们在洞穴中寻找遮蔽But it's not just monkeys that find shelter in caves23100:25:51,000 --> 00:25:53,000这些孩子们刚放学These children are off to school23200:25:54,400 --> 00:25:58,000在中国农村每天早上都意味着一段In rural China, that may mean a long trek each morning23300:25:58,200 --> 00:26:00,400穿越一两个洞穴的艰苦跋涉passing through a cave or two on the way23400:26:02,600 --> 00:26:05,000然而并非所有孩子都要徒步上学But not all pupils have to walk to school23500:26:06,200 --> 00:26:08,300这些孩子是寄宿生These children are boarders23600:26:11,400 --> 00:26:13,600当孩子们快要到达学校时As the day pupils near journey's end23700:26:14,500 --> 00:26:16,600住宿生还在做早饭the boarders are still making breakfast23800:26:20,900 --> 00:26:24,600校园内仿若被关掉了灯一般黑暗In the school yard, someone seems to have switched the lights off23900:26:28,200 --> 00:26:30,000但这里其实并没有正规的操场But this is no ordinary play ground 24000:26:30,900 --> 00:26:32,500以及正规的学校and no ordinary school24100:26:36,880 --> 00:26:37,880只不过是座Its house24200:26:38,700 --> 00:26:40,000洞穴中的房屋而已inside a cave24300:26:43,500 --> 00:26:46,200天然拱顶阻隔了雨水A natural vault of rock keeps out the rain24400:26:46,500 --> 00:26:49,200为教室省去了屋顶so there is no need for a roof on the classroom24500:27:01,000 --> 00:27:04,400中东洞穴学校由六个班级Zhongdong cave school is made up of 6 classes24600:27:04,600 --> 00:27:06,900共200名学生组成with a total of 200 children24700:27:09,400 --> 00:27:13,400如同这所学校般这个洞穴住宅区As well as a school, the cave houses 18 families24800:27:14,400 --> 00:27:16,200是18户人家和他们牲畜的聚居地together with their livestock24900:27:18,500 --> 00:27:22,000这或许是世界上唯一在洞穴中饲养的牛了This could be the only cave dwelling cows on Earth25000:27:27,500 --> 00:27:30,300放学后是游戏的时间With school work over, it's play time at last25100:27:43,000 --> 00:27:46,000在中国南方洞穴不仅用于遮蔽In southern China, caves aren't just used for shelter25200:27:46,400 --> 00:27:49,300他们也能为当地人带来恩惠they can be a source of revenue for the community25300:28:22,600 --> 00:28:25,600数代的人持续受到洞穴的恩泽People have been visiting this cave for generations25400:28:25,900 --> 00:28:28,300洞穴地底覆盖了满满鸟粪The cave floor is covered in guano25500:28:28,700 --> 00:28:32,500仅仅十分钟时间就能让农人满载而归so plentiful that 10 minutes' work can fill these farmer's baskets256 00:28:33,650 --> 00:28:36,200这是一种宝贵的天然肥料This used as a valuable source of fertilizer25700:28:45,000 --> 00:28:50,500鸟粪的源头能听到河水上空的鸟鸣A clue to the source of the guano can be heard above the noise of the river25800:28:51,300 --> 00:28:54,000噪音因为山洞而被放大The sound originates high up in the roof of the cave25900:28:57,000 --> 00:28:59,800入口处聚满了雨燕The entrance is full of swifts26000:29:02,600 --> 00:29:04,500他们是社交性动物They are very sociable birds26100:29:04,900 --> 00:29:09,500约200000多的共享贵州南部的洞穴more than 200,000 of them share this cave in southern Guizhou province26200:29:09,800 --> 00:29:12,200中国最大的雨燕栖息地The biggest swift colony in China26300:29:13,000 --> 00:29:18,200如今中国的家燕多数将巢穴建在建筑物的屋顶These days, Chinese house swiftsmostly nest in the roofs of buildings。