定语从句的微课设计
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九年级英语:定语从句的微课设计
同学们:
大家好,今天这节微课让我们一起来快乐了解和学习定语从句
----the atytrebutive clause。定语从句是初中阶段比较难学习和掌握的语法。它的知识点很多,也很复杂,我希望大家听完这节课后,能对你们有所帮助和提高。那么,我们先来说说定语从句的概念吧。定语从句指的是用来修饰一个先行词的句子,归纳起来就是1-2-2-8-8。那么什么是1-2-2-8-8 呢?
一、,一个概念---两个要素:先行词和引导词(关系词)
二、8---个关系词:六个代词,三个副词
六代:who, whom, whose, which, that, as
三副:where, when, why
三、8---八个只用that的情况:
口诀:两代限形特有序
还有这那和表语
只用that要牢记
解释:
两:先行词即有人又有物时;
He spoke of the factories and workers that he had v isited.
代:先行词为all, little,much, few, everything, anything, none等代词,或被all, every, any, much, little, few,no 修饰时;
I will tell you all that she told me at the palace ball . (宫廷舞会)
You can take any room that you like.
限:先行词被
the very, the only, the same, the right, the last修饰限定时;
You are the only person that I admired a lot.
形:先行词被形容词最高级修饰时;
This is the best T V play that I have ever watched.有:在以which或who为首的特殊疑问句中;
Who is the man that is talking to john?
Which is the book that is well worth reading?
序:先行词是序数词,或被其修饰时;
When speaking of the cities of the USA, the first th at comes to my mind is New York. (本身)
主句以there be, here be开头的句子:
There is a house in the village that is very old.
Here is the book that you ordered.
表语:先行词在定语从句中做表语。
China is not the one that she is used to be.
Tom is not the man that he used to be.
四、2---两种形式:限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句
Her husband/father/mother who works in Beijing is a famous d octor.
(限制性定语从句,这样的句子会让人笑掉大牙:还有别的,不在北京工作的夫、爸、妈,不只一个。)
Her husband/father/mother, who works in Beijing, is a famous doctor.
(非限制性定从,正确的表达:一共只有一夫、爸、妈。)
Her son who works in the USA is famous as a doctor.
(限制性定从,还有别的,不在美国工作的儿子,表达正确。)
Her son, who works in the USA, is famous as a doctor.( 非限制性定从,只此一子,表达正确)
五、1---一个功能:关系代词在定语从句中做主、宾、定、表;关系副词在定语从句中只做状语。
六、如何判定用关系代词还是关系副词
方法一:看动词
用关系代词,还是关系副词完全取决于从句中的谓语动词。及物动词后
面无宾语,就必须要求用关系代词;而不及物动词则要求用关系副词。关系代词:vt 或vi+prep
This is the factory that/which we visited last week.
I will never forget the days that/which we spent together.
The blouse that/which she put on just now is made of silk.
The coast is the place that/which everyone wants to go to.
(以上四个例句的关系词都可省略,因为它们在定语从句中都做宾语。)
关系副词:vi 或vt + o
My grandpa was born in the year when the world warⅰbroke out.
The school where he studies is a key scho ol in Beijing.
Do you remember the day when I visited th e farm with you?
The farm where we got in crops last summe r is not far from here.
方法二:看功能
准确判断先行词在定语从句中的成分(主、谓、宾、定、状),也能正确选择出关系代词/关系副词。
关系代词:主、宾、定、表
关系副词:状语:时间、地点、原因
七、关系代词的省略: