新人教版八年级英语下册第三单元知识点

Unit3 Could you please clean your room?

一．情态动词could 的用法

1.提出礼貌的要求Could you please （not） do sth ?请你（做）好吗？

用于提出请求，希望得到对方的肯定回答，说话的语气比较客气委婉。Could 不是can 的过去式，是委婉、礼貌的说法。回答用can. 肯定回答：Yes,sure./ Yes, I can./Of course,I can./ Certainly./No problem./ With pleasure .

否定回答：Sorry , I can '/ I t'm afraid I can 't. I have to …,I'm going to…（说明理由）

2. 表示请求许可Could I do a sth? 我可以做.... 吗？

肯定回答：Yes, you can ./ Yes ,please / Of course / Certainly./ No problem.

否定回答：Sorry , you can' /t I 'm afraid you can 't.

3. could 为can 的过去式，表示过去的能力。= was / were able to

Section A

1. take out the rubbish 把垃圾带出去

2. do the dishes = wash the dishes 洗碗碟

3. fold your clothes 折衣服

4. sweep the floor 扫地

5. make your bed 整理床铺

6. clean the living room 打扫起居室

7. do some washing/ shopping/ cleaning洗衣月服/ 购物/ 做清洁

8. go out for dinner 出去吃晚饭

9. go to the movies 去看电影

10. stay out late/ until nine 呆到很晚/ 呆到9点钟

11. get a ride 撘车

12. give sb a ride to town 开车送sb 到镇上

13. need to do something 需要做...

14. have to do something不得不做..

15. help out with a few things 帮助做些事情

16. at least 至少,多指数量或程度上的最低限度。（反） at most 至多，不超过

17. finish doing something 完成做 ...

18. two hours of TV 两个小时的电视表示时间、距离、金额、度量等词语作主语时，被视作整体，谓动用单数。

19. be/ come back from shopping 购物回来

20. any minute/ second/ moment now 随时

21. be angry with 对 .... 生气

22. solve the problem 解决问题

23. throw down扔下，随手丢下。throw at向…扔去（恶意）throw to…扔给

throw away 扔掉

24. the minute ....... / as soon as …/ the moment ......... ........ 就... （引导

时间状语从句，主将从现)

e over 过来，顺便来访

26. take the dog for a walk= take a walk with •… 遛狗

27. reply angrily 生气地回答

28. all the time 一直all day 一整天all evening 整晚

29. shout back 吼回去talk back 顶嘴

30 neither / nor +助动词/be 动词/情态动词+主语“某人也不”

neither两者都不neither nor… 既不…也不…（就近原则）neither of us 我们两个都不

31 in surprise 惊讶地

32 find + 宾语+ adj / n. / prep 短语find sb. doing sth 发现某人做某事

find it + adj. + to do sth 发现做某事很 ...... ♦find it difficult/ hard

to do sth 发现做某事很困难

33. share the housework 分担家务share sth with sb .和某人

分享某物

34. hang out with sb 和某人一起闲逛hang up 把....... 悬挂/挂起

35. pass sb sth= pass sth to sb把某物递给某人Pass on 传递

36. borrow s from sb 从某人那里借某物

37. lend sth to sb = lend sb sth 把某物借给某人keep...... for +

一段时间：借… 一段时间

38. hate to do / doing sth讨厌做...

39. try （not） to do sth 努力（不）做某事。try one 's best to do sth= do one' s best to do st尽某人最大努力做某事

try on 试穿try to do sth 努力做某事【侧重尽力做】try

doing sth 试图做某事【侧重尝试做】

40. while conj.在，... 期间；当..... 的时候” While引导的时间状

语从句的谓语动词只能是延续动词.(进行时)

Section B

1.invite v — invitation n 邀请⑴invite sb. to do sth 邀请某人做某事(2) invite sb. to +地点邀请某人去某地

2. enough stress from school来自于学校的足够的压力under the stress of…在…的压力之下

3. a waste of time 浪费时间waste v 浪费” waste time/money on sth / (in) doing sth 在。。。浪费时间/金钱

4. 人：spend ........ on sth 人：pay ......... f or sth 物:sth cost sb +金钱

(in) doing sth It takes sb +时间to do sth.