定语从句练习

初中定语从句练习

From LLLLLISA 一、概念

在复合句中修饰名词或代词的句子

Eg: I am a beautiful（定语）girl.

I am a girl who has long hair.(定语从句)

分类限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句

限制性定语从句：，在意义上是不可缺少的定语，若省略，所修饰主句的内容就不完整或失去意义，和主句的关系十分密切，写时不可用逗号分开

That is the most interesting story (that) i have ever heard of.

非限制性定语从句：

Mr. Zhang，who came to see me yesterday，is an old friend of mine.

区分方法：（1）形式上，非限制性定语从句没有逗号而限制性定语从句存在逗号。

（2）意义上，限制性定语从句不可缺少，如果省略所修饰的主语内容意义就不完整，而非限定性定语从句起补充说明作用，缺少也不会影响全句的理解，

三、实战应用判断先行词和关系词

I have a friend who likes listening to classical music.

Yesterday Emily was wearing thenew dress which I gave her.

The man whose leg was broken in amatch used to be a football player.

My parents live in a house which is more than 100 years old.

The first one who stands up is alittle boy.

四、考点提炼：关系词的确定

基本指导原则1：当先行词是物时, 用which 或that引导.

These are the trees which were planted last year.

当先行词是人时, 用who, whom, whose, that引导.

The man who is speaking is my teacher.

二、具体的注意事项：

修饰物体时关系代词that和which的区分

1、使用that的情况：

(1)当先行词是none/nothing, the one, few/little, something/anything, each, all 等不定代词时。

eg. Do you have anything that is important to tell me?

(2)当先行词被no,/not, few/little ,some/any, every/ each, all等修饰时。

eg. I have some books that are very good.

(3)当先行词被形容词最高级、序数词所修饰时。

eg. This is the first book that I bought myself.

The biggest bird that I caught is this bird.

4、当先行词被the very, the last, the next, the only 等词修饰时。

eg. This is the very book that I lost yesterday.

5、当先行词又有人又有物时。

2

1、

eg. Mary has a book, which is very precious.

2、在介词之后。

eg. This is a house in which lives an old man.

3、当主句中的主语被that修饰时。

eg. That dog which I found in the street belongs to Mary.

修饰人时关系代词that 和who, whom的区分。

1、who ，that作定语从句的主语或宾语

The woman who/that is speaking is my teacher.

The person who/ that I want to visit is my friends

2、whom作定语从句的宾语（介词后面只能用whom）

The woman whom they wanted to visit is a teacher.

3、whose，意思为…的，作定语从句的定语，既能修饰人又能修饰物.

I know the girl whose mother is a teacher

I have a very good dog, whose hair turns out white and black.

注意：（1）当主句中的主语是who时，只能用that。

eg. Who is the girl that is standing over there?

(2)在非限制性定语从句中以及介词后面时只能用who 或者whom。eg. I have a son, who is really lovely and interesting.

There are 40 students in the class, most of whom are boys.

关系副词when, where, why的用法以及与关系代词的区分1、关系副词在定语从句当中只能充当状语，当一个句子能够完整地表达一个意思时，我们就可以给这个句子加上特定的关系副词。然后根据具体句子的意思来区分采用哪一个关系副词。

eg. I won’t forget the time when I got married.

Have you still remembered the days when we stayed together?

This is the place where we had a good time.

Is this the house where Mr Smith lives?

I don’t know the reason why he won’t join us.

Do you know the reason why he didn’t come to sweep the classroom?

2、关系副词when, where, why 和介词+which之间的关系。关系副词when, where, why可以用适当的介词+which来替代。如：when=in/on/at…+which, where=in/on/at…+which, why=for+which介词的位置非常灵活，有时放在关系代词之前，有时放在动词之后。

eg. 1. I won’t forget the date when( on which) I was born.

2. This is the room where (in which) I lived. = This is the room which I lived in.

3. I don’t know the reason why (for which) he haven’t come today.

4. Tom still remembers the days when (in which) they lived in Tianjin.

做题原则;根据句子是否完整判断出使用关系代词还是关系副词

根据修饰人修饰物大致判断出that/which/who/whom 根据具体意思来判断具体选择哪一个。

1、Do you know the boy ____ is sitting next to Peter?

----Yes. He’s Peter’s friend. They are celebrating his ____ birthday.

A. who, ninth

B.that, nine

C.which, ninth

D.that, the ninth

2、Being blind is something ____most people can’t imagine.

A.不填

B. What

C. who

D. which

3.—Have you found the information about famous scientists _____ you can use for the report?

—Not yet. I’ll search some on the Internet.

A. where

B. which

C. what

D. who