2011全球大事记

·In a year marked by mass protests, the awakening that swept the Arab world stood out. The Arab spring[1] was sparked by rallies in Tunisia that followed the self-immolation in late 2010 of a young market marker worker angered by police harassment.

·这一年，抗议活动如云涌起。其中，最突出的当属席卷阿拉伯世界的觉醒群众。2010年末，突尼斯一位年轻小贩因不堪警察骚扰，以自焚抗议。这起自焚事件成为整个阿拉伯之春运动的导火索。

·2011 in review /a review of 2011/top stories of the year

·Marred by / punctuated by / of /

·Sweep /engulf/hit /strike

·Rally/boycott/march/demonstration

·He died in hospital in January, prompting thousands to take to the streets in sometimes violent clashes that forced the longtime president, Zine el-Abidine Ben Ali, to flee to Saudi Arabia. ·2011年2月，他于医院离世，激起了成千上万群众上街抗议，长期统治突尼斯的总统本阿里因国内暴力冲突不断，不得不逃亡沙特阿拉伯。

·Emboldened by the outcome in Tunisia, protesters soon rose up in other Arab countries. Hundreds of thousands of Egyptians filled the centre of Cairo and camped in Tahrir Square to call for Hosni Mubarak to step down. 突尼斯的成功激发了阿拉伯世界其他国家的抗议活动。在埃及，百万民众蜂拥至开罗，并在市中心的解放广场扎营，要求总统胡斯尼·穆巴拉克下台。·下台：stand down/resign/leave office

·After three decades in power, Mr Mubarak withstood only three weeks of strife. Although frail, he eventually stood trial (due to resume soon) for the deaths that occurred when his security forces tried to quash the protest

·掌权三年的穆巴拉克在仅仅三周的冲突中垮下阵来。尽管身体虚弱，他最终仍因其军队试图镇压抗议活动时引起的死伤而被移交法庭接受审判。

·镇压：quash/crash/put down

·Saudi troops helped to put down unrest in Bahrain; and reform was embraced in Morocco and Jordan. But the Arab spring was met with stiff resistance in Syria, where protests were brutally put down by Bashar Assad’s regime, resulting in 5,000 deaths so far.

·沙特阿拉伯出兵，帮助巴林平复动荡；摩洛哥和约旦的改革呼声高涨。但在叙利亚，阿拉伯之春运动遭遇最激烈对抗。民众的抗议活动被总统阿萨德无情镇压，目前，已导致5000人死亡。

·In Libya Muammar Qaddafi caused a civil war after he tried to crush an opposition movement that spread from Benghazi. NATO aircraft enforced a no-fly zone, endorsed by the Arab League[2], in support of the rebels. After a summer of conflict, Qaddafi was captured by rebels in his home town and swiftly killed. He had ruled Libya since 1969.

·在试图击溃班加西反对派后，利比亚总统卡扎菲发动了内战。北约在阿拉伯联盟赞成下，在利设立禁飞区，以支持反对派。战火延续一夏后，自1969年统治利比亚至今的卡扎菲在自己老家被俘，当场身亡。

·As heard on the streets

·街上的声音

·InIsrael450,000 people marched on one day to air a range of grievances about declining living standards. In Chile, students and schoolchildren seeking reform to education brought teaching to a halt.

·以色列的45000民众在同一天走上街头，表达对生活水平下降的不满；在智利，学生寻求教育改革的运动使教学被迫中止；

·Corruption was thrust to the top of the political agenda in India after thousands flocked to support Anna Hazare[3], a veteran anti-graft campaigner who went on a hunger strike. Around 100,000 protested in Wisconsin against curbs on public-sector unions. The Occupy movement camped out near Wall Street and other financial centres.

·印度方面，反腐老旗手安纳.哈扎尔的绝食抗议赢得成千上万民众声援，腐败问题被提到政治议程中首位；美国威斯康星州十万人加入了抗议限制工会权利的行列；占领华尔街运动在华尔街以及其他金融中心蔓延开来。

·Drugs-related violence continued to plague Mexico, but even Mexicans were shocked when a notorious cartel attacked a casino in Monterrey in August, killing at least 52 people, most of them women.

·毒品暴力犯罪继续困扰着墨西哥，但就连墨西哥人都震惊不已的是，一个臭名昭著的垄断集团八月份袭击了在蒙特雷的一家赌场，造成52人死亡，死者多为女性。

·Dilma Rousseff' s first year in office as Brazil' s president was marred by corruption scandals that caused several government ministers to resign, including the sports minister in charge of the 2014 World Cup and 2016 Olympics.

·巴西新总统罗塞芙出任总统第一年就饱受腐败丑闻打击，其内阁多位部长引咎辞职，其中包括负责2014年巴西世界杯和2016年奥运会的体育部部长。

·The race to become the Republican Party' s presidential candidate started, minus early favourites such as Mitch Daniels and Chris Christie, and Sarah Palin. 共和党总统提名候选人竞选拉开帷幕，热门人选包括米奇·丹尼尔斯、克里斯·克里斯蒂以及萨那·帕林。

·Mitt Romney led for much of the year, but Newt Gingrich surprised many by surging to the front of the pack in late November. V oting begins in lowa on January 3rd.

·其中米特·罗姆尼领跑了大半年，不过金里奇在十一月底出人意料地崛起，支持率大幅上升。投票将在1月3日自爱荷华州开锣。

·The junta in Myanmar began loosening its repression. Some political prisoners were freed and Aung San Suu Kyi, the leader of the democracy movement, was given greater freedom. .

·缅甸军政府正在放开管制。一些政治囚犯纷纷获释。而民主运动的领导人昂山素季更是被给予更大的自由。

·Hillary Clinton became the first American secretary of state to visit the country in 56 years, but the regime' s commitment to more reform has yet to be tested.