6.专转本非谓语动词

分词独立结构
All flights _____ due to the fog, they decided to go Guangzhou by train.(P222.25)
A. Have been cancelled B. having cancelled C. Having been cancelled D. were cancelled 类似有P211. 30
Be careful while / when crossing the street. (时间)
Having been bitten by a snake, she was frightened at it. (原因)
Given a chance, I can surprise the world. (条件)
不定式作状语
He sat down to have a rest. (表目的) They went there to visit their teacher. 他们去那里
拜访老师。（表目的） He woke up only / just to find everybody gone.
他醒来发现大家都走了。（表示结果） My grandmother lived to see the liberation of
The cup dropped to the ground, breaking into pieces. (结果)
分词做状语
____that I wasn’t going to get much chance for promotion, I decided to quit the job.(223.39)
A. Realizing B. To realize C. Being realized D. Realized
______ of an unhappy marriage, she felt greatly relieved and was eager to embrace a new life.(2018. 33)
All flights _______because of the strike, they had to find some other means of transportation.(2018.24)
A. Having been canceled B) had been canceled C. Having canceled D) were canceled
持一致。 分词作状语必须和句中主语含有逻辑上的主谓或动宾
关系，否则不能使用分词作状语。
2．分词作状语的句法功能
分词或分词短语作状语时，可以表时间、原因、结果、 条件、让步、行为方式、伴随状况等。表示时间关系的 分词短语有时可由连词while 或when 引出。如：
Hearing the news, they got excited. (时间)
分词作定语
分词作定语时有下面几个特点： 现在分词表示主动意义，正在进行； 过去分词一般表示被动含意，状态或做完(完成)的
事。。
he rushed into the burning house． 他冲进了正在燃烧着的房子。 the child standing over there is my brother． 站在那儿的男孩子是我弟弟。 have you got your watch repaired? 你拿到那个修好的表了吗? he is an advanced teacher．他是个先进教师。
China. 我祖母活到亲眼见到中国解放。（表示结果）
不定式多用于还未进行的动作 P187.34 不定式的否定形式：Not放在 to do之前
As is expected, the government is taking measures _____ the spread of Bird Flu.(P198.26)
A. To be free B. Freeing C. To free D. freed
分词独立主格结构
分词独立主格结构的特点：分词的逻辑主语不是主句 主语，它有自己独立的主语 1）独立主格结构的逻辑主语与句子的主语不同，它 独立存在。
2）独立主格结构一般有逗号与主句分开。
the girl staring at him (= as the girl stared at him), he didn”t know what to say. 姑娘两眼望着 他，他不知道说什么好。
time permitting (= if time permits), we will go for an outing tomorrow. 如果时间允许的话，我们 明天去郊游。
there being nothing else to do, we went home. 没有别的事可做，我们就回家了。
A. preventing B. prevent C. to prevent D. prevented
再如P210.21
再如P222.22； P212.39
P187.34
Because of the thick smog, many people move to Sanya in Hainan, believing it would be a wonderful place to ____ in
非谓语动词常考点
非谓语动词语法知识点繁缛复杂，而从我们考试常考 点来看，我们可重点掌握以下几点：
1.记住最常见的跟非谓语动词的相关的固定搭配 2.分词做状语，分词做定语，分词的独立结构 3.不定式做状语，不定式做定语
分词作状语
1．分词作状源自文库的基本原则 分词作状语时，分词的逻辑主语必须与句子的主语保
A. live B. living
C. be living D. be lived
只用不定式
一、下面动词只能用不定式作宾语 Decide / determine, learn, want, expect / hope /